1.A project team decides to build up, instead of out, to reduce the building footprint. This strategy could help with © A. Increasing diverse uses © B Construction activity pollution prevention © increasing oven space Reducing the building footprint could result in more open space around the building, assuming it wasn't then paved over. © D Increasing surrounding density 2. Which ofthe following does a site assessment evailate? TA Shading T B Surrounding density Bc ceotooy Bio existing stucturey PAE tarotooy Notes: A site assessment is ‘an evaluation of an area's above ground and subsurface characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site assessments typically help determine whether contamination has occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of, pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated during site assessments." ~ uscec 3. Which of the following project features does NOT promote biodiversity?© A Anextensive green roof © B Anintensive green roof Oc A soccer tes A soccer field would have turf grass on it. Monocultures are a single species of plant such as turf grass. Monocultures do not promote biodiversity. © D The financial support of a conservation organization In LEED v4, one option for protecting or restoring habitat is to provide financial support for off-site protection and restoration. Notes: ‘The LEED credit for Protect or Restore:Habitat promotes biodiversity. This question asks what needs to be done for this credit. 4. project owner is locating ad office building otra greenfield near a wetland. The project team hhas goals of protecting sensitive ecosysteris, reducing the heat-island effect, designing a healthy building, and reducing energy demand. Given these goals, where should the project team start? © A. By sourcing local @iaterials & g_ By determining if a demand response program is available from the local utility ‘company © C By finding out if the owner can lease a renewable energy system © by completing an eaty se assessment The question lists four goals: Protect sensitive ecosystems Reduce the heat island effectDesign a healthy building Reduce energy demand ‘The site assessment is the one choice that impacts all of these other goals. If a project ‘team has the opportunity to pick where the building will be built, nearly every other LEED credit is going to tie into that single decision. Before the project team commits to| a building location, they first need to know why they would want to put it there. The ‘team can't make that decision without a site assessment, asking questions such as the following: Where on the site is the shade? Which way does the wind blow? Where does the rainwater flow? Where are there sensitive ecosystems? How far away from any roads Is the building? Where are the utilities? 5. When evaluating materials that would help with heat-fsland reduction; which of the following Is the MOST important material attribute? cA oes Oc An SRI Thermal emittance A three-year aged SR value New in LEED v4 is the three-year aged SRI value as a performance measurement of roofing/hardscape materials. The three-year aged SR or SRI value is ‘a solar reflectance or solar reflectaned index rating that is measured after three years of weather exposure.” - USGBC /What this indicates Is how good the product Is going to be performing after three years outside. Consider a highly reflective white roof. When it's installed, it's clean and bright white, but the sun beats down on it day after day, it gets rained on, dust in the air collects on it, etc. After a period of time, it's no longer as bright, and thus performs less, optimally. The three-year aged rating takes this into account. An SR 6. What is true about a project that is located in an urban area?@A The projects thely to experience higher cooling costs due tothe heat sland effec ‘The heat island effect refers to the ability of dark, non-reflective paved areas-city streets, rooftops, and sidewalks-to absorb and radiate heat, making urban areas and the surrounding suburbs noticeably hotter than rural towns nearby. Other contributors, include reduced air flow due to tall buildings and narrow streets, calm and sunny ‘weather, and auto exhaust. Because the air around the building is heated, more air conditioning is required in the building to keep it cool. This in turn, further heats the surrounding air and creates a vicious cycle. © B The project will need to be located near mass transit to achieve LEED certification Locating a project near mass transit is not a prerequisite for projects in urban areas, © C The design of the project within the project boundary (S)unlikely to cohtaih open space Even in an urban area the project teamican desigit the project ta)Jaave some of the area as open space. © D The project team will likely have'to Select a’3it@’on, previously undeveloped land. Urban developments dstially have access to previously deve/oped|and. Itis in suburban areas where a project ismore likely t6 find)a greenfield to develop on. 7.A data center is located in a remoté, forested area. In which of the following ways could the project team reduce light pollutiof?. @A dy insaing stds and lights tha reduce glare Good exterior lighting design results in the reduction of three forms of light pollution: plight, glare, and light trespass, © B By increasing the number of exterior lights Incteasing the quantity of lights increases the light pollution. © C By installing lights that shine upward Lights should point downward, not upward.oop By placing exterior lights close to the project boundary Lights placed near the project boundaty increase light trespass outside of the project, boundary and should be avoided. 