WYXOAOTIA, 1997, 4 (2) @ 118-128 PSYCHOLOGY, 1997, 4 (2) @ 118-128 Eqappoyés tyg Fvwotunrig Pvyodoyiac OUNV KAWLKI NpaKTUK ANASTASIA KAAANTZH-AZIZI Naveruotrio Aviv TEPIAHWH Zt0 p80 MapouardZetat n oxéon mou éxel avantuxGei Ta TeAsuTaia KU- piwg Xpdvia avapeca omy Tvworxr Kai my KAwiKth Wuxodoyia. ‘Eupaon St vetat & nopiopara epeuviav mg Fwwotixrig Wuyodoyiag Kat oto Mug auTd BoriKav EUpU nedio e@appoytic To xwpO THg Kwixrig WuxoRoyiac. Mo cuyKexpiueva, n NpoagEpA TAC FvwoTr K¥ig Yuxoroylag cuviotatat (I) oT Snpioupyia evég véou povtédou yia THY KaTavénon TOU Tedrou Agitoupyiag Tg avepwnwvng cuMEpipopdc. H éupaon Nou S68nKe oTIG avuwTepes voritixés Aeitoupyieg Kal onic yrworixés KaTaoKeuE dvoiEe véous opifovtes via pla MANpéoTE- fn KaTavénan Tou Tprou SnyLoupyiag t6d0 TE «OWAAre» bo Kai THE PuyoTIaBodoyiKrhg GU Lmepipopdc, (Il) H ywotixh Wuxodoyia npocépepe, eniong, dTOUG KAIVIKOLIC UXOAdYOUG vé- ug Tpdrous epyNveiag PawvoLEvin Gnw< n HETABIBaG, n EvoUVaisBnoN Kal N avtiotagn, Té- dog, n npoagopa Ms FvwaTiKrig WuxoAoyiag éyKetrat (Ill) oTHY avaNTUEN véwy SuVAPIKaY Yu xoBepareutiKiy jovrékwv nou omplyénkav ite udvo oe ywworiKés apyée, cite oto cuvduCe GLO YWOTIKV HE CULMEPIPOPLOTIKES, 1 KAI UXOSUVAPIKES 1] CUOTTIKES MpaKTiKE¢ Kal Bew pis, Aékeig KAEIBiG: Fyworikés / GupnepipopioTiKés PUXoBEpaTtetes, FvwoTiKr YuxoRoyia, KAIWiKT Wuyoroyia. H KAnixt] Wuxodoyia eivat évag epappooé- vos KAdBog Mg WuxoAoyiag, o ortoiog avtAei e- Sopéva Kai Nopiopata and Tou BagiKouG KAd- Boug ME Wuyoroyiag, ‘Evag an’ autodg eivat n Fvwotikh Wuxodoyia, n ontoia ennpéage pitiKd To Epyo TOU KAVIKO \puXOASYOU. O KAvixés puxoAdyog npénet va evnpepuve- Tal cuveyisc yia tic vées eEENEeIG and Tous Bact- Kotig KAdBoUG Mg WuxoAoyiag Kat va Bival Ge BE- on va evowparaver Tig ywisoeig autég THY KaBN- hepivh Mpaxtixt, ekeyXovTag duwe and new mY anoteAgopatixémta Kd8e epappoyrg. Aut Tipoundseon eival anotéreqpa Tg eniSpacns 1600 Tg NeIpaprixri¢ 6o0 Kai THE YwwTIKTS uxoRoyiag, 56, p6vo pe aUTSv Tov TpéTo ano- gebyovTar Kivuvo! aUBalpems e@apLoyric Ké- Trowv SeSopévwv Mou Ydvo Kata THY GTOUIKT Kpi- on Kanowwy e\diKdv 8a "Mopovcav va Bonér- GoU OTHY KAIViKT NpAKTIKT) (KwoTapidou-EuKAEl 5n, 1992. Néprioac, 1990). Fava yiver nto Kata- VOrIT6 QUT TO OkerTIKO avagépw evdEIKTIKG BUO Epeuvec ms Fvworixrig WuxoAoyiac: a) my épeu- va Ttwv Schneider Kai Schiffrin (1977) yia my au- TopaT Kal eeyXduevn eneEEpyagia nAnpopO- piv nou enéSpace dueca om Stapdpgwon tou SepaneuTIKoU SiaASYOU Kal Tw GTPATHYIKKV aU Aued@uvon: Avactaoia Kahavrii-Azizi, Tovéac Wuxodoyiag, dAoogix} Zxoh}, Naverso™uiérodn, tAiota, 157 84, ‘A@riva-TnA: 01- 7249000, eowr. 2525, FAX: 01-7248979 E-Mail: JPARASK@ATLAS.UOA ARIADNE-T.GREnon xivifrpwy, kat B) omy epyacia Tou Tulving (1985) yia ™m Sapoponoinan me eneioodiaKsig KQL oYaoAoyuKTIg UVFIENG, Mou éSwoe UAKS Via ™ Sqpioupyia texvixiav expd6nong vewy Se- Goritww (Kanter, 1988). 