UNIT @ Passives and causatives — ‘When we don't know who does/did something The car was stolen at approximately 1.30 am. ‘When it's obvious who does/did something, Having been introduced in 1988, the Road Traffic Act regulates all vehicle use on UK roads. ‘When it's not important who does/did something | The XL500 was designed with young families in mind, so there’s plenty of roomin the boot. To emphasise new information This type of submarine was developed during the Second World War by the {which appears atte end ofthe sentence) | Americans. ‘To avoid starting clauses with long expressions | We were surprised by the number of people trying to leave the city for the fong weekend. {More natural than The number of people trying to leave the city for the long weekend surprised us) To produce a formal style All passengers are required to present their ticket to the inspector. C= Form Common verbs Example ‘noun + verb in passive form + infinitive agree, assume, believe, claim, Tourism is expected to become a / perfect infttive consider, estimate, expect, feel, major part of the country’s economy. fin, uaa, ko, edn, ‘There + verb in passive form + infatve presume, regard, repor, $2y, There are reported to have been 7 perfec nitive Suppose, thnk, understand record number of accidents onthe roads this year. t+ verb in passive form + that clause accept, agree, argue, assume, ij, ‘befeve, calculate, claim, consider, t #8 thought that the new railway will estimate, expect, feel, know, provide employment opportunities for presume, report, say, suggest, focal people. Scppose, thnk, understand | Direct and indirect object ] EU ur eae ad ‘Some verbs in active sentences can be followed by both a direct and an indirect object (usually a person). Common verbs include: bring, buy, get, give, leave, lend, make, offer, owe, pass, pay, promise, refuse, send, show, take, teach, tel, wie, ete. ‘There are two possible passive forms. Active sentence: Michael gave the plane tickets to Ji With indirect abject as subject of passive verb | Jill was given the plan fckets (by Michael) With direct object as subject of passive verb _| The plane tickets were given to il (by Michael B - intne second structure inthe table above, we sometimes omit he preposition before indirect object pronouns, 7 Sharon's RallsRoyce was lft to herby her granather. i + With the verbs explain and suggest, the preposton bef indirect object pronouns canna be omited. They canot De used wih heist sbuctre inthe tate above A a hie exploined howto-drive-the tein 12 Howto drive the tain was explained me 7 How to drive the rain was explained to me. 54—_———_————————— eee asses and eusaties Unit 7 Certs ‘The passive is not normaly used wit verbs in the present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous, future continous or future perfect continuous tenses. Various prepositional phrases are used to avid the passive in these tenses, including the following. in progress _x-Preporations forthe fight willbe being made as the President anves-at the airport. 7 Preparations forthe fight will be in progress as the President arives at the airport. in raining A Atte end of thi ing-trained-25-2 plot orfour-years: 7 Atte end of this year, Iwill have been in training as 2 pilot for four years. on display 7 Mntage-cars-have-been-being displayed in-the town centre-al ths-week- Vintage cars have been on display in the town centre a this week. under consideration | x By-the time they-carne-to-2-decision the problem-had been belng-considered for some time, + By the time they came to a decision, the problem had been under consideration for some time. Under construction | x The-new-raiway-station-has-bean-boing-built for two-years-noW 7 The new railway station has been under construction for two years now. ‘Some verbs are not usually used inthe passive. They include intransitive verbs such as appear, arrive, ce, etc. ‘+ Many verbs used stativey are also not usually used in the passive. They include consist, deserve, fi, have, lack, look, ‘mind, realise, resemble, seem, sui, et. + The verb etis not used in the passive when it means ‘alow’, although phrasal verbs with let can be used in the passive Alce was clearly guilty, but she was let off with a warning. + Some verbs can be followed by the bare infinitive (without to) n active sentences. They are followed by the full infinitive in passive sentences. These verbs include hear, hel, make and see, 7 We heard Jim say he was going to Albania, (active) Jim was heard to say he was going to Albania. (passive) Coes Actions we arrange