ventral view

13 : Maxilla 41 :
lnlermaxillary
suture

14 :
Pinform aperture 42 :
Ramusofmandible
Nasalaest ; vorher 43 :

hfra-orbitalfor.16.tn/eriornasalconcha44:Nasomaxi/ arysu-
15 :

Irre

17 : Gnathion
45.FM/ozygomaticsuture
1 Mandible 46
18 : :
Shenoparietal
"there
19
31 1g : Frontal bone
2

32 6 20: Glabella
20 21
46

3310 34 21 :
Supra -
Orbital foramen

/
z
5 45
30
29 28
zu 22 :
Superior Orbital fissore
Eu #
"

↳ Zygomaticbone frontal
23 :
es ,

3738 26 24: lnternasalsuture

11 34
12 43

%
1 25 .tn/aiororbitaIftsswe
3513 -16

36
26:
Zygomaticarch
27 Manila ,frontal
process
:

41

28 :Frontolacrimalsuture
%
29 :
Sphenoidalboneiksserwing
30:
Sphenofrontalsuture
39
40 18
31 :(oronalsuture

32 :
Parietalbonepphenoidal
17
33 :

Sphenoidalbonejgreater
34 :( nfra-orbitalmarg.in
7.Frontal Zygomaticomaxillarysuture
1. Forehead
boneiorbitalpart 35 :

2. Frontal Orbit 36 Anterior nasalspine

bonejsquamouspart 8
: :

9
3.Frontonasalsuture
Zygomaticboneiorbitalsuface 37 Ethmoidelbone
: :

4 : Nasion
1OFrontalbonqzygomah.cn process D8 Middknasalconcha
:

5. Nasalbone 11 : Zygomaticofacialforamen 39 : Mental

foramen

Superciliaryarch 12 :

Zygomaticbone; lateral Surface

40 :
Bodyofmandible
 Medial view

1 :(oronalsuture

[ Dorsum sellae

3. Sellaturcica

4 :(
ribriformpkdesiforami .

Frontal sinus
4 1
14 G. Medial nasal concha

¥
→
7.
Sphemoidalsinus
Yepfiaydgamänpaass
8-
)
-

16
19
g. Palatine bone
^5
6 32 Palatine
10
process, nasal
:

16 8
-

nferiornasalcor.LT
19
+
11 :(
11 .

Pterygoidhamules
13 12:
10 9
20 8 4
13
Hypoglossalcanal
:

12
14: Grooves forarteries
15 Arcuateeminence
:

16 :
Internat acousticporesi
meatus

17 :
Mastoidforamen
18 : Groovefortransrerse
Sinus
19 :
Squamuspartofocapital
bone

Maxillaidlvedarproass
20 :

21 :
Occipitacondyl
ventral cranialview
1: disc

man 2.
Lig iliolumbale
.

^
3 :
anterior sacro
-
iliac
2
4

6 3
ligament
ii. Anterior longitudinal lieg.

7 16
9

^}
8
\
6. Anterior
saorioiliacalig.es)
12 t.lig.sacrospin.us
saaotuberous
Lig
10 8. -

11
14

95pinailiacaanteriorsup.co.il/emoraIlig./hipjoint
11 : Pubictubercle
12
g. inguinahe
13 :
Arens iliopectineus
14:48 pubicwnsupeeius .

15 Foramen ischiadicurn
:

minus
16 Foramen ischiadiaem
:

+
Orbiadais majus
zora
wohnen
 8

10 3

9
4

1
2
5

A. Sacrum 8. llliaccrest
2
Antenorsacnalforamen 9
Symphysial surface
: :

3 :
Labrum 10:16am
4
Ligofheadoffemur
:

5. Obturator membrane
6 :
Saorotuberouslig .

7-
Saaospinaslig .
Anterior uiewwithkneeflexed

i.
Patellarlig .

