MODULE 5: CONCEPTS OF LEADERSHIP 10/20/2022

MODULE 5

Basic Leadership Training

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Hello! How are you? Students of Pamantasan ng mga eStudyanteng numero Uno
(PSU). With this, the global pandemic that we are experiencing now, still life must go on.
We have to remember that everything happens for a reason. There will be a change
coming our way. We need to adapt and have faith in Him, who knows what is best for us
for intellectual, emotional, and spiritual aspects.

I am sure that you are ready to learn the BASIC LEADERSHIP in this module.
As a learner who wants to be a Leader in the future, you will be provided lessons and
learning activities about the different types of leadership, like the significance of a
leader's functions, roles, responsibilities, and skills. The kind of leadership style that your
community needs this trying times. It will be an exciting topic for us to learn.

CO3: Manifest the following Filipino core values: pagkaMaka-Diyos,

pagkaMakatao, pagkaMakabansa, and pagkaMakakalikasan in supporting the NSTP
activities contributory to the general welfare and betterment of life of the members of the
community.

After studying this module, you are expected to:

1. Distinguish the different types of leadership.
2. Identify a leader in the community who manifests leadership characteristics that are
worth emulating.
3. Devise a proposed action plan on preventing the spread of COVID-19 in their
community/ barangay using the leadership principles and attributes of successful leaders.

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Activity 5.1

Explain about the proverb “Ang mga lider ay tinuturing na huwaran” (Leaders are always taken
as role models). 10 points for this Activity 5.1

"The greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things. He is the one that
gets the people to do the greatest things."
– Ronald Reagan

Now you are ready to go on to the first part of Module 5, which is the different leadership types
or styles.

What is a leadership style?

A leadership style refers to a leader’s methods and behaviors when directing, motivating, and
managing others. A person’s leadership style also determines how they strategize and implement
plans while accounting for the expectations of stakeholders and the wellbeing of their team.

The Term Leadership style refers to behavioral pattern employed by a leader to integrate
organizational and personal interests in the pursuits of some goal or objective. The type of
leadership style available in an organization has a great deal to do with the implementation of
strategies.

Why It’s Important to Know Your Leadership Style?

Knowing your leadership style is critical because it can help you determine how you affect those
whom are under your direct influence. Do they feel you’re an effective leader?

It’s always important to ask for feedback to understand how you’re doing, but knowing your
leadership style prior to asking for feedback can be a helpful starting point. Each leadership style
has its pitfalls, allowing you to proactively remediate areas of improvement. This is critical
because some employees might hesitate to speak up.

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Types of Leadership Styles

1. Autocratic Leadership
2. Bureaucratic Leadership
3. Charismatic Leadership
4. Democratic or Participative Leadership
5. Laissez-Faire or Delegative Leadership
6. Servant Leadership
7. Transactional Leadership
8. Transformational Leadership

Characteristics of Leadership styles

1. Risk Taking: Willingness to make high — risk, high-return decisions.

2. Technology: Degree of commitment to planning, employment of technically qualified
persons, and practice of management science techniques.
3. Organicity: Degree of loose and flexible organizational structuring; low organicity is
mechanistic in tightly structured organizations.
4. Participation: High participation implies extensive participation of those other than the top
management in key positions.
5. Coercion: High coercion means extensive use of fear and domination by top managers as a
management technique.

When the management style matches the strategic choice (firm’s environment), firms tend to be
more effective. However, the leadership style that an individual select should depend on the
situation in which he finds himself, the type of strategy to be managed, and the general
environmental variables.

Write a simple essay from among the leadership style that you want to adopt in the future.

With the Minimum 250 words. 30 points for this Self Check Test 1

5.1 AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP

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"Nobody is going to delegate a lot of power to a secretary that they can’t control."

– Micheal Bloomberg

How do you picture an autocratic leader?

We picture someone barging into the room and telling people what to do.

As the name hints, autocratic leadership is a boss-centered approach to leadership. The leader has
absolute control over the entire operation. They have a top-down approach to communication.
They dictate instructions, policies, and activities and expect the followers to comply. You can
see high power dynamics going on between the leader and the followers.

Autocratic leaders give little to no importance to socializing and team-building activities. These
leaders take no input or feedback from group members. They assess a situation from their own
perspective.

Key Characteristics of Autocratic Leadership Style

⮚ Works best when a quick decision needs to be made.