1) Aiorérwon uno@écewy OeTIKd pe Th 51a- Hép@won Ths avepwmvng CULTEpIPOpas Kal be Thy epynveia Twv WuxIKwy SitapaXwv O KAwwikdg uxordyog 6riou Kat va SouAEwEt ite ato xwpo ME NSANYNG, eite ato xwPO TS TrapéuBaons / puxoB_epaneiac, cite oto XwpPO TS anoKataoTaaNe¢ -, KPEIGZETAL pita OUAAOYLOTI- kt (Mahoney, 1991), pta Bewpia Trou va Exe oxé- On Ue Thv aveparwn oupNeEppopd (oLAAH fh 6X), My Katavénor ME, OmUG Kat Tm SiaTUNwWON UnoBécewy oyeTiKd We Thy artioyéveor| MS. H Pvwotix) Wuxoroyia éxet oupBaret ouga- OTKG OTT SiatUMWwWON Evds HOvTEAOU SnuLoup- Ylag me avépunivng oupneprpopac, to onolo ovaywupifetar Aiyo fy MOAU and Shes Tig ZxOAEG THg Wuyodoyiag. H Stagdtion tev Aetroupyiav TOU «adpou KOUTIOU» (KaTd Tov Skinner) f opya- Wioyod, Tou dyvworou X yeTaEU E (epesioyaToc) Kat E (gupnepipopdc) Twv MpUTwv oULNEp\popl- Otubv [E - O(X:) - 2], wag odtiynoe ce pia Mo OAO- Anpwpévn Bedpnon: a) Tww oXédewv OULTEPI- Gopag (EKA eEwrepikeUONC) Kat EpeBioyd- Tay («avtieievixod» nepiBadrovroc) Kat B) TH Oxéoewv Tou BloADYIKOU EAUTOU HAG, Twv GUval- COmdTwv Kai THY YrMoTIKuY diEpyaoWY WE Mpag Tm diapdpqwon M¢ ekwtepiKeupévng ou- lnepipopac, Tapa riodAég épeuves me Fvworxrig YuXo- Aoyiag éxouv anodeiker 6 01 avtidpdgeig evdc ‘TO dev uNopouv va epynvevBouv ue Bdon THY eniSpaon tou ekwtepiKod NepiBGAAOVTOG, ‘AAG and Ty epynvela nou BiBei To ATOpO yia To epé@1qua (Manaxdotac, 1994). Népagav, or Tév, navw and 2.500 xpdvia yia va avayvupioeet Out6 nou o Enixmmtog Sr}Awve pe Toon caprivela: stapdacet tous avépwinous ou ta npdypata, aA- Ad ra nepi tu Npayyatwv Séypata» Ero epdmya nic eivat Suvarév va oupBaiver Ourd, SnAadi va ennpeatoyacte Sx udvo and Epappoyés tng yrworixric poxoloytas orny Klivixrj npaxtixy @ 119 ta cupPdvra aAAA Kai ané Tm Sik} wag epynveia Twv cULBavtwy, MpooMé@nce va anavmjce: Tyworixty WuxoRoyia. O Bandura (1985) unoom- pifei, Bdoe! Twv akidhoyww EAETaV Tou, Ot. n eEeyouga Aéon ou KaTéxet o Gv8purog ato Cw KO Bagidgto OpeiAETaL OTIG avusTEpEG vonTIKEG Rettoupyies, Ot ONoIEG Tov KaBIOTOLW {Kavd va Snuwoupyet GupBONKG avtiypaga Tou KdopoU (ouuBodxr wKavérnta), va naipver anogdoerc TipoBAgnovrag HEAAOVTIKG yeyovdta (npoBAert- Kf xavérnTa), va paBaiver ané Tic euneipies THY Mav (ua6notaKr} iKavérnra), va raipvet anoga- GEIG [e Eva GUTOVOLO, HOvAdIKS TPéTO, NapaTn- pivtac, Kataypdgovtac, afiokoyiivtag 1 ext- uGvtag ™ oULMEpIpEpA TOU (auTopPUBLLOTKT tavérnta) Kat TéAog, va