2:(
ondylesoftibia
3 : lnterossous membrane

8
19 ofleg
14
13
4:
Neckoffibula
18 5. Headoffibula
10
15
sz G- Mentors Lateral

Fibularcdtaterallig
9 7- .

7
6
8 :
Patella surface
2
9. Anteeiorcwciatelig
Tibiacdlaterallig
2
10 :

5
ii. Patella
4 1
12 :

Postuioravcialelig .

16
13 :

Subrapatellarbwsa
14 : Groove forlateralmenisc.us

3
11 15 :
Tendonofpopliteus
16
Apex of patella
17 :

17 Base :
of patella
18 :

Notchforanlenorcwcialelig .

19 :
Grooreformedialmeniscus
 phenoid
1 :

Hartig
[
.

2 :
lateral mass

Temporal
12
3. posterior
longitudinale
| 4. Discs

axial
14 5. Atlanta joint
-
-

13
G. Foramen transversalen
Giros
7. Atlanten
occipitaljoint
-

Ab

bandofjg.gg
15
ofattas
µ
8. Transversale
-

g.
9
Superior longitudinal !
:

µ z
avciateüg
!
Occipit g
°
10 :
Inferior -

It -

11
:(behind longitudinal) Apicallig : .

10
12 : Dorsum sellae
5
4 13 :
Occipitalbone
3 14
:
Inleenalacasticpore
is Foramen
jaguar
:

Hypoglossalcanal
16 :
 A. Hunnen
ulnarjoint
-

2. Ulna

sitlldialepicondyle
4. Hunnen
-

radio joint
^5
16
5. Humeral radio
lig
-

= cohlatbal
12 14
13 176 Radius :

8
7. interossousmernbranh
9 18
11
8 :(
ondyle
10
9:(
oronoidproass
10
Anularlig of radius
:
-

3 11 :
Radialarcollalerallig .

19 12:
Epicondyle
Lateral
4
5 13 :(
apitutum

µ
⑧epicadyk 14 Trochkd
'

15 : Radial fossa
7
16 :(oronoidfossa
1
: ventral
6
right A. Epicondyk
18 :(
Slnarcollatrallig .

2
19 :
Obliquecord

right .la/erdl
 Cribriformplate

Optional

Orbital
2
Superior
Anterior fissore
cranial
1 Dorsum setae

'
Foramen
5 rotunduem

Foramen
3 orale

8
Foramen
9 Launen
4

Middle Foramen

cranial
7 spinosum

Candid canal

Chivas
Internat acoustic
6
pore
Jugularforamen
Posterior Grooveforsigmoid
sinus
Hypoglosscalamal
cranial
Foramen
magnum

Cerebellarfossa
Groove for transversesinus

1 :(rista Galli Lesser 9 :<arotidsulas

Wing
5 :

2. Foramencaecum 6 :
Mastoidforamen
3 :
tuberculumsellae 7.
Spineofsphenoidbone
4:
posterior
dinoid
process
8:
Hypophysialfossa
 PRACTICAL

A. öylomastoidforamen
2-Foramen
magnum
5
3 :(
ondylefossa
4 :(hoana

5.
hcisiveforaenen
6.
25 Greaterpalatineforamen
6
17 7 : Lesser
palatine foramen
704 12
8 Foramen Iacerum
:

9 Foramen ovale
:

zu 10 Foramen
spinosum
:

4 10
22
11 masteroid foramen
8
:

es
12 12:(arotidcanal
15
13 Mastoid
14 process
:

13
^ 14 Foramen
Jugular
:

zo
21
15 :
External acoustic
2 pore
} 16 :
External occipitalprotuberana
17 :

Interior Orbital fissure

11 18 External
:
occipitalcrest
19 :
Inferior nuchdline
18

19
20 :
Occipitalcondyle
21 : Mastoidnotch

16 22 :
Sukusofauditory tube

23 :
Mandibularfossa

↳ fehlst View 24 : Articulartubercb

25 :

