Pediatric Nursing An Introductory Text 11th Edition Price Test Bank

Pediatric Nursing An Introductory Text
11th Edition Price Test Bank

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Price: Pediatric Nursing, 11th Edition
Chapter 08: The Preschool Child
Testbank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse weighs a 6-year-old child who weighed 20 pounds at 1 year of age. The nurse
anticipates that this child should now weigh at least:
a. 25 pounds
b. 30 pounds
c. 35 pounds
d. 40 pounds
ANS: D
At 6 years of age, a child’s weight should be double the 1-year weight.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 146 OBJ: 2

TOP: General Characteristics and Development
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
2. When planning the care for a hospitalized preschool child, the nurse includes in the plan
of care to carefully prepare the child for any procedure because children of this age:
a. Are suspicious of strangers
b. Are extremely curious
c. Are fearful of intrusive procedures
d. Understand cause and effect
ANS: C
The fear of bodily harm, especially intrusive procedures, is very strong in children of this
age.

TOP: Fear of Bodily Harm KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
3. When a 4-year-old child asks the nurse what dying means, the nurse takes into
consideration that a child of this age:
a. Normally does not ask about death
b. Should be given a detailed explanation
c. May view death as a kind of sleep
d. Should be discouraged from discussing this topic
ANS: C
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1997, 1992, 1987, 1981, 1976, 1970, 1965 by Saunders, an imprint
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-2
Children of this age are just beginning to wonder about death. They are not able to fully
comprehend it. Children should be given very basic explanations. Allow the child to
discuss the topic in a general way. Children often view dying as a type of sleep.

TOP: Death KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation
4. The parents of an active 5-year-old are concerned about keeping their child safe while
promoting normal growth and development. The nurse suggests that the parents:
a. Provide the child with a detailed direction for play
b. Continually remind the child to be careful
c. Provide constant criticism for failures
d. Allow the child to complete tasks and activities on his own
ANS: D
Children need to be allowed to develop their imaginations. Over-direction of play can
also leave the child feeling insecure. The child should be reminded of the rules but should
not continually be told to be careful. The child should be allowed to complete tasks on his
own.

TOP: The 5-Year-Old Child KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
5. The nurse is preparing to teach a class on discipline and guidance for parents of
preschoolers. The nurse is guided by the principle that:
a. Discipline and punishment are the same
b. Punishment includes all methods used to change behavior
c. Punishment is a specific procedure used to decrease an unwanted behavior
d. Discipline is threatening to a child’s well-being
ANS: C
Discipline and punishment are not the same. “Discipline includes all methods used to
change behavior”; punishment is used to decrease unwanted behavior. Discipline
provides structure and security in a child’s life.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 151-152 OBJ: 2

TOP: Discipline KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
6. In a discussion about the discipline of a preschool child, the nurse emphasizes that:
a. Setting limits makes children feel more secure and self-reliant
b. Establishing rules for safety should be accomplished now
c. Criticizing consistently will bring about the desired change in behavior
d. Yelling will help emphasize the goals of the discipline
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-3
ANS: A
Setting limits makes the child feel secure. Rules for safety should be established by 8
months of age. Constant criticism will generate resentment and insecurity. Parents should
not resort to yelling.

TOP: Discipline KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. Parents bring their 4-year-old to the clinic because the child has begun wetting the bed
after having been potty-trained for 2 years. The parents and child are very upset. Which
of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate?
a. “Don’t worry, the doctor can prescribe some medication to make it go away.”
b. “Your child is suffering from an emotional problem.”
c. “Please tell me when this started and any events that led up to this problem.”
d. “If you discipline your child, this will go away.”
ANS: C
Medications cannot make enuresis go away. There is insufficient evidence to assume that
the child has an emotional problem. The parents should not be criticized, because this is
not a discipline problem. The nurse asks questions to discern the recent history of the
event.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 153 OBJ: 2

TOP: Enuresis KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation
8. A mother expresses concern that her 3-year-old will be jealous of the new baby when it
arrives. The suggestion by the nurse that would be most helpful would be to encourage
the parent to:
a. Limit the 3-year-old’s close contact with the baby
b. Tell the child that the baby needs a lot of attention
c. Remind the child of the things she is able to do that the baby cannot do
d. Punish any regressive behavior
ANS: C
The child should be reminded of all the “big” things she is able to do that the baby cannot
do. The child should be allowed to help the mother care for the infant. The child feels that
the baby will come first and needs to understand that she is still important. The child may
display regressive behavior to cope. This should not be punished.

TOP: Jealously and Sibling Rivalry KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-4
9. The parents of a 3-year-old are concerned because their child is still sucking her thumb at
naptime. The nurse advises the parent that thumb-sucking:
a. Will deform the mouth
b. Is instinctive and normal
c. Will harm deciduous teeth
d. Indicates that the child is insecure
ANS: B
Thumb-sucking is normal, instinctive behavior at this age. This will not harm the teeth as
long as it goes away before the second teeth erupt.