⮚ An autocratic leadership style might help suppress a conflict in the short run. But it does
not solve the conflict.
⮚ There occurs a colossal lack of trust in this leadership style on the subordinates. It is why
the power to make all the decisions lie in the hands of the leader.

You may be an autocratic leader if you:

● Have self-confidence

● Are self-motivated

● Communicate clearly and consistently

● Follow the rules

● Are dependable

● Value highly structured environments

● Believe in supervised work environments

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Benefits: Autocratic leaders can promote productivity through delegation, provide clear and
direct communication, and reduce employee stress by making decisions quickly on their own.

Challenges: Autocratic leaders are often prone to high levels of stress because they feel
responsible for everything. Since they lack flexibility and often do not want to hear others’ ideas,
these leaders are often resented by the team.

Example: Before an operation, the surgeon carefully recounts the rules and processes of the
operation room with every team member who will be helping during the surgery. She wants to
ensure everyone is clear on the expectations and follows each procedure carefully and exactly so
the surgery goes as smoothly as possible.

Advantages:
⮚ Faster decision-making

⮚ Strong motivation to the leader

⮚ Suitability.

Disadvantages:

⮚ No role in decision-making

⮚ Exploitation of employees

⮚ No opportunity for creativity

⮚ Frustration

⮚ No development of leadership skill

⮚ Slavery attitude.

5.2. BUREAUCRATIC LEADERSHIP

"The bureaucracy is a circle from which no one can escape. Its hierarchy is a hierarchy of
knowledge."
– Karl Marx

Bureaucratic leaders live by the rules. There are certain times that you expect to get things done
by “the book.”

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You want to get a tattoo and expect the tattoo artist to follow the original procedure. You want to
get your car repaired, and you want the mechanic to fix the problem by the rules. Likewise, you
want to lead your team by the laws of the book.

Bureaucratic leaders always follow specific rules and stick to those at all times. Yet, this
leadership style can be very rigid at times. This rigidity restricts the level of creativity in the
process.

Characteristics of Bureaucratic Leadership Style

⮚ A bureaucratic leader loves rules, policies and follows procedures meticulously.

⮚ Decision-making processes are typically slow-paced.

⮚ There is no room for new ideas or innovations. Employees follow routine methods of
problem-solving.
⮚ A management approach of this sort is also very well-organized. Leaders here delegate
the tasks as per ranks for better results and accountability.

You may be a bureaucratic leader if you:

● Are detail-oriented and task-focused

● Value rules and structure

● Have a great work ethic

● Are strong-willed

● Have a commitment to your organization

● Are self-disciplined

Benefits: The bureaucratic leadership style can be efficient in organizations that need to follow
strict rules and regulations. Each person in the team/company has a clearly defined role which
leads to efficiency. These leaders separate work from relationships to avoid clouding the team's
ability to hit goals.

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Challenges: This style does not promote creativity which can feel restricting to some employees.
This leadership style is also slow to change and does not thrive in an environment that needs to
be dynamic.

Example: Managers at a Department of Motor Vehicles office instruct their employees to work
within a specific, defined framework. They must take many steps to complete a task with strict
order and rules.

Advantages
i. It enhances the morale and job satisfaction of the employees.

ii. Democratic leadership develops positive attitude and reduces resistance to change.

iii. It enhances the decision making ability of the employees.

iv. Better decisions are ensured by autocratic leadership style.

v. The abilities of leader are multiplied through the contribution of the subordinates.

vi. Labor turnover and labor absenteeism are reduced in democratic style.

Disadvantages:
i. It is time consuming style and it is found delays in decision making.

ii. The expectation of consultation on every issues may develop a bad habit in the subordinates
and in the adverse case they may feel frustration if they are not consulted.

iii. It may not provide positive result when subordinates prefer minimum interaction with the
leader.

iv. It requires better communicating and persuasive skill on the part of the leader.

v. Consultation by leader during problem solving may suffer due to incompetency.

5.3 CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP

"Charisma is the intangible that makes people want to follow you, to be around you, to be
influenced by you."
– Roger Dawson

Charismatic leaders are the ones who can walk the talk. The leaders of this style are masters of
communication and persuasion with a sense of charm. They have a specific type of appeal,

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attraction, and magnetism. It helps them gain people to follow their lead. They inspire, excite,
and spark enthusiasm among the team members.

Some charismatic leaders that we can think of are Dalai Lama and Obama. They exude warmth
and presence when they walk into a room. It is, what they call, the aura!

Some people are born charismatic, and some acquire it with time and experience.

