, ' ale ae ; audoncton Ss esl on ENFA with Ha addition aud poped ody at Ht top, jee like Formal. Notation Poy & Pisthebuan Avdonadon (PDA) imvolves Seven Componests . We Com worte the specification ob a PDA ‘Pp’ an allows: P= CQ.E,%, 81 Fo: Ze F) he Conponsids have te. follwing maaarings : i Bs A-ulle cot ob clio, thes the ches ob a ftke asdendtin. 6. A Rake sch ob imps syrodls, PA Auda slack alphabet. @. he trewsition-funchon. &tekes oa arguenct hire a teple 814.0.) a pe At in 8 — 0 fo ether an impel Syrmdod ie Sor ace, th ugly, ing, tole te astomed sa ty be on np ty Ke 0 Shack Syed , hed to a munsloer & f. mapa ob 8 ic a fale st ab piv Cp vam get janh 1 fa te shing th Shack Syne wb te hp de Ho deck Lal ta senate) li Scanned with CamScannerPee cot Son poi a ban Ay lin cok ob pct gordo AlGluk) — tshith fo ; ee ek see od be Wnpal afelele FAIS) Tk otk ta cock 0 ckuclre im uid you Gan poth aud veumve Ste teas om one Oh only MERIMeHGMEPDA we are OFS emperor = Duurkingy Yoo Spr. oto He lack fs called — poth operection ‘lost Rom Gack Vs called PoP opercttion | Fi Pahcbun outtomsta | sta dtack for Storing toe thom aud removing a Sy eee ote tracing the PDA. Ths PDA % more powerfl thom Fa. " Nawguanp vol Gun be cxcrepted Toye FA Con alto be 1 P a 0 Scanned with CamScanner0 natetion eg, ype! reprewitadton Bt Being, 8 nobechow Cuting -tranxitions): | Far example , Gutider Hea lang wooye Le (wCok ) we Catv)” f ushare) ub pb yore dy wand COZ indteado mille de dling & 54 to dear rom He lanquose be wwe thet fw % “abb’ 3, veven A Wo The nquocyt qeerated Hn. we go “boa” whic %o pall we “abbebba whic palindrome. So “Hee. Ceaquarys gevxabe oa Sings be palindwomes Fev Hts laaquore sha —bransittid hs following taste. @ Sen can be wilt a0 Shown in sn tent chet ud Pert a onthe tack Slama) = Co) | zg, Re whe capt Baebes) = Ci) | i eave, tack ' eh: Memon Gn) | oa. ie shiny, tm lar So Hs mat le Eve, br) = Crab) | gyre shiv). “Te cla vik mockine will be FGyo ave) = Cree) | in tia sok glade Say Yor Te bh) | stow. Keep pothing, od inp sqmbole ontete deck aud Hey in stoke Jo San the lupe oye Cc & encoutteree. | HTuamediokely aby scaunive, “Has lupuck late & 4. sy Gi, dosage tae woe kane pared Has watddlle g_ | Scanned with CamScanneren opel sy | nena Meats 4, 28s Seng we # with ec ve toly pothad, syne on He Stack- Ip Hoag discord oth ta sywhsle oud Scan He wert sya oth The tyler we faa dak cod veped He ave Sams; aud Gupore poem and Mevdia im slots 4: — Ty thre bo a wiswatd, He maddae halts ud “a Shiva will be rejected: ata lath Sywtal inc lapel 1s wiotdeed UA cyurbol on toe = Once Eee: Fally cack wit bold oly Zolttat to reathed Botous Mrtlch) MeO creeracle . aX, tle bottom (Zo), tf & evideed thd Has Guan Shing a paltntrows. So, Chonsyt te 4, hid % on auiepling ae H Vang groplial represedlchon (Tranition Dagnass): Now, lel us disess to a PDA ' sreprewuiles gropltally xi te rotations that have been ved to reprewuct av Fqgetenn gute cb PDA Grrespand Te Hee wades In oa graph and ove OB circles. th dy te PDA & dented by an ‘eben dts graph wepretald tng tae Gnteadic J data A th. PDA. s . Scanned with CamScannerLo mu x vecodly prthad — tyalod J "| ste allowing dramvhon obtain he Gerrard sy ow