TOP: Thumb-Sucking KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
10. The nurse strongly advocates sending preschoolers to a preschool because the major
advantage of the experience is that the child has an opportunity to:
a. Develop a sense of responsibility
b. Play with others cooperatively
c. Learn basic reading skills
d. Adhere to group rules
ANS: A
The experience of preschool is that the child begins to develop a sense of responsibility
as he or she chooses friends, activities, and cooperation. Reading skills are not taught in
preschool, and children can play with others at home or in other environments.

TOP: Preschool KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
11. Select the statement about play that is true:

a. Play is not important for children who are sick
b. Play has little educational value
c. Play provides entertainment only
d. Play provides a method to relate to others
ANS: D
Play is very important to the health and well-being of a child. Play can assist the child in
development and provide educational experiences. Play can offer a method to relate and
cooperate with others.

TOP: Value of Play KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
12. The nurse assessing the teeth of a 3-year-old would expect to find:
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Testbank 8-5
a. 10 teeth
b. 16 teeth
c. 20 teeth
d. 22 teeth
ANS: C
A 3-year-old child should have 20 teeth.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 154 OBJ: 2

TOP: Preschool KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
13. The nurse planning a play activity for a hospitalized preschool child would consider
activities that encourage:
a. Parallel play
b. Solitary play
c. Competitive play
d. Cooperative play
ANS: D
The preschooler is just beginning to learn about cooperative play. Any activity that
supports cooperative play will also support the Eriksonian need for initiative.

TOP: Value of Play KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
14. The nurse would select the following toy for a preschool child that is at the expected
developmental level:
a. 500-piece jigsaw puzzle
b. Crayons
c. Story book
d. Stuffed toy
ANS: B
Crayons allow the child to express himself or herself and engage in imaginative play.
Most children at this age cannot read. A stuffed toy is not of particular interest to a child
of this age. A puzzle of 500 pieces would be frustrating.

TOP: Choosing Toys KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
15. In choosing a play activity for a 4-year-old recovering from cardiac surgery, the nurse
would select:
a. Climbing on the jungle gym
b. Stringing large beads on a string
c. Playing hopscotch in the playroom
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-6
d. Riding a rocking horse

ANS: B
A child recovering from cardiac surgery will not be able expend much energy. Quiet
sedentary activities are the best and safest choice.

TOP: Choosing Play Activities KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk
16. A child seems unable to tell the nurse how he is feeling or if he is in pain. The nurse asks
the child to draw a picture of how he feels because this activity:
a. Will entertain the child
b. May allow the nurse to assess the child’s feelings
c. Will demonstrate to the parent that their child is functioning normally
d. Will distract the child
ANS: B
Children often deal with their stressors through play. The nurse will look at the drawing
and use this to assess feelings. Communication with the child about the drawing is an
essential part of this activity. The ability to draw a picture will not indicate that the child
is functioning normally, just that the child is able to accomplish this task.

TOP: Other Aspects of Play KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
17. The statement pertaining to injury to a preschooler that is correct is:

a. Preschool children no longer need a car seat
b. Accidents are a major threat to children of this age
c. Preschool children no longer need a bike helmet
d. Preschool children can safely handle sharp knives or glass containers
ANS: B
Children continue to use a car seat or a booster seat at this age. Accidents remain the
major cause of death and disability at this age. Any person riding a bike should wear a
helmet. Preschoolers should never be given a potentially dangerous item to handle.

TOP: Injury Prevention KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Safety and Infection Control
18. The nurse explains that the best definition of a stranger that the preschooler should be
taught is that:
a. A stranger is a grown man
b. A stranger is someone who is odd-looking
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-7
c. A stranger is someone you do not know

d. All strangers are potentially dangerous
ANS: C
The child should be taught that a stranger is someone he or she does not know. In this
way, the child will not accept rides, candy, or any item from a stranger. The child will not
talk to a stranger in a car.

TOP: Injury Prevention KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
19. In order to prevent poisoning, the nurse reminds parents of preschoolers to:
a. Label poisons when put in household containers
b. Continue to keep medications out of reach
c. Tell children which items are poisonous
d. Rely on childproof lids to prevent access to medications
ANS: B
Poisons should never be put in household containers. Labeling will not help children this
age, because they cannot read. Medications should still be kept out of reach. Parents
should not rely solely on childproof lids to keep children from obtaining access to
medications.

TOP: Poisoning Prevention KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Safety and Infection Control
20. Preschool children engage in preoperational thinking. This means that:

a. Children cannot think in terms of operations
b. Children no longer believe in magical powers
c. Children base their reasoning on what is implied
d. Children no longer demonstrate symbolic functioning
ANS: A
Children at this age are not able to think in terms of operations or logically relate events
to each other. Children believe in magical powers and base their reasoning on what they
can see and hear.

TOP: Theories of Development KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
21. A new parent tells the home health nurse that she does not believe in disciplining young
children as she feels that it diminishes their creativity. The nurse counsels that discipline
has a very important developmental purpose, which is:
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-8
a. To establish the parent as an authority figure

b. To create a sense of respect for the parent
c. To make the child fearful of the results of unacceptable behavior
d. To gradually shift control from the parent to the child
ANS: D
Discipline has the main purpose of shifting behavior control from the parent to the child,
that is, to promote self-discipline.

