4.

The rise and fall of a country in modern times can

be illustrated in various ways. Here are some
examples from the search results:

Global Value Chains: A study published in Nature's

Scientific Reports

shows that countries can experience variations in

economic dominance within individual industries,
which can contribute to their rise and fall. The study
focuses on the two industries that experienced the
largest variation in the power concentration of
purchases and supplies, and illustrates how these
industries contributed to the rise and fall of
countries.

Financial Empire: An article in Foreign Policy

discusses the rise and fall of the United States as a

financial hegemon. It describes how the US emerged
as the world's financial hegemon during World War
I, and how it faced financial crises in the 1990s and
early 2000s. The article also discusses the role of
China in the new millennium and how it is
challenging the US's financial dominance.

One Country, Two Systems: A paper published by

the Ash Center for Democratic Governance and
Innovation
 3

discusses the rise and fall of "One Country, Two

Systems" in Hong Kong. The paper describes how
the plan's architect, Deng Xiaoping, used the idea to
resolve an emergent crisis over Hong Kong, and
how the system has faced challenges in recent years.

Civilization Collapse: An article in BBC Future

discusses the rise and fall of historic civilizations

and what they can tell us about our own. The article
describes how collapse may be a normal
phenomenon for civilizations, regardless of their
size and technological stage. It also discusses the
trends that preceded historic collapses and how they
are unfolding today.

Empires: An article on Khan Academy

compares the rise and fall of different empires

throughout history. The article describes how
empires rise and grow as they expand their control
over territory and people, and how they can fall if
they lose control of too much territory or are
overthrown. It also discusses the factors that
contribute to the rise and fall of empires, such as
rapid expansion, internal conflict, and external
pressures.