TpononoiE! Tov i510 Tov ‘TPOTO oKéNG Tou, NapaTnpidvtac Kat afoAoyu- veac my. (Sia TM vortixt Tou Aettoupyia -oKé- (perc, ouvaywyr GuUMepagLETwY- (ueTayvwOTI- Af} wxavérnra). EEondouévos, Aoindv, 0 dv8pu- Tlog HE auTéc Tig iKaVETTTES eivat Ge BEOT va OKE- Metal, va aloBaveTaI Kal va Spa auTévoya KaL 6yxt we Epuato eEwTepKay epeBionaTuv. Tag duu 10 «vonTiKs @IATpO» (To «6pyavo» eneEepyaaiag nAnpopopiiv) xé8e avBpunou ye- raTpénet Tov ekwrepixd K6oyo oT Neyouen «u- TOKE\EVIKH NOAYHATIKGTHTa Kat ETOL TOU EQUTOU K.0.K. Axohou@iivtag Ty mo Tévw auAAoYioTIKA, 8a Lnopotcay va opia8ouv 01 SuaxoXieg npocap- Hoyts (fh WuxiKés dtatapayéc) we eddinelc oTpO- myiKés avtweraimuong THE Curg Adyw vorTHKiV duohetroupytdv. Ta aitia autav tw puxonaso- DoyiKy ywwoudv eivat BlopUxoKoIvAViKd. Ot BLO- AoyiKoi napayovtes (yeverixr} NpoidBeon, Tad Hata, cwpaTiKés aoBéveres, BloxnyiKEs emiSpd- GeIg K.4.), SWE Kal Ot PUXOKOIVwVIKO! Tapayo- vteg (puxotpaupatixés eumeipie Kupig oti Tides OxECeIG K.4.), EXOUV HEkEMBe! CUCT paTiKd Kat UNdpxel NOAUAPIOLN BIBAoypagia ae Aa Ta Bod cuyypdyyiata KAwixrig Wuxoro- Yiag kat Wuxora8ohoyiag, Agiohoyvtag To PAO THE FwaTiKTG YUXO- Aoyiag oxeTiKd pe M Stapdpqwon evdc Bewpnti- Kou MAaigiou Bagel Tou onoiou KaTavoEttal Kat epunvevetar n avépdrin oupnepipopd, mo- POUHE Va ToUpe Sui eival TIOAY oNBavTIKdc, Ma- Odo Tou MIOAAG Sedopéva Sev éxouv evowuatw- Gei otov TpdmI0 aKEWpNC Kal Spdan¢ Tou KAviKOU,Egapyoyés tng yroarrnris poyoloyiag orny Klivix{ npaxnix, @ 123 Bion. Exouv mpoKUer «KdTW aNd neipapaTiKés, OuveriKEs, dpa uiKprig OIKOAOYIKTIC evKUpOTTAG, vd) 0 PdAOG Kal N ONYAGIa TOU GuVaLTBTLATOG eivai_unotowapévog» (Manaxwotag, 1994, 9. 37), éxoupe ota yépia pas éva oAOKANPwLEéVO HovtéAo, oto onoio n cupnepipopé, n omtoia ye- Tpdtar Kai mapatnpeiral, repiKrele: BlodoyiKEG 8), ywotuxés (y), avtunrmixés (a), cuvaroBnya- TiKés (0) Aevtoupyieg, uNdKerTal oTIG aAAaYES TOU OtkouoTHpATOG (Oi), To onloio anapTiZetat and TO KOIVWVIKG/ ELLUXO (K), TO PUAIKS ((p) KAI TO Te~ XWNTS (7) MepIBAAAOV drIOU CEL TO GTONO, GAAG Kat To |ennpedfe cuyxpdvuc: © (a, y, 0, B) +> Oi (kK, @, 1) (Kadaveen - Azizi, 1992), Ml) Aicténwan naiciou oxécewv Kal mhaiciou Spdong Kara my WuXo8epaneuTIKE MpAKTIKT Ot emSpacets ms Fvwotixtig Wuxodoyiag Oty ita my napEyBaTiK Spaomprsmta (yu- XoBepaneuTixd MAaiowo, oxéaeIc, 5idpopa «par Vopievan, orws n yeTaBiBaon / avtipetaBiBaon, n avtioracn «.4.) eivat noddandéc. O Kelly (1955) TapopordZei Thy PuxoBepaneia aAAG Kai THY Yu- YoBepaneuTiKn axéan we éva eidog emoTnYOW- tig 1] epeuvntixrig cuvepyagiag énou Gepaneu- Tig Kal MeAGTHS KAAOUVTAL va EPEUYT}GoUY TIC ‘Ouvéneieg tou Tpénou aKéynC TOU Med. ZkO- Tég