Key characteristics of Charismatic Leadership Style

⮚ Charismatic leaders are very confident in their approach. They rarely have any self-doubt
about their decisions and possess a very influential personality.
⮚ They have an influence over a large group of followers.

⮚ They fuel the motives of the employees and believe in the ability of the employees.

⮚ They place high expectations and competence and act as a role model for the employees.

5.4 DEMOCRATIC OR PARTICIPATIVE LEADERSHIP

A functioning, robust democracy requires a healthy educated, participatory followership, and

an educated, morally grounded leadership."
– Chinua Achebe

Democratic leadership is exactly what it sounds like — the leader makes decisions based on the
input of each team member. Although he or she makes the final call, each employee has an equal
say on a project's direction.

Democratic leadership is one of the most effective leadership styles because it allows lower-level
employees to exercise authority they'll need to use wisely in future positions they might hold. It
also resembles how decisions can be made in company board meetings.

Democratic leadership, also known as participative leadership or shared leadership, is a type of

leadership style in which members of the group take a more participative role in the decision-
making process. This type of leadership can apply to any organization, from private businesses to
schools to government.

Democratic leadership style has what you call the "two is better than one" philosophy.
Democratic leaders emphasize the inputs and ideology of workers. The business world also calls
it "participative leadership”.

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This type of leader makes the final decision. But at other times, democratic leaders may delegate
power to followers. Having said that, a democratic leader is not off the hook. They are still
accountable for all the outcomes.

This is the decentralized approach to power and authority. (Contrasts with the centralized
approach of autocratic leaders, which we will address later.)

Core functions

Let’s first examine the core functions of a democratic leadership framework. One of the most
commonly used set of democratic leadership functions came from Gastil’s 1994 article. In the
article, Gastil outlined the three core elements you need for the framework to work:

Democratic leadership attempts to manage with democratic principles, such as self-

determination, inclusiveness, equal participation and deliberation. The following three features
characterize democratic leadership:

● Distribution of responsibility - A manager that leads democratically will distribute

responsibility among his group to facilitate participation in decision making. Gastil
quoted Krech et al, who wrote in 1962, that the leader must aim “to evoke maximum
involvement and the participation of every member in the group activities and in the
determination of objectives

● Empowering group members - Leaders must empower their members so that the
members can accomplish their responsibilities. Empowerment includes providing
training and education necessary for delegated task completion.

● Aiding group decision-making process - A major role of a democratic leader is to

ensure democratic deliberation in making group decisions. This means that a leader

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should act as a facilitator and mediator between group members and ensure that a
psychologically healthy and respectful environment is maintained.

Democratic leadership style has what you call the "two is better than one" philosophy.
Democratic leaders emphasize the inputs and ideology of workers. The business world also calls
it "participative leadership”.

This type of leader makes the final decision. But at other times, democratic leaders may
delegate power to followers. Having said that, a democratic leader is not off the hook. They are
still accountable for all the outcomes.

This is the decentralized approach to power and authority. (Contrasts with the centralized
approach of autocratic leaders, which we will address later.)

Key characteristics of Democratic Leadership Style

⮚ A democratic leader seeks inputs and feedback from followers to make decisions.

⮚ The leader believes that they can make the best decision with lots of inputs from
followers.
⮚ Not the best approach for a crisis when there is high pressure and time is short.

⮚ This leadership style emphasizes the aspect of equality in the workplace.

Followers of this style take all inputs into account, irrespective of ranks.

You may be a democratic/participative leader if you:

● Value group discussions

● Provide all information to the team when making decisions

● Promote a work environment where everyone shares their ideas

● Are rational

● Are flexible

● Are good at mediation

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Benefits: Under this leadership style employee can feel empowered, valued and unified. It has
the power to boost retention and morale. It also requires less managerial oversight, as employees
are typically part of decision-making processes and know what they need to do.

Challenges: This leadership style has the potential to be inefficient and costly as it takes a long
time to organize big group discussions, obtain ideas and feedback, discuss possible outcomes and
communicate decisions. It also can add social pressure to members of the team who don’t like
sharing ideas in group settings.

Example: As a store manager, Jack has hired many brilliant and focused team members he
trusts. When deciding on storefronts and floor design, Jack acts only as the final moderator for
his team to move forward with their ideas. He is there to answer questions and present possible
improvements for his team to consider.

Advantages of Democratic leadership

⮚ It enhances the morale and job satisfaction of the employees.