8. What design strategy would reduce the light trespass from a site to help prevent light pollution? cA ©s Install lamp posts every 20 feet (6 meters) around the entire property line This is not a strategic design. Putting lamps on the property line will result in light trespass past the property line. Install shielded fixtures Light pollution is ‘waste light from building sItés that produces glare. js directed upward to the sky, or Is directed off the'site. Waste light does natiticrease nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly consumes:energy.¢-USGBC Light pollution also negatively fénpacts.arimals.that.are-ndcturnal. There are several strategies to reduce light trespass froma Site Design to prevent aveid ovér-lighting Avoid up-lighting Reduce glare Direct full cutoff fixtures downward Reduce the contrast betweefilight and dark areas Use shielded fixtures Paint all hardscapes white This would increase glare and increase light pollution. Up: jhting 9. A project in a warm climate is evaluating nonroof materials to help reduce heat islands. Which of the following is the MOST effective measure of solar heat rejection of nonroof materials? @A Tiree yearseoe oc Op Solar reflectance (SR) is used in LEED v4 because it is more appropriate way to measure nonroof materials since they usually have more thermal mass, SR is ‘the fraction of solar energy that Is reflected by a surface on a scale of 0 to 1. Black| paint has a solar reflectance of 0; white paint (titanium dioxide) has a solar reflectance of 1. The standard technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then determined by an averaging process, using a standard solar spectrum, as documented by ASTM Standards E903 and £892.” — usapc ‘The three-year aged SR or SRI value is 'a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that Is measured after three years of weather exposure.” ~ USGBC SRI Solar reflectance index (SRI) is ‘a measure of the! constructed surface's-ability to stay cool in the sun by reflecting solar radiation and emitting thermal radiation. Itis defined such that a standard black surface (initial-solar reflectance 0.05; iftial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0 and a stahdard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal-émittance’0,90) fas an. initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a given material, obtain its Solar réflectanc® and thermal emittance via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC=I). SRUfSicalculated according to ASTM E 1980. Calculation of thé aged SR ¥6 basedon the aged tested values of solar reflectance. ~useBc and thermal emittance SR Three-year SRI 10. What does the emissivity of a material refer to? ‘The measure of a material's ability to reflect sunlight (including the visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths) on a scale of 0 to 1 ‘The environmental benefits of the material over time How hot a surface gets relative to standard black and standard white surfaces ‘The ratio of energy radiated by a particular material to energy radiated by a black body at the same temperatureThe emissivity of a material is the ratio of energy radiated by a particular material to lenergy radiated by a black body at the same temperature. It is a measure of a material's ability to radiate absorbed energy. 11. Why would a landscape designer choose native landscaping in an arid climate? TA Heat island reduction Plant choice does not spact heat island redu TB Increase occupant well-being and productivity Provi well-being and productivity. Plant selection does nofincrease or decrease open space. ig open space to allow occupants connect with the outdoors increases their Fc suppor integrated pest management (PM) Native plants help with an IPM strategy: Fo minimize evapotranspration Evapotranspiration is the combination oF evaporation and plant transpiration into the Jatmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquic-water from soil, plant surfaces, or water bodies becomes, vapor. (USGBC) In arid climates selecting plants with lower evapotranspiration reduces watering needs. TE Provide linked habitat corfidors in urban areas ‘One of the positive’environmental aspects of open space is providing linked habitat for species in urban aréas, allowing the species to move about more easily. 12. Which of the following actions can a project team take to help manage runoff on-site in a dense urban area? TH A Increase the size of the drainage pipes This would get rid of the runoff faster, not manage it. Bip stata green oofI C Design all parking under the building This is not managing the runoff. [Eo Harvest rainwater Notes: Projects in an urban site with a zero lot line (the building footprint son the site limit) will have to Use green infrastructure (GD and low-impact development (LID) rainwater management strategies since there is no land. Low-impact development (LID) is ‘an approach to managing rainwater runoff that emphasizes on-site natural features to protect water quality by replicating the natural land,cover hydrologic regime of watersheds and addressing runoff close.to\ts soufce: Examples ijelude better site design principles (e.g., minimizing land disturbange, preserving vegetation minimizing impervious cover) and design practices (e.g. rain gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement, rainwater harvestifig, soll afiendments). These are engineered practices that may require specialized design assistance.) = UsOBC Green infrastructure is 'a soilaad