for other people to do for us Did you finally get your bike fixed? Things we experience (usually negative and not intended) | Iheard that Susie had her motorbike stolen. B+ ingenera, gets more informa than have in causative structures. + We can use othe verbs instead of gt and have wih a causative meaning. They nde need, want and woud te. 3 1a ke those cars washed by tis even, please '* The structure get sth done can also mean ‘finish doing something’ WR eset son ace gor te cr Bro. Causative: get sb to do / have sb do ‘Actions we make somebody/something do for us Did you get Alex to drive you all the way to London? Causative: get/have sb doing Actions we make somebody/something start doing Don't worry. We'll soon have your car running fike new. Bi - tos ote te, we ot stow vn doef a acon age napster cout omic. Wie we ‘want to refer to the agent, we use by. i % We shoud get the car looked at by aprfessonal '* When we want to refer to materials or instruments used in a passive or causative sentence, we use with. a 1 The ene is started with a spec electronic card wstead of 3 Ky ‘We use other prepositions after some past participles that are used ike adjectives. Lam frightened of driving on motorways. My car is covered in dit. 5S——_—_—_—_———— Unit 7 Grammar A Ifthe verb in bold is correct, put a tick. If itis incorrect, rewrite it correctly. Could you tell me where your passport was been issued? ‘When the winning actor was finaly announced, a big cheer went up, Has your business trip to Calcutta next week confirmed by the Indian office? Everyone who was been invited to the wedding came. ‘The wire coat hanger invented in 1903 by a Mr Parkhouse. - The issue has discussed in Parliament yesterday, but no decisions were taken. By the time we get there, the problem should have been sorted out. Britain was be invaded by the Romans under Emperor Claudius in 43 AD. The party had been planned months in advance, but we stil had problems. - 10 Aer be treated, | was allowed to leave the hospital. 11. We boarded the ship and were showing to our cabin by a steward. 12. The new supermarket is to be opened by an actor from a soap opera. COV TMRweNH B_ Write a verb from the box in the correct passive form in each gap. allow * ask * find * give * know * light * make * meet * show © write 1 The stolen items in the attic of an empty house last week. 2 When the openvair cinema opens, the first film will be Vertigo. 3 Questions... in Parliament about the Minister's business interests. 4 We're looking forward to 2 guided tour of the whole factory. 5. Just imagine that when these words .......- . Europeans had not yet discovered America. 6 Once the barbecue » well be able to start cooking. 7 Before to see the invention, had to agree not to tell anyone. 8 | would realy lke at the airport, if that's possible. 9 It. very clear to us that we weren't welcome. 10. Gareth says he's always wanted ‘as someone with a good sense of humour. fe the correct word or phrase. 1 Global warming is thought to be caused / is caused by pollution 2 There are to be estimated / are estimated to be about 5,400 different species of mammals. 3 tis to be reported / has been reported that gunshots have been heard in the city centre, 4. The escaped prisoner is believed to use / to have used a rope to climb the wall. 5 Itis to be calculated / is calculated that about 60% of a man's body mass is water. 6 Over 200 people are being understood / are understood to have been injured in the explosion. 7 Itis considered impolite in some cultures to be eaten / to eat with your left hand. 8 There mean / were meant to have been 60 crates of olives in the order, not 600! 9 It/ There has been suggested that people who don't recycle should pay more tax. (0. Your order is guaranteed will be delivered / to be delivered within three working days. 86—— Pasahes and eausaties Unit 7 D Each sentence contains one verb in the wrong form. Underline the incorrect word or phrase and rewrite it correctly. T Heathrow Airport, near London, has called the world's busiest international airport and the 68 milion passengers who are processed each year would probably agree. 2 The land on which the airport stands sold to Fairey Aviation by the local vicar and was used for test fights during the 1930s, under the name Great Western Aerodrome. 3. n 1944, the sport was handed overt the government and was developed for cvan use, was named after a small vilage that was removed to create space, Heath Row. 4 The first concrete slab of the modern runways was laid by Queen Elizabeth lin 1953, and the frst terminal building, which has later renamed Terminal 2, was opened two years later. 