⮚ Democratic leadership develops positive attitude and reduces resistance to change.

⮚ It enhances the decision making ability of the employees.

⮚ Better decisions are ensured by autocratic leadership style.

⮚ The abilities of leader are multiplied through the contribution of the subordinates.

⮚ Labor turnover and labor absenteeism are reduced in democratic style.

Disadvantages:

⮚ It is time consuming style and it is found delays in decision making.

⮚ The expectation of consultation on every issues may develop a bad habit in the
subordinates and in the adverse case they may feel frustration if they are not consulted.
⮚ It may not provide positive result when subordinates prefer minimum interaction with the
leader.
⮚ It requires better communicating and persuasive skill on the part of the leader.

⮚ Consultation by leader during problem solving may suffer due to incompetency.

5.5 LAISSEZ-FAIRE (DELEGATIVE) LEADERSHIP

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If you pick the right people and give them the opportunity to spread their wings and put
compensation as a carrier behind it, you almost don’t have to manage them."

– Jack Welch
"Laissez-Faire" is a French term meaning let do or let them do it. Some critics call it the “Zero
leadership” style. It is a philosophy of non-interference. Leaders will give directions or goals and
are less likely to check on you. They have fewer meetings and expect you to do it on your own.

Key characteristics of Laissez-Faire Leadership Style

⮚ A laissez-faire leader places a lot of trust in their members and their abilities.

⮚ This management style works by allowing greater employee autonomy. It subsequently

adds to more creativity in the workplace.
⮚ Constructive feedback is a vital component of this leadership style.

You may be a laissez-faire leader if you:

● Effectively delegate

● Believe in freedom of choice

● Provide sufficient resources and tools

● Will take control if needed

● Offer constructive criticism

● Foster leadership qualities in your team

● Promote an autonomous work environment

Benefits: This style encourages accountability, creativity and a relaxed work environment which
often leads to higher employee retention rates.

Challenges: Laissez-faire leadership style does not work well for new employees, as they need
guidance and hands-on support in the beginning. This method can also lead to a lack of structure,
leadership confusion and employees not feeling properly supported.

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Example: When welcoming new employees, Keisha explains that her engineers can set and
maintain their own work schedules as long as they are tracking and hitting goals they set together
as a team. They are also free to learn about and participate in projects outside of their team.

5. 6. SERVANT LEADERSHIP

"The first responsibility of a leader is to define reality. The last is to say thank you. In
between, the leader is a servant."
– Max De Pree

The servant leaders operate on the idea of service first, lead later.

This style of leadership runs on the motto, “You manage other people the way you would like to
manage.” You ensure that everyone knows their job. Ensure that they have all the tools and
supplies they need before they begin. If they don’t, you offer them everything they need to
succeed.

This style is a favorite among the workers. It works wonders for employee morale and employee
experience. But if you don’t balance it, this can lead to your team running the show. It can result
in a lack of authority, a little direction, and vision.

Key Characteristics of Servant Leadership Style

⮚ This style has a high degree of awareness toward the team. Leaders of this category are
great listeners. It gives them a better understanding of the team’s strengths and
weaknesses.
⮚ Great for building respect, trust, and loyalty.

⮚ Helpful in building a solid company culture.

You may be a servant leader if you:

● Motivate your team

● Have excellent communication skills

● Personally care about your team

● Encourage collaboration and engagement

● Commit to growing your team professionally

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Benefits: Servant leaders have the capacity to boost employee loyalty and productivity, improve
employee development and decision-making, cultivate trust and create future leaders.

Challenges: Servant leaders can become burnt-out as they often put the needs of their team
above their own. They may have a hard time being authoritative when they need to be.

Example: A product manager hosts monthly one-on-one coffee meetings with everyone that has
concerns, questions or thoughts about improving or using the product. This time is meant for her
to address the needs of and help those who are using the product in any capacity.

5.7 TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP

"The task of leadership is not to put greatness into people, but to elicit it, for the greatness is
there already."
– John Buchan

What comes to your mind when you see the word “transaction”? In literal terms, it means the
agreement to buy or sell something. In this case, the deal is between the leader and followers.

Transactional leadership is a "give and take" scenario. Reward or penalizes your employees
according to the organization's standards. Everyone knows what to do, why to do it, and to what
standard. Evaluation of employee performance happens with predefined criteria and goals.

This style can be effective if the employees are also motivated by perks and benefits. It works
best where the tasks are repetitive and goal-oriented.

