V[GAM UALBX [XAGA M[UAHA

Oaia` Ga`ddar 158 Xkdaisarb - Agfuiu

Xkip. (:553) ==11=3,
==11=3, ==1
==11=4
1=4 - Cax. ==1858
Tkfsbtk ? www.utagamusaha.eng - Kgabi ? utaga musahaJyamnn.eng

U[VAX LKZ[X[UA@

HBVKLX[V V[GAM UALBX [XAGA M[UAHA

@n ? / [M / UL
UL / /6
6:1=
:1=
Xk`ta`d
UBUXKG ZKIAZNVA@ B@UBHK@ LKUKIAGAXA@ ZAUBK@ B@XKV@AI

HA@ KLUXKV@AI
V[GAM UALBX [XAGA M[UAHA

Gk`bgfa`d ? a. Famwa lkskiagata` pasbk` gkrupala` suatu sbstkg ya`d

fkrtuo
fkrtuoua`
ua` u`t
u`tul
ul gk`
gk`ekd
ekdam
am tkroahb
tkroahb`ya
`ya ekhk
ekhkra
ra ya`
ya`d
d hbs
hbskfa
kfafla
fla`
`
nikm lksaiama` albfat gkialsa`ala` suatu tb`hala` atau tbhal
gk`dagfbi tb`hala` ya`d skmarus`ya hbagfbi skmb`dda asuma`
pasbk`
pasbk` hb rugam
rugam salbt
salbt gk`o
gk`oahb
ahb aga`<
aga`<
f. Famwa
Famwa pki
pkialsa
alsa`aa`
`aa` prn
prndra
drag
g lkskiag
lkskiagata`
ata` pasb
pasbk`
k` wao
waobf
bf
hbialsa`ala` hb Vugam Ualbt<
e. Famw
Famwaa saia
saiam
m satu
satu prnd
prndra
rag
g hasa
hasarr lk
lksk
skia
iaga
gata
ta`
` pasb
pasbk`
k` ahai
ahaiam
am
gk`kla`/ gk`uru`la` b`sbhk` lkskiagata` pasbk` fkrupa LZE,
Uk`tb`ki, LXH, L@E, ha` LXE<
h. Famw
Famwaa tk
tkria
rialsa
lsa`a
`a`y
`yaa prnd
prndrag
rag prna
prnalt
ltbc
bc fkru
fkrupa
pa bh
bhk`
k`tb
tbcbl
cblasb
asb b`
b`bb
ha`
ha` gk
gkgb
gb`b
`bgai
gaila
la`
` b`
b`sbh
sbhk`
k` hb
hbpk
pkri
riul
ula`
a` ta
tata
ta lkin
lkinia
ia b`
b`sb
sbhk
hk`
`
lkskiagata` pasbk` hb Vugam Ualbt<
k. Famw
Famwaa u`
u`tu
tul
l lk
lkpk
pk`t
`tb`
b`da
da`
` tk
tkrsk
rskfu
fut,
t, gala
gala pkriu
pkriu hbtk
hbtkta
tapl
pla`
a`
Ubstkg Zkiapnra` B`sbhk` Lkskiagata` Zasbk` B`tkr`ai Ha`
Klstkr`ai hb Vugam Ualbt [taga Musaha.
Gk`db`dat ? 1. [`ha`d-[`ha`d VkVkpufibl B`
B`hn`ksba @
@n
ngnr 5
53
3 ta
tamu` 6
6:
::2
tk`ta`d Lkskmata`.
 6. [`ha`d
[`ha`d-[`
-[`ha`
ha`d
d Vkpu
Vkpufib
fibl
l B`hn`ksb
B`hn`ksbaa @ngnr 88 tamu`
tamu` 6::
6::2
2
tk`ta`d Vugam Ualbt.
5. [`ha`d
[`ha`d-[`
-[`ha`
ha`d
d Vkpu
Vkpufib
fibl
l B`hn`ksb
B`hn`ksbaa @ngnr 62 tamu`
tamu` 6::
6::8
8
tk`ta`d Zraltbl Lkhnltkra`.
8. Zkratura
Zkratura`
` Gk`t
Gk`tkrb
krb Lkskm
Lkskmata`
ata` @ngn
@ngnr?
r? 13
1321
21 / Gk`lks
Gk`lks / ZKV
ZKV /
SBBB / 6:11 tk`ta`d Lkskiagata` Zasbk` VU.
;. Zkratura
Zkratura`
` Gk`
Gk`tkrb
tkrb Lkskm
Lkskmata`
ata` @
@ngn
ngnrr 6;1 / G
GK@L
K@LKU
KU / UL /
SBB / 6:16 tk`ta`d Lngbtk Lkskiagata` Zasbk` Vugam Ualbt
3. Lkput
Lkputusa
usa`
` Fu
Fupa
patb
tb Okgfk
Okgfkrr @n
@ngn
gnr?
r? 1==.
1==.8;
8;/6
/68=
8=/:
/:16
16/6
/6:1
:18
8
Xk`ta`d
Xk`ta`d Bzb` Npkrasbn`a
Npkrasbn`aii Xktap Vugam Ualbt [gug [taga
Musaha Okgfkr
4. Uu
Uurat
rat Lkput
Lkputus
usa`
a` Hbrklt
Hbrkltur
ur ZX. TBH
TBHMB
MB LAUBM
LAUBM M[UA
M[UAHA
HA
@ngnr?
@ngnr? /UL/ZX
/UL/ZX TLM/SB
TLM/SBB/6:
B/6:1=
1= Xk`
Xk`ta`
ta`d
d Ubstkg
Ubstkg
Zkiapnra` B`sbhk` Lkskiagata` Zasbk` B`tkr`ai ha` Klstkr`ai
Vugam Ualbt [taga Musaha
=. Uura
Uuratt Lk
Lkpu
putu
tusa
sa`
` Hb
Hbrk
rklt
ltur
ur Vu
Vuga
gam
m Ualb
Ualbtt [t
[tag
agaa Musa
Musaha
ha
@ngnr?
@ngnr? /[M/UL
/[M/UL/SB
/SBB/6:
B/6:1=
1= Xk`
Xk`ta`
ta`d
d Ubstkg
Ubstkg Zkia
Zkiapnr
pnra`
a`
B`sbhk` Lkskiagata` Zasbk` B`tkr`ai ha` Klstkr`ai Vugam
Ualbt [taga Musaha

