The 19th century was a period of significant global change, marked by political revolutions, territorial

expansion, and technological advancements. Here are some major world events from 1800 to 1900:

1. **Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)**: A series of conflicts involving Napoleon Bonaparte's French

Empire against various coalitions of European powers.

2. **War of 1812 (1812-1815)**: A conflict between the United States and the United Kingdom,
largely over issues like trade restrictions and impressment of American sailors.

3. **Latin American Wars of Independence (early 1800s)**: A series of revolutionary movements

across Latin America, resulting in the independence of many countries from Spanish colonial rule.

4. **Congress of Vienna (1814-1815)**: A conference among the European powers that aimed to
redraw the map of Europe after the Napoleonic Wars and restore stability to the continent.

5. **Revolution of 1848**: A series of political upheavals across Europe, sparked by economic and
political discontent. It led to various reforms and revolutions in several countries.

6. **California Gold Rush (1848-1855)**: A migration of an estimated 300,000 people to California

following the discovery of gold in 1848.

7. **Crimean War (1853-1856)**: A conflict between Russia and an alliance of France, the United
Kingdom, and the Ottoman Empire.

8. **American Civil War (1861-1865)**: A devastating conflict between the Northern states (Union)
and Southern states (Confederacy) of the United States over issues of slavery, states' rights, and
regional tensions.

9. **Meiji Restoration (1868)**: A political and social revolution in Japan that led to the overthrow
of the Tokugawa shogunate and the restoration of imperial rule.
10. **Suez Canal Construction (1859-1869)**: The construction of the Suez Canal in Egypt, a major
engineering feat that facilitated international trade and transportation.

11. **Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)**: A conflict between France and Prussia (and its German
allies), which led to the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership.

12. **Scramble for Africa (1884-1885)**: The division and colonization of Africa by European
powers, leading to significant geopolitical and cultural changes on the continent.

13. **Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901)**: An anti-imperialist uprising in China against foreign influence
and Christian missionaries.

14. **Spanish-American War (1898)**: A conflict between the United States and Spain, resulting in
the acquisition of territories including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines by the United States.

15. **Second Boer War (1899-1902)**: A conflict between the British Empire and two Boer states
(the South African Republic and the Orange Free State) in South Africa.

These events, among others, shaped the geopolitical, social, and economic landscape of the 19th
century and laid the foundation for many of the political and cultural dynamics of the 20th century.