Key characteristics of transactional leadership style

⮚ Focuses on concise goal setting and communicating clear expectations to the employees.

⮚ The employees need to be equally motivated by getting the proper amount of rewards and
recognition.
⮚ Ideal for large corporations with global teams.

⮚ Transactional leaders prefer typical workflow and satisfy the daily quota.

You may be a transactional leader if you:

● Value corporate structure

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● Micromanage

● Don’t question authority

● Are practical and pragmatic

● Value goal-hitting

● Are reactionary

Benefits: Transactional leaders facilitate the achievement of goals, through short-term goals and
a clearly defined structure.

Challenges: Being overly focused on short-term goals and not having long-term goals can cause
a company to struggle with adversity. This style stifles creativity and is not motivating to
employees who are not incentivized by monetary rewards.

Example: A bank branch manager meets with each member of the team bi-weekly to discuss
ways they can meet and exceed monthly company goals to get their bonuses. Each of the top 10
performers in the district receives a monetary reward.

5.8 TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP

“If you want something new, you have to stop doing something old."

– Peter Drucker

This leadership style believes in the concept of transforming anything into something better.
Transformational leaders provide the team members opportunities to explore different ideas and
approaches. They let their creative juices flow.

You make your team feel that you care about them by putting them first. You express care and
concern for your team members and their problems. It fosters a sense of bonding, belonging, and
loyalty towards the organization.

But relying on praise and nurturing can also lead to mediocre performance over time. It can also
result in a lack of strong, clear direction for the company. Leaders should establish a balance to
ensure that people don't get too comfortable.

Key characteristics of Transformational Leadership Style

⮚ Works best when you need fresh ideas or new perspectives.

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⮚ There is also a particular appetite for risk in this leadership style. It is because leaders are
always on the lookout for better ways. It means going out of one's comfort zone.
⮚ This style encourages both the professional and personal growth of the employees.

You may be a transformational leader if you:

● Have mutual respect with your team

● Provide encouragement

● Inspires others to achieve their goals

● Think of the big picture

● Places value on intellectually challenging your team

● Are creative

● Have a good understanding of organizational needs

Benefits: Transformational leadership values personal connections with their teams, which can
boost company morale and retention. It also values the ethics of the company and team instead of
being entirely goal-oriented.

Challenges: Since transformational leaders look at individuals, it can cause team or company
wins to go unnoticed. These leaders can also overlook details.

Example: Reyna is hired to lead a marketing department. The CEO asks her to set new goals and
organize teams to reach those objectives. She spends the first months in her new role getting to
know the company and marketing employees. She gains a strong understanding of current trends
and organizational strengths. After three months, she has set clear targets for each of the teams
that report to her and asked individuals to set goals for themselves that align with those.

Self-Check Test 2

Identify the following Types of Leadership:

_________1. These leaders take no input or feedback from group members.

_________2. These leaders always follow specific rules and stick to those at all times. This
leadership style can be very rigid at times.

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________ 3. This Styles are masters of communication with a sense of charm.

________ 4. This is one of the most effective leadership styles because it allows lower –level
employees to exercise authority they’ll need to use in future positions they might hold.

________ 5. These leaders place a lot of trust in their members and their abilities.

VIDEO: Leadership Styles

Please click the below link to watch the video:

https://youtu.be/j6FSaHVufZc

Leadership styles in the age of Covid-19

Covid-19 has made it difficult and cumbersome for both businesses and life in general. It was a
crisis that was new and unprecedented for everyone. There is no perfect way to handle a problem
- it is a constant trial-and-error method.

According to a report by Upwork, 26.7% of the American workforce will still be working
remotely in 2021 and 22% by 2025.

Thus, leaders must analyze their leadership styles. They must brush up on their leadership
practices, especially for the post-Covid era. It doesn’t matter which leadership style you have;
make sure you focus on these factors.

Three focus areas that leaders need to inculcate during a crisis-

⮚ Communication -
Communication is the key to good leadership and employee engagement. The power of human
connection keeps everyone moving and strive towards success. Maintain a communication
routine and stick to it. Even for the days when the employees have nothing new to say.
Understand what is being said and not said. It will make everyone stay on track and never miss
out on information.

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⮚ Promote employee well-being -

People working from home are managing both work and personal life. It will make them feel
stressed, burned out, or experience workplace loneliness. Leaders must analyze how the
company’s health and well-being benefits can support employees. Not to miss emotional well-
being too.