vegetationcbased abjproach to wet-weather management that Is cost-effective, sustalnable,and environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management approaches and technologies infiltrate; evapotranspire, capture and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies.” - USGBC 13. Which of the following cari happen as a result of increased rainwater runoff? © A Decreased energy performance © B Increased heat islands Oc earophication Eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates from fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system. ‘Additional hardscapes can contribute to eutrophication and harm aquatic ecosystemsand species. Eutrophication is the process by which a body of water acquires a high concentration of | nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates. These typically promote excessive growth of algae. As the algae die and decompose, high levels of organic matter and the decomposing organisms deplete the water of available oxygen, causing the death of other organisms, such as fish. Eutrophication is a natural, slow-aging process for a water body, but human activity greatly speeds up the process. Increased potable water use 14. What are the economic benefits of installing a vegetated roof? Oa Increased habitat for birds \Vegetated roofs provide habitat for birds and insects.This is an environmental benefit. Provides occupants a connection to the outdoors, This is a social benefit, as part of the triple bottom line: Lower cooling costs for HVAC’ Vegetated roofs/are great insulators. They act as a barrier between the sun’s heat and keep that heat fromeritering the building through the roof. Because of this added Insulation the costs to cool the building can be reduced, Lower investment cost compared to roof surfaces with high SRI \Vegetated roofs will have a higher upfront cost compared to a roof that has a EPDM covering or paint applied to it. 15. How can the heat island effect on the roof of a building be reduced? OA Increasing the amount of roof insulation Increasing the insulation may help reduce energy bills, but it does not reduce absorption of the sun's heat by the roof surface.© B Covering the roof with recycled materials The SRI of a material is an important factor In reducing heat islands for roofs. Whether the material is recycled or not is not important to reducing heat islands. ©c Praiming the oof with a hgh 5 coating Heat islands on a roof can be reduced by reducing the amount of area that is dark, either through solar panels or a green roof, or painting exposed areas with light colored ‘materials. A material with an SRI of 100 is light colored ‘The heat island effect is created when developed areas have higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas. An urban heat island effect is caused by sunlight heating up dark colored surfaces such as roads and rooftops. Huge quantities of heat are generated in buildings that have dark rooftops and absorb heat rather than reflect it © D Providing underground parking Providing underground parking is a-LEED strategy for teducing the heat islands of non-roof surfaces. 16. Which part of the development procéss would inform design decisions, such as locating community gardens in areas with fertile soils? © A Construction activity pollution prevention © site assessment Site assessment is one of the most important parts of the integrative process and informs good design decisions. The site assessment influences over a dozen other LEED credit areas, some directly and others indirectly, For example: Access to Quality Transit Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses Sensitive Land Protection Bicycle FacilitiesOpen Space Rainwater Management Heat Island Reduction Energy Performance Daylight Quality Views Renewable Eneray Production Environmental site assessment Environmental site assessment differs from site assessment, in that the intent is to ‘assess for environmental contamination where a site assessment evaluates sustainable ‘options to inform the site design decisions. Energy modeling 17. A LEED project is in the pre-design phase, and a'previously developed'site has already been selected. The team wants to protect or restore habitat, Which of the following strategies should they consider? Ea Be Oe Notes: Restoring compacted soils aitd reveaetatings Using pervious paving riaterials Tor the (parking area This would help with rainwater management. Implementing a construction activity pollution plan This would help with the prerequisite for construction activity pollution prevention. Providing financial support to a local land trust Increasing the floor-to-area ratio of the building This would help increase open space. Projects have two options in LEED v4 for protecting or restoring habitat. On-site restoration involves restoring compacted soils and revegetating..‘The second option is to provide financial support to off-site areas controlled by a land trust or preservation organization. 