5 The Londen Underground was extended to reach Hentrow n 1977, meancg hat passengers coud be transport from central London via the Piccadily Line in just under an hour. 6 Four passenger terminals and a cargo terminal have been constructed and permission was been granted for a fith passenger terminal in 2001 7 Ithas been suggested that a new airport, which would lead to Heathrow being retired over a period of 20 years, has been built on a floating island in the Thames, although no firm plans have been drawn up. E Complete the sentences describing each situation using the phrase given. 1 {started training to be an accountant six months ago. I've got six more months to go, and then | have to take ‘exams. (in training) By the time | take my exams, ssn. 2 The council have been thinking for some time of redeveloping the city centre. (under consideration) The redevelopment of the city centre — 3. Theyve been having discussions on the issue for over two weeks. (in progress) Discussions on the issue .. 4 This weekend, the local Art Society wil be cispayng ther atest works a the tary. on display) The local Art Societys latest work: 5. George seems to have been puting his website together for along time. under construction} George's website .. F If the word or phrase in bold is correct, put a tick. If it is incorrect, rewrite it correctly. Hannah: ... and that was that, really. Anyway, what about your new car? Tell me about that. is (Oh, what a nightmare! We had to have it repaired twice! (1). Oh, no! What happened? ‘Alison: Well, we got delivered it to our house on Monday morning. (2) Hannah: Right. ‘Azon: We decided thave it check stright away, because ithad come a the way from Amer, Oh I didnt know you'd had them do that. (4) Yeah, Aryway, we had my dad to havea lok ati. And he found thatthe engine wasn't running propery. Did you have the company to come to fix it? (6) Well, not at first. We got my brother to working on it. (7) Oh, he's very good. bet he soon had running it smoothly. (8) Yes, but we stil ad to get the company come outin he end, because the fuel pump stopped working Terrible! You should get them to give you some compensation. (20). Maybe. Oh, is that the time? Listen, give me a call... 8758 H_ Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentenc G Complete each sentence using the noun in bold and an appropriate causative form of the verb in bold. 1 Ifyou don't understand, runs itto you again after the lesson. (your teacher / explain) 2 Iwas a bit depressed, but watching my kitten play with a ball of wool soon... much better. (me / feel) 3. Don't bother redecorating yourself it. (a professional / do) 4 svnnnsnnns Wa 80 annoying because it meant I had to take the tube to work. (our car / steal) 5 Youwor't learn as much if you .» you with your homework all the time, (your parents / help) 6 The concert started quietly, but the band soon . to their hit songs. (us all / dance) 7. Tell Gordon yourself DOW try wns nnnsnnsnnnna your dirty work for you! (me / do) 8 Have you thought abott..... I as short as mine? (your hair / cut) 91 sonsmumanannnsesnees M€ HOW t0 juggle with five balls, but | stil couldn't do it. (Karen / show) 10 Have you heard about the problems caused by StUGEMS -....mmnmsnnnnnnnnne by companies ‘on the internet? (their essays / write) word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight including the word given, 1 They mae me wat for over 20 ites onthe phone kept for over 20 minutes on the phone! 2 though oeoce consider Ahly tobe asa, she bays fend tovards eveyone. considered Despite sonuman » AShley's always friendly towards everyone. 3. We have had reports that the Prime Minister is making a surprise visit to Syria. be The Prime Minister snus & Surprise visit to Syria, 4 The manager provided he staf wih ena ang by ns the manager. 5 {Mik someone needs to exasn is comeuter program to me. explaitng I think | Need .senoneones me, 6 They have been building the new stadium for much longer thn they rgnelyestirated, under The new stadium - for much longer than they originally estimated. 7 Do you know why they made Craig stay behind after the lesson? to Do you know Why nn »- behind after the lesson? 8 Call Lionel and ask him to send the reports up to my office. have Call Lionel aN nse os the reports up to my office.1 Choose the correct answer. 