SULLIVAN’S

TRANSACTIONAL
ANALYSIS
HARRY STACK SULLIVAN
 Who is Harry Stack Sullivan?
-Harry Stack Sullivan was born Norwich,
New York, on February 21, 1892

-His social isolation as a child may have

contribute his later interest in phsychiatry

-Graduated from Smyrna Union School,

Spent two years at Cornell University,
beggining in 1909. In 1917, Stack-Sullivan
earned his medical degree from the
Chicago College of Medicine and Surgery

SULLIVAN’S
-Between 1925 and 1929, Stack-Sullivan
worked at Sheppard Pratt Hospital,

TRANSACTIONAL treating schrizophrenic patients with

treatmeants considered experimental.
ANALYSIS
Harry Stack Sullivan
SULLIVAN'S Stack-Sullivan's writings includes:

TRANSACTIONAL The Interpersonal Theory of

ANALYSIS Phsychiatry 1937

-Founder of the William Alanson White

Institute, as well of the journal
Phsychiatry in 1937.
Conceptions of modern
Phsychiatry(1947/1966)
-Explained the role of Interpersonal
relationships and social experience in
shaping personality and the importance
of current life event to phsycopathology. Schizophrenia as a Human
-Stack-Sullivan is known for his Process(Norton Library) (1962)
Interpersonal Theory.

-Stack-Sullivan died on January 14,

Personal Pathology (1933/1972)
1949 in Paris, France.
 Definition
-Transactional Analysis is a method of understanding
people's behavior by analyzing the transactions or
interactions which transpire people

-Transactional Analysis is a social psychology and a

method to improve communication

-An analysis that is underpinned by the philosophy that

people can change and we all have right to be in the world
and be accepted
Sullivan develop the concept of
"development epocs" to help
explain the development of
personality across lifespan.
Like many theorist of his time,
his theory is staged-based.
Sullivan often emphasized the
pivotal importance of
friendship and connectedness,
and his stag-based theory
sees social skills as a bridge to
greater development and
enrichment
Infancy (Birth to 18
months)
Sullivan acknowlegded that
the developmental process
begins in early life, though
he gave this phase less
importance than Freud did.
Childhood (18Months to
6 Years)
During this stage of
development, speech form
the framework upon which
subsequent learning is built
Juvenile (6-9Years)
During this period, a wide
variety of playmates and
access to healthy
socialization and social skills
become increasingly
important
Pre-Adolescence(9-12
Years)
In adolescence, the ability to
form close friendships
assists the child in
developing self-esteem and
serves as practice for later
relationship.
Early Adolescence(12-
14Years)
Friendship takes on sexual
dimension, and the focus on
relationship with peers shifts
toward romantic interests.
An adolescence's sense of
self worth is based in large
part upon his her perceived
sexual attractiveness
Late Adolescence(14-
21Years)
The young adult struggles
with conflicts between
parental control and the
desire to form an
independent identify, while
beginning to focus on both
romance and friendship
ADULTHOOD
The primary struggles of
adulthood include family,
financial security, and a
rewarding career.
Socialization continues to
play a role in adult
development.
 Goals of Transactional Analysis

Be aware of both
Make you self social and
psychological
aware of triadic messages which exist
personality within
communication
structure
transactions

Increase
Increase the
awareness of
chance for
your own ego
state and ego
complementary
state othes trasaction.
Transactional Analysis is primarily
concerned with the following:
Analysis of self awareness

The relationship are composed of

interself.

Self is the core personality pattern

which provides integration

Self awareness is an important

concept, it describe the self in
terms of image, both concious and
unconcious
 Analysis of Ego States

The ego plays an important role in human behavior

People interact with each other in terms of psychological position

or behavioral patterns known asego state

Ego's states are person's way of thinking, feeling and behaving

at any time
There are 3 important ego state.
-Ego state child, adult and parent

A person of any age have these ego state varying degree

A healthy person is able to move from one ego to another

Stroking
-Stroking is an important aspect of the of
the transactional analysis
-The term stroke refers to "giving some
kind of recognition to other"
-People need stroke for their sense of
survival and well being on the job. Lack of
stroking can have negative consequences
both on physiological and psychological
well being of a person
Three type of Self
Good me Bad me Not me
Personificant consist of Personification consist of refers to the unknown,
experience that are experience that are repressed component of
rewarded, which a child the self
rewarded, which a child
would sense a noticeable
would sense a niticeable
decrease of anxiety
decrease of anxiety
SULLIVAN'S THEORY EXPLAIN
ABOUT ANXIETY, SELF -ESTEEM,
AND SELF-SYSTEM
SECURITY OPERATION
-those measure that the individual
employs to reduce anxiety and enhance
security

SELF-SYSTEM
-all the security operation an individual
use to defend against anxiety and ensure
self esteem