chiagyraund- 8 (p.0.2)= 08) : (a,z|az) ) 8Cra.z) = (4,9) @) eae d CRB = a) ©) Pei d) §(he.e= ay) ; ea Bee Langues b= Gwe 8 Jwe Cate)” defied Fe Qtpemsation eas\her, New we draw eo w ble) @ale) @) yale we ore obadt Be Tiayvamr’ Scanned with CamScannerthe Sook de fam he thet ste > Get on emply clack Byun the Shit state: Ste teh case, we Sag Hah tn lagunge To epled p 8 sth Setowk Case We SOy stack Ha language Binal Sate ond | % acieped eh ov slack o7 rad sick Acceplance hn Rok shite : be o PDA. The Languasye. LUM) bed Mea (O18, 8, orzo") auepied by 0 ook dake f defined 09: LO) = {0 Goi? 20) ree, ~ Peeeracces per ot aca ‘ Tk mean thot Hs PDA, comment ly ya deh Yor ables soa Be Wenn: tide Bt Oe p ing seeing: top Bre dhek 20d Fe waatlte. fo Im elas PM ‘upd Symbol shold be & ON ee emai h \y yevi b, Foi Zp) bette PPA Hund is Scanned with CamScannerwid Some PDA P wth py a& 0 br wut Gu be wl ones) Giea) & C1,.8) rh orepla Tus, a lat synbet ls popped off -tu clack 9° Tt cwepl “This cack become empty on atresia ib- ae ohio sboante drankition jute . ‘db we Can Gouaplate twp And 2 Gosk fuslead db goles Bet eee owphh anellin pee ep Fovetea eapage L= Loch | weloret) =e aud. ny tivo hatte - ce ua siete > al Ok eae) &, ble) (Qrale) Scanned with CamScanner(rae) (bible) (oiblab) | [bib] bb) | (b.a\ba) | | (or) ee ody we cosa Show Hie Gs) : ang ay crawsection , stout any lott Te Gale ) de geuralty z fa: ZolazZ5) rh, ale) (b Zo |b%) Scanned with CamScannerDp Le WEP Se FO tn tor 8 FON Beweeeies = 2 Ci). Thal means Ha bgt aud " empty dack PDA will alte be accepted bay “Heal date POD. ’ 2D Tp there so language L=LOP ecerina) via> N(P2). Thed moans lauguoge here foe PDA Pe auepted by Sinad Seda POA is alio cupid by empiy Gack PDA. Lek vg hove prochs for thus. cack te Final sha s ) Poy Some PDA P, “then 4. Fou TThasreut? Tp 12 NCR) oy fome PDA Son Ie ao POA Pr eo thd Le LCP). (are M8: doi20B) Hane = tA syudod PDA Pe We ve a wo syubed Hp wad fo a dart Sy be eee Or Ha Shack Who Pp Sees Mo on ¢ — ent yuak P, wold engl ou Pp emeaane | ea owe Amped i See ob ae Hct ay pot Ze oi ae Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannera Fig: Moves made lg PDA PB hls cde focton to foth te. Sad aqua & DAP, oa wove hE dott & PDA Pi. dock and p i Pas ache = Now to cates Gnfrachon & one Cavigift 2: Pott, by Ba Xoh. eprewedt cet O atechg beluga PDA F. oreo. A 59, Pouehon OY euply Sek foe ce Yq to = wapeig) “foxenod ad ‘ A \ Ba lhtite) (9 Bo xh Tas ‘ap potting ts a spo ‘s aah 4 Peer ose haute ceil Ghett Gurhuchion ae Moclius - cra) Corals ever pr tot ib iw Ye Cae.) whee 9, arte atts € & amd ‘a! is a taped sqm cies e. Aad Yo a sek symdesh EP The Ee is a mapping, fonahay ual tte PDA- 5 lane veadh te otvepties eneieel ap eo lve CF, Scanned with CamScanner5 w dedi P, whidh te olbtasnad oa Patan Pops every Syesort 0% W dark “out dad “thane abd “0 wpe Fo Gutomed | > Deleyminkittc PDA aud Nou-delemalutilie PDA > Like 0 Pick Aatemela CFA), PDA alto hoe tie ) Deteimisine Poth Doan Acamiala CDPPA) Poth Down Aitomatr CN PPA). tapes Ube Poa. » Mon Ddelemlatic Defathon Be _DPDAR HPPA bak Me (B2.018 4iZeF) b dalemistic fF \. 