Create a table in Oracle database schema with a BLOB column, as shown in the below

example.
CREATE TABLE ext_files (
file_name VARCHAR2 (1000),
file_content BLOB)
/
Then create a database directory object from where you want to insert the files, as
shown in below example.
CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY PDF_FILES As 'C:\my_pdf_files';
Now create the following function to convert a file into a BLOB data type.
But make sure that you change the PDF_FILES directory name in the below function
with the name you created the directory object.
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION file_to_blob(p_file_name VARCHAR2) RETURN BLOB AS
dest_loc BLOB := empty_blob();
src_loc BFILE := BFILENAME('PDF_FILES', p_file_name);
BEGIN
DBMS_LOB.OPEN(src_loc, DBMS_LOB.LOB_READONLY);

DBMS_LOB.CREATETEMPORARY(
lob_loc => dest_loc
, cache => true
, dur => dbms_lob.session
);

DBMS_LOB.OPEN(dest_loc, DBMS_LOB.LOB_READWRITE);

DBMS_LOB.LOADFROMFILE(
dest_lob => dest_loc
, src_lob => src_loc
, amount => DBMS_LOB.getLength(src_loc));

DBMS_LOB.CLOSE(dest_loc);
DBMS_LOB.CLOSE(src_loc);

RETURN dest_loc;
END file_to_blob;
/
Now you are ready for the test to insert a file in Oracle database table.

Test to Insert a PDF File

DECLARE
v_blob BLOB;
BEGIN
v_blob := file_to_blob ('emp.pdf');

INSERT INTO ext_files

VALUES ('emp.pdf', v_blob);

COMMIT;
END;
/
Test to Insert an Image File (JPG)
DECLARE
v_blob BLOB;
BEGIN
v_blob := file_to_blob ('oracle-18c-install-step-1.JPG');

INSERT INTO ext_files

VALUES ('oracle-18c-install-step-1.JPG', v_blob);
COMMIT;
END;
/
Check the Table for Records
SELECT * FROM EXT_FILES;