auTTi¢ Te KoWwg MPCENABeIaG elvat va He- AemBouv Kai mIBavidg va TpontonoInBouv exeives 01 MAeupég aNd Tov TPSMO oKéWNE Tou TeAaT) Tlou Snutoupyouv evSonpoqwniKa Kal Sanpoow- Tuxd a&iéEoba. Ot Bedrosian Kat Beck erivonoay Ty éwoia Tou guvepyatixod Eyunepiopou (Bedrosian & Beck, 1980) yia va artodwoet aut} ™ oxéon. Oi Bedrosian kar Beck unoatTnpifouv 6 «n anopUoTIKoNoinon ME BepaneuTKrig Sia- diKkaciag Bond va avayvwpiobei o NeAATNS WS Eva kataptiopévo dropo nou éxei MAKpn iKavéTn- Ta va Eextvd Kat va SiaTpek Tov KaTAAANAO BNUA- TOUS ya auToBeATiwaM» (NanaKworaG, 1994, 0. 195), Mia and tig To KaAG HedETpEvES KaTnYO- pieg cupnepipopac tou BepaneuTT eivat n iKave- Tha yia «evouvaicbnon= (Rogers, 1951), n ontoia Gewpeirat we évag ANd Tous Mo taXUPOUS 4iN-El- BiKog Napayovres Yia Ty Nopeia Kat arioTEe- QuaTiK6mta KB WUXoBEpaneiac (Schindler. 1989, Kadavrt} - Azizi, 1990). H «evouvaio8non», ‘ANG Tous YwaLaKous HEAETTés opifeTaL WE tKa- vérnTa guvaisOnyaTiKtig Katavénons (ManaK- ata, 1994), ye TH Bordeta THs oroiag oSnyeirat 0 GepaneuTTi¢ va «Be (vonTIKG Kal GUVaLGENpa- Kd) Tov KOgLO Wéoa aNd Thy onmTiK Ywvia -LE- oa and Ta «KudAia- Tou BepanevopEvou, adhd ywpig va xacet Tov ékeyXo TIS MpayyariKémras, SupBaiver, SnAadH, autd nou toviZei o Enikmtos ue agortioTiKA Cagrvela: «dtav BAgreig KGNOIOV va KAalet ... Le Ta ASyia, LNY MapayeENraeis va tov oudAunnfei¢, UGAIOTA Kal va avaoTevakeic yagi tou. Nedceke duws puny avaotevageis Kar ‘and éca dou». H evouvaic8non, Aoindy, wc ouvéern SiadiKacia rou nepirapBaver Stepya- Gieg andxmons, Biwons Kai xpriong Sedouévu Tou oxetovrat He THY EGWTEPIKT ELMeIpia TOU TeAdTy jmopei va SiaKpiGel Siaxpovikd ota eri y€p0us auaTaTIKd Tg Kat Va BeATIWGei (Gallop, Lancee, & Garfinkel, 1990). Enukextika avagépovtar am ouvéxeia SU0 ywword patvopeva TNS Puxo8epaneuTiKns diadi- Kaciag, auté ms HETaBiBaons / avtpetaBiBaons Katte avtioraans. Nc LETaBiBaon opiZetat n Ue- 14Beo7| and Eva drop, npos éva GAAO GTOHO LE To ontoio UNGpyXet TPEXOUTA oXgon, cUVaIGBNYG- Twv, OKEPEWY KAL GULMEPLPOPY TOU apyIKd ONKaV Ge OXON HE ONUAVTIKG pdawNa, Kata ‘my SidpKera Te MaSintg NAikiag (Moore & Fine, 41990). H ywworixr) npoagyyion Tou @awvouévou ‘TS HeTaBiBaong UNoaMpIZel OT auTS enpavize- Tal ce KBE Nepintwon ou To Gropo BpioKeTar avTuétwmo He Ono\adrNoTe KaTéotaon (Mriou- ouyoupns, 1995). «Emy nepittwon aun} Kat TipoKeijiévou To GTONO va Thy eneEEpyacted Kal va TV KaTavorioel Kal va avtAroel PSBAEWN, avacdper and To ‘peneprdpid’ Tou exeiveg TG Vontixéc KaTAOKEUES NOU KpiVEL WE TO KOTGAAN- ec. Me TH BoriGeia Twv vortiKiiy KaTaoKeUwy TOU [NOpoUV va TapAAANNGToUV Ye ‘KUdALa’, areviet my KaTdataon. H Snutoupyia