Grammar Notes PRESENT PROGRESSIVE A. Use Use the present progressive for actions that are happening now (continuing actions). _ Present Progressive Diagram * now * nowadays ; Common + right now + these days | Time Markers * at the moment * currently * at this time * presently + Lam writing an email now. + Mysister is taking a nap. + These days, I’m learning French. We are leaving right now. + The students are working in groups. * He's listening to music at the moment. ExamplesGrammar Notes cont. B. Patterns for Positive Sentences Pattern #1: To form the present progressive (also called the present continuous), use the Be verb with a present participle (-ing form). The Be verb is often shortened into a contraction in speaking and writing. Be +-ing V Singular Plural Singular Plural Pronouns | am walking to work. You are watching TV. He is playing tennis. She is washing the dishes. \tis raining We are eating dinner. You are watching a movie together. They are singing. The dog is chasing the cat. The children are sleeping. Contractions I'm walking to work. You're watching TV. He's playing tennis. She's washing the dishes. It’s raining We're eating dinner. You're watching 2 movie together. They're singing Contractions The dog's chasing the cat. (possible, but informal)Grammar Notes cont. C. Patterns for Negative Sentences Pattern #2: Be + not + -ing V Singular Plural Singular Plural To make a negative present progressive sentence, use not between Pronouns 1am not calling him back You are not cooking dinner. He is not washing his car. She is not playing the guitar. Itis not going well. We are not moving toa new city. You are not studying together. They are not swimming. Nouns That driver is not stopping at the red light. The students are not paying attention. Contractions I'm not calling him back. You’ not cooking dinner. He's not washing his car. She's not playing the guitar. It’s not going well. We're not moving. to anew city. You're not studying together. They're not swimming. Contractions That driver's not stopping at the right light. (possible, but informal) Be and the -ing verb, When the subject is a pronoun, there are two common ways to make contractions (short forms) of the negative verb. You aren't cooking dinner. He isn’t washing his car. She isn’t playing the guitar. Itisn’t going well. We aren't moving to anew city. You aren't studying together. They aren't swimming That driver isn’t stopping at the red light. (more common) The students aren't paying attention.Grammar Notes cont. D. Patterns for Yes/No Questions Pattern #3: Be + Subject + -ing V Singular Plural Singular Plural Are you studying right now? Pronouns ‘Am | bothering you? Is he doing his laundry? Is she playing basketball? Is it snowing? Are we getting a raise? Are you packing for your trip? Are they shopping? Is the manager speaking to her staff? Are the neighbors walking their dog? Yes/No questions in the present progressive tense begin with the Be verb. There are two common ways to make contractions for answers with No. Positive | Yes, you are Yes, | am. Yes, heis. | Yes, sheis. | Yes, itis. | Yes, we are. Yes, we are. | Yes, they are, | Positive Yes, she is. | Yes, they are. No, we're not. / No, we aren‘t. _ Short Answers Negative No, you're not. No, you aren't No, I'm not. No, he's not./No, hein, No, she’s not. / No, she isn’t. No, it's not. / No, it isn’t. No, we're not. / No, we aren't. No, they're not. / No, they aren't. | Short Answers Negative No, she’s not. / No, she isn't. No, they're not. / No, they aren't.Grammar Notes cont. D. Patterns for Yes/No Questions cont. Note #1: Do not use a contraction in short answers with Yes. % Yes,'m. - Yes,he's. Yes, they're. v Yeslam. ¥ Yes,heis. Yes, they are, E. Patterns for Wh- Questions Pattern #4: _ Wh- + Be + Subject + -ing V Questions What are you doing now? Who is she texting? Why are your friends running? | Their teacher is telling them to hurry up. Note #2: When the short answer is No, there are ‘two common ways to make contractions of negative verbs, except when the pronoun is |. v imnot x amn't v ‘renot v ‘snot v arent ¥ isn't The Be verb follows the Wh- word (who, what, when, where, why, how, which, whose) in this type of present progressive question. | Answers | I'm doing my homework, | She's texting her roommate.