2023.

Eng1
PRACTICE 15112021
PART A: GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

I. Give the correct form of the word in brackets to complete each of the following sentences.
Write your answers on your answer sheet. (5 pts)
1. Nowadays, DVDs, digital cameras and recorders have ______ our life. (REVOLUTION)
2. Some people like sharing the bill in the restaurant even when they are invited so that they (DEBT)
do not feel______.
3. The ability to perceive information with the mind without using the five senses is called (SENSE)
ESP, which stands for Extra _______ Perception.
4. The story I’m going to tell you is very ______. Promise to keep it secret! (CONFIDE)
5. There are people whose ______ begins from the moment of their death. (MORTAL)
6. The ______ included parades, sports and musical gatherings. (FESTIVAL)
7. It was a public holiday and everyone was in ______ mood. (CELEBRATE)
8. Among recognized ______, maps are rarer than stamps but they have their avid (COLLECT)
enthusiasts and admirers.
9. The word “bogus” first appeared in print in 1827 when it meant a machine for making (FORGE)
______ of coins.
10. You are ___ forbidden to use a calculator in this examination. (EXPRESS )

II. Fill in each gap with a suitable phrasal verb in the correct form to complete the sentences.
Write your answers on the answer sheet. (10 pts. )

abide by put forward scale down lay into wear off

get over with talk back to rule out verge on fall for

1. Simon ……… an Irish girl that he met on holiday. Three months later they were married.
2. Let’s ……. . this job as soon as possible
3. Footballers used to ……… the referee’s decision, but nowadays they are just as likely to punch him in the mouth.
4. The government intends to take very serious measures against this interference in their country’s affairs. They do not ………
the possibility of military action.
5. I’d like to ……… a proposal. I suggest we start production in May.
6. I saw Reto’s mom ……… him when he came home late last night.
7. Children should not ……… their parents.
8. A shortage of money has forced them to ……… the project
9. The effect of these pills ……… after three hours.
10. I had taken over an old company ……… liquidation

III. The following passage contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write the corrections in the corresponding
numbered boxes on your answer sheet. Number 0 is an example. (10 pts)

Page 1 of 5
 2023.Eng1
The dominance form of transport in the twentieth century is undoubtedly the motor car. But as the Line 1
century draws into a close, a large number of road users are abandoning these petrol - driven, four - wheel Line 2
boxes for a much cleaner, more efficient machine: the bicycle. Line 3
It is not a new invention, of course. In 1817, Baron von Drais invented what was known as the "running Line 4
machine". This was a two-wheeled vehicle which looked very similar to a bicycle, except that it had no chain Line 5
or pedal. The rider simply sat in the saddle and ran. It is surprising that these machines were so unpopular Line 6
when you consider how uncomfortable they must have been, but they were very fashionable among the Line 7
upper classes. Line 8
It was not until 1885 that something truly resemblance a modern bicycle came into the market. The Line 9
"safety cycle" started the beginning of the age of the two-wheeler. This was not just expensive for the Line 10
amusement of the upper classes. It was a cheap and practical machine, and it was not long before everyone Line 11
did one. Line 12
With the raise in car use in the 1950s and 60s, the bicycle went into decline. The car was, after all, faster Line 13
and more comfortable. Until there were so many of them, that is nowadays more and more people realize Line 14
that for city journeys a bicycle can be up to five times faster than a car - and it is much easier to find a park Line 15
space! Line 16
Example: 0. Line 1. dominance dominant

PART B: READING COMPREHENSION

I. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each question.
Write your answers on the answer sheet. (5 pts. )
[1]Psychology recognizes two types of research, experimental and differential. The former is concerned mainly with the overall
processes governing human activities, and the latter sets out to establish individual differences in performance. More recent
studies have demonstrated the need for a third type of psychological study, namely, that which has to do with human
development. Rather than considering this aspect of human performance as a part of the first two types, scientists [5]have noted
that developmental research indeed belongs in a separate category in and of itself. Piaget's work would indisputably fall in the
area of developmental theories that have had great impact on both experimental and differential research. When examining
Piaget's studies, it is necessary to keep in mind that, while his theories have been highly influential, his methodology has been
strongly criticized. The primary shortfall of his work had to do with a lack of definition [9]and standardization in his data and
experiment design.
1. According to the author's implications, which branch of psychology appears to be particularly controversial?
A. Theoretical B. Experimental C. Differential D. Developmental
2. In line 6, the word indisputably is closest in meaning to …
A. undoubtedly B. indiscreetly C. indirectly D. unduly
3. What is considered to be the greatest drawback of Piaget 's research?
A. His methodology was unsystematic, and his data were haphazard.
B. His methodology was not based on an influential theory.
C. His developmental theories and findings were not recognized.
D. His studies did not undergo thorough examination.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that the author is a proponent of
A. assessing a need for human development B. reversing current trends in research
C. abolishing experimental and differential studies D. furthering a third branch of investigation
5. According to the passage, developmental psychology belongs in
A. other domains of research B. a category of dispute studies
C. the domain of Piaget's work D. its own unique area of study

II. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each question.
Write your answers on the answer sheet. (10 pts.)
[1]The National Environmental Policy Act was first presented to Congress in 1969 and the following year the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) was established as an independent agency in the executive branch of the US government "to implement
the new law and permit coordinated and effective government action on behalf of the environment". The EPA consolidates in a
single body the administration of all federal environmental legislation, ranging from the Refuse Control Act [5]of
1899 to the most recent statutes concerning environmental pollution. The agency monitors environmental quality Page 2 of 5
 2023.Eng1
and seeks to control pollution. It has established special programs in air and water pollution, hazardous wastes, and toxic
chemicals, and sponsors research in the technologies of pollution control. The agency is responsible for collecting environmental
impact statements: reports on the probable environmental effects of proposed projects which might significantly alter the
environment. The National Environmental Policy Act, which became effective in 1971, requires every US government agency to
issue a [10]statement on any project it plans to undertake, regulate, or fund. From its creation to the present day the environmental
impact statement has been attacked as a hindrance to economic growth and as too vague to provide a strict standard for
environmental control. The EPA reviews all federal environmental impact statements to ensure that the statements comply with
laws. Litigation may be instigated if environmental considerations conflict with existing zoning or planning laws. The Endangered
[15]Species Act of 1972, which is designed to protect rare animal and plant species, has been used to block several projects that
might destroy vital wildlife habitats.
1. What is the subject of this passage?
A. The Refuse Control Act B. An US environmental protection agency
C. The National Environmental Policy Act D. Environmental impact statements
2. Why was EPA formed?
A. To police environmental protection measures B. To be an independent government agency
C. To legislate the Refuse Control Act of 1899 D. To control pollution
3. What word could best replace "consolidates" in line 4?
A. combines B. fortifies C. solidifies D. controls
4. What has the EP A already achieved?
A. The distribution of environmental impact statements B. The monitoring of environmental quality
C. The control of pollution D. Special programs
5. The word "statutes" in line 5 is closest in meaning to:
A. Art works B. Laws C. Governments D. Rules
6. What does the pronoun "it" in line 6 refer to?
A. Federal environmental legislation B. The Refuse Control Act
C. The EPA D. Pollution
7. On what grounds has the environmental impact statement been criticized?
A. It is an obstacle to economic progress B. It is too strict
C. It is ineffectual D. It is too precise
8. How can the EPA enforce its findings?
A. Under the Endangered Species Act B. Using environmental impact statements
C. Using existing zoning laws D. Using the courts
9. When did the National Environmental Policy Act go into operation?
A. 1969 B. 1972 C. 1971 D. 1970
10. What is the purpose of the Endangered Species Act?
A. To protect animals B. To guard threatened wildlife
C. To preserve wildlife habitats D. To block projects

III. Fill each gap in the following passage with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (5 pts)
Many of the things we do depend on receiving information from other people. Catching a train, making a phone call and going to
the cinema all involve information that is stored, processed and communicated. In the past this information (1)… to be kept on
paper in the form of, for example, books, newspapers and timetables. Now more and more information is put on (2)…….
Computers play a part in our everyday lives, sometimes (3)…. us even realising it. Consider the use of computers in both shops
and offices. Big shops, especially chain stores with branches (4)…. over the country, have to deal with very large amounts of
information. They have to make (5)……… there are enough goods on the shelves for customers to buy, they need to be able to re-
order before stocks (6)…… out, to decide which things are selling well and so on. All these processes are performed quickly and
efficiently by computers.
A (7)……. of office work in the past involved information on paper. Once it had been dealt (8) ……. by people the paper was put
(9)…. for future reference. This way of working was (10) ……. particularly easy or fast. A computerised system is much more
efficient.

PART C: WRITING
I. Finish each of the sentences below in such a way that it means the same as the original one. Page 3 of 5
 2023.Eng1
Write your answers on the answer sheet. (10 pts.)
1. The writer’s terse writing style contrasted sharply with his spoken language.
There ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. You should not lock this door for any reason when the building is open to the public.
Under ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. . .
3. When a policeman appeared at the door I was pretty taken aback.
Imagine ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. It’s your duty to clean the floor today.
You are ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. We have been able to increase our exports every year although we have some economic difficulties.
No …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. The architect’s new design was heavily criticized.
The architect’s new design came………………………………………………………………………………………………………. .
7. Nobody can deny that she has a beautiful voice.
It ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. I am sure that he missed the seven o’clock train.
He can’t…………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………. . .
9. I left my last job because I didn’t really agree with my manager’s approach.
Not seeing………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………. . .
10. None of the passengers were injured because the driver reacted quickly.
But ………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………. .