Tg ‘yeTa- BiBaone’, Ndvrpepa Tou Nad pe To KaIvoUp- lo, - eivar avand@euKT, [iG MOU TO ATOLO "Kol- Ger’ 7 véa KaTaoTaCN LE Ta ‘kUdALA’ TOU eivat124 @A. Kalavty-Azizi KOTOOKEUGOpEVa ONS To NaPEABOv Kar PépvoUV yé0a Tous To orKeio Kai THY NpoKaTaANWN. Katy uxobepancuTiKh, Aomndv, peTaBiBacn (oKéWe- GV, OUVALGENLGTWV Kal GUpMEpIpOPdY) eival avandgeuKtn Ka®ig 0 Bepaneudpevoc atevilet To BepaneuTy pe Ta ‘Kuda’ Tou OKKEIOU Kat TNS ‘npoxatdAning’ (Manaxwotac, 1994, 0. 201) ‘Crav pws To gawvdpEevo Tg HETABIBaaNs de Aettoupyroet He Tov avapevopevo Tpdno, Tote mpoteivetar n epunveia ott npdKertar yia paGn- OlaKd AABN - Kupiwg Tne MpdmME NaWuxrhg NAL kiag - Katd Tm Siadixacia akiodynong Kau ente- Eepyaciag nAnpogopiiv. Tia to pawdyevo THs avteTaBiBaon¢ -To avtioto1xo pawvopevo Ye T LETABIBacN NOU pNo- pei va euaviode; cTOV (510 To BepaneuTT, KABWG EpXETAL AVTIPETWTOG HE TH GULMEPIPOPA Tou Te- AaTn- poteivera atopiKr Souherd tou Gepaneu- TT pe Tov endrrm Tou, He KONG Tov evTomIOHS Tuv SuoTIposApLOTTIKUY aUTOHATWY Ywwoudy, Twv ywwoiaKidy Aaddv, Tw SuodsrroupyiKiy OXNHGTwv drwe Kal MY TporONoiNON TOUS. Ti yiverat dtav, TéAog, 0 MeAGTMS dev Kwvetrat Tpog Ty KaTeduvon Nou EnidwdKeTaL He THY PU xoBepanela, étav, SnAadH, eypaviferai To gar vouevo mg avtictaon¢; Edupwva pe T ywwota- Ki] NpOGEyyyion o NeAdmE: a) SuoKoAEvETA va Bounsidc Twv AEvOLEVW YvwoIaKGy WuXo8epa- Teidy, Gore va yiver Mio Eypavrig n eniSpaan TS Tvwotuxtic Wuyodoylag a€ autd. Opwe npénet va Towobei 61 MapSAO Now ot WEBOSOI auTés ovoHa- Zovta ywwotaxés, omy npden diSetar éypaon ‘omy adAnneripacn avéyeca ve névte otorxeta: To MepIBAAov (GupMepLayBaverar TO 1oTOpIKS Tg Siatapayti¢ Kal TO MOAtioTIKG TepIBGAAOV Gnou Zei to topo), TH BioAoyiKr) MAeUpG, Ta cU- Vawwériata, T cuunepupopd Kai TIG yrwoaKéS Stadixaaies. H ovopacia mg GepaneuTiKrg aU- Tig Ue8dSou ogeiAetal Aiyo - MOAU TO yeyovds ot. om dexaeria Tou 1960 Kal oTIG apXEc TNC de- kaetiag tou 1970, ot Mepioadtepes Bepaneies i Xov Thy Tdon va Bivouv Ayyétepn aNLAIa ato Ywwarikd rapdyovra (Dattilio & Padesky, 1995) Tia va tovia8ei, Aomndv, aUTSs 0 TéG0 ONHAVTIKGG, Tapdyovtac, npoTaénxe n ovopacia autrig TMs BepaneuTiKric We8d50U we «yvwaTaKric». 2) Frwotaxés - oupmepipopiatixés 1680501 “HON and tig apXés Tou 1970 apxitet va Tovifetar, kal and Tous Bepareutés Ts Eupepipopac, n avaykn wiaitepng npodoytig Tous TpdNoOUG HE ToUG oMtoioug OKErTTETaL o MeATNG Ka MWS aUTO! 8a umopovoav va TpononoinBouv (Lazarus, 1976). H tedeutaia SouAeid tou Kanter (Kanter, Reinecker, & Schmelzer, 1990) yUpw and To 6éya “TIS auTOdiaxe(piomg Snws Kat To e151Kd BEA TOU autoehéyxou (KaAavtir - Azizi, 1984), unopouv va BewpnBouv TuMIKd