18. What does LEED accept as part of a bullding design to qualify as open space for projects in urban areas? © A Shaded parking lots ‘Shaded parking lots are not considered open space. ©e vesetated green roots |A vegetated roof may count as open space for projects in urban areas. © C Higher density buildings Higher density buildings do not contribute tovopen,space requirements. © D Balconies are not considered 6pert space. Balcor 19. A project team has decided to modify a low SRI roof design to include a vegetated roof to help with rainwater management. What\other credit would this decision help with? © A Light pollution reduction © B Construction activity pollution prevention ©c Heat isiand reduction A green roof can help with reducing the heat island effect. Vegetation is a good insulator against the heat from the sun and would keep a building cooler compared to low SRI material © D On-site renewable energy20. A project team will provide outdoor space greater than the minimum 30% required in LEED v4 for Open Space. Which of the following are examples of quality open space? BA A toasing wai Pedestrian-orientated paving areas that encourage physical activity are considered ‘quality open spaces. Garden space dedicated to community gardens ‘A community garden is considered a quality open space, FC Anantificial turf for an outdoor soccer field Artificial turf does not count as a quality open space, [_D Small strips of turf in parking lots This is not a quality open space. Notes: 21. In LEED v4 the shift has moved not just to:dpen spaces but to quality open spaces. Quality open spaces encourage interaction, passive recreation, and physical activity. A project that specifies products with BUG ratings is contributing to which of the following environmental benefits? © A imperiled species protection © tight potution reduction ‘The backlight-uplight glare method Is used in LEED v4 for light pollution reduction. By selecting exterior lighting with specific BUG ratings the project team can easily achieve this credit, In prior LEED versions, extensive calculations were requited, and this was one of the least attempted credits, © € Rainwater management© D Heat-island reduction 22. The project owner of a LEED 8D+C Retail project has decided NOT to provide financial support to a local land trust. Which of the following will this decision impact? © A Reduced-parking footprint Contributing to a land trust is unrelated to parking. In LEED v4, one of the options available to on-site restoration is to provide financial support for off-site restoration (such as to a qualified land trust). By removing the financial support, this credit could be impacted. © € Open space Contributing to a land trust does not count toward open spac © D Surrounding density and diverse uses Contributing to a land trust 78 unrelated to density and diverse uses. 23. Projects may be able 0 use some of the Same techniques for both .. ®A construction activity polish prevention and habtat consenation and restoration, Both of these are intended to preserve and protect greenfields during the construction process. A project team may be able to share strategies between them and achieve synergy. © B designing for flexibility and open space, Designing for fle ity is for the interior while open space addresses the exterior. © C site assessment and submetering. Submetering is unrelated to the site assessment.© D exterior lighting reduction and quality views. Exterior lighting and quality views are unrelated. 24, Which of the following can increase the heat island effect in urban areas? © A Hardscapes shaded by trees Hardscapes shaded by trees is a strategy to reduce the heat island effect. © B Large areas of turf grass ‘Any type of vegetation will help reduce the heat island effect. Plants absorb the heat and do not radiate it. © © Underground parking Underground parking Is a LEED strategy to reduce the heat island effect because It reduces the need for paved parking surfaces exposed tothe Sun. ©) reduced air tow rom ral Gulag serow seks The primary cali8e of the heat slahd effect ts dark surfaces such as rooftops or dark asphalt pavement that absorb féat‘and radiate it into the surrounding areas. Reduced air flow between buildings and narrow streets also increases the effect. (Other causes of the.tieat island effect include air-conditioners, vehicle exhaust, and ‘calm and sunny weather. 25. What does the use of light-colored, pervious paving help with? [A tea stand eduction Light colored paving, or paving with a high SRI value, helps reduce the heat island effect. The heat island effect is created when developed areas have higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas, An urban heat island effect is caused by sunlight heating updark colored surfaces such as roads and rooftops. Huge quantities of heat are Jgenerated in buildings that have dark rooftops and absorb heat rather than reflect it Fe open space TC Habitat conservation [EP sainwater management Pervious paving helps with reducing runoff by allowing rainwater to percolate through the pavement. 26. A project that specifies soil restoration as part of its site design is contributing to which of the following environmental benefits? @A restoring habia Part of restoring habitat is restoring soil chatacteristics to support the native plants that, will be used. © B Increasing open space Open space allows people to'connéct witfithe outdoors and preserves the em Restoring soil is not part of Kaving open'space. © C Preventing construction activity pollution Construction activity poflution prevention protects the area it does not address, restoring soll. © D Reducing heat islands ‘The type of soil is unrelated to reducing heat island: LeeD. 27. project owner is concerned about the safety of building occupants during the evening hours as they walk to the parking lot, What exterlor lighting strategy would ensure occupant safety, prevent light pollution, and conserve energy? © A Strategically place lighting to shine into the roads surrounding the propertyThis is an example of light trespass, which is trying to be avoided. © B Install up-lighting in the parking lot Up-lighting is to be avoided for light pollution. © instaing timers that shut ofthe oh ater hours ‘Timers that shut off the lights after the building is closed would achieve all three goals. © D Use shielded LED fixtures that are on 24 hours day Lights that are on 24 hours per day do not conserve energy, even if they are LEDs. Notes: Light pollution is ‘waste light from building sites that\produces”glare, is diréeted upward to the sky, or Is directed off the site. Waste light does,fot increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly consumes energy.’ ~ USGBC Light pollution also negatively impacts animals that ate noctufnak There are several strategies to reduce light trespass from a site: Design to prevent avoid oyee-lighting Avoid up-lighting Reduce glare Direct full cutoff fixtures downward Reduce the contrast between light and-dark areas Use shielded fixtures 28. A project developer is creating an erosion and sedimentation control plan. The plan must conform to which of the following requirements? © A The Owner's Project Requirements (OPR) © B The LEED ESC Plan © The EPA Construction General Permit o the lca equivalent An erosion and sedimentation control plan is required for the Construction ActivityPollution Prevention prerequisite. The plan must conform to the EPA Construction General Permit or local equivalent, whichever is more stringent. © D The landscape architect's site elevations 29. A team wants to provide quality open space on the project site. Which of the following strategies should it consider? © A Awater-detention pond Detention ponds do not count because they don't promote physical activity or social Interaction. © B Acommunity garden located adjacent to the project Boundary The open space must be within the project's boundaty to count. ©c A watking val around a natral wetland Awalking trail around a natural wetland encgurages Social interaction and physical activity, so it would count aSopenspace. © D A private garden forcompany executives. A key requirement of apen space ig.it must be ACCESSIBLE. A private garden is not accessible to all. 30. Which of the following cai increase the heat island effect in urban areas? BA street equipment (Other causes of the heat island effect include air-conditioners, vehicle exhaust, and ‘calm and sunny weather. TB Buildings that have passive ventilation Passive ventilation impacts energy use but would not increase the heat island effect. Fc air-conditioners(Other causes of the heat island effect include air-conditioners, vehicle exhaust, and ‘calm and sunny weather. T_D Rooftops covered with a high SRI material High SRI materials with reflect the heat rather than absorb it and radiate the heat back later on. Notes: ‘The primary cause of the heat island effect is dark surfaces such as rooftops or dark asphalt pavement that absorb heat and radiate it into the surrounding areas. Reduced air flow between buildings and narrow streets also increases the effect. 31. A project site in an urban area has already béen Selected by an ownet.\The team is researching how it can reduce the heat-island effect Bad hav@open space at the lowest cost Which of the following should be considefed for.aTooftop design? © A Anartificial turf soccer field on the toot A high SRI artificial turf roof'might help with-the heat-island effect, but artificial turf does not courit.a8 open $pacé © B An intensive vegetated roof An intensive vegetated foo Is one that, compared with an extensive vegetated roof, has. greater soil volumes supports a wider variety of plants (including shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants selected for the roof should support the site's endemic wildlife populations. (wscec) © Ancatensive vegetated oof [An extensive vegetated roof is covered with plants and typically not designed for general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof that requires little ‘maintenance once established. The planting medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 Inches in depth, (USGBC)Extensive vegetated roofs are less expensive than intensive vegetated roofs because they don't require as much structural support. © D A roof covered with high SRI material This helps with reducing heat islands but not with open space. 32. Construction activity pollution prevention should address what environmental protection FEA waternay sedimentation TB Ozone protection TH C Greenhouse gas emissions Fo Anbome dust EEE soit erosion TF Fresh water consumption 33, What are ways to reduce water pollution from runoff? BBA open a paving [Open grid paving and pervious surfaces allow rainwater to percolate through the surface instead of running off. TB Increasing the building footprint Increasing the building footprint reduces the quantity of open space. By decreasing ‘open space runoff can be increased since there Is less natural area to absorb runoff. TH C Impervious concrete hardscapes Impervious materials increase runoff, as does increasing the size of the building footprint.[FJo Rain gardens ‘A rain garden is used to capture runoff. 34, In an integrated approach to rainwater management, which of the following actions should a project team take to reduce runoff volume and improve water quality? cA ©s Provide habitat and promote biodiversity This Is the Intent of protecting and restoring habitat. Replicate the natural hydrology and water balance of the site This question asks about the intent and goals of raiftwater. management. Control soil erosion from construction activities This Is the Intent of construction activity pollution preventiofi; Assess the site for environmental contamination This Is the intent of an,envirohmehtal site asséssment.. 35. Construction activity pollution prevention has synergies with which of the following other project areas? TA Outdoor water use [PJs Oc Rainwater management Heat island reduction Fo Protecting or restoring habitat Notes: When properly implemented, construction activity pollution prevention can reduce thecompacting of the site's soil due to grading, construction vehicle traffic, and erosion. By avoiding disturbing the soil, natural infiltration from rainwater can be improved and land can be protected (preserving greenfields). 36, What is a benefit of increasing the quantity of open space on a project? B+ increasing rainwater inttaton Increasing open space helps provide habitat for vegetation and wildlife, rainwater, management, and reducing the urban heat island effect. [Ee more habitat for vegetation and wildite Increasing open space helps provide habitat for vegetation and wildlife, rainwater management, and reducing the urban heat islarid éffect TF € Reducing potable water use More open space may increase Water needédue to\an inérease in landscape size. TH D Increased durability of thé overall project There is no correlation between open space and durability. 37. Reducing the building’s footprint will have positive synergies with which of the following? TA Access to diverse uses The building's footprint does not impact access to uses. BE rainwater management Reducing the quantity of impermeable surfaces is a strategy for rainwater management. TC Preservation of historic districts When preserving a building in a historic district, the building's footprint would likely be unaltered and not reduced. Fo open space‘The smaller the building's footprint, the greater the open space area can be. T E Surrounding density The surrounding density is not impacted by the building's own density. 38, What material attribute would a project team use to compare different products’ abilities to reject solar heat? @A solar Retecance index SAD Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) indicates a material's ability to reject solar heat and is the combined value of reflectivity and emittance. Measurements vary from 100 (standard white surface, most reflective) to 0 (standard black surface, least reflective). Materials, ‘with the highest SRI values are the coolest choicé3\for paving. LEED requires materials with certain SRLvalilés to (Meet the requifements of some credits. Materials come with SRI valués to allow comparison. © B_ ENERGY STAR label ENERGY STAR labels are for'appliances, © € Emissivity The emissivity of & material is thé (atio of energy radiated by a particular material to energy radiated by a black body zt the same temperature. It is a measure of a material's abilty to radiate absorbed/enéray. © D Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) 39. Which of the following project team member(s) is typically responsible for developing the erosion and sedimentation control (ESC) plan for construction activity pollution prevention? © A The LEED AP © B The project owner(s) ©c Teen engineers‘The civil engineer is usually responsible for the plan. The landscape architect or general contractor may work on the plan's development. © D The architect(s) 40. What would a project team do to check if a site needed any remediation? © A Anenergy analysis must be completed Energy analyses are not part of site remediation and occur independently of any remediation. © Aste assessment must be completed [A site assessment Is ‘an evaluation of an area's above ground and substirface characteristics, including its structures, geoldgy, and-hydrology. Site assessments typically help determine whether contarntfiation has occurred afid.the extent and concentration of any release of pollutants. Reinédiatiot decisions rely on information generated during site assessmehts;” ~ USGBC © © A public meeting with thé Stfrounding cofmunity must take place The site assessment sieeds to be done first to-determine with what the project team Is dealing © D Rainfall data for the project location must be obtained Rainfall data is needed for Rainwater Management, 41. A project design includes low-impact development and erosion and sedimentation control. Which of the following will be aided by these strategies? TA An increase of the floor-area ratio Neither strategy would change the floor area ratio. TB Access to diverse uses The term ‘low-Impact development” can conjure up all kinds of strategies that would seem to make a likely answer, It is important to understand what LID is and what itisnot. TC Walkability Notes: Low-impact development is unrelated to walkability. D On-site rainwater management Low-impact development (LID) is ‘an approach to managing rainwater runoff that lemphasizes on-site natural features to protect water quality by replicating the natural land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds and addressing runoff close to its source. Examples include better site design principles (¢.