1 When Nadine arrived, she S00M snnsnninnnnee at all her jokes. ‘Ahad everyone laughed B had laughing everyone had everyone laughing D had laughed everyone 2. The government must... measures against crime. ‘Abe seen be taking B see to be taking C seen to take D be seen to be taking 3. Mrs Davies asked me to tell you that she would lke .. .~» by Friday at the latest. A the orders sent B sending the orders C that you sent D sent the orders strong, 4 olin & YIM een fancy the idea. ‘Awas suggested me B tome was suggested C.was suggested to me D was suggesting me , but I didnt really 5 There between 4,000 and 6,000 languages in the world, depending on how you count them, Asay tobe B are said that C are said to be D said being J Write one word in each gap. 10 Passives and causaties. Unit 7 | spoke to Victor last night and he says he son While he was on holiday. Ahad stolen his phone B got stolen his phone C was got his phone stolen D had his phone stolen Why didn't you moved house? ‘have Aaron help B have got Aaron help C have Aaron helped D get Aaron help you when you. Profits nw Slightly next year, although ‘we don't predict any job losses. A-expect to fall B are expecting to fall Care expected faling D are expected to fall It’s hard to believe that this film completely by computer. ‘Awas been generating Bhas generated Chas been generated Dwas to generate ‘As soon as Dad ‘Anas the car starting Bihas got the car started C got started the car Dwas got starting the car we can leave. the 24 hours which (2) has t0 (6) on ‘operate, the air enters at supersonic speeds. Ichas (7) difficult to control. Although scientists (9) successfully developed. The scramjet w» transported around the globe in a matter of hours, rather than currently required to get from London to Sydney. Such is the promise of the scramjet, a highly experimental type of engine which has been @) development over the past couple of decades. In a conventional jet engine, Ait (4) ennai sucked into the engine at speeds below the speed of sound, where it is mixed (5) . sm fuel gnited,and the exhaust gases provide thrust. In a scramjet, which taken to supersonic speeds by conventional means before ic will estimated that a scramjet might be capable of traveling at 12-24 times the speed of sound. However, the technology (8) ‘commercial aircraft ae still a long way in the future, and indeed may never (10)... . been found to be extremely had scramjets perform short fights, 5960 foeceer meee 8 OTE see page 229 for definitions discussing or doing something and begin discussing or doing something diferent accelerate rit, re) sink proach v1) eigrate leap vm) skid, 0 ascend iv) fat 1 sarch so W) bounce (vm) flow (0 migrate W) slide clamber (v) fumble (v) paint (vb slip (v) clench sestue 9) punch 9 step (vn) ‘clutch tv) slide (v) ‘refugee (nb stride {v, n) ‘crawl (v) ‘grab {v) ‘roam (v) ‘trip (w) creep (v) grasp (v) roll (v) velocity (n) dash v) hop (v, nb rotate (v) wander (v) descend imeigrant route tn wave 0) eer eed seepage 230 or ditions ain (0 destnaon r) Toad 0) ay cargo () kero) passerby) return fae (np) carige(o) thier pedestrian) round tp ( po charter jv) jet lag (n} ier (n} steer (v) commute) legroom pit vn) stevard i) cordon off stop people from entering an area by putting | move out —_ permanently leave the house or flat where Something suchas 3 fope around t Youve ote place where you have you creep up on move towards someone quietly and slowy, pene specially because you wan to surprise” | move ever change you pasion inorder to make space them for sameone 0 some fall behind move more slowly than other people so that | pullover stop by the side of the road in a car or eee TS aay eee a hs ip away leave secret pre does, Shai fb ac, ‘step aside move so that sb can pass you; leave a jab so 20 astray become lost or go to the wrong place ‘that sb else can take over head off vent someone fom going somewhere by | stop off i re contin getngin ttl tam pee sonetng | P — Seergace swe commnee fom taking place an have one end move uf a hold back stop someone or something tom moving | “PY? yen Sete cemetg ay hes been forwards put at the other end; turn a container upside move in (with) _ start living in a different house or flat (with) ‘down so that the things inside it come out move on leave one place and travel to another; stop | walk out leave a meeting, performance, etc before the end, usvally because you are angry or bored; ‘suddenly leave a relatonship, your family, your job, ete fees ‘back back into sth, back onto sth, back sb (to dob ‘come come to a conclusion/decision/etc, come to power, ‘came into view, come as a shock/etc, come to do sth, ‘come true ‘drive drive (your point) home, drive sb crazy/mad, drive sb to