⮚ Flexibility and Adaptability -

Leaders must understand and empathize with their employees. So they must inculcate flexibility
and adaptability. Leaders must open up to new ideas and suggestions. It makes work from home
more productive for the employees. This will also help reach the organization's long-term
objectives.

Types of leadership Approaches that can help the Leaders during the Covid crisis-

1. Democratic - Taking inputs and suggestions from your team in uncertain times will
benefit everyone. It can also foster a mutual sense of respect and a better approach to
decision-making.
2. Transformational - It is always a good idea to give a voice to the employees. Let them
put forward new views and opinions. It helps the leaders to understand the situation. It
strengthens the bond and trust with your employees by showing that you hear their
voices.
3. Charismatic - When people are looking for calm in the storm, a charismatic leader can
act as the anchor and help people ground themselves and clarify purpose. Sometimes it’s
good to bring some humor in the workplace and lighten up the moods.

4. Servant - According to a Forbes article, Servant leadership is one of the best approaches
to leadership during stressful times like Covid. Employees have reported low levels of
stress and anxiety and high levels of employee engagement who worked under a Servant
leader. Servant leaders pay attention to employees’ emotional well-being and happiness
which helps them cope with the pandemic stress.

Leadership takes skills and hard work to excel in one’s environment. An effective leadership
style is not something that is carved in stone. Anyone can pick or drop any leadership style or
combine them depending on the situation and people. It depends on one’s resilience, emotional
intelligence, and experience while elevating their overall leadership qualities. Keep in mind that
it is an ongoing process that solely depends on adapting to the corporate world’s changing
dynamics.

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Moreover, one of the strongest leadership qualities can be seen in the military. In businesses, we
have colleagues and co-workers. In the military, they have brothers and sisters. They might fight
and bicker, but when faced with challenges, they stand united.

But how did they create a bond as strong as blood relations out of strangers?
Common values, common beliefs, and a strong sense of belonging.

Help your employees succeed. Help them build their confidence and achieve more than they and
you have ever imagined. That’s leadership!

Self-Check Test 3
Pick one Types of Leadership approaches. Then cite a situation during the Covid crisis that can
help the leader. (25 points)

Ten (10) Basic Skills of Outstanding Leadership:

1. Integrity
Refers to having strong internal guiding principles that one does not compromise. It
means treating others as you wish to be treated.

2. Vision. Strategy
A leader must have a clear idea where his or her organization and unit are going beyond
this month’s result of this year’s budget. Where is it going in the long term?

A leader must be clear about this and needs to refer frequently to the vision, mission, and
values of the organization in their communications with others. Vision is another
example of essential leadership quality.

3. Communication
How much and how willingly do you speak out and keep information flowing?

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Communication in the context of leadership refers to both interpersonal communications

between the leader and followers and the overall flow of needed information throughout
the organization.

4. Relationships
What are the level of trust and respectful feelings you have with each of your employees?
With each of your peers? How easy or difficulty is it for you to initiate a new
relationship? Deepen existing relationships?

Networking is also a relationship skill. A leader who likes dealing with people issues,
who can initiate and deepen relationship with others, has a great leadership advantage.
This is a leader who can build a team and achieve impressive results.

5. Persuasion
The ability to influence others and cause them to move in a particular direction is highly
important leadership skill. Leadership is often defined as the ability to persuade or
influence others to do something’s they might not have done with the leader’s persuasion.

6. Adaptability
Adaptability and flexibility in not being bound by a plan are important success factors in
leadership today. The leader must move easily from one set of circumstances to the next
and take them all in stride, even when the circumstance is unexpected. A good leader has
to embrace change and see it as an opportunity.

7. Coaching and Development

Developing others is an important role for a leader. Encouraging others to expand their
capabilities and take on additional assignments is part of the leader’s responsibility.
Leaders who feel threatened by the capabilities of others are challenged in this area.

8. Decision-making
A leader must be able to wade through information, comprehend what’s relevant, make a
well-considered decision and take action based on that decision. Making decisions too
quickly or too slowly will impede leadership effectiveness. Decisiveness is another
example of an essential leadership quality.

9. Planning
Planning involves making certain assumptions about the future and taking actions in the
present to positively influence that future. To plan means to focus more strategically.
Plans are important for guidance and focus, but plans can seldom be cast in stone.

10. Teamwork
A leader must know how to build and nurture such a team. A good leader knows when to
be a leader and when to be a follower.