TOP: Discipline KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
22. When a distressed parent tells the home health nurse that her 3-year-old has hit and
pinched the new infant, the nurse’s best advice would be for the parent to:
a. Pinch the child to show how the baby feels
b. Punish the child for the aggressive behavior
c. Keep the two children separated at all times
d. Say, “I feel unhappy when you try to hurt the baby.”
ANS: D
The use of an “I message” helps the child identify the consequences of the aggressive
behavior.

TOP: Sibling Rivalry KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
23. The nurse advises the parent of a 4-year-old who is having frequent nightmares that to
best help diminish the child’s fright, the parent should:
a. Sleep in the room with the child for a few nights
b. Supply a night-light to help orient the child when he or she awakens
c. Remind the child that “big” kids aren’t afraid of a dream
d. Make certain that the child has gone to the bathroom prior to going to bed
ANS: B
A night light is helpful to allay nightmares in young children

TOP: Night Terrors KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
24. The nurse recognizes the characteristic of egocentrism when she hears a 4-year-old say:
a. “I am cold.”
b. “The ocean is for me to wade in.”
c. “I am the mighty Superman.”
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-9
d. “I can jump higher than this house.”

ANS: B
Egocentrism is the characteristic of the preschooler who defines the world from his own
point of view.

TOP: Egocentrism KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
25. The nurse explains to the embarrassed parents that bad language in the preschooler is:
a. Frequently an indication of insecurity
b. Inevitable, and usually a bid for attention from the parents
c. An indicator of faulty language development
d. Used to threaten people in the child’s environment
ANS: B
Bad language is inevitable and is usually a bid for attention or an attempt to shock the
adults.

TOP: Bad Language KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
26. The behavior that would alert a nurse to possible sexual abuse of a preschool age child
would be:
a. Masturbation
b. Pulling down the underpants and showing the genitals
c. Extreme modesty
d. Talking about his or her body parts
ANS: C
Extreme modesty may be a behavior that suggests possible sexual abuse. Masturbation,
exposing themselves, and talking about their body parts are all normal aspects of
preschoolers.

TOP: Sexual Abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of
Disease
COMPLETION
1. When the child says, “The trees go to sleep in the winter,” the nurse recognizes this as an
example of ____________.
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-10
ANS:
Animism
Animism is the tendency to attribute life to inanimate objects.

TOP: Animism KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
2. The nurse explains that preschool children who are pretending that the dining room chair
is an airplane are demonstrating ____________.
ANS:
Symbolic functioning
Symbolic functioning occurs when children can create a mental image for something that
is not really there.

TOP: Symbolic Functioning KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. The nurse makes a poster showing methods of effective discipline for preschoolers,
which are: (Select all that apply.)
a. Time out
b. Spanking
c. Modeling desired behavior
d. Withholding privileges
e. Rewarding “good” behavior
ANS: A, C, D, E
Using time outs, modeling desired behavior, withholding privileges, and rewarding
“good” behavior are all effective discipline methods. Spanking has been cited by the
Academy of Pediatrics as an ineffective method.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 151-152 OBJ: 2

TOP: Methods of Discipline KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Implementation
2. Factors a parent should consider when selecting a preschool include: (Select all that
apply.)
a. Teacher/student ratio
b. Nearness to home
c. Adequacy of the physical facility
of Elsevier Inc.
Testbank 8-11
d. Amount of outdoor play equipment

e. Educational preparation of teachers
ANS: A, C, E
The number of children to teachers is important in terms of adequacy of supervision.
Adequacy of the facility and the educational level of the teachers are also important
factors in the decision.

TOP: Preschool Considerations KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
3. The nurse is aware that a delay in language development may be caused by: (Select all
that apply.)
a. Hearing loss
b. Severe allergies
c. Mental retardation
d. A learning disability
e. An emotional disturbance
ANS: A, C, D, E
Language delay may be caused by hearing loss, mental retardation, a learning disability,
or an emotional disturbance. A preschooler should have an adequate vocabulary and
speak in sentences.

TOP: Language Retardation KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
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Chapter 08: The Preschool Child

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 146 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 149 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 151 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 151 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 151-152 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 152 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 153 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 153 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 153 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 155 OBJ: 3

11. Select the statement about play that is true:

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 155 OBJ: 4

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 154 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 155 OBJ: 4

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 157 OBJ: 5

d. Riding a rocking horse

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 158 OBJ: 5

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 158 OBJ: 4

17. The statement pertaining to injury to a preschooler that is correct is:

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 159 OBJ: 6

c. A stranger is someone you do not know

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 160 OBJ: 6

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 160 OBJ: 6

20. Preschool children engage in preoperational thinking. This means that:

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 146 OBJ: 2

a. To establish the parent as an authority figure

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 152 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 153 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 155 OBJ: 2

d. “I can jump higher than this house.”

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 146 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 153 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 153 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 148 OBJ: 1

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 146 OBJ: 2

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 151-152 OBJ: 2

d. Amount of outdoor play equipment

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 156 OBJ: 3

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 154 OBJ: 2

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