LABORATORY TESTING PROCEDURES MANUAL Department of Public Works and Highways BUREAU OF RESEARCH AND STANDARDS February 1997 Scanned with CamScannerLABORATORY TESTING PROCEDURES MANUAL cS IN FIVE VOLUMES je SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSC( be I= Soil and Soil aggregates II - Bituminous Materials and Bituminous Mixtures - Testing of Asphalt Cement - Testing of Cutback Asphalt - Testing of Emulsified Asphalt - Testing of Joint Sealers | - Testing of Bituminous Mixtures - Miscellaneous Test | nmoomD $e III - Portland Cement fe Iv - Concrete and Concrete Products Scanned with CamScannery TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE geHORD VOLUME V - MISCELLANEOt v US CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS testing Of Reinforcing steel pars. == =e 1 | | 4. determination of the Tensil, | © Propert: of the Reinforcing steel aes te) == =e 1 Determination of the pengi ting P; i of Reinforcing steel gars Pees e testing of Metallic Materials -....____..___-_- A I Testing of Galvanized stee, Sheets and Coils - - - - - -.- - 7 | testing of Paints ~--- 2-2 2 oe 9 | Standard Procedure in the preparation i of Reagent and Standardization of solution ~-- - - - 9 | 2, Test Method for Reflectorized Traffic ! Paints, White ----- 22 0222 LLL u 3, Test Method for Reflectorized Traffic Paints, Yellow -------------------- 7 4, Test Method for Aluminum Paints -------------2 1a 5. Test Method for Red Lead --------------- 21 &. Test Method for Flat Wall and Quick Drying Enamel Paints -----------~----- 24 7, Test Method for Latex Paints --------------~- eG i |sbsorption, Compression and Recovery Test Pulgor Preforned Joint Filler ~~~ -------... 28 | Scanned with CamScannerA. TESTING OF REINFORCING STEEL BARS Determination of The Tensile Properties of the Reinforcing Steel Bars rificance This method is intended to determine the yield and tensile strength the bar as well as its elongation, and is used to classify the bars into fe. wratus m 1. Universal Testing Machine, 100 tons or 200,000 lbs capacity 2. Tension grips 3. Micrometer calipher/scale \ 4. Balance 5. Steel Measuring Tape , cedures . 1. Measure accurately the length of the tension sample and determine its weight. 2. Mark in the center of the test specimen a 200 mm (8") gage Length. Set ‘suitable grips in the testing machine to hold the specimens and apply the load until rupture at a uniform rate. 3. Note the load at the sudden halt of the load indicating pointer | and record the corresponding stress as yield point as well as \ the maximum load attained by the material until rupture. 4, After fracture, fit the ends of the fractured specimen together carefully and measure the distance between the gage marks for the determination of its percent elongation. putation 1. Tensile strength Calculate’ the tensile strength by dividing the maximum load the specimen sustains during test by the nominal cross-sectional area of the specimen. 2. Yield Strength Calculate the yield strength by dividing the load sustains by the specimen at the sudden halt of the load indicating pointer by the nominal cross-sectional area of the specimen. ed Scanned with CamScannerElongation ; length of original gage pee the gage length jificance this test is one of the met i @ reinforcing steel barg. ““*'°4S in evaluating the ductile properties yatus 1, Universal Testing Machine wit A suitable pins. ‘h accessories for bending test an ‘dures 1 Place the specimen for bending te bend apparatus and bend thru the attached to the head of the machine on the rollers of a cold specified angle by a pin 2 Apply a continuous and uniform load throughout the bending operation. 