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HOW TO BE A GREAT MANAGER THROUGH STRONG LEADERSHIP

Being known as a strong leader is easy to obtain when you know in your heart you are
doing the right thing for the “good of all.” Here are five key points, which are the pillars
to being a successful leader.

1. Develop trust and credibility.

When people trust you, they will be more inclined to follow you. If they follow you,
and you have all the pieces of the puzzle in place as described throughout this course,
you will succeed. A leader builds trust by considering the “good of all” when making
decisions. Leaders do not abuse their power, but build trust by using it properly.
Trust fosters collaboration, which contributes to openly sharing information, which
then creates a solid team who supports each other. Trust is based on the respect and
expectations of a leader who cares and acts with compassion in a most positive way.

With trust there is:

✔ Honesty

✔ Integrity

✔ Compassion

✔ Fairness

✔ Good relationships

2. Share the vision with absolute clarity.

Leaders need to share the vision of what they want their department to achieve. For
example, a leader might share a vision like, “We will be a world class customer
service organization that provides the benchmark for customer satisfaction.” To get
others to see and understand your vision, you need to motivate and inspire with the
same enthusiasm and positivity you have inside you.

It is vital, however, that your team understands the vision, and is 100% clear on the
objectives. You are striving for a better and secure future, while eliminating the
common work-related fears. People with a shared vision are more productive and
have a greater sense of achievement. Inspire them to follow the processes and
procedures you will put in place to achieve the vision.

3. Be there to help them succeed

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Coaching, mentoring, communicating, and listening. Great interpersonal skills are vital
for a successful leader. You don’t lead by hiding behind your desk. Be out there and
find the strengths and talents of your employees, and place them where they can shine.
They need to know how their strengths serve the objectives. Show them the respect they
deserve, and you have their interests at heart.

The most important aspect here is that you are always looking at ways to help develop
your employees’ unique skills, both individually and as a group, for a better future
including possible growth in the company. This is a win for the company as well. The
company will gain more productive employees, not to mention you will look good in
upper management’s eyes.

4. Make the decisions and be held accountable.

As a leader are expected to take some chances and you might make some risky decisions.
In saying that, as people expect to be held accountable in their job performance, they also
expect you to be held accountable as their leader. If you fail or deny any wrong doing on
your part, or place blame on someone else, you will lose credibility and not be seen as an
effective leader.

Being held accountable is also a positive thing, as you want to be known for the good
things that you do. The same goes for your employees as it makes them feel important
and appreciated. If you do not already have the nerve and confidence to confront people,
you will eventually, as the contents of this course should lift your confidence and ego
immensely.

5. Keep it all under control and headed in the right direction.

The objective of every leader should come with the mindset of striving for “mission
accomplished.” You, as leader and manager, need to focus on what’s most important
related to the vision and goals of the organization. You need to eliminate chaos and
be known as a person with authority who can make the right decisions. You might
have 5 projects going on at once, but focusing more on the least important when the
most important is in need of help will destroy your vision and miss your goals. Make
sure you get your team to focus on the most important and critical tasks to achieve the
goals related to your vision. By delegating tasks to the right people, fulfillment of the
vision will become more likely.

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MODULE 5: CONCEPTS OF LEADERSHIP 10/20/2022

Now let us pause and once again, take a look at the things we have learned so far from this
module. Please complete the following statements below:

After performing the virtual activity, I learned that ____________________________________.

This is what I still don’t understand ________________________________________________.

Here is how I answer the self-check Test ____________________________________________.

For these reason, I know why _____________________________________________________.

Great job so far, my dear students! Now that you have studied the topic for this module, let us
check how much you have learned.

LET US ASSESS

1. Did you experience to become a leader in your community or in your

classroom work or Classroom officer?

2. Can you tell me about a time when you demonstrated leadership skills?

3. Are you able to delegate responsibilities efficiently?

4. What can you do to motivate a team?

5. What value are most important to you as a leader?

6. Are you able to collaborate with others and accept new ideas?

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Description Critical Understanding/ Grammar Score

Thinking Knowledge and Spelling
of the Topic
Excellent The Has a full level of Grammar and
statements understanding on the spelling have
are all subject matter no error
relevant
with the given
topic
Very The Has an above average level Grammar and
Satisfactory statements of understanding on the spelling have
are 81 to 95% subject matter one to two
relevant to the errors
topic
Satisfactory The Has an average level of Grammar and
statements understanding on the spelling have
are 50% to subject matter three to 7
80% errors
relevant to the
topic
Poor The statement Low level of understanding Grammar and
is on the subject matter spelling have
below 50% 8 and more
relevant to the errors
topic
Total Score (100
%)

Directions: Students will group themselves into five members of each group and
create a video clip presentation showing the proposed action plan on preventing
CoViD – 19 in their community/Barangay using successful leaders' leadership
principles and attributes.