II. Rewrite each of the sentences below in such a way that its meaning stays the same, using the word given in capitals. Do
NOT change this word in any way. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (5 pts)
1. Only passengers with Gold Star tickets may use the executive lounge. (RESTRICTED)
Use of the executive lounge…………………………………………………………………………. possession of Gold Star tickets.
2. In Colin’s opinion, he hasn’t done anything he should apologise for. (CONCERNED)
As…………………………………………………, he hasn’t done anything he should apologise for.
3. Dr Potter was offended by some of the remarks that were made about her work. (EXCEPTION)
Dr Potter ………………………………………………. some of the remarks that were made about her work.
4. It is not very likely that Angela will be given the leading role. (CHANCE)
Angela has ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………the leading role.
5. It took several months for George to recover completely from his accident. (MAKE)
Only after several months…………………………………………………………………………………………………. his accident.

PART D: PHONOLOGY
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other three in each of the
following questions. Write your answers (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet. (2. 5 pts)
1. A. slaughter B. mausoleum C. laudable D. gauge
2. A. opposing B. Muslim C. catastrophe D. pleasant
3. A. photocopy B. photoelectric C. photograph D photogenic
4. A. symbolic B. offensive C. monologue. D. obscure
5. A. crooked B. docked C. rugged D. sacred

II. Choose the word whose main stress position is different from that of the other three in each of the following
questions. Write your answers (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet. (2. 5 pts)
6. A. acupuncture B. understand C. agriculture D. endoscope
7. A. interviewee B. inferiority C. differentiate D. cinematography
8. A. artery B. official C. arduous D. politics
9. A. geographic B. ascertain C. manufacture D. authoritative
10. A. indoctrinate B. interpreter C. innocent D. innocuous

PART E: GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY Page 4 of 5

 2023.Eng1
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each of the following sentences.
Write your answers (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet. (5 pts)
11. Politicians often promise to solve all problems ___.
A. thick and fast B. on the whole C. of set purpose D. at a stroke
12. Karen was terribly nervous before the interview, but she managed to pull herself _____ and act confidently.
A. through B. over C. together D. off
13. Sarah and I _____ reserved the rooms in the same hotel. She was really surprised to see me there.
A. coincidentally B. practically C. intentionally D. deliberately
14. David was deported on account of his expired visa. He _____ it renewed.
A. must have had B. should have had C. needn’t have had D. mightn't have had
15 The year-end party was______. We had never tasted such delicious food.
A. out of this world B. over the moon C. best of both worlds D. on top of the world
16. He bought three shirts; one for him and _____ for his children.
A. others B. the other C. another D. the others
17. When friends insist on _____ expensive gifts, it makes most people uncomfortable.
A. them to accept B. they accepting C. their accepting D. they accept
18. No candidate fulfils all the ______ for this position.
A. standards B. experience C. criteria D. requirement
19. We couldn’t fly _____ because all the tickets had been sold out.
A. economically B. economy C. economic D. economics
20. Round and round _______.
A. the wheels of the engine went B. did the wheels of the engine go
C. went the wheels of the engine D. going the wheels of the engine

PART F: GAP FILLING

Read the following passage and choose the correct word to fill each gap.
Write your answers (A, B, C or D) on the answer sheet.
For many people doing physical exercise may (21)…… a painful torturing of the body. Therefore, there’s usually something we
come up with that is of bigger importance than putting one’s muscles through their paces. Unless we are forced to go in for a
physical training, we are (22)…… to treat it as something of a lower (23)…… than staying in front of the TV set, spending time in a
pub (24)… alcoholic beverages or consuming excessive quantities of fattening confectionery in a café. We need to be considerably
motivated to take up a body workout and build our physical fitness. What usually (25)…… individuals from (26)… themselves to
strenuous exercise is the fear of fatigue, discomfort or even the (27)… of being outdone by true fitness zealots.
However, getting fit is fully a matter of common sense. Different forms of exercise may be of great (28)…… to be the human body
increasing its strength, flexibility and endurance. When supported by a nutritious diet, much better performance of the heart and the
lung improves the blood circulation making an individual more resistant to stressful situations as well as more (29)…… to infections
and diseases.
In the first place, self-discipline that is requisite for processing with such physical effort ought to be attained to ensure that the
intention of becoming healthier and more vigorous isn’t (30)…… by any trivial impediments.
21. A. incorporate B. entail C. administer D. correspond
22. A. tended B. implied C. affirmed D. inclined
23. A. superiority B. privilege C. advantage D. priority
24. A. smacking B. sipping C. seething D. sniffing
25. A. repels B. denies C. opposes D. rejects
26. A. committing B. absorbing C. involving D. engrossing
27. A. hindrances B. impairments C. preventions D. inhibitions
28. A. liking B. benefit C. appreciation D. gain
29. A. irresistible B. preventative C. immune D. wary
30. A. persecuted B. tormented C. harassed D. suppressed

THE END
Page 5 of 5