NATURAL SCIENCE

Natural science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and
prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.

Modern scientific study is carefully divided into three major disciplines, namely Physical Sciences, Life
Sciences, and Earth sciences which are also the key elements of the all-encompassing realm of Natural Sciences

Natural Sciences is the overall name given to the many branches of science that study the
nature of our physical world and the universe.

BRANCHES OF NATURAL SCIENCES

The 3 main branches of Natural Sciences are:

 Physics: the Study of Universe

 Chemistry: the Study of Matter

 Biology: the Study of Life and Living Organisms.

Natural science can be divided into two main branches: life science and physical science. Life science is
alternatively known as biology, and physical science is subdivided into
branches: physics, chemistry, earth science, and astronomy.

These branches of natural science may be further divided into more specialized branches (also known as
fields). As empirical sciences, natural sciences use tools from the formal sciences, such
as mathematics and logic, converting information about nature into measurements which can be
explained as clear statements of the "laws of nature".[2]

Physical science

Physical science is a term given to the branches of natural sciences that investigate non-living
systems.

 Physics

Physics is a branch of natural science that focuses on understanding how the universe works. It
deals with the study of matter and its motion through spacetime. It also studies things like
energy and force.

 Chemistry

Chemistry is a branch of natural science that studies the science of matter and the changes it
goes through. The science of matter is not exclusive to chemistry, as it is also studied by
physics. However, physics takes a more general and rudimentary approach to the science of
matter, whilst chemistry is more specialized. Chemistry focuses on the composition, behaviour,
structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes that happen to it during chemical
reactions.

There are 5 main sub-disciplines of chemistry include:

Organic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry and

Biochemistry.

 Earth science

Earth science, which is also called geoscience, is an umbrella term for all of the sciences
concerning planet earth. There exist both reductionist and holistic approaches to earth
sciences. The formal discipline of earth sciences also includes the study of the atmosphere,
hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, as well as the actual earth.

Generally speaking, scientists will use tools from physics, chemistry, biology, geography,
chronology, and mathematics to study earth science. This allows them to build a quantitative
understanding of how the Earth works, and how it has evolved to where it is now.

 Geology

Geology is a branch of earth science that deals with the solid earth and the processes by which
it changes and transforms over time. The study of the solid features of any terrestrial planet or
natural satellite, such as Mercury, Venus, or the Moon, is also included in geology.

 Oceanography

As the name suggests, oceanography, also known as marine science, is a branch of earth
science that studies the ocean. Oceanography includes many topics in its studies, such as
marine organisms and ecosystem dynamics, ocean currents, waves, plate tectonics, the
geology of the seafloor and more. Often, scientists studying oceanography use tools from other
disciplines like biology, chemistry, geology, meteorology, physics, and even geography to
further understand the ocean.

 Astronomy

Astronomy, also known as space science, is the name given to the study of everything in outer
space. The reason astronomy is often referred to as ‘space science’ is because, in recent
years, astronomy has come to take on new meaning. Astronomy is now seen by many as a
subsection of broader space science, which includes other related fields. These fields include
space travel, space exploration, space medicine, space archaeology, and science performed in
outer space.

LIFE SCIENCE
Biology
Life science, also known as biology, is a branch of natural science that studies life like microorganisms,
plants, animals, and human beings. As part of its studies, life science, or biology, looks at the physical
structure, chemical processes, molecular interactions, physiological mechanisms, development, and
evolution of these living organisms.
 Ecology

Ecology is a branch of biology that deals with interactions among organisms and their
biophysical environment. As part of ecology, topics like biodiversity, distribution, biomass, and
populations of organisms, are studied, as well as collaboration and rivalry within and between
species.

Other branches of natural science are:

Biochemistry, Microbiology, Botany, Zoology and Meteorology.

Biological Sciences
Any of the branches of natural science dealing with living things, such as their structure,
behavior, organization, life processes, as well as their interactions with each other and with
the natural environment. It includes biology and other related terms.

A Biological Sciences will allow you to explore areas of biochemistry, biomedicine, cell biology, conservation,

ecology, genetics, microbiology, pathobiology and physiology.

Biology is the study of living organisms and their interactions with the living environment. It is also
known as biological sciences. The word biology comes from Greek terminology where bios means life and
logous means study. It is a natural science with a wide range of scope.

DIFFERENCE B/W BIOLOGY AND BIOLOGY SCIENCE

In Biology, we learn about life, the Origin of life, evolution, different scientists, diseases, organisms and many other
aspects related to life on planet earth.

Life Science is a group of advanced biology. Life science is also called biological Science.
Biology Vs Life Science or biological science – The Major Difference

Biology Life Science

It is a broad-based course. It comprises all fields of science.

It is a natural science. It is a scientific study of life and organisms.

It is a core subject. It is more fundamental and applied science.

It helps in delivering a necessary It helps in understanding the topics at

foundation about the different concepts. molecular and cellular levels.

The sub-disciplines of biology are zoology, The sub-disciplines of life science are
botany, etc. immunology, molecular biology, etc.

Scope of Biological Science

The first and foremost important field of biology is medicine. The environment, with its temperature change,
pressure change and the variety of microorganisms, can give diseases which need to be cured.

The agricultural study is a field of biology that helps in maintaining the quality and quantity of crops.

Genetic engineering is a rising field of biotechnology where recombinant DNA is produced to improve the genome
of an organism.

Biochemistry is related to the study of the chemical history of macromolecules and cellular processes etc.
Why we study Biological Sciences?
A Biological Sciences degree gives you the chance to explore the nature of life while expanding
your skills, with the potential to go into many career areas.

Career-specific skills:

 Detailed subject knowledge along with practical lab skills and experience in field work

 You may also have gained experience from a placement with an industrial company

Transferable skills:

 Collaboration

 Communication

 Critical and analytical thinking

 IT skills and digital literacy

 Organisation

 Presentations

 Report writing

 Research

 Time management