8Caad) kao only ous clewe gold be PY a Tp 8 £2) is oot ep hon §(q.aD dations shoold be dodisfied ay doa PDA te be 2 a PDA. The PDA is ete ot ‘. _ddannbatic i A . oe Peet resale PDA fo Now-Detomsuer S Pa isin. ; Ww hraussAes Pomction bard, ow aus. souk Scanned with CamScanneralo rat ¥ 8C4.8,2) eae \ey ip trove 3 \s so AD (4. 2,2) wn ae tlavld 4 Scanned with CamScannerfab, Aabb, Maabeb, --~ ven language 1, the language 4 E Tae Sen be equal +0 numbe o, by. [. Plan att (an onto tte state & for every ‘b’ pop ore a’, if the number of a are equal to Number of by ther we rail be left out peitn epiler Ofte wrtading the Foput sting Sig the ptog fp vei CUE Ue ettnes by O p Ze Onte the stack and Aeacking frral state toy @® pop Ze anct aceept the string Steps: Agpuene that 9% ip “the stat ftate and Xe the top of the She bromuttin functor of DPDA ghen ly Peal SCG UE} x Re Me # Ag alt strings “Can stat sath a’ only the Pransitico functor Can be wetien O44 8(y,, 2,40) = by, AZ-) & phen poe read gecond ‘a’, tep of the pack KAM be '04 the pramition function can be porititn OF > Oly,,4,a) =G,04a) ‘bl, pe need to pop ore ‘al, fe carn oe ALO, Ot €£) & for figt 'b', pp a! and tate frandion to ert plot + for eve i follory : » Slay, 64) = CM» Bla, ba) = (a, Eo for more nucote. Of by. papa and ‘ ge loack ty. 4 Of the numter of ap au eypiat to nunndber of bb Hhen input brig roll be left out pot. Band top of The plat ~z,, push Ze ard reach the final pipe , Bla, 8) B) =0% Scanned with CamScanner=... LOG AELD) «CBI BNET SHER A, QL LAA, vO Accepting te pring by reaching final ptate : ala Fe i bale © ales wy ¢, Bz. ©) &) Pop & yal Lien Q oole bale (5 G2 Vautd ptrg: Conide & valid ting potll be § (4, 0abb z) F(a, aoe 2%) pur qouactlon fs} b (a, be,aat? Pe Flay, ,b, 0%) PP tne ta! fr ove ‘0° fa F 0% > 8%) pep tat for one © \J b Cag, £2) final configueation Oot Aoth E tr Qabb The fottfat FD uh opuation % 2 1 fate and Ke Ue lft since Vs Ip the OR te DE of the stack. >} Out ping Ste fe Bes yp acceptrol toy PA nvalis piri : Contd an fovalid pricy SA een i ger MY a Sl) aaabb, x) Fl» Aabb, azo) push peel Er F(a, ,0bb, 2a%e) poor apuation F(%, bb, ana ze) push gptiation [2 a oF (4, b,aade) for ee ep ene 7 Tor F (4, 6,029) pop ane a aces oF atkey dap, 7% i Pec pgier es hal Ko Yat vita niuineber Of Ab 40 numbu Of bp. So th Scanned with CamScanner| EP Pig teak ther pe bba. pees AHR = abbbba The language contaty even lergth polindrtie Aligs | E L=$ abba, aabbaa, abbaabba,----- $ Precedute ! [49 pau of tre pig should fe puthed on top the stack one kyrabel at a finae » Lderrtify ing Cptetile of the fog Is Office, Exaceple: aba > consider this siting The last top ferabel OF 62 past Te vs - of pat We. pot oc parne at feat pegrobel fH Topet syembel and slack £ymbaA from tha phen Ne cone atiey pam poe rofl) get @ Cae Cfroro ptout plate) (h) Reaches niiddte of *he ving [62 I corrpleted and pF foe reed 1 plage PP epuatin aoill be dere> Gin stil se ate reading %2 symbols-» pus opriation By able iepctaysd Mele filed Atlas fnput Airy become empty tif top @ tre prack ip >on atcypt the ptr Ot ean intttal agonal op the jrock Gy The Ioput pty rey frost os A Orie. The TEs Can be posittin as follerp: $ (cone SCA U2+) = Qo Ce) — piri ptaticg eG Blanjb B0) = lar, bte) = Atig atastig rote 'e au realy pecend put