CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this chapter the author will explained the data collection process, data processing

techniques and discuss the results of the data obtained to obtain a conclusion. The results of his

later research can be considered very good, moderate and low towards; The EFL Students’ In

Ability In Identifying The Literal Meaning Of The English Reading Texts., and also, the extend

to which students’ ability to identifying reading texts.

4.1 Research Results

In this study I used quantitative research. The source of the data in this study was taken

from the results of the test scores for the Literal Reading course for students of the first semester

of the second semester of the English Language Education Program ( ELEP) UNIKA Santu

Paulus Ruteng. The model for taking the value of the exam results with the documentation

method. The data collection process that I did was to take the test scores that were already in the

Secretariat Office of the UNIKA Santu Paulus Ruteng English Language Education Program.

Here I don't need to do direct research with second-semester first year students of English

program education. I only took the score from the first semester exam results that were already in

the Secretariat Office of the English Language Study Program. The scores that I took were not

all grade I students' grades, but only some of them would be used as samples. From the sample

test scores, I manage them with statistical calculations or descriptive statistics. And, the results
will be used as a conclusion to determine the extent of "Ability of EFL Students in Identifying

the Literal Meaning of English Reading Texts". I managed the research data using descriptive

statistics using the SPSS formula to find the mean, maximum and minimum values and standard

deviation.

The research time that I did was for one day, namely on June 1, 2023 (data collection

permit attached). The results of the study revealed that the number of first level English

education program students was 104 people. Of the available numbers, I only took the Literal

Reading test scores as a sample of 67 people.

The results of the test scores of first-level students of the English education program in the

Literal Reading course can be described in the following table.

Table 4.1 Data on first grade students' literal Reading Course Scores
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK INDONESIA SANTU PAULUS RUTENG
Jalan Jendral Ahmad Yani Nomor 10 Ruteng, TELP: 0385-22305, Fax: 0385-21097
e-mail : unika@unikastpaulus.ac.id. Website : unikastpaulus.ac.id
HASIL NILAI
No. NIM Nama Absen P. Lain Tugas UTS UAS N.A N.H
(20%) (20%) (20%) (40%)