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MODULE 5: CONCEPTS OF LEADERSHIP 10/20/2022

Rubric
Video Clips Presentation
Beginning Developing Accomplished Distinguished
1-5 Points 6-10 Points 11-15 Points 16-20 Points
Content & Not organized Portion may be Fairly well Program shows a
Organization: Is Difficult to poorly documented and continuous
your Video Clips follow documented organized. progression of
organized and Poor quality and/or organized. Format is easy to ideas and tells a
Documented show Hard to follow follow. complete, easily
Poor efforts the progression Good followed. Well
of the story. explanation documented and
Explanation shows good organized,
shown some effort. Excellent, well
effort. thought out,
explanation
shows superior
effort.
Usefulness: Project’s Project Project is Project is
Does your video usefulness is in demonstrated focused and focused and very
stay focused on question. Does development of informative; informative;
an informative not inform; does computer promotes the use promotes the use
topic? not stay focused technology; has of computer of computer
Does it promote on the topic. problems staying technology to technology to
the use of focused on topic. create the video create the video
technology to to deliver and makes others
inform the information. want to use the
audience about same type of
the topic? format in
delivering
information to an
audience.
Creativity & Use of elements Minimal use of Good use of Excellent sense
Element of detracts from design elements, graphics and/or of design.
design: Is your video. Too many No transitions. other design Effective camera
video or too gaudy Sound is lacking elements. Some techniques used
interesting? Did graphics; or inappropriate transitions are for the video and
your choice of transitions, too or scratchy. inappropriately pictures. Video
elements such as many clips, Some pictures or placed. Sound and pictures are I
film clips, backgrounds video clips may quality is OK. focus and of
picture, and/or sounds be out of focus or Video clips or good quality.
background, and detract from “shaky”. pictures are clear Smooth

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MODULE 5: CONCEPTS OF LEADERSHIP 10/20/2022

transition content. Pictures and in focus. transitions are

enhance the or video clips appropriate and
project? may be out of aid in delivery of
focus or “shaky”. the presentation.
Mechanics: Did Includes five or Includes 3-4 Includes 2-3 Grammar,
you check your mare grammatical grammatical spelling,
grammar and grammatical errors, errors, punctuation,
usage? errors, misspellings, misspellings, capitalization are
Have you misspellings, punctuation punctuation correct; sources
correctly punctuation errors; some errors; sources are documented
documented errors; sources sources are are documented correctly and
sources and are not documented but and correctly and copyright law
obeyed copyright documented. not correctly. copyright law has been
rules? has been followed.
followed.
Oral Great difficulty Some difficulty Fairly fluid Well – rehearsed.
Presentation communicating communicating delivery. Voice, eye
Skills: Did you ideas. Poor voice ideas. Poor voice Communicates contact and
respond to the projection; no projections; some ideas with proper pacing hold
questions by the eye contact; no eye contact; no voice projection; interest and
instructor with introduction; introduction; perhaps one attentions of
ease? mispronounced mispronounced a mispronounced audience;
words; stopped few words; long work: made eye introduced self
or had long pauses; contact; and project.
pauses; confused. somewhat introduced self Responded easily
confused. and project. to questions.
Respond to
questions.

REFERENCES

A. Book
1. Ang M.J., Tajolosa, R.A., Mendoza, M.A., Jose, G.E. (2013) NSTP-CWTS 1: Leadership
/ Malabon City, Philippines. Mutya Publishing House.

B. Electronic sources
1. https://accountlearning.com/leadership-style-meaning-characteristics-of-leadership-style/
2. https://www.bartleby.com/essay/The-Core-Functions-Of-A-Democratic-Leadership
3. https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-democratic-leadership
4. https://blog.vantagecircle.com/democratic-leadership/

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5. https://www.masterclassmanagement.com/Leadership_Training-Management_Course-
Key_Points_to_Leadership.htmlttps://blog.vantagecircle.com/leadership-styles/

Prepared by: CBA CWTS Trainers

Reviewed & Checked by: College CWTS Coordinator

29 October 20, 2022