napadeiyyata Tw vedte- pwv e€eNiEewy (Kadavtd} - Azizi, 19950. Kaka- vith - Azizi & AéyAepng, 1992. Mroukouyoupns, 1995a). Mnopoune va \oXupio8oupe, AoInéy, Sti ot nepicodtepot Necoupnepipopiotéc, té00 oTHV ‘avaAuon Tg CULMEPIPOPAG , 600 Kal TO NapEL- Barixé oKéAog THs WuXoBepaneuTiKg SiadiKa- diac, Soudsdouv Bde ywwoiaKdv povtéduv (rx, «Neupoyevtic avopef{a kat Bouhpia», KaAa- vith - Azizi, 19958). TéAog, 0 cuyKepacpds yu OLAKWV Kal ULMEPpOpIOTIKaY YovTEAWY TOU e@apydgovrar ce ovadier} Bdon uNdoxErat MoA- 4d (11x. Kalpakoglou, 1993. KakndxoyAou, 1997. Kanuevtiom, 1995. Kakavréy} - Azizi kat Kapadr- pac, 1996, 19968. Kadavriy - Azizi & MatoaKd, 1996), 3) Napadetyyara and my wuxoSuvayuxr} Kat ‘ouormpurr} KAviKr} npaxttxr). Flapdderyya wuxoduvapxtic npooéyyiong ei- vain yvwouakry avaAuTixy Bepaneia: H ywwouakr} avadutixr} Bepaneia (Relye, 1990 Wild McCormick, 1990) Baoivetai oe wuxoduva- yiKég Mpoceyyioei¢ (M.X., OUyKpoUTN, dpuva, avuiKeipevorpénec oxéoeic K.4.), o™ Bewpia TH vontiKiov Kataoxeudv Tou Kelly Kal oe éva TAZ: a ywworaKdy Kal GupmepiopLOTIKaY TeXVIKiOV. Aut n Gepaneutixr mpoagyyion eivar Bpaxeta (16 ouvavtrjeic), | CULETOXT TOU MeAGT eivat UeyéAn (evepyntixt) Kat o BaciKdg ot6XO¢ efvain, OuyKexpiuévn Ywworaxi) avaSounon.126 @ A. Kalavedy-Azizi Napaderyyia cuomuikrg npodéyyions eivarn otkoouoTLATIKF| MpoTEyyOM; H oxoouotnuxr) mpocéyyion Via Ty ave: Tamion SuoKohwv om oXONKH npd—n Tov Molnar kat Lindquist (1994) Bagierat oxic ouo™- uikés apxéc eunAoUTiaLEves we TrapEyBaTiKd Ho- viéka and veooupnepipopioTiKéc Kat ywiataKés TexviKés, 01 OMloieg EEUTINPETOUV TO YEVIK OU: OMMIKE oKerTiKd. Or emupoug TexvKés nou Tpoteivouv, dMwe n avanAaigiwan, n TeXviKr Be- TUKT|g UOSHAWENS KivFITPwY, T avayvidpICN BET Kwv AetToupyiay, n evBappuvon auvéxiong TOU TIPOBATWATOG Kal N TeXVIKI) THG KepkdropTac, oToXeUouV oUGtagTiKG oT YUOTIKF avaSSunon. uvopifovtag My eniSpacn nou doxnge Kat coxei n FvwoTiKh WuxoAoyia oTHY KViKA MIpGKTI- kt TOU OTHEPG, LMOPOULE va \oXUPIOTOUPE emt- YPAHHATIKG 6ti eival Mia aB.apgaBrIMTO yeyo- vég Tlug GAO Kal NEpIGDdTEPO KAI He THO CUT uaTKé Toro yiveTar MpooTdseIa epapjoyric TwV Mopiopatay TC Fvwatixrig Wuxoroyiag. O Baonxds Adyog eivat dt o Bepaneumiig aneuBuve- Tal yaw Tou Adyou oe éva AToLO Toy oxénreTaL Kat yia GUTS 7 KOAGTEpN Ywwon TwV YwOTIKeY Biepyacdv eivat anapaimm, t600 a) yia My Ko- Tavénon Tou Tpémou eneEEpyaciag Twv MAnpo- optdy Kat Tg Snutoupyiag Twv vorTIKV KaTa- oxeudy Tou near, 600 Kat (B) Yia Tm SnyLoUP- yia tou mAaiiou ywworixrig avaddunong nou otoxevel oT UElwon THS PuXIKrg Evtaong pEow MC OAAayTic Kal wesw Tg eEwTepiKEULENG CU LMepipopdg (kakutepn npocappoyn) O onpepivds