1 21102002 EUGENIUS CHRISTIAN 13 85 90 100 73 84,20 B+

KURNIA ROGA

2 21102050 THERESIA KURNIA SURYATI 14 95 80 38 53 63,80 C

3 21102111 ERLIANA SANTRI 12 80 85 80 57 71,80 B-

4 22102001 MARIA FELISITAS PENI 14 95 90 85 65 80,00 B+

5 22102002 ELVISIUS PERDEDE 14 95 95 96 85 91,20 A

6 22102004 SELVIANA LEMBU 14 95 80 73 41 66,00 C+

7 22102006 WINI AFRIALININGSI 0 20 0 0 0 4,00 E

8 22102008 OSWALDUS TETEN 14 95 85 72 49 70,00 B-

 NGGIRING JUNIOR

9 22102009 FRANSISKA YOANA 14 95 95 92 65 82,40 B+

SARSARIMIN

10 22102010 MARIA MAGDALENA 14 95 90 94 63 81,00 B+

GUNAM

11 22102012 NATALIA JESIKA DIMUT 14 95 90 62 69 77,00 B

12 22102013 MARIA ALFIANI JEMIDA 14 95 90 73 53 72,80 B-

KARUS

13 22102016 FIDESTRI RIANI MURDIAN 14 95 90 92 85 89,40 A-

14 22102017 BERNADETE SANTI HAUL 14 95 80 56 40 62,20 C

15 22102020 YASINTA ROSIANI SRIRATNA 14 95 95 80 65 80,00 B+

16 22102022 ONESIMUS EDWAR PRIMA 14 95 85 25 69 68,60 C+

BEKIN

17 22102025 EMERENSIANA REMILDA 14 95 80 77 27 61,20 C

18 22102033 THERESIA PERIMAWATI 14 95 90 70 75 81,00 B+

19 22102038 RAFAELA ISABELA JERANUS 14 95 95 85 65 81,00 B+

20 22102042 KATARINA GEFRI ARIPETRO 14 95 95 93 60 80,60 B+

21 22102043 MARIANO JURUHAMAN 14 95 95 100 81 90,40 A

22 22102049 RODRIGUES ALVIANO 14 95 85 69 53 71,00 B-

KASWANDI

23 22102056 ELISABETH S. WAHUL 14 95 80 75 21 58,40 C-

24 22102063 ANGELUS ABENINO YUTA 13 85 85 89 41 68,20 C+

UNGGAS

25 22102065 YOHANES FIRMAN 14 95 90 60 57 71,80 B-

26 22102068 APOLONIUS SION 14 95 85 75 45 69,00 C+

27 22102072 ARSENIUS ARDEN NENGKO 14 95 80 63 21 56,00 C-

28 22102075 MARSELISTIO MARDIANTO 14 95 80 75 50 70,00 B-

MARTO

29 22102079 YOHANA AYU SUKARNI LAU 0 20 0 0 0 4,00 E

30 22102082 FLORENTINA KURNIATI 14 95 95 90 85 90,00 A

31 22102083 MONIKA ALFIANI STAN 14 95 85 71 41 66,60 C+

32 22102089 FLORIANI KARISMA 12 80 80 58 31 56,00 C-
SUGIANTI

33 22102092 PATRICIENA REYNELDIS 13 85 90 77 65 76,40 B

MANTUR

34 22102094 BERNADET ZAI 14 95 95 80 50 74,00 B-

35 22102096 PHILIPUS RINALDI NUN 14 95 90 48 70 74,60 B-

36 22102098 YASINTA MUET 13 85 80 79 36 63,20 C

37 22102101 ANASTASIA BAWUT 14 95 90 83 73 82,80 B+

38 22102106 ADELIA AMSIANA JINA 14 95 80 63 25 57,60 C-

39 22102107 PATRIK EUFRONIUS 14 95 85 87 56 75,80 B

CANGGUK

40 22102109 YULIANI VIVI SAMINA 14 95 85 89 25 63,80 C

41 22102003 FILIPUS DURMAN 14 95 85 69 40 65,80 C+

42 22102015 ANGGUN KARUNIA 14 95 80 64 37 62,60 C

MINGGUS

43 22102018 HELENA VAUSTIN HADO 14 95 80 57 41 62,80 C

44 22102021 FRANSISKUS XAVERIUS 14 95 80 48 22 53,40 D+

SUMANTO JERUBU

45 22102023 ADI FIRMANSYAH 14 95 80 63 37 62,40 C

JARAWADU

46 22102026 ELISABET SERENG 14 95 90 81 53 74,40 B-

47 22102028 FABIOLA ARWARTA 14 95 80 75 27 60,80 C

SARYUNA

48 22102029 BONIVALSIANI JANOR 14 95 95 92 69 84,00 B+

49 22102031 ANJELINA PUTRI SARI 14 95 80 73 44 67,20 C+

50 22102032 JULIUS KARDIMAN 13 85 80 82 37 64,20 C

51 22102034 MARSELINA JEHIRA 14 95 95 51 69 75,80 B

52 22102036 LUSIA NERICA LANGUS 13 85 95 96 73 84,40 B+

53 22102037 HONORATUS RAYNALDO 11 75 85 63 49 64,20 C

KEMIS
54 22102039 DOMINIKA SAFRONI SETIA 14 95 80 15 23 47,20 D

55 22102044 FLAVIANA SARI 14 95 90 88 50 74,60 B-

56 22102047 YASINTA DALMIKA 14 95 80 62 40 63,40 C

57 22102050 EWALDUS AGUNG 14 95 95 72 85 86,40 A-

58 22102053 ANGELINA S. D. P. JEMUT 14 95 80 56 40 62,20 C

59 22102057 ELENIA MAHUS 13 85 85 86 45 69,20 C+

60 22102059 OKTAVIANUS FALDINO 12 80 95 64 75 77,80 B

61 22102061 MARIA SALVIANA HARUM 13 85 80 40 50 61,00 C

62 22102066 ALVIANA RATI 14 95 80 77 49 70,00 B-

63 22102069 PASKALIS ADEODATUS 14 95 95 77 83 86,60 A-

64 22102071 YOHANES JEHADUN 14 95 80 16 33 51,40 D+

65 22102073 MARIANO JELALA 13 85 85 68 45 65,60 C+

66 22102076 PEDRO FRANSISKUS SEBO 9 40 65 82 50 57,40 C-

LAY

67 22102080 ANJELINA SURYANTI 13 85 80 79 33 62,00 C

BAHAGIA

68 22102084 EMELDA RATNASARI AMIN 14 95 95 83 61 79,00 B

69 22102086 KRISTIANUS WANTONO 12 80 85 77 45 66,40 C+

MAS

70 22102087 MARIA OKTAVIANA DHIU 14 95 85 75 53 72,20 B-

71 22102090 YOHANES JAHUR 4 40 0 0 0 8,00 E

72 22102093 GENOVEVA FATEM 14 95 95 81 73 83,40 B+

73 22102095 AQUILINA KURNIA AGAS 14 95 90 83 61 78,00 B

74 22102100 SERAPION RIVALDI 13 85 90 86 57 75,00 B

JANGGUR

75 22102102 NARSIANUS BOMBER 14 95 80 46 0 44,20 E

76 22102104 KATARINA EMBUN 14 95 85 68 45 67,60 C+

From the value data above, after being processed according to statistical analysis calculations, an

overview of the results is obtained which can be described as follows:

4.2 Student Absence Table

Absent Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

Absen 76 ,00 14,00 13,1447 2,57529

Valid N (listwise) 76

From the data table above, the results of the analysis are obtained, namely; the minimum

completeness standard value for absence is 76. This means that a student is said to have passed

when the minimum score obtained is 76 (Passed Score≤76). The minimum value is 0.00. Explain

that students are never present at all. As a result, many students never attend Basic Reading

courses. The maximum value is 14.00. Explain that students are always present. As a result,

many students always attend Literal Reading courses. The mean/average value is 13.1447.