do sth, dive at sth drop drop sth off sth, drop sth into/onta sth, drop sb at, drop ‘hint, drop sb (from a team) {all fail, fallinto (a category), fallin love, fall into place fll short, alto pieces fly fly a flag/kite, fy by, fy open, fy atfe ees follow follow sb's argument/ete, folow suit, flaw sb lead, follow sb's advice, as follows get get going, get somewhere, getil/angry/upsetyetc, get sth we'/dirty/etc, get todo sth, get sb sth, get sth done, Bet sth doing 180 go and do sth, go deat/erey/crazy/bad/ete, go for days/eeks/etc (without sth, go hungry, go without, go todo sth hhead head towards/tor (a place), head a ball, head a ccomvmittee/etc, head a ist jump jump atthe chance (to do}, jump the queue, jump to CConclision, jump the gun ‘move move it, get a move on, folow sb's every move, make ‘a move, on the move point point l/to/towards sth, get tothe point, make a point ‘of doing sth, make your point, miss the pont, at some Point, beside the point, up to a point, a sore point raise raise your hand, raise sth with sb, raise a chld/family, ‘aise b's hopes/expectations, raise a smile, raise your voice, raise an army ‘run run a business/campeign/etc, run rit, run on ‘petro/electrcity/et, run sb a bath, run through sth, run the risk of doing, run ino problems rrush rush to conclusions, do sth in 3 rush, in a rush to-do sth), mad rush, rush Hour, the Christmas/etc rush steady steady yourse, steady your nerves, hold sth steady, steady relabonstip, steady growth, steady look, steady pace track keep track of, lose track of ime/ete, on the wrong ‘rack, on track (to dod ‘urn turn to do sth turn a gurete on sb, turn to sb, turn ‘cald/nasty/etc, tur 40/etc way get in sb's way, know the way, lose your way, get sth ‘ut ofthe way, make way for, inthe way, on the way, in this way, a way of doing, by the way a stone's throw (away/trom) very close (to) SS Morament and transport Unit 8 as the crow flies ina straight tne (used for measuring distance) follow your nose go straightforward, without turing; do what you felis rightin a particular situation, though you are not certain inthe middle of nowhere along way from any town or city lose your bearings become confused about where you are and where other things are make a beeline for 40 towards someone or something in the quickest and most direct way off the beaten track ‘away from populated areas or areas popular with tourists stop dead in your tracks suddenly stop, for example because you are surprised take a short cut to fallow a path thatis quicker and shorter than the usual way take the scenic route follow a longer path than the usual one because itis more attractive access —accessibly,(inlaccessible ‘come overcome, comeback, newcomer, outcome, income, coming, oncoming, incoming g0 undergo, underwent, undergone, frle)go, fortedwent, forielgone, ongoing, outgoing land landing, landed, landless mobile (imimobise, (immobility, mobilisation, immobile ‘motion motionless move mover, movement, (immovable, moving pass passage, imjpassable, passing Progress. progression, progressively) rapid rapidity, rapaly speed sped, speeding, speedy, speedily stable (destabilise, (lstabilty,destabitsation, stabiliser, destabisng, unstable stand withstand, withstood, standing, upstanding, outstanding, notwithstanding steady unsteady, unsteady transit vanson, transitory, ransional, transitional » upper, uppermast, upright, upwards), upwardly élUnit 8 Vocabulary 62 Topic vocabulary: Movement A. Complete using the correct form of the words in the boxes, rasp * point * punch fumble * gesture * grab I vo» My School bag from the table and rushed out of the house, Grace .. sensi her bag for her car Keys and finally found them. ‘A man ran from the burning house, 2 baby in his arms. The 01d MAN ronvnns his finger straight at me and I felt a chill go down my spine, AAs the train left the station, Charlie -~ goodbye. Jamie came home from school wit a black eye because someone had him, | asked Karen where the phone was and without taking her eyes off the TV she lazily in the direction of the kitchen. Lina hr fists tightly in anger but managed to control herself, 9 He ‘my hand firmly and | could see that he was trying to thank me, Moonune © crawl * creep * dash * hop * jog * leap * march * skip © step * stride 10. The burglar very quietly along the corridor, trying not to wake anybody. 1 How long do you think you could sone OF One leg? 12 in the park most mornings because | ike to keep myself in shape. 13, Just this way, sir, and the customer services manager will be with you in a moment. 