What Is MIS?

• Development and
Management use of information
Information systems
• Achieving business
Systems goals and objectives

Goal of MIS
Aligning the IS to achieve business
goals and objectives

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

What is MIS?

l MIS = Management Information Systems

l MIS is the development and use of
information systems that help businesses
achieve goals and objectives
l Key elements of MIS:

l Development and use

l Information systems
l Business goals and objectives

See the video explanation

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Why Is Introduction to MIS Important in the Business
School?

Future business professionals need to be able

to assess, evaluate, and apply emerging
information technology to business

Knowledge gained in this course will help you

attain that skill

Your only job security is a marketable skill

and courage to use it

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

MIS Manager

l The MIS manager runs

the MIS department.
l The MIS manager must
be comfortable with both
computer technology and
the organization’s
business.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Development and Use of
Information Systems
Business professionals need to:
Take an active role in IS to ensure
that systems meet their needs

Understand how IT systems are

constructed

Consider users’ needs during

development

Learn how to use IT systems

Take into account ancillary IT

functions (security, backups)
SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
Five-Component Framework of an Information System

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Information technology, information systems, and work
systems

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Functions of an Information System

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Contemporary Approach of IS :
(1) TECHNICAL
- computer science, management
science, operational research

(2) BEHAVIORAL
- system utilization, implementation,
creative design
- Discipline : sociology, psychology,
economics
SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
 CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES TO INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Technical
Approaches
Computer Operations
Science Research

Management Sociology
Science

Psychology Economics
Behavioral
Approaches
SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
Conceptual Framework of IS
Knowledge

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Roles of IS in Business

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

The Interdependence Between Organizations and
Information Systems

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

How Does IT Differ from IS?

IT includes:
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Data components

Information technology refers to:

1. Methods
2. Inventions
3. Standards
4. Products

IT could be thought of as “information tools.”

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
How Does IT Differ from IS? (cont’d)

l IT alone will not help an organization

achieve goals
l You can’t build a house with tools alone.
It takes people, procedures, and
instructions.
l IS = IT plus people and procedures

l IS makes IT useful

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
How Do Successful Business Professionals Use IS?

l Think creatively about problems, challenges,

and opportunities and find ways to apply IT and
IS
l Create innovative applications using emerging
(new) technologies
l Find ways to gain a competitive advantage with
information systems

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Classic Management Functions

l Historically, managers have had these main

functions:
l Planning
l Organizing
l Staffing
l Directing
l Controlling

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Planning

l Managers devise both

short-range and long-
range plans for the
organization and set
goals to achieve those
plans.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Organizing

l Managers must
decide how to
use resources,
such as people
and materials.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Staffing

l Managers must
hire and train
workers.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Directing

l Managers guide
employees to perform
their work in a way
that supports the
organization’s goals.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Controlling

l Managers monitor
the organization’s
progress toward
reaching its goals.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Classic Management Pyramid

Top-level
Strategic
managers

Middle-level
managers Tactical

Low-level
managers Operational

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

 WHY INFORMATION SYSTEMS?

Management

Levels:
l Senior managers: make long-range strategic
decisions about products and services

l Middle managers: Carry out the programs

and plans of senior management

l Operational managers: monitor the firm’s

daily activities
SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
Strategic Level Management

l This level of
management
focuses on the
planning functions
of the organization.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Tactical Level Management

l At this level,
management
focuses on
organizing and
staffing to carry out
the visions of top-
level managers.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Operational Level Management

l The focus of this level of

management is on
directing and controlling
workers to perform the
planned activities.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

New Management Model

l Many industries are finding that they can do

without middle managers.
l For these businesses, communication that
was once carried out by middle managers
has been replaced by computer networks.
l The result has been a flattened management
pyramid.

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

Flattened Management Pyramid

Top-level
Strategic
managers

Low and
Middle-level Tactical
managers

Workers Operational
SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
 TOWARD THE DIGITAL FIRM
The Widening Scope of Information Systems

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

EVOLUTION OF IS :
50’s - EDP (Electronic Data Processing)

60’s - MIS (Management Information System)

70’s - DSS (Decision Support System)

& OAS (Office Automation System)

80’s - Information as Strategic Tool

& EUC (End User Computing)

90’s & 2000’s - INTEGRATION

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
Trends in Information Systems

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

IMPACT OF IS :
(1) Organizations - people & culture influence
IS

(2) Technology – appropriate use of machine

and technologies

(3) Management – solve business problems

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

 TOWARD THE DIGITAL FIRM

New Options for Organizational Design

l Flattening organizations

l Separating work from location

l Reorganizing work-flows

l Increasing flexibility

l Redefining organizational boundaries

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

 TOWARD THE DIGITAL FIRM

Flattening Organizations & Information Systems

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

 TOWARD THE DIGITAL FIRM

Redesigned Work Flow For Insurance Underwriting

Text

long process or complicates proces we simplifiy or shrtened it - STREAMLINE

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong

CHALLENGES OF IS :
(1) Technology Challenge
- HW & SW gap
- HW & SW business races
(2) Productivity Challenge
- increase productivity and growth in
computing power
(3) Strategic Business Challenge
- fast responses / change quickly
- How can we stay on top ?
- aware of what’s new and what’s hot in the
business SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong
CHALLENGES OF IS :

(4) People Challenge

- interrelationship between human and
technology
- ethical issues
- HCI (Human Computer Interaction)

(5) IS Investment Challenge

SISBUSI Course Notes of Dr. H. Ong