Explain the results of student attendance during the Literal Reading course. These results

indicate that the presence of students who are present is more than those who are not present.

This means that student attendance is entered very well. While the standards deviation value is

2.57529. From the value obtained, this shows that the standard deviation value is very small from

the mean value. This result shows that the standard deviation value is very good. With these

results it can be concluded that the overall value of student attendance is very good.

4.3 Table of Other Ratings

 Other Rating Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

PenilaianLain 76 20,00 95,00 89,0789 15,07118
Valid N (listwise) 76

From the data table above, the results of the analysis are obtained, namely; the minimum

completeness standard value for other assessments is 76. This means that a student is said to

have passed when the minimum score obtained is 76 (Passed Score≤76). The minimum value is

20.00. Explain that there are students whose other judgment results are lower. This means that

there are students who do not meet the criteria for the Literal Reading course. The maximum

value is 95.00. Explain there are students whose other assessment results are very high. This

means that there are students who meet the requirements in the Literal Reading course. The

mean/average value is 89.0789. Explain the results of other judgments against students in the

Literal Reading course. These results indicate that the scores obtained from other assessments for

more students meet the criteria and are classified as very good. While the standards deviation

value is 15.07118. From the value obtained, this shows that the standard deviation value is very

small from the mean value. The results show that the standard deviation value is very good. With

these results it can be concluded that students as a whole meet the criteria for the Basic Reading

course and the very good category.

4.4 Assignment Grades Table

Descriptive Statistics Task

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

Tugas 76 ,00 95,00 82,8289 18,00621
Valid N (listwise) 76
 The value data table above shows the results of the analysis namely; the minimum task

completion standard value is 76. This means that a student is said to have passed if the minimum

score obtained is 76 (Graduation Score≤76). The minimum value is 00.00. Explain that there are

students whose work scores are low. This means that there are still students who do not do

assignments in the Basic Reading course. The maximum value is 95.00. Explain that there are

students whose assignment scores are very high. This means that there are students who are

working on Literal Reading coursework. The mean/average value is 82.8289. Explain the results

of the assignments scores for students as a whole in the Basic Reading course. With these results

indicating that the value obtained from the value of the task more students who do the task and

are classified as very good. While the standards deviation value is 18.00621. From the value

obtained, this shows that the standard deviation value is very small from the average value. Then

the results show that the standard deviation value is very good. With these results it can be

concluded that students as a whole are very good in the Literal Reading course.

4.5 Tabel Nilai UTS

UTS Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

UTS 76 ,00 100,00 69,3289 22,50416
Valid N (listwise) 76

From the table data above, the results of the analysis are obtained, namely; the minimum

completeness standard value for UTS is 76. This means that a student is said to have passed

when the minimum score obtained is 76 (Passed Score≤76). The minimum value is 00.00.

Explain that there are students whose UTS assessment results are very low. This means that there

are students who do not take the UTS in the Basic Reading course. The maximum value is
100.00. Explain that there are students whose UTS assessment results are very high. This means

that there are students who take UTS in the Basic Reading course. The mean/average value is

69.3289. Explain the results of the UTS scores for students as a whole in the Literal Reading

course. These results indicate that the scores obtained from UTS for more students who get low

scores and are classified as not good. While the standards deviation value is 22.50416. From the

value obtained, it shows that the standard deviation value is increasing and the mean value is

decreasing. This result shows that the standard deviation value is not good. With these results it

can be concluded that students as a whole got more UTS scores under the Mixed Minimum

Mastery for the Literal Reading course so they were included less well.

4.6 Tabel Nilai UAS

Descriptive Statistics UAS

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

UAS ,
76 85,00 49,7237 20,67243
00
Valid N (listwise) 76

From the data table above, the results of the analysis are obtained; the minimum

completeness standard value of the UAS score is 76. This means that a student is said to have

passed if the minimum UAS score obtained is 76 (Graduation Score≤76). The minimum value is

00.00. It was explained that there were students whose UAS assessment results were very low.

This means that there are students who do not take the UAS in the Literal Reading course. The

maximum value is 85.00. It was explained that there were students whose UAS scores were very

high. This means that there are students who take the UAS in the Literal Reading course. The

mean/average value is 69.3289. Account, the results overall UAS scores of students in the Literal

Reading course. These results indicate that the scores obtained from the UAS are more students

who get low scores are categorized as not good. While the standards deviation value is 20.67243.
The values obtained indicate that the standard deviation value is increasing and the average value

is decreasing. This results shows that the standard deviation value is not good. With these results

it can be concluded that students as a whole get lower UAS scores in the Literal Reading course.

