Solidification of Binary Alloys

Dr. M. A. Mowazzem Hossain

Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
CUET
Phase Diagram
Quasi crystalline
Construct a phase diagram of water

Gibs free energy Vs. T, P

*In crystallography crystals are described as isomorphous if they are closely similar in shape
TL = f(x)
TS = f(x)
Two Metals Completely Soluble in the Liquid State and Completely Insoluble in the Solid State
Two Metals Completely Soluble in the Liquid State but only Partly Soluble in the Solid State
Peritectic reaction
Iron-iron Carbide Equilibrium Diagram
Peritectic

Eutectic

Eutectoid
SUBSTITUTIONAL DEFECT

Substitution of Ag+ by Cd2+ in Agcl leads to the creation of a

lattice vacancy.

Ag+ Cl- Ag+ Cl-

Cl- Cd2+ Cl- Ag+
Ag+ Cl- Cl-
Cl- Ag+ Cl- Ag+
vacancy produced by
Cd2+ substitution

Substitution of Ni2+ by Li+ in NiO lattice gives rise to the change

of the oxidation state of an ion in the lattice .
Ni2+ O2- Ni2+ O2-
O2- Ni3+ O2- Ni2+
Ni2+ O2- Li+ O2-
O2- Ni2+ O2- Ni2+
valence defect produced
by Li+ substitution