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, minimizing impervious cover) and design practices (e.g., rain gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement, rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered practices that may require specialized design assistance.” - USGBC The creation of buffers between development ahd water resources When a project implements erosion and-sedimientation control; waterways are being protected through the use of some type of buffet: This type of question combites Uifferent’strategies that work together to solve multiple issues. It's really two questions if-ne: What does LID aid? What does erosion and sedimentation control aid? 42. What type of plants should be used on a green roof to promote biodiversity? @©a Native plants ‘The vegetation for a green roof should use native plants, just like the rest of the project] landscape. Native (or indigenous) plants are those that grow naturally in an area, or that have been in an area for many years. Native plants require less water, fertilizer, and pest control. ‘These plants can be trees, shrubs, flowers, or grasses. Adaptive plants are non-nativeplants that perform well in the local climate. Native and adaptive plants require less water, and are more disease resistant because they are suited to the region's usual rainfall, soil, and temperature. © B Monocultures Monocultures are a single species of plant such as turf grass. Monocultures do not promote biodiversity. © € Tall plants that provide shade ‘The roof doesn't really need to be shaded. The vegetation addresses the heat island effect. © D Plants with high watering needs ‘The plants should have low watering needs. 43. A United Nations study indicates that which of the followihig peréentages of the ecosystem services that have been assessed worldwide are euérently degraded of used unsustainably? OA 50% CB 40% 44, What environmental issue occurs from runoff? © A Heat islands © B Ozone depletion Oc sedimentation Rainwater consists of rainwater and melted snow that run off streets, lawns, farms, andop construction and industrial sites. runoff can lead to sedimentation. Sedimentation is where pollutants from natural or human activities add particles to water bodies. Pollutants come from soil, fertilizer, oil or gas on roadways, pesticides, etc. runoff should be controlled onsite by harvesting the water, increasing open space, and reducing impervious surfaces. Incteased municipal wastewater treatment costs This is an economic cost from needing to build more infrastructure as the population and built environment increases. 45. The Sustainable Sites category focuses on all of the following EXCEPT which of the following: oA oes oc ©o Integrating the site with local and regional ecosystems Restoring project site elements Preserving the biodiversity omwhich watural syStems rely ‘The ways in which community ihfrastructure affects Occupants’ behavior and environmental perforinance: This choice is,tHe focus-of the Location and Transportation category. 46. What design strategy would promote biodiversity the most? cA ©s Installing a rock gaiden A rock garden does not promote biodiversity. Planting a variety of indigenous plants Native (oF indigenous) plants are those that grow naturally in an area, or that have been In an area for many years. Native plants require less water, fertilizer, and pest control. These plants can be trees, shrubs, flowers, or grasses. Adaptive plants are non-native plants that perform well in the local climate. Native and adaptive plants require less. jwater, and are more disease resistant because they are suited to the region's usual rainfall, soil, and temperature© Installing a dry pond planted with invasive plants A dry pond with invasive plants would not promote biodiversity as much as indigenous plants. © D Increasing open space and covering it with turf grass Maximizing open space is the starting point to promote biodiversity. However planting turf grass or a single species (monoculture) is not diverse. 47. Which of the following has the most synergy with other credits? @A ste assessment Site assessment is one of the most important parts of the Integrative process and Informs good design decisions. The site assessment influences overra dozen other LEED credit.areas, some directly and others indirectly. For example: Access to Quality Transit, Surrounding Defsity and Diverse Uses Sensitive Land Protection Bicycle Facilities, Open space Rainwater Management: Heat Island Reduction Energy Performance Daylight Quality Views Renewable Energy Production © B Acoustics © € Green cleaning © D Quality of views48. Which of the following strategies can a project team combine to reduce runoff volume and improve water quality? Da De Notes: Note the differences in low-i Piping and conveyance This conventional approach tries to move rainwater into centralized large facilities at the base of drainage areas. Green infrastructure Green infrastructure is ‘a soil- and vegetation-based approach to wet-weather ‘management that is cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, [capture and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies.” ~ USGBC Monitoring yearly rainfall Monitoring rainfall isn't a design strategysit is just'an observation. Low-impact development Low-impact development isan apprdach\t6 managing rainwater runoff that lemphasizes on-site natural features to piotect water quality by replicating the natural land cover hydrologié regime of watersheds and addressing runoff close to its source, Examples include better site désigni principles (e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation rhinimizing impervious cover) and design practices (e.g., rain gardens, vegetatéd'swales and buffers, permeable pavement, rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered practices that may require specialized design assistance.” ~ USGBC ‘Submetering irrigation systems pact development (LID) and green infrastructure (Gi). 49. What is a strategy for construction activity pollution prevention that would prevent waterway sedimentation?© A. Reducing fertilization © B Increasing soil compaction ©c Providing natural buffers around the property, © D Protecting on-site materials