The Aswan Dam, also known as the High Dam, is a large hydroelectric dam located on the Nile

River in Aswan, Egypt. The construction work on the Aswan Dam began in 1960.

The dam’s primary purpose was to control the Nile’s flooding, provide water for irrigation, and
generate electricity. The construction has had a significant effect on the economy and culture
of Egypt. This event is connected to the World Heritage Convention because it highlighted the
need to rescue and preserve the archaeological treasures of Nubia, which were threatened by
the rising waters. These monuments were at risk of being submerged due to the rising waters
caused by the dam. As a result, UNESCO launched a campaign to relocate and preserve these
cultural treasures.

Countries part of the World Heritage Convention cooperate to protect and preserve cultural
and natural heritage sites. In return, they can receive international recognition and support for
the conservation and maintenance of these sites. Financial assistance and expertise also may
be provided to help countries safeguard their heritage for future generations.