3 Examine carefully the bent portion for any sign of the outside bend. cracking on Scanned with CamScannerRepublic of the Philippines Department of Public Works and Highways BUREAU OF RESEARCH AND STANDARDS EDSA, Diliman, Quezon City (ORK SHEET ON REINFORCING BAR r Project WORK SHEET ON REINFORCING BAR Sampli (Number) TName) Teity/Provinee) iple I.D . i en e| nted Original source quantity represe! Spec's Item No. Computed by Supplied by Tested by (Name & desig.) (Date) ee abe tion DATA /\. Class: () Plain “() Deformed f siongation, mm () Round ( ) Square a, Final _—_———— Nominal size, mn Bt Gage length = Nominal area, mn? te, Difference a Deformation: Nominal mass, kg/m (Table) Diameter, mn (Plain) a, First measure b. to 1* a. Avg. spacing, Mi b. Avg. height, mm - 9 c.Gap phosphorous Content, * (Report Content from Y measure 6. Length of specimen, mm Chemical unit) = “7. Mase of specimen, kg 12 Bending? @. Tensile load at: an Pin dia., mm = i a. Yield point, kg Degrees of bend = b, Maximum, kg —_—_— Bend | COMPUTATION ; 13. Areat a a. Plain: (mm?) 0.7854 x (5)? (7) x 106 ! b. Deformed: mn? -~ From Table (6) * 7850 ae (7) 14, specimen Unit mass, kg/m -77~~ * 1000 ee (6) (24) - (4) 4s. Variation in mass, * - x 100 (4) ae apo (Ba) x 9.8 16. Yield Point, MN/m? ny gensile strength, MN/m? Elongation : Scanned with CamScannersoduction Metallic materia) Jsin quantitative mea jected to different tests in order to Of their mec! suren ments hanical properties. The physical tests Common) sility, hardness and 4, Y made on m mpact, etallic materials are tension, The tension. t, . marie erie Lnroeneeguise information on the strength and ductility jy development, quality contesd, © Useful in comparisons of materials and design under certain circumstances. for tension test are the same as in testing of except for the test Specimen which shall be either Shown in figure 14 3". Hardness of metallic materials is determined by measuring the Hstance to indention by the use of a hardened steel»ball or diamond Hardness and Rockwell Hardness are the two fs commonly performed in d side to determine the resistance to failure due to nly applied load. The test is performed not only on impact stresses under service conditions but sles as metallic materials, The results of an impact tees 1 be the average (arithmetic mean) of the results of the three Scanned with CamScanneroe oO os—9 s—a 09 szz—v coz — sy —7 eh —— thu TeudTeW Jo ssouyay, ——— szorszt e40y —M ovo+o'0s sz‘o+00z — 9 dh, -ye0ys AAL - 27014 NAWIO3ds QUVGNWLS Tr NAWWIOAdS LSA NOISNAL YYINONVLOAY 1 banBy | Scanned with CamScannera po STANDARD 0.500 IN. (12.5 mm ) ROUND TENSION TEST SPECIMEN W/21N_ STANDARD SPECIMEN 125 mm G—— 500+0.10 mm D—— 1254025 mm R= 10 mm. 60 mm Scanned with CamScanner©. TESTING OF GALVANIZED STEEL SHEETS AND coILs SIGNIFICANCE: : . cont ans mathod provides a standard method for determining the weight of On ised, £0F Comparison with specification Gequizements. A coating O° Zine protastice eel articles provides protection against corrosion. s the protection rea provided by sacrificial loss Sr zinc, the degree of prgtection is proportional to the weight ae gine coating. Specification Se ated articles frequently provide for different classes (weights) RE coating so that the purchases can select tne coating most suitable to APPARATUS: 1. Balance sensi itive to 0.1 2. Sheet cutter ° “r 3. Steel measure ee Drying oven with temperature control : Vise with smooth jaws, hand operated ‘ PROCEDURE: 1.‘ Triple-spot Test ns 60.00 _+ 0.25 mm fer and the other adjacent to and than 50 mm (2 a) Cut from each test sheet three specime! or 64.52 mm +0.25 mm, one from the cent! two from diagonally opposite corners, within the boundary formed by lines not less in.) from sides and 100 mm from the ends. bb) Clean the specimen by washing with naptha solvent, then with alcohol and dry thoroughly in an oven- c) Weigh each specimen and _inmerse singly in a solution prepared by adding 5 ml of antimony chloride solution (32 to 100 ml of HCl and allow to g sbCl3 in 1000 ml HCL) the evolution of hydrogen has remain therein until Etopped, which requires 15 to 30 seconds. wash and scrub the specimens under with a towel then heat to 38% a) After stripping, running water dry first {100 °F) and allow to cool. fieigh each specimen and get the average loss in weight of The weight of coating in grams on a the three specimens. imple 60 nm (2.362 in.) on a side is numerically e) square Sa! on a saver? go vche weight of coating in grans per squart millimeters of sheet- single-Spot Test imum check lim: fe three spec coating, it by the single-spot test is that imens in the triple spot test with a) The min or a single specimen taken from any one of th the lightes A Scanned with CamScannerpart of a test » ee tiptoe spot test, “Sheet prepared and tested as in the tripl ating Bend Test aod Raa the te: bend test specimens 75 mm to 125 than 50 arte within the boundary formed by Lines not. less vise with” £70" the sides and 100 nm trom the ends, Use a rece, “Ath Smooth jaws and hand operaced “in making, the | Foon tent SPecimen shall stand being bent through 100° at | Farure without flaking of the coating. Flaking ©f coating wi ft side edge of the test specimen \ cause for rejection. following formula may be used to calculate the mass of zinc (My - M9) GK where: Mass of coating, g/m? of sheet original mass of specimen, g mass of stripped specimen, g thickness of strifped sheet, mi K = a constant equal to 7850 g/m2,mm, Scanned with CamScannerD. TESTING OF PAINTS INTRODUCTION: Paint is a mixture of a finely divided, insoluble 508 exposes pigment, and a liquid portion called the vehicle which dries upet Sxpobure to air or heat and forms a tough coating when spread in 2 coed Jo ote mere are at present in the market different types of paints “°trer 0 Cont! te another in composition and properties, namely: Fxteri Or Noe Dos ots! Interior Flat Paints, Metal Protective Paints, Traffic Paints, Se and Chemical Resistant Paints and Others. rder to determine its physical and nether the materials’ meet the whi are intended for. _Testing of paints are conducted in o chemical characteristics and to check necessary conditions and requirements for which they STANDARD PROCEDURE IN THE PREPARATION OF REAGENT AND STANDARDIZATION OF SOLUTION PREPARATION OF REAGENT 1. SULFURIC PHOSPHORIC ACID MIXTURE Mix 150 ml of Sulfuric Acid (H2S0, Sp. Gr. 1.84) with 150 ml of Phosphoric Acid (H3P0,) and dilute with water (H0) to 1 liter. STANNOUS CHLORIDE SOLUTION Dissolve 50 g of stannous chloride in 300 ml of Hydrochloric Acid (HCl, sp. gr. (1.19). and dilute with water to 500 ml. Keep the clear solution in a tightly stoppered bottle containing sone metallic tin. MERCURIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION (HgCl3) Prepare a saturated solution of mercuric chloride’ solution, HgCl (60 to 100g/liter) POTASSIUM IODIDE SOLUTION = 10% Dissolve 100 g potassium Iodide in H20 and dilute to 1 liter. POTASSIUM DICHROMATE SOLUTION (K,Cr207) Dissolve 4.904 g of dried potassium dichromate in Hj0 and dilute’ to 1 liter. SODIUM THIOSULFATE SOLUTION Dissolve 24.82 g of sodium thiosulfate in 4,0 and dilute to 1 liter. Scanned with CamScanneristitica g8, 2 380 mt gia coppered bottle 100 ml of aceite H20 ang 30 ml Bric Poteet iodide (KI) solution. solition 2&2" an accurate Pipette 50 ml of the dichromate let stand ghiowed by about 7 ml concentrated HCL. Shake and stopper jg ~_3 minutes. cool under the top so that when the Wash ‘the seqereved any adhering liquid will be sucked. in. bottle with treet Carefully and “titrate the contents of the iodine ‘hag fi0sulfate solution. fthen the yellow color of the Solution ang atOSt disappeared, add about i ml of starch Of the cei yecontinue the titration until the deep blue color titration cares eoanges to sea green, by conducting the Y+ This chan should be brought about by a Sa9le drop of thigsultase anges, Sheu te solution. COMPUTATION: (N x vy = there: 88280 * (NX Viger, Nnags,0) . = normality of Sodium Thiosulfate Vwaso; = Volume of Sodium Thiosulfate used, upon titration Nker.0, = Normality of Potassium Dichromate Vkxcr,0, = Volume of Potassium Dichromate (50 ml} a. PROCEDURE: Pipette 50 ml of the solution into a 35 flask or bottle. Add 150 ml of water and § and after cooling add 25 ml of 108 potassium iodide solution, Stopper the flask and let stand for 10 minutes, then titrate the jodine set free with 0.1 N thiosulfate solutign using starch as an indicator, but not adding it until the yellon color of the iodine has nearly disappeared. The end point is denoted by the change in color of the solution from deep blue to tignt green. O ml glass stoppered | ml concentrated #7504 + COMPUTATION: ( & Vina,s,05 Nx,Cr207 Viger 207 | | KI Solution: 10% = 100 grams/liter ; 10 Scanned with CamScanner‘TEST METHOD FOR REFLECTORIZED TRAFFIC PAINTS, WHITE SIGNIFICANCE To determine the quality of paints as basis for acceptance. APPARATUS: 1. a 10. a. 12. 13. 1a. 1s. 16. Density Cup Analytical balance Paint brush Plate Glass panel, 100 mm x 200 mn x 3 mm Watch glass oven with temperature control Desiccator Beaker, 500 mL Centrifuge machine equipped with tubes stirring rod Furnace Sieves, 0.212 (No. 70) 0.177 (No. 80) 0.063 (No. 230) Flasks, Erlenmeyer, 250 ml cap. Volumetric flask, 1000 ml cap. Wheel and ramp apparatus Reagents: a) Sodium Sulfate (NajS0q) b) Sulfuric Acid (2504) ¢) Ammonium Hydroxide (NH,OH) d) Sodium Chloride Solution (NaCl) e) Potassium Iodide (KI) Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) aa Scanned with CamScanner9) Sodium Thiosui tate Solution , 7 (NA28203..5H20) bh) Starch Solution i) Solvent 1. Benzene 2. Toluene 3. Xylene 4. Reetone 5. Gasoline ATION OF SAMPLE: 1 Weigh the origina sample 2 Open the container, eontentee and note the odor and condition of the Pour off i | container, e* thin portion of the paint sample into another Mix thoroughly, using a figure 8 motion folloved by lifting and beating motion, Continue stirring while gradualt: Y returning the Poured off Portion to the original container, Pour the paint several times back and forth from one container fo the other until uniform. Leave the well minca sample in the Second container. Close tightly to minimize evaporation Clean the original container, wipe dry and weigh. Get the net weight of the contents. FOR PHYSICAL TEST Calibration of Density cup 1, Weigh empty cup with cover, grams 2. Fill with water and weigh, grams 3. Calculate the density cup volume as follows: v = (n-m)/p 12 Scanned with CamScannerwhere: 7 v= volume of density cup, mL = weight of density cup and water, 9 weight of empty cup, 9 . = absolute density of water at specified temp. (29°C) g/ml (0.995972) oan b) Specific Gravity 1. 2. 3 COMPUTATION Unit Place the representative sample in a Density cup half-fuly and weigh. Fill water in the remaining portion until full and weigh, Compute for the unit mass in Kg. per liter. c-a Mass, Kg/L = eee (b - a) - (a - c) a = mass of empty pycnometer, g (obtained in calibration) b = mass of pycnometer filled with H20 in g {obtained in calibration) mass of pycnometer half-filled with sample, g mass of pycnometer + sample + water ¢) Extraction of Pigment 1 6 COMPUTATION Weigh the empty centrifuge tube and fill with sample about 1/4 to 1/3 full of the well mixed paint and then weigh. Add extraction solvent either xylene, benzene, toluene, acetone or gasoline and mix thoroughly. Place the tube in the centrifuge and whirl until the pigment settles. Pour off the liquid and refill with extraction solvent and repeat procedure No. 3 until the pigment is free from oil. Dry in an oven to constant weight at about 105°C. cool and weigh. Compute for percent pigment. % Pigment = ~ Scanned with CamScanneroo oo a 8 Vehicle = 109 _ 4 Pigment 6 mm in width, of the suitable means, °S'® by mechanicar spreader, or other thickness of 9.20 Lean Plate glass panel at a wet film i y = 9. \. 1 approximately. 100. mmx. 209 me 3 a ‘plate: glass pane Record the time of app; in a horizontal pose itcatio n and allow the panel to dry Position under t} he laboratory conditions 450 to 608 Rui, 2 specified (270¢ ap, ; 3. Hold against the rest Shen free.roll the-weighted wheel’ dewn ‘ramp and over the paint t film. Each roll of prying Time Prepare a test strj paint ta fe ipe, at least 7 | over a new wheel path. i rolled over the paint film. se oe i approached, roll the weighted wheei every 30 seconds. Report the “time ! application of the paint and the end time for no pick-up time of the traf? end point is over the paint film elapsed between the | Point as the drying | ic! paint. | Non-Volatile Matter Prior to test, dry the glass dish, 105+2°c and allow to cool at desiccator and then weigh. glass rod in an oven at room temperature in a Place in the dish approximately 240.2 with the glass rod and then weigh. g of sample together sample is evenly distributed over the Making sure that the surface of the dish. Place the dish with the rod and the test portion in the oven at 105+2°c for 3 hours. i the dish fr the 3 hours period, remove atter’a short period of heating, stir the sam glass rod to break up any surface skin and r oven. om the oven, ple with the eplace in the is c transfer the dish and ting is completed, trans: rod , Inthe desiccator and allow to cool and then weigh. 14 Scanned with CamScannerCOMPUTATION % = Non-Volatile Matter = x 100 my where: M1 mass of sample before heating, 9 mg - mass of sample after heating, J f) % Glass Beads 1. Weigh 250 g of paint sample in an empty beaker. 2 Add extraction «solvent, the same as that Cia A the! extraction of pigment, stir and let it stand overnight- 3. Decant the liquid portion and dry the extracted beads, ant then weigh. COMPUTATION b Beads, $ by mass of paint = ----~ x 100 a where: a = mass of sample, g b = mass of extracted beads, 9 Note: ‘Mass of beads in g/liter = % beads x Kg/liter x 1000 g) Grading of Beads 1. Pass a 50 g sample of dried beads in a 0.212 mm (No. 70), 0.177.mm (#80) and 0.063 mm (#230) sieves. 2. Weigh the amount of beads retained in individual sieve size. 3. Compute for percentage passing. FROCEDURE FOR CHEMICAL TEST a) Extracted Pigment Analysis: Test for Titanium Dioxide 1. Weigh 0.5g of extracted pigment in a beaker. Add 5 to 7 g of Sodium Sulfate (Nasoy) and 20 ml of sulfuric Acid. Scanned with CamScannersovee with wateh Glass a, i il solution Nd heat to boiling unti. #8 clear and alloy ts cool. 3 4. Dilute with 150 m1 of water. 6 To the filtrate add ammonium hydroxide and stir until precipitate occurs, Filter. Discard filtrate and ignite fhe residue in a murete furnace. t 1 Weigh ang compute for ¢ Titanium Dioxide. RTION b # Titanium Dioxide = ~~ x 199 x 4 Pigment a where: Bz Weight of original sample, g b = weight of ignited residue, g Note: Oreo) * Extender = § Pigment ~ (& glass beads + @ Tita Dioxide) “ 1 16 Scanned with CamScannerweTHOD FOR ALUMINUM PAINTS guIFICANCE To determine the quality of paints as basis for acceptance. \gARATUS Density Cup 2, Analytical Balance 3 Paint Brush 4 Plate Glass Panel 5 Watch Glass Oven with temperature control 7. Desiccator 8. Beaker, 500 mi 9. Thimble with crucible support 10. Stirring rod 11. Sieve, No. 325 12. Reagent: Solvent a) Benzene b) xylene c) Acetone PARATION OF SAMPLE | phe same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, White be PROCEDURE FOR PHYSICAL TEST calibration of Density Cup a) he same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, white b) Specific Gravity 3. Fill Density Cup with representative sample and weigh. —_—- Seainned with CamScannerCOMPUTATION Unit mass, Kg/L = - where: b-a mass of empty pycnometer, g mass of pycnometer filled with H20 mass of pycnometer plus sample Extraction of Pigment Weigh empty thimble and support Fill with sample about 1/3 full and weigh Add solvent until clear Dry the residue, cool and weigh Compute for '§ pigment The same as in Reflectorized Traffic Paint, White Drying Time 2) Le. 2 3. 4. 5. COMPUTATION d) iv. 2 3 e) Dip the paint brush in a sample and brush it in a glay panel (one coat, single stroke). Record the initial time o application and allow to dry in a horizontal position unde standard air drying condition. Touch the film from time to time with the gentle pressure « the finger at points not less than 1.0 cm from the edges a the film. The sample shall be set to touch when the gentl pressure of tne finger shows a tacky condition but none of the film adhere to the finger. After the set to touch condition has been attained, apply ¢ the film from time to time the maximum pressure withod twisting the film by pressing the glass between the thi and the finger. When no marks remain on the film, when i is lightly polished, the dry hard condition has bes attained. Drying Time: start... 1. Set to touch . . Dry hard... Non-Volatile Matter The same procedure as in Reflectorized-Traffic Paint, White Scanned with CamScannercoarse Particle ) 3. Weigh empty Sieve 325 2. Pass 30 grams of sample ON Sieve 3. Mash the sample wig keros, i bits clear appears, SMe OF gasoline until it exhibi 4. Dry the sieve With the Sample in the oven, cool to room Femperature and then Weigh, | raxFON $ Coarse Particles = _ AX S$ Pigment where: . As Original Weight of Sample B= Residue + empty sieve c= Mass of empty sieve 20 Scanned with CamScannerTEST METHOD FOR RED LEAD bl SIGNIFICANCE To determine the quality of paints as basis for acceptance, APPARATUS 1. Density cup 2. Analytical Balance 3. Paint Brush Plate glass panel Watch glass Oven with temperature control 7. Desiccator 8. Beaker, 500 ml 9. Centrifuge machine equipped with tubes ' 10. stirring rod ! 11. Furnace 12. Flasks, Erlenmeyer, 250 ml cap. 13. Volumetric flask, 1000 ml cap. REAGENTS a) Sodium Acetate (CzHyNa0 . 3,0 - 3 Hydyate) b) Potassium Iodide (KI) ©) Acetic Acid (Hag) d) Standard Sodium Thicsulfate solution @) Starch Solution (cgiiy90s) f) Solvent 1. Benzene | 2. Xylene 3. Toluene | : 4. Acetone Scanned with CamScannerGasoline RATION OF SAMPLE | The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, W ¢ PROCEDURES FOR PHYSICAL qEsp a) Specific cravity The same procedure as b) Extraction of Pigment in Aluminum Paints The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, white ¢) Drying Time The same procedure as in Aluminum Paints a) Non-Volatile Matter The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, White ©) Coarse Particles The same procedure as in Aluminum Paints SDURES FOR CHEMICAL TESTS a) Determination of & Lead oxide ++ To 30, grams of Sodium Acetate in a beaker add 2.4 grams Potassium Todide (KI), 15 ml acetic acid and 15 ml water, without stirring. 2, Dissolve by heating in a hot plate and cool to room temperature. 3. Weigh 1 gm of the extracted pigment in a flask and pour in‘it the solution obtained in Step 2 | 4, Titrate the solution with the standard sodium thiosulfate } solution using starch as indicator. i 5. Record the volume of Thiosulfate used and note the change I in color. y RATION | y ("az8203 x ‘NazS03) 0.34 x 100 $ True Red Lead (Pb304) Weight of Sample Scanned with CamScanner*) Determination of Percent Iron Oxide (Fez03) ' Reagents: 1. Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) in II Chlorig + Stannous Chloride (SnClz . 2H20) - Crystal (Tin Dihydrate) - see procedure for preparation. 3. Mercuric Chloride (HgCl,) 4. Sulfuric - Phosphoric Acid 5. Barium Diphenyl Amine sulfonate-indicator - ure £ 6. Standard Potassium Dichromate Solution - see procedure for preparation TEST PROCEDURES 1. Weigh 1.0 gram of extracted pigment in a flask. 2. Dissolve with 10 ml HCl and heat gently. 3. Add Stannous Chloride Solution until white 4, Dilute with water up to 125 ml 5. Cool, then add 15 ml mercuric chloride solution (HgCl2) 6. Allow to stand for 30 minutes 7. Add 18 ml Sulfuric Phosphoric Acid Solution. 8. Titrate with standard Potassium Dichromate Solution usin Barium Diphenyl Amine Sulfonate indicator dissolved in little ml of Sulfuric Acid (Hz804) in a watch glass. 9. Record the volume of Dichromate used and note the change in color. COMPUTATION (1 VKCe707 x 0.079 % Iron Oxide (Fez03) = weight of sample Scanned with CamScannerTEST METHOD FOR FLAT WALL AND QUICK DRYING ENAMEL PAINTS SIGNIFICANCE To determine the quality of paints ‘APPARATUS as basis for acceptance. 3. Density Cup Analytical Balance 3. Paint’ Brush 4. Plate glass panel Watch giase Oven with temperature control Desice: tor 8. Beaker, 500 mi 9. Centrifuge machine equipped with tubes 10. Stirring rod 11. Furnace : 12, Flask, Erlenmeyer, 250 ml cap. REAGENTS a) Sodium sulfate (NajS0,) b) Sulfuric Acid (H2S0,) c) Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH) d) Solvent 1, Benzene 2. xylene 3. Toluene 4. Acetone 5. Gasoline Scanned with CamScannerPREPARATION OF SAMPLE ‘The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, White S204 PROCEDURES FOR PHYSICAL TESTS specific Gravity | |e, The same procedure as in Aluminum Paints \ b) Extraction of Pigment \ The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, White ¢) Drying Time The same procedure as in Aluminum Paints d) Non-Volatile Matter ‘The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, White e) Coarse Particles The same procedure as in Aluminum Paints PROCEDURES FOR CHEMICAL TEST a) Titanium Dioxide The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, White 5 . - x 100 & Titanium Dioxide = a = weight of original sample (0.2 g) b = weight of ignited residue 25 eS Scanned with CamScannerDensity Cup Analytical Balance 3. Paint Brush 4, Plate glass panel 5. Evaporating dish 6 Oven with temperature control 7. Desiccator 8. Beaker, 500 mi 8. Stirring Rod 10. Furnace HN. Flasks, Erlenmeyer, 250 mi cap, 2) Sodium Sulfate (Na2s04) >) Sulfuric Acid (H2S04) ¢) Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH) RATION OF SAMPLE The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, White RE FOR PHYSICAL TESTS ') Specific Gravity The same procedure as in Aluminum Paints ' }) Extraction of Pigments 1 Prior to test, dry the glass dish, glass rod in an oven at 105+2°c and allow to cool at room temperature in a dessicator and then weigh. Scanned with CamScanner¢) Drying Time d) Non-volatile PROCEDURE FOR CHEMICAL TEST a) Titanium Dioxide COMPUTATION 