pymbel, we notll come a Kohen 19E act the foucry cases! "@ foput symba = 0 and 4p of the statk = a Blania,a) = Cronyn t re ae madig syeneeg ty ¥ BC%p, 0,0) ~C% fp we ae peanninrg LOR © tepur sytrbol’- a and top ef ne Ge ob S04, 216) = Ca 00) put fi t= b and top of te stack = b 8%, 6, &) = L_, bb) Dif Ne ase stil ready Scanned with CamScanner$ "4 eK au atlosr wx 590! be having & Io and “2. rill be net on tp Of theyytatk. the Function Ip tm Bley, Ze) = Cay, ao) 0 Gt The Prat am Ze and Accept the ‘ateing. ® 80a, 6,26) +27 PP frral ptate bbls fp gluen by 9 SCH , abba, te) Dba, A) pus fst 2 Scanned with CamScanner> Potble only frow a CFG Which & m GNF. —? £0, Arner ny Onawrnngs file Oram The qrmwnror— M GNF and then Ovtaw the PDA- > Steps to be followed to Convert a Oprowmron 40 Ta Guvolene POA one Oper elow : 1. Gwe the gQaawwe Mr GNF 2 dek Yo ke ee stare Aube and Zo uw te Witiol Aymbot om the ARUCIE -Wimow= Comguunnng ony — pur, PUde tre Aturt symbol § owtr Mr AR Om Chong tee stake 0 a, . The tronatbm fo us Con be Caza ta S20) 3B. Fr eate Prodacdon of the fyawe KF Ok Miodau me Koutow | i lq ,,a, Ad = (4, &) : y MW sake J,» Wihowe Cavan) ae i WIG om Scanned with CamScannerdate Bo be Ke Atwre Acart dnd Zo Me Kitioh Aywtoot ow the Atack - Megs Pus Me Avant Sywool S$ ow to Me atade ind Chowae She atree bog, THe trounteron fA WWE Com be df the form Ko, €, 25) = $20) FR cath Producto A> Od Mtroduce the thom wu Klay, OA) = Cy rl} dave os shown Wehow + Taousiet dw Scanned with CamScannerue ©, 20) © Vy 2) EMU ph Z- ta,b4 eee, A Oe. 2e 4 ge shown odo &(4o, &. 22) 7 (4, $2y) alec oS) =, foc) &lgy Bed) = Cr Bra, ach) = OW, mo, & ©) = Cy. A) ; gq), 0 8) * @,© £4. O10) * (Cia KO, £, 2a) = (vy, 20) Ye EQ u Me starr OF wrack&Me - ue Te Wok symbol dw state me tral stake - Ler Aa} ie Scanned with CamScanner: — —— paboo t dersed frown sre Hone home ATRAG Bhould be attaptcc by POA vaoves wade by ho PDA ane Bhoww too Ss Dy sta! 1p Cap, aobyo, Zo) I (H,,aabsbo,$ 20) Rute \ By, BBoa, MEO) — Raed i Ca, bloa , BB C70) Pte > | Ly, Be, EF) Pate & pL, & Or) pute & bla, & Zo) fule + pay, £7) (Sea Cmpgwad0™) / Me foned Stake ond MPuk AYaing le Come qua ose) KL Stag ab oH Mb Suu V4 GC wm me tH materiel _vh_TOM EE FR Xue QRaMrars i Ae a LD OAGHIOAR Scanned with CamScannerJ Utd VO a pe Or & GNE- Cmca Ove oY we Produ ror we wor Ww GNF, tHe Quer Op owror Me woe CNG eee lee Coady Guvtxce dtd Qe, Now mak od fe Pro du cto Se S01 duboserunng fr A ow mee Qa duck we Quo B —ProduchtoVs ao M 4NE ax sow below *. p 7 bos lanes ta Now , me WEP Opa 0 UG ie Mm BNE Gx tHe ue © > BAO BAAR & 2 Obl oa B > best o88 La coe ( ao, re CFE Con ot Covvinked MeO PDA . der Y, oe woe sok ond Zo the strol synrool on Fhe Pus Dee Ae Sprol £ we sue KOLO Change the atoke bY. TH Gomer fh this Vv tuo dks Scanned with CamScannerTrometeo Ww S>aron Rly, ,a,s) =(4,, AGB) SPakA Rly,,a,¢) = Wi, Ae) fh > ab8 SOM, @.AD = (+ BB) AD o SCu,,a,A) = (1 £9 b> bbs Sly, b, B= CA,, bd b> owe ala,, 8,6) = BBD >a slay) Be) = Cn oD a,c) = QM) >) OC gly angus Sip S « Fmoly dk drat |, , wivour Comruwrirey ore OE a ee Bae a We La an ACCEPTING GLY, &1 2? =, ) = (Q, £, C81 Vor Fo | » bo) Sue ODA MK gm by M Qe AV WN U4} Bee tt &S Scanned with CamScanner2, $209 vy 08) = Ane MOB) £ lq, , 0,8) = Gr, AA) &U4. 