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AESTHETICS
REPORT
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GLOSSARY
INTRODUCTION CONTENTS
Facial Proportions 7
This approach makes the report's findings less Facial Width to Height 7
subjective where recommendations and Transverse Proportions 8
observations may vary from person to person. Vertical Proportions 8
However, it should be noted that there are Facial Symmetry 9
Recommendations 9
some limitations to the studies used throughout
the report and the recommendations Orbital and Periocular 10
throughout should be taken only as empirical Eyebrow 10
guidelines and not entirely precise Canthal Tilt 11
measurements. Eyelid Exposure 11
Dentofacial Assessment 12
Limitations
Midface Anteroposterior 13
Malar Prominence 13
This report does have numerous limitations that
need to be taken into account. For one it's not Lip Assessment 13
possible for the QOVES team to ensure the Lip morphology 13
subject is maintaining a Neutral Head Position. Maxillary Dental Midline 14
This may influence submental and under jaw
Profile Assessment 15
measurements significantly. Another issue is Jaw Side profile 15
lighting, camera quality and shadows which Gonial Angle 15
may influence the qualitative assessments by Submental Region 15
'ageing' the face unfavourably. Also, a proper
assessment would require radio-cephalographs Closing Recommendations 16
to better determine underlying dentofacial
References 17
structure. These are not available and the
QOVES team would like to reiterate that this Appendix 19
report is not a medical diagnosis.
PAGE | 05 QOVES STUDIO
CEPHALOMETRIC
VARIABILITY
This section of the report contains the raw data Facial averageness is one of the 4 holistic
from measured the following cephalometric indicators for determining facial attractiveness,
parameters as defined by Farkas 1994 and with averageness, sexual dimorphism,
Powell 1984. Certain measurements were youthfulness and symmetry, all being equally
omitted as they proved redundant in the overall important. Research shows that the most
recommendation. The purpose of this section is average values are often the most aesthetic
to test for facial 'averageness,' using ones.
established scientific values.
CEPHALOMETRIC
AVERAGENESS
With some parameters, it's beneficial to be above average or
away from the norm to achieve that 'model tier' look, while
for others a sizable deviation can exponentially hurt the
subject's aesthetic harmony. This face had several
cephalometric deviations, being shorter and narrower (-4%
and -5% deviation respectively) than the average female
Asian face. From an aesthetic standpoint, as to be seen,
subtle contour changes will further enhance the dimorphic
attractiveness.
FACIAL
PROPORTIONS
Facial width to height is one of the facial The subject's physiognomical height to width ratio
proportions that have been found to (Face Golden Ratio) came to be 1.33. This is near the
correlate with social perceptions of 1.30 average indicating it is a mesoprosopic
trustworthiness and aggressiveness (proportionately tall and wide) roughly diamond-
(Carre et al 2008). In other words, we shaped face (Facial Index 88%). Prasad & Shubhnita
primarily determine if someone is a friend 2019 found that mesoprosopic faces (Facial Index 85-
or foe by this ratio upon first meeting 89.9) were most attractive in males and females
them. Shorter faces (175mm; Average followed by leptoprosopic and euryprosopic patterns.
183mm) with relatively narrow widths,
such as the subject's, tend to be seen as Bi-zygomatic width is 75% of the vertical face height
more submissive and juvenile. performing at the upper margin of the expected 70-
75% average range.
Bi-temporal to bi-zygomatic proportion measured
within the ideal 80-85% at 83%, indicating the upper
third is not wide, and harmonize with the middle third
for a diamond-shaped face. Ideally, the temple width
should taper inwards from the midface to emphasize
the cheekbones which is the case here.
Bi-gonial to bi-zygomatic proportion measured at
81% which is beyond the expected 70-75% (Naini et al
2008), detracting from an ideal heart/diamond-
shaped face.
Transverse Proportions
A well proportioned face can be divided by the
rule of fifths, where each subdivision is one eye
width apart. This is a commonly used technique
in art anatomy to help 'set out' facial features
when sketching.
Facial
. Symmetry
Facial symmetry is one of the main tenets From the symmetry diagram, it is clear to see that one
of facial attractiveness. Here, the subject side of the face is better formed than the other. These
was tested for left-right symmetry by a asymmetrical features might not be noticeable to the
simple flip of the image taken through the average person. The method of blending the two
facial midline. morphs was taken from Rhodes et al 1999.
The eyes are the windows to the soul and A) The subject's eyebrow is slightly longer at
coincidentally, one of the first thing people the nasal end in proportion to the nose alars
notice. An undesirable eye area can very (nose wings) indicated by the orange circle.
quickly detract from overall attractiveness and
change social perceptions. B) For ideal eye aesthetics, the apex or peak
point of the eyebrow should lie in the middle of
Eyebrow the iris and the lateral canthus (lateral eye
corner). For this subject, the eyebrow peak is in
The positioning of the eyebrow in both men and the near-ideal position i.e. the peak of the
women is a common indicator of youth. As eyebrow is in the middle of the lateral eye
aging decreases skin elasticity and periorbital corner and iris. That being said, her eyebrows
muscles weaken, the eyebrow tends to sag lack uniformity in the density of hair which is
downwards. undesirable.