14 When we heard the nose, We GUIRY round the corner to see what had happened. 15. Before he learnt to walk, my younger brother used 10... sevaee everywhere on all fours. 16 The army {or two days before they came to the outskirts of the city. 17 The speaker onto the stage and smiled confidently at the audience. 18 When he saw me coming, our dog 19 Polly was so happy she over the gate and came to greet me. along the pavement to school, jumping from one foot to the other. drift * roam * wander 20 When the men were finally found, they had been x at sea in a tiny boat for days, 21. Wolves used to this whole are, looking for food 22. Iwas bored so vw» into the centre of town and did a bit of window shopping. skid * slide * sip * trip 23 | didn't see the oil on the floor and | vw OM it 24 This wardrobe is really heavy, but maybe we can it along the ground. 25. I didn't see the step and | von OVE it. 26 The road was wet, so when | pressed the brakes the car... =Movement and wensport_ Unit 8 ig the words in bold in the correct form. . over a rock and looked down into the valley below us. We had . to 6,000 metres above sea level and the air was getting thin. Nick was injured, and I knew we would have to soon to get medical treatment. (ascend, clamber, descend) 2. The pilot held the controls. The engines were dead and the plane was vwnoes towards the airfield. She knew that it she didn’t have the to reach the runway, there was ‘n0 way she could... - She just hoped that the air would continue to ‘over the wings and stop her from snes 100 [OW SH snsrnnininnnnennnnn tH runway with her heart in her throat. (accelerate, approach, flow, glide, sink, velocity) 3. The arctic tern is an incredible bird. tt .. thousands of miles each year, stopping OCCASIONAL £0 ven -»» 08 the ocean to rest. How it remembers the is stil not fully understood. (float, migrate, route) 4 In basketball, you must the ball when you are moving with it. When you take a shot, you should let the ball sun OFF YOUT fingers $0 that it .nnsnsnnnnnnnsnnn iM the ait. That makes it more accurate. (bounce, roll, rotate) 5 Inthe 1950s, many people {rom the West Indies to England. Life was often hard for these , but they eventually became part of British life. Today, Britain also welcomes from parts ofthe world that are affected by war. (emigrate, immigrant, refugee) Topic vocabulary: Transport C Complete using the correct form of the words in the box. airline * cartiage * charter * commute * destination * jet lag * legroom * steward LET THE PLANE TAKE THE STRAIN ‘The railways changed the way we live and work. People started to (1) nnn to work, traveling home in a crowded train (2) von @ACH day. NOW 2 NEW (3) sovrnnnsnnnnnsnnnnin » OFceMaYS, plans to extend the idea and hopes to get more of us taking the plane to work! In the past, getting to work by air was only for the very wealthy, who could afford to (4) a plane or helicopter even if they didn't have their own private jet. Now, Officeways, which travels to (9). throughout Europe, is offering special deals on short trips to business travellers. You might have less (6) . han on the train, but Officeways claims their Wen are specially trained to help you relax on the way to work. And with such short journey times, there's no risk of (8) ' So what are you waiting for? Turn to page 37 for our Officeways competition? 63Unit 8. Voeabutary 64 D Circle the correct word or phrase. 1 Running along the seafront, there was a short concrete pier / quay, where a dozen fishing boats bobbed in the afternoon sun. Quite a few resorts in Britain have long piers / quays, which stick out into the sea, and which often have shows or other forms of entertainment on them, This area is for passersby / pedestrians only and is closed to all traffic. After the accident, passersby / pedestrians described the driver as a middle-aged man with a beard. Keep both hands on the wheel and you't find it easier to pilot / steer the car. im hoping to train so that | can pilot / steer commercial aircraft. ‘As | came out ofthe petrol station, I saw a hiker / hitchhiker with his thumb out, trying to get a lift. Local hikers / hitchhikers insist that they have the right to walk across the field, although the farmer who owns the land disagrees. 9 It's three and a half hours each way, so the return fare / round trip takes seven hours. 10 A single is €40, but the return fare / round trip is actually only €55. 11 Alorry lost its cargo / load on the motorway and there's white paint everywhere. 