Kaivixdg, He dAAa Adyia, npénet Va efvat Kat éva eiS0g FworiKo WuxoAdyou, 0 onoiog unoBon Ge Tov neAdmy va evrontizel tig SU- OREITOUPYIKES OKEIPEIS TOU VIG Va TI¢ TportoNION}- 61 TIPOG To AEtToUpYiKOTEpO, ETO! WoTE va [TIO péoet va avtetanioe ™m Gur He KaAUTEpEG otpamyixés, BiBhroypagia Amold, M. B. (1960). Emotion and personality New York: Columbia University Press. Bandura, A. (1985). Models of causality in social learning theory. In M. J. Mahoney & A. 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Pygmalion in the classroom: Teachers’ expectations and pupils’ intellectual development. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Schindler, |. (1989). Das Codierungsystem zur Interaktion in der Psychotherapie (CIP). Zeitschrift fur Klinische Psychologie, 18, 68 - 79, Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. M, (1977). Controlled and automatic human _information processing. Detection, search and attention, Psychological Review, 84, 1-66. Tulving, E. (1985). How many memory systems are there?. American Psychologist, 40, 385- 398 Watzlawick, P. (1986). H yAwooa tn aAdayric. ABriva: Ké3poc, Zajonc, R. B. (1980). Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist, 35, 151-175. The application of cognitive psychology theory in the clinical practice A. Kaantzi-Azizi University of Athens In this article we present the relationship that the few last years has been developed between Cognitive and Clinical Psychology. We present the outcomes of recent Studies and we emphasise the ways in which these outcomes are being implemented in the field of Clinical Psychology. More specifically, the contribution of Cognitive Psychology consists of three points: ()) Cognitive Psychology offered a new model for understanding human behaviour. The emphasis it has put on cognitive processes as well as on cognitive structures opened new ways of understanding how both «normal and pathological behaviour is being constructed. (Il) Cognitive Psychology also presented new ways of explaining old phenomena such as transference, empathy, or resistance. Finally, (I) the theorists of Cognitive Psychology have developed fairly new psychotherapeutic ‘models that are either an outcome of the application of cognitive principles only, or a combination of cognitive ideas with psychodynamic or systemic theories. ABSTRACT Key words: clinical psychology, cognitive / behavioral psychotherapy, cognitive psychology. ‘Address: Anastasia Kalantzi-Azizi, Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, llissia, 157 84 Athens, Greece. Tel.: *30-1-7249000, ext. 2525. Fax: *30-1- 7248979 Email; JPARASK@ATLAS.UOA.ARIADNE-T.GR,