The scores obtained are more in the criteria under Minimum Mastery so that they are categorized

as not good.

4.7 Tabel Nilai Akhir

Descriptive Statistics Nilai Akhir
N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation
NilaiAkhir 76 4,00 91,20 68,1368 16,45731
Valid N (listwise) 76

The final score is the result of the overall assessment after the items/assessment points are

combined. In other words, the final score is the final score after all types of assessments are

analyzed. From the data table above, the results of the analysis are obtained, namely; the

minimum completeness standard for the final score is 76. This means that a student is said to

have passed the entire process when the final score obtained is at least 76 (Passed Score≤76).

Furthermore, from the final value data obtained, the minimum value is 4.00. Explain that there

are students whose final judgment results are very low. This means that there are students who

do not meet the KKM. The maximum value is 91.20. Explained that there are students whose

final judgment results are very high. This means that there are students who fulfill the KKM in

the Literal Reading course. While the mean /average value is 68.1368. State the average final

score of students as a whole in the Literal Reading course. These results indicate that the final

scores obtained by students are mostly those who get low grades and are classified as not good.

Or the final scores obtained by students still do not meet the KKM. Furthermore, the standard

deviation value is 16.45731. From the value obtained, it shows that the standard deviation value
is increasing from the mean value. And the meaning value is getting down. This result shows that

the standard deviation value is not good. With these results it can be concluded that students as a

whole get more low final scores. Further, scores of under the Minimum Completeness criteria.

So that the final score of the students as a whole for the Literal Reading course is in the

unfavorable category.

4.8 Tabel Perhitungan Secara Keseluruhan

Descriptive Statistics Keseluruhan

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

Absen 76 ,00 14,00 13,1447 2,57529
PenilaianLain 76 20,00 95,00 89,0789 15,07118
Tugas 76 ,00 95,00 82,8289 18,00621
UTS 76 ,00 100,00 69,3289 22,50416
UAS 76 ,00 85,00 49,7237 20,67243
NilaiAkhir 76 4,00 91,20 68,1368 16,45731
Valid N (listwise) 76

The table above illustrates the results of statistical data analysis in the form of an

overview based on rating points. It can be explained that the value of the Absence, Final

Assessment and Assignments items are categorized very well. Where students are more

dominant in following the process so that many scores obtained reach and exceed the KKM.

Meanwhile, the scores for UTS and UAS items were classified as low and not good enough.

Overall, where students are more dominant, the average score is below the KKM.

4.2 Discussion Results of Data Analysis

Based on the results of statistical analysis of the data, the description of the Literal

Reading course score data obtained the average (mean) final grade of 68.1368. The average final

score is the average final score of students in general in the Literal Reading course. The average

final score obtained under the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) is 76. This means that
the final score produced does not reach the KKM. So that it offers a very low or not good final

value. If the value is converted to a number it becomes C (NA<70). The results obtained show that

many student scores do not meet the KKM. Or the scores of students who have not reached the

KKM are more dominant than the scores of students who have reached the KKM (low or poor

scores > high or very good scores). These results illustrate the low ability of students in the

Literal Reading course. Thus it can be concluded that the ability of EFL students to trigger the

literal meaning of English reading texts is still low or not good. By looking at this, students'

abilities need to be improved and processed again so that they are more optimal. Students need to

improve their learning abilities again by following the whole process so that the expected

abilities can be achieved. There must be motivation to learn from students. By increasing the

enthusiasm for learning, students' abilities can develop so that they reach the maximum criteria.

With this then; The ability of EFL students to represent the literal meaning of English reading

texts in Literal Reading courses can be maximized.

4.3 Factors affecting the Low Assessment of Students ability

The results of data analysis of student scores in the Literal Reading course, it can be

explained that the final grade is largely determined by a process. High, medium and low a value

is determined by students ability in carrying out the process. From analysis of the final value

data, the average is very low. The value obtained is under the KKM. The value obtained

illustrates that the students’ ability is still Low and improvements are needed in order to achieve

the maximum criteria.

The factors that affect the final score in the Literal Reading course are very low, namely;

A. The enthusiasm for learning or student learning motivation is still low,

B. Basic abilities of students who are still low who need serious guidance,

C. Student attendance in course lessons is still low,

D. Lack of interest in reading from students, and

E. Lazy students do other assignments.