12 The area where the cargo / load is stored on a plane can actualy get extremely cold during a fight. eavause Phrasal verbs E Write one word in each gap. 1 The police officer told the homeless man to MOVE ...nsnman and he walked slowly and painfully down the road. 2 Len has already left on foot, but i we take the car then maybe we can stil head him. before he gets home, 3. Would you mind Moving wnunnun-.-« $0 that | can sit here? 4 Ayoung man was riding his motorbike on the pavement and everyone was forced to step vonsnaennnnne tO let him go past. 5 The area has been cordoned semen. following a bomb threat. 6 As! leant on the table, it tipped sens and | fll over, 7 My mum's a bit upset because my sister's moving snes tO go to university next week. 8 Daryl managed to keep up with the leader for most of the race, but eventually he started to fall o Complete using a phrasal verb with a word from box A in the right form and a word from box B. A creep * go * hold » move * pull * slip * stop © walk B | astray * away = back * in © off * out» over * up 1. Dimitri thought he heard a funny noise coming from the car engine, $0 Ne wrcrsnnsnnnnnsnunn tO investigate. 2. The police ron the crowd, vw» $0 that the ambulances could get to the scene more quickly. 3. The show was so boring that We .- after half an hour. 4 Remind ME 10 vernnnven (on the way to your grandma's to get her a birthday card. 5 Iwish you WoUldAt se snnsn ‘on me like that! You frightened me to death! 6 Martha didn't want to interrupt the party, so she just quietly without anyone noticing. 7. Are you really thinking of... with Josie? What about your own flat? 8 It seems that the explorers swe after losing their map and wandered in the jungle for days.eee Movement and transport Unit 8 G The phrasal verb cordon off means something like ‘prevent people entering’. Tick the words which could be used to complete this sentence to form phrasal verbs with a similar meaning. The area has DEER .oesenonnnnn Off by police, 1 block ... 3 line 5 put sevsnmsnnm — 7 Sb 2 close 4 fence .. 6 rope 8 take Phrases, patterns and collocations H_ Complete using the phrases in the box in the correct form. Change sb, sth or do into something appropriate. back onto * do sth in arush * drop sb at * fallin love © fly at * get a move on get sth out of the way * get sth wet * go and do * jump at the chance keep track of * raise sb’s hopes 1. Look at the time! We'd better nnn or we're going to be late. 2 My parents say they... when they met on holiday in Turkey. 3. Your essay ist good enough. I's obvious tO Me tht YOU nnn ery rather than taking your time. 4. Ive always wanted to fly and | would... .-to visit the pilot in the cockpit. 5. One of the things | love about this house is that it. wns the tv. 6 I don't want to vay but there's a chance we might be fing to America! 7 Ian't believe you - . Ben what | said about him. 8 There's no need to .... ‘me = I wasn't the one who crashed the car! 9 Me got alot of homework, so let me... sovsnsnnuan first and then 1 call You. 10. You travel so much! | can't .-all the countries you've been to, 11. Since you're going that way, do you think you could . ~ vo My House? 12. Those sunglasses were expensive ~ take them off inthe pool or youll 1 Write one word in each gap. Sams not coming, but Isabelle's. | can't believe that woman just tried to the way, so she should be here soon. w» the queve and get to the front fist. 1 Inthe distance, a steam trait .nnsnsnnnn Slowly into View. 2 Don't... snsnm YOUF Voice at me! | haver't done anything wrong! 3. Werneed to book our ery tickets. s-ucane SOME point, $0 remind me later. 4 Suddenly, the door flew x and there stood Mrs Singh. 5 I's the vveunses HOU, 50 there'll be a lot of traffic on the roads. 6 My dacs beginning to... x rey, and he's only 35, 7 Even when his fight was cancelled, Jake still managed 0 ..s.oswnsnnrnnn @ SM 8 Do you know the to Ed's house from here? 9 0 65EE Unit 8 vocabulary J For each question, write one word which can be used in all three sentences. 1. I don't understand what Michael to leave his family tke that. The Kids almost ou ime crazy when we were on holiday. | thought the journalist vw his point home well, and the politician didn't know what to say. 2 We decided to vsumnnons towards the small town we could see in the distance. Joshua Reed has been appointed to... . the committee responsible for promoting local tourism. Which places would you say the ist of most popular tourist destinations in Britain? 3 Fm starting £0 .nnsnsnnsnnsn tthe conclusion that you don't want to go on holiday with me. HOW did YOU s..onnmsnsnninnnn t0 l08@ YOUr passport? | know its going to . .. 