Process-based

Writing

Brainstorming
Generate ideas.

Expanding
Extend the ideas by
making notes.

Planning
Organise the ideas
into a diagram.

Drafting
Turn the ideas into
sentences and link
them.
Proofreading

Check the content,

grammar, and
vocabulary.
Redrafting
Rewrite the text.
 AN E-MAIL
ABOUT A TRIP

Brainstorming
Generate ideas.

1. When and where: last summer / London

2. Who I went with: students

3. How we got there: by bus

4. Interesting places and activities: Buckingham

Palace, Changing Guard, British Museum.

5. Opinion: fascinating city.

Expanding
Extend the ideas by making notes.

1. When and where: last summer from Winchester

to London.

2. Who I went with: my English students

3. How we got there: we caught a bus from W to L.

4. Interesting places and activities: visited

Buckingham Palace, saw Changing Guard, visited
the British Museum.

5. Opinion: fascinating city + good public

transport connections.
 AN E-MAIL
ABOUT A TRIP

Planning
Organise the ideas into a diagram.

OPENING (introduces the topic)

1. When and where: last summer from Winchester

to London.

2. Who I went with: my English students

3. How we got there: we caught a bus from W to L.

BODY (gives details about the topic)

4. Interesting places and activities: visited

Buckingham Palace, saw Changing Guard, visited
the British Museum.

CLOSING (summarises the topic or

gives a conclusion or opinion)
5. Opinion: fascinating city + good public
transport connections.
 AN E-MAIL
ABOUT A TRIP

Drafting
Turn the ideas into sentences
and link them.

OPENING
Hi John,
Last summer, my English students and I caught a
bus from Winchester to the beautiful city of
London. We spent a great time there.

BODY
When we arrived in London, we visited the
Buckingham Palace. We saw the place where
Elizabeth II used to live when she was alive. We
also had the chance to see Changing the Guard.
After that, we went to the most important and
visited museum in London which is the British
Museum. There, we could learnt a lot of history
from different places such as America, Ancient
Egypt, Ancient Greece Rome, Asia and so forth.

CLOSING
London is a fascinating city you should visit at
least once in a lifetime. Because there are good
public transport connections, we got around
really easily. I’d definitely go again with my
students.

Estefanía.
 AN E-MAIL
ABOUT A TRIP
Proofreading +
Redrafting
Check the content, grammar,
and vocabulary.
+
Rewrite the text

OPENING
Hi John,
Last summer, my English students and I caugt /
caught a bus from Winchester to the beautiful
city of London. We spent a great time there.

BODY
When we arrived in London, we visited the
Buckingham Palace. We saw the place where
Elizabeth II used to live when she was alive. We
also had the chance to see Changing the Guard.
After that, we went to the most important and
visited museum in London which is the British
Museum. There, we could learnt a lot of history
from different places such as America, Ancient
Egypt, Ancient Greece Rome, Asia and so forth.

CLOSING
London is a fascinating city you should visit at
least once in a lifetime. Because there are good
public transport connections, we got around
really easily. I’d definitely go again with my
students.

Estefanía.
 AN E-MAIL
ABOUT A TRIP

EXAMPLE:

OPENING

Hi (Recipient’s Name),
Last year, (who you went with) caught a (transport)
from (place) to the beautiful city of (place). We
spent a great time there.

BODY
When we arrived in (place), we visited the
(something important from that place). We saw
(extra info about the mentioned place). We also
had the chance to see (another place). After that,
we went to the most important and visited
(another place). There, (extra info about the last
place).

CLOSING
(Place) is a fascinating city you should visit at
least once in a lifetime. Because there are good
public transport connections, we got around
really easily. I’d definitely go again with (people).

(My Name)