19,8) © Cy, 88) Rly, a. Ay = MH, S(w,,%,8) = (4,8) bCy,,0,8) = (y,, 8) Gy 2) " Sly, ,4,8) = Cg, , a0) - Rita, 8,72) = OM 2) Gq ER We The Akane Atake Of mache . ee Coa {% te Mitial tywbol ov tue Atade . e = kui & Me fmol stake. NEE kor the Hmnals Fy grammar G wih BE oa Rue huynvtooe Mm PDA Ong Me tewrala WSS Sre_ BUC AyarvoU Ww PPA. #4 Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerQuarto ee CQ) wryor ox. me demgita rh deguhor lanquaged Whor Compore d to Gree fut Languages ©) vkac ox te demuses Oh Dea (R NERD Whar Gwgord wrth PDA @ uly FAs ae Ws powergu tron Kee PDA AY © weer Wine dayeore ewe nr NEA ond PPA 2 © wer eo) POR BY wir on Snangle + () whar dace, tackoy THE PUR dowattrovs heprurUrk % a. gLeaEI G@, 02) b CR. a 22 © @, c. Glo. 2d = Qa") a. 49, €60* (ay) ce. gle, 6 02 2% £., Qlekgs WD % Cae) @ Poo Me Bpowtrrr [move BO POR deyred 1 Whos Ow Dreapancarcoud duacarp rv ?. Erxplam wit— nape wm PDA ©) wre ao boyer® we otcepted ey o fol stake oad Whur | & hanguest- te aleegeed toy a GUE. koe 7, lll Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner© dba oO PPA to ACeepE Hee Jnaqoge Lom = AroCu®) we Car bye} uke wh Ue neeme a. SMa HEA ALE OY overs wade by Ke PPA to The atawros OobCbaa, aabCbab - © on a PPA b alee Ke Lovage Le Lomo L wrt b by a faa stare - @ ovrww o POA ty aceept me Lomgrane Ltmd= {role & Cath) ® ond Watt) = wat) bb me Hh Ge Haan W Bhowdd BE tyyvak fe MO ny va Dota a PPA b aterge a ATang 5} Yochanced. Porwrtieier «Tre PAXLATHELES “to OF cyutdered ane 62, C34 awd 2. @ Goramw a PPA b AtCeplr the JOnQuroge Le falw € (a,0* avd weld) 7 Wot? 4 ©B oben a Poa to aceeple tue Jonguege- Le fob’ [wz th ) Doradte & PPA to aterele tue Language Le fwwht we Car s*y wher the PPA GROWL wad Wher fe Clld Won - dekw_m ttc | Ta the POA ty ateepe Te Language Limp = {WOwr (WE Car 6) RU durmtatarre 7 how PDA CoreaPondrg, ty The language Le hot be | watt bY % trod Ata be doramdalatic 1 Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerG) Te tw PPA ty acerpe te Longuage Limy= Aw LW EGF aad walwr= MM) T | Pak Y Te tw PPA to accept The Longuage Crater, ce bolorced Portes & dasnadrtaric # Ga) Te tee POA ty ACtepe Hee Lorgrege Le fwlw © @b)F ond WALD. 7 MyLd) 4 Le darvrmewdstic 7 (GB) rs wae PPA ty accept De hanguane, Le ote Une (> te daronmbsbic 7 Gi) Ts tee POA bo oceePt Me donquogp- us ows t WwW EG@r)* 4 dowmrdaierc * @ wor & Te Procedure bo Convene O CFE bo PORT @ PL he (homo S$ — OABC Pe > ARLOA b> bA\lb ne Obey KE Cot ponding PPA @ Fae The Qromwran~ S—> ofBB\ ohK ho abb\oO @> beBIA teu Obra te Covurpordha PDA Waar & suo OPPLK H GNF notarron How CEQ 9, Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner]) Obras PHA oleepE ME donguage Le Lob Ino} (&) Votan PHA to accept tre Lorguage Le Qww bol xt gk We Car ky® 4 6) Whar te PRE Qentrah Protedure ured b Guvet™ {rawr PPA tb Cray G) odbtam o CFA Ya tee PPA, Mown tod.0.d » Ky. 0,2) = Ma, 42 ACQa rid = Cho, A) Lqar bi Ay = WH, £9 Gly, £,2) = @. £9 Oban Oo CFE Mak gqurrokes Te languag acceped by PPA Me C Math bared, bai2d, Brg AGS), with The tromattrons Sl qr, BD = Gor AFD KO, 4) AD = Me AAD br A= Wr 0 Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner