DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS - A.
gid Approach
‘Tulane Chen Mo-Shing hen _Weien Lee Paul Kotas Peer Van Olinda
Members EEE" "Fellow IEEE” Member IEEE ‘Member, EEE
ergy Systems Research Center Console alson Company
‘The University of Texas at Aragion
Arlington, Texas 7019
ABSIRACE spr i pms wn
SRST ett us Hd pom when
cso ace oe on
eis ae
‘atin ta et a
pies se pss me
Sot tans alte
eae naam rn
Sie ethane es orcs ol
Shes aivetmaigh cy a core
SERS aly eed ayo
Sis ea tana ae resi a
Seba popu chanel ena net
ne ae peeeettannys sees eee i
Spy ae ant Yu ey ean
SSS ah etme Sot
en ee
SSS unee inane uaa fai pee
Se Sap eter a an ie
ESSE poy hairs eer ee ame
a,
Kormores Corrraur mde, tomes Model Shr ce.
rimary feeder, Secondary network nected caren Uaioe
sytem, Sabwansentrecince .
ANTRODUCTION
11th ination of his paper insatuc a method of short
rcuit analysis applicable tp more rigid study of large-scale
buon sts. This approach sone toward appcatons
in distribution system operation analyse rather than plang pe
analysis. This lference. shold be properly ‘emphatisea
Cherise, the misuse of the planing typ method to teva he
peational bchavior of the sytem wil dot the xplanaios oe
‘clad esl an lead w incon concise
asennad vas developed fet requements of +
isibution system combining primary and secondy network
‘These requirements arise primal from the general charsteries
of the diseibaion system operated by” Consokaated Eason
Gompany of New Yo Inthe patina thi eearc
neal features ofthe Con Edison spe enpacting thc poses
Asien ocho emenied
“Portions ofthe system ae basically unbalanced due to single
ingen acl Goble phase ral spas 09 pay
feeders, and unequal tre-phas loads
‘of New Yor, In
‘ving Pace, New York NY 10003,
ja aden oe as
=
Tre min rt se
sso
“Therefore the smaaions st be Bed pon actual phase
Ee aan ent ama
Faremthioree eaneeieicteis
System sufficiently Elanced, so longer sable Trees, Be
Siac eet
rae ar Eatin we peta
mene aimee ety ret
sere Ss pe cheer ay
mar ictemtirewerne eniee bead
Ser ee ae er ee
orem ie ga tection rg
Si meleceamennaeeeie ine
iigrate eon
Spite Sn eT onan
muerte tee daca ha
Sieur sk amt diac at
etch ce Rae
Re nsenciet memset drapana
ace tag och arse ald nS
mes
eae teeter te
comply Seance
See ly Ps iene
fear ee «tas ea
Hiei attacks
Anh teenth
ae
7a ee ny of me
crepe ip owt
only one factorization procedure Tequied. Agencia!” “aa
eet ee
Hose Pasenaae rate arte
iota edt ateel gucanf
Sane
wnt aepepenictnents
cuanto pera ete
Sau ements nacitaerastett
Petrie eager ta rtd
Sceseah at eatin mare
Seale eee errata
ected oa
petal Ds enna ane te gas
Beene marae oer
soesoaelicwen eine aatat aa
See yon chistes kee
Spero nie th St at
‘cuss 991000 002510001991 IEE,aun teri tna
auaasetas camara eerie
Se smuistes boweve, more
manana
i em rgaer amare nt
ton eae a
Serena aa at een
Saawe
sites teins aeachacee
fimultaneousis. allowing the cross-country, double three-
soca ar etree
Soe mite meet ee eae
Hoachna terete ae
he cortm ai samedi ae
oo
Ee erent
TEE oe er cts
Cea oem is
Sra iies mises
SR Se cs
Sones
“BBE tamer pee
Eee stacey
SSE eee eer
(Poss coaeale cite
parnnaerriimen ations sat
soe tmee suomi amc eat
Sethe oeatceteans
Moov tax odes fo proved sess he
TECHNICAL APPROACH
“The to primary considerations in developing of an effective
soli eshigue forse ct alyssa de
"Format ofa tathematal desertion of components such
fs cogeneritrs, transformers, feeders, shunt element, and
loaase
+ Selection of a suitable numerical metho
“he enn so Cae hem anti of these
wo factors af he input ofthe chosen method, considering he
xncmcly large-seale sytem simulation, convergence, execution
fine, and data requiem
nts secon Gesigneiteria andthe component models are
snrodyced fs followed by x description of te sluton eee
‘ome base requirements in demotion shor ceo analysis
inpacig he desig of he GDAS sho inal poe ed
"A deteiled transformer model is needed 10 calculate
transfonner backend eure.
“The contibuton of cogenerstoe othe ful curent mast be
coasisered
«Load eutents may not be small compared 10 the shor-icut
{ures so the load erent est be included.
‘The vllage characters ics of the load must Be considered in
‘he load made.
Based. upon the sequirements described, above, the
‘methadogls forthe GDAS shor creat analy fied below
‘Sfransiormess are represented by more detailed models
‘onsidenng the core a copper losses, apchanging ase
Shing re connec fe anfomers
« Copenciators are represented propery. Inherent imbalance
Chaactrscs defo system unbalance are considered:
a
+ Disrbution loads are represented by constant impedance
‘busin from the power low result. Although this & ap
Spprouimation, it less so compared with conventional
‘ibs which neglect the lou etrely or we the Ped ond to
‘mt te ead peda
«Primary and secongnry networks are represented by actual
Dhise quantiies, “The primary feeders are represented By
ies tnpedance and shunt capacitance, bat he secondary
‘ables are represented by sre amine oly,
+ Aniteraive compensation method sued
L.COMPONENT MODELS
For a gd sho cit ution, he indian yee
components ms ed by igoroas mathematical models
‘Ri gpproinute ber physical behavior These components nee
‘ondidon cogenertrs, earsformes loads emands), and shunt
fSpacto ta the ODAS program, companents a tideled by
{Ei equivalent civeuits tm terms of Inductance, capacitance,
fesisuinge, and injected: curren and use an individual phase
‘presentation “These tema component medls depend upon
‘Eger ef ansyao be pared an hese, may rock
ody
‘of these required models, conductors, capacitors, and
demands have premously developed standard riplementatons for
{Rees Gauss wlan, hie wes no he cae for he wansformer
ie copenerator models; whic requed an additional esearch eff
iotdesgn and plement new meds forthe Zaye method. THs
thvelopinet i adazesed i [7]. Far a detaled discussion of feeer
‘els for ath coupled and uncoupled feder, see references [8]
[Dt and [10| and veterence (11) fora more dead discussion of
thea mode used for power Now analysis
“The so-called lows energy model foreach individual load
component andthe load window concept used i the power ow
orton of the GDAS program aze nor suitable for short circuit
‘mulation due to large voltage variance, Therefore, a conian
impedance made! was ured in he sor cit portion othe GDAS
‘Props The nial power low simultion provides pre fault bus
Toltipes and demund caren. Post fault lads ae calcul ving
‘hss and th postaultvoage. "The acta oad impedance st
{cuted explily, aconstnt impedance mode is sed, however.
‘Th ond fpesei erally ay ap nected eure,
2. SOLUTION TECHNIQUE
‘The iterative compenstion method, « modifiation of the
compensation method, wa selected forthe sor ict portion of
SCGDAS for demied dacassion ofthe compensation method
‘elerto{, Astuly the proposed metho ses oly the concept of
the compensation theory Tom the compensation method. Other
‘eaurcs ee combined withthe compensation teary taive athe
erate compersauon method such a
SUSnp he power flow analysis program co obtain the
Eegurconios
ing component dui:
1Ushg erat opie cortae ayy
{Binloying supenogiion theory the voltage of each bus is
Shsumad fo arse from two different contbutions the
peciica source voltage, she other const ofall eas,
‘Zeenertrseapacors actor ine charging and fasts,