Canthal Tilt
Eyelid Exposure
DENTOFACIAL
ASSESSMENT
Midface Anteroposterior
This segment analyzes the midface features as a The forward development of the subject can
result of maxillary and malar development. The be more quantifiably assessed by
subject's eyes have no scleral show which is desirable constructing a facial vertical line from the
as it makes the eyes appear dominant and typically nasion downwards.
indicates adequate maxillary/orbital support. Orbital
bone support stops a contour depression forming in
the under-eye region, which would otherwise make
the eyes appear bulging. The subject's undereye
region does not have a contour depression, which is
beneficial to her looks.
Malar Prominence
The malar region (cheekbones) can be dimorphic facial shape. As discussed in the facial
evaluated for their prominence and position symmetry analysis, the right symmetry had a
using Powell Et al's method by constructing facial outline closer to the diamond shape face,
parallel points of intersection. This is used to however, the left side of her midface needs a
define if the most prominent part of the sharp incline to the chin to make a
cheekbone, the zygoma, or zygomatic arches proportionate diamond-shaped face.
are in the correct position, heavily influencing
face shape. Higher, more outwardly lateral
cheekbones are perceived as sophisticated due Lip Assessment
to their almost exclusive emphasis on high-
fashion modeling and produce the highly The lips are an important factor in human facial
sought-after diamond/heart face shape. expression and play a significant role in facial
aesthetics. The lips are more of a pivotal point
on women than on men.
Lip Morphology
Fig 15: Undefined inferior mandible (jaw outline) Fig 16: Submental Region. Ideal: 50-75mm
and a more masculine gonial angle.
PAGE | 16 QOVES STUDIO
CLOSING
RECOMMENDATIONS
This subject has a soft, juvenile, feminine face. Her As mentioned, the jaw gonion is highly
face shows considerable proportion and harmony masculine. A reduction mandibuloplasty
for the most part, although there are some regions procedure for feminine jaw contouring is one of
that could benefit from cosmetic changes and will the many surgical options for achieving a
make it stand out. That being said, aside from a rounded, downward inclined feminine jaw
few deviations that can be corrected, the subject is gonion. In doing so, the slight asymmetry in the
considerably blessed to have a koinophillic face. jaw inclination on both sides of the face can be
improved for an ideal diamond-shaped face.
In the front profile, the subject's face is roughly
diamond-shaped with prominent cheekbones and a As seen in the fig 3 morph, the nasal tip
short, narrow upper third which is desirable, morphology was significantly improved. The
although, for an ideal diamond-shaped face, the length of the nasal bridge was slightly raised,
lower jaw is slightly wider and the jaw gonion is the dorsal surface of the nose was made
masculine. The vertical height of the palpebral smooth, and slightly concave in the proximal
fissure is significantly reduced due to the greater third. For an aesthetic forehead to nasal tip
than average height of the upper tarsal plates, contour, the forehead and the glabella were
giving her visibly droopy eyes which is a major rounded. Correcting the nasal tip morphology
cosmetic flaw. Blepharoplasty is a surgical considerably enhanced her facial aesthetics in
procedure that can remove and reposition the soft the side profile. Thus, keeping in view the risk-
tissue of the upper eyelid (skin, muscle, benefit and cost-effect ratio, a rhinoplasty
subcutaneous fat), reducing the height of the procedure is recommended as it will address
upper tarsal plates and raising the upper eyelid to the majority of concerns regarding the nose
increase the height of the palpebral fissure (eye- profile. Dermal fillers can do well in slight
opening). As per our assessment, a 3mm raise of contouring of the nasofrontal and lower
the upper eyelid is required for near-ideal height of forehead region for an ideal S-curve.
the palpebral fissures.
Also, dermal fillers, neurotoxins (Botox), and fat
The under chin region has significant room for grafts can do well in the undereye region as
improvement. Though the under chin skin contour well as for soft tissue aging changes like
is sharp and lacks sagging dermal fat tissue, the nasojugal lines, nasolabial folds, and the subtle
low lying cervical point is a visible aesthetic flaw marionette creases. This will reduce the
that has caused a decrease in the submental puffiness and protect against further sag of
length. Surgical manipulation of the soft tissue of soft tissue. For periocular discoloration,
the neck is a viable cosmetic solution. This requires caffeine and antioxidants such as oral and
submental and occipital incisions to transect topical supplements of Glutathione, Vitamin E,
platysma muscle at the cricoid cartilage and and Vitamin C can help stimulate blood
remove the subplatysmal fat and the digastric circulation, shrink blood vessels, and reduce
muscles for a posteriorly positioned, aesthetically liquid retention beneath the soft skin of the
high cervical point. undereye region.
PAGE | 17 QOVES STUDIO
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PAGE | 19 QOVES STUDIO
APPENDIX
APPENDIX
APPENDIX
APPENDIX