8 a bit of a shock to you, but Ive decided to walk round the world. 4 We need to keep up a pace if we're going to get there before it gets dark. Corey and Angela Seem to havea very -msmnmeFationship, and | can't imagine them splitting up, can you Kely gave me a look as if to say, I know where yourve been.” 5 We always make @ onmnsmiennnnnns Of inviting the old woman next door to join us for Christmas dinner. Dor't mention the fact that Chris led his crivng test =i abt Of @ SO nnn with him, | know she's your best friend, but that's beside the : = you had no right to imite heron the trip without asking me. 6 It’s hard to believe that Sandra .» 50 this year, isnt i? The police officer cher gun onthe man and fol im tole down onthe foo. ' (0 say something to Connor, but he had already left. 7 Jacob his doctor's advice and went away for a few days. Hannah decided to start wearing earrings and her friends S000... suit. te son the speakers argument up tothe final pont, but drt understand where his conclusions came from, 8 My dad's involved in sone @ Campaign to stop them building the new motorway near here, These vehicles have the advantage of ve On electricity, rather than petrol. You won't be able to avoid sum to problems, 50 just deal with them when they arise. Idioms K Write one word in each gap. 1 From our house to the centre of town is about four miles as the flies. 2 I know the brochure said the vila was ‘peacefuf, but it was actualy in the of nowhere. 3. As soon as we got to the pool, the kids made a for the shop selling ice creams. 4 The soldier shouted ‘Halt!’ and I stopped dead in my 5 Cambodia? That’s a bit off the beaten ist it? 5 The the rete, then iret ight, and jut fofow your until you see the stadium on your 7 Wandering the streets of Prague, Host MY sn. .- , $0 had to ask the way to the caste. 8 We were quite lucky because our hotel was only a ‘throw away from the beach. 9 Its about 20 minutes longer, but if we take the SCENIC annum YOU Be able to take some photos. 10. Turn right here and We'l sn a short cut through the side roads. 66Word formation LL. Use the word given in capitals at the end of the line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. The stairlift Ie ironte that the very things that are supposed to provide access tothe (1) . ‘oors of bulldings - stairs often infact, make thet (2) ns... .. For many elderly ‘people and others with limited (9) sussnnnunsne Getting upstairs can be a dally problem MOBILE tobe () -nvone» However, starlifts have been helping people salve that problem COME since they first appeared in the US in the 1990s, Designs have (8)... vommany GO changes over the years and stairifts have become (6)... safer and easier to PROGRESS RAPD Lax Move ‘STAND ‘use. Most consist of seat which moves along rails that run along the wall, ‘The user controls HOw (7) neem the Seat moves along the rails as it travels from ‘the bottom of the stairs to the (8) ~ atthe top. In today’s models, the ®) {s controlled by computers to give a smooth ride and the components are designed to (10) .~ constant use. Many people have been given a new lease of life by the stairlift. Each of the words in bold is in an incorrect form, Rewrite them correctly. The situation has been getting unsteady worse for many years now. The heavy snow meant that the mountain roads were passage for over a week. People are being advised not to travel to the area because of the outgoing confit. Luckily, Tyrone made a very sped recovery after the car accident. The service at the hotel was upstanding, and Id definitely recommend it. Every child needs security and unstable in ther life. Its not always easy to make the transitional from primary school to secondary school, | sat completely motion as the spider crawled along my arm. evan suene The prefix de-, as in destabilise, can be added to some verbs, nouns and adjectives in order to give them a negative meaning. Tick the words which can be made negative by adding de-. 1 caffeinated enrnnnnnnn 4 hydrate 7. satisfy 2 direct ns 5 motivate 8. sensitise 3 form 6 regulate 9 understand . 10 value Complete the sentences using words formed in exercise N. 1. Drinking alcohol when i’s very hot can se YOU. 2 The government should... this industry. 3 Vhave t0 drink anne coffee or I can't sleep. 4 Ifyou dont tell staff how well they're doing, it can them, 5 Dont you think violent fMS nn people to violence in real life? 6 Youll... your feet if you don't get shoes that ft you property. 7 They've decided to vmnnnenem the CUTENCY, $0 itl be worth alot ess. 67