GKG[X[ULA@
Gk`k
Gk`kta
tapl
pla`
a` ? LKZ
LKZ[X
[X[U
[UA@
A@ HBVKL
BVKLX[
X[V
V V[G
V[GAM
AM UA
UALB
LBX
X [XAG
[XAGA
AMM[U
[UAH
AHA
A
XK@XA@D UBUXKG ZKIAZNVA@ B@UBHK@ LKUKIAGAXA@

ZAUBK@
ZAUBK@ B@XK
B@XKV@
V@AI
AI HA
HA@
@ KLUX
KLUXKVKV@A
@AII V[GA
V[GAM M UALB
UALBX X
[XAGA M[UAHA.
LKUAX[ ? Ukgua b`sbhk` hb Vug
Vugam Ual
Ualbt waobf skd
skdkra hbt
hbtb`hal ia`outb
(hbekdam/hbta`da`b) u`tul gk`dura`db hagpal atau albfat ya`d
tbhal hbmarapla`
LKH[A ? Ukgua lklkooahba` b`
b`ssbhk` ma
marrus hb
hbiiapnrla` sk
skeeara tk
tkrrtuibs pah
paha
cnrg
cnrgui
uibr
br b`
b`tk
tkr`
r`ai
ai b`
b`sbh
sbhk`
k` haiag
haiag wa
walt
ltu
u gals
galsbg
bgai
ai 6x
6x68
68 oa
oag
g
hk
hk`d
`da`
a` hb
hblk
lktam
tamub
ub ni
nikm
km ata
atasa
sa`
` ia
ia`d
`dsu
su`d
`d,, hb
hbia
iapn
pnrl
rla`
a` lk
lkpa
paha
ha
Lngbtk
Lngbtk Lkskiag
Lkskiagata`
ata` Zasbk`
Zasbk` skr
skrta
ta hbialu
hbialula`
la` rk-drahb`d nikm
 Lngbtk Lkskiagata` Zasbk`
LKXBDA ? Masb
sbii tb
tb`
`hal ia`
ia`out har
harb b`
b`sb
sbh
hk` hbt
hbtk`tula` fkr
fkrhasa
asarl
rlaa` dr
draahb`d
rbsbln b`sbhk` yabtu fkrupa b`vkstbdasb skhkrma`a ya`d hbialula`
nikm u`bt ha` masbi`ya hbiapnrla` lkpaha lngbtk lkskiagata`
pasbk`. B`vkstbdasb lngprkmk`sbc hbialula` nikm Lngbtk
Lkskiagata` Zasbk`ha` u`bt tkrlabt
LKKGZAX ? Masbi a`aibsa ha` rklngk`hasb harb b`sbhk` ya`d tkroahb
hbiapnrla` lkpaha Lngbtk Lkskiagata` Zasbk` Klstkr`ai
LKIBGA ? Apafbia masbi kvaiuasb gk`syaratla` aha`ya pkrufama` ha`
pkrfabla` gala ala` hbialula` pkrfabla` ha` pkrufama`
skfadabga`a gkstb`ya.

Hbtktapla` hb ? Agfuiu
Zaha Xa`ddai ? 6:1=
HBVKLX[V VU. [XAGA M[UAHA

hr. MAVB ZBXN@N, GAVU