8 Titanium Dioxide where: a b = weight of ignited residue Place in the dish approximately 240.2 gram of together with the glass rod and then weigh, making that the sample is evenly distributed over the surfacj the dish. Place the dish with the rod and the test portion in oven at 10542°C for 3 hours. During the 3 hours period, remove the dish from the q after a short period of heating, stir the sample with glass rod to break up any surface skin and replace in oven. When the heating is completed, transfer the dish and in the dessicator and allow to cool and. then weigh. Place the sample in the furnace at a temperature of 4¢ for 15 min., cool and then weigh. 4 Compute for % Pigment: 8 Pigment = x 100 where: a = weight of original sample b = weight of ignited residue The same procedure as in Aluminum Paints The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, White The same procedure as in Reflectorized Traffic Paints, white] weight of original sample (0.2 g) Scanned with CamScannerbe indicative of the performance and durability of the various types of able for determining the compliance er such 3: Balance sensitive to 9,1 +1 gr 2. Testing Machine orem 3. Flat metal plate Measuring 114 x 114 x 13 m 4. Dial or measuring device reading to 0.025 mm (0.001 m) 5. Spherical bearing block 6. Water bath container PROCEDURES : 1. Absorption Test a) b) c) d) in such a manner that all edges are freshly cut. Measure the initial thickness. Air dry the sample for 24 hour, weigh the sample. and immersed in water at a temperature 2143°C (70+5°F) in a horizontal position with 25 mn of water over the specimen for 24 hours Remove the sample from water and wipe off the surface water with damp cloth. Neigh the sample immediately and compute for the Percentage of absorption. 2. Compression and Recovery Test a) b) ce) a) Gut three specimen for test using a metal plate of 114 mm x 114 mm as cutting template Place the test specimen on a flat metal plate and center fhe metal plate on the top surface of the specimen, Attach the dial above the center of the specimen by using U shaped bridge to support the dial. Mount the spherical bearing block between the upper end of the cylinder of transferring load and the moving head of the testing machine. Measure the thickness of the specimen by means of Pressuring device when it is already mounted and is Scanned with CamScanner dsubjected only to the pressure of the dead weight of met plate. ) Apply loads on three applications sufficient to compre ppl so percent of its thickness before test. The lo ti be applied without shock and at such rate that ecimen will be compressed approximately 1-3 mm pi after first and seca £) Release the load immediately recover for applications and allow the specimen to minutes before the lead is applied again. h) In the third application of the load release [nnediately and allow it to recover for 1 hour and meas again the thickness. The load transferring apparatus 2 Sgnerical bearing block shall be removed from the -fir Specimen during recovery periods between compressions a gehiowing the third applications of load. CALCULATIONS: 1. The percentage of recovery shall be computed as follows: tt Recovery 7 per cent - x 100 where : t= thickness of specimen before test and t'= thickness 1 hour after completion of thi application of load. Compression - The total maximum load in newtons requir for the first application shall be divided by 0.01 newtoj and recorded:as the unit pressure in KPa. 3. Absorption, woew & by volume = ~ x 100 262t Where: t = thickness of the specimen, before soaking, in inches w= weight of air-dried specimen in grams wl = weight of the soaked specimen in grams 29 Scanned with CamScanner