Zygomaticarch
find Foramen Ntundum Ilnlerndacouslicpore
→
 frontal view

AMaxillaifontalpocess8ilnfra-orbitalmaog.in 15 :
Bodyofmandible
9 Mental foramen
2. Frontolacnmalsuture
Zygomaticomaxillarysutuoe 16
: :

3.
Sphenofrontalsuture 10 :
Ethmoiddbone 17 :
Mental protuberance
4:(ownalsutuoe 11
'

-
Midaenasalconcha 18 :
lntermaxillarysuture
5. Parietalbone ii. Vorher 19 :
Ramusofmandibk
G. Lacrimalbone
Maxillqnasalspine
13 :
20 :

lnfra -
orbital foramen
75phenoidalboneai-Anteinornasalsp.im 21 :
Nasomaxillarysuture

4 25

5 24

3 6
zu zu
2
22
7
11110
2^8 20

9
12

14
18

13
19

16 15

17

22 :
Sphenzygomatic
23
Sphenoidalbonegreaterwing
:

24 : Frontozygomaticsutuoe
25 :
Sphenoparietalsuhere
 Lateral view

A.
Temporal bonejsquamouspart 6:
Temporal line 11 Nasomaxillanfsuture
:

2.
Sphenosquamoussuture 7 :

Sphenozygomaticsuture 12 : Fossa forlacrimalsac

Sphenofrontalsuture 8. Anterior nasal

Frontozygomaticsutureels
5.
spinne
:

4-
Squamoussuture 9 Frontolacrimalsuture 14 Zygomaticomaxillarysuture
: :

5- Coronalsuture 10
Lacrimomaxillarysuture 15
Teemporozygomaticsuture
: :

19

5
20

^^
21
6 9
3
10
8
4
12
2 7 13
22 1
14

24T ^5
29 18

23 25
2428
16
17

16 Mental
protuberana 22 :
Squamoussuture 28 :
Occipitalcondyle
:

17 : Mental foramen 23 Lambdoidsuture

:
29
Ternporomandibularjoint
:

18 :

Zygomaticarch 24 : Parietomastoidsuture
19 :

Superior temporal linezöoaipitomastoidsuture

20 :
Inferior temporal Line 26 :

Extemalacousticpore
21 : Parietaltuber 27 :
Styloid process
Medial view

1 :(oronalsuture

[ Dorsum sellae

3. Sellaturcica

4 :(
ribriformplalesiforami .

Frontal sinus
4 1
14 G.
Ethmoidalboneperpen
-

¥
T dicularplate
7.
Sphemoidalsinus
Yepfinedgamänpaass
8-
(

)
-

16
19
g. Palatine bone
^5
6 32 Palatine
10
process, nasal
:

16
18 Crest
z
µ: Vorher
11

Pterygoidhamules
13 12:
10 9
8
13
Hypoglossalcanal
:

12
14: Grooves forarteries
15 Arcuateeminence
:

16 :
Internat acousticporesi
meatus

17 :
Mastoidforamen
18 : Groovefortransrerse
Sinus
19 :
Squamuspartofocapital
bone
 13 : Maxilla 41 :
lnlermaxillary
suture

14 :
Pinform aperture 42 :
Ramusofmandible
Nasalaest ; vorher 43 :

hfra-orbitalfor.16.tn/eriornasalconcha44:Nasomaxi/ arysu-
15 :

Irre

17 : Gnathion
45.FM/ozygomaticsuture
1 Mandible 46
18 : :
Shenoparietal
"there
19
31 1g : Frontal bone
2

32 6 20: Glabella
20 21
46

3310 34 21 :
Supra -
Orbital foramen

/
z
5 45
30
29 28
zu 22 :
Superior Orbital fissore
Eu #
"

↳ Zygomaticbone frontal
23 :
es ,

3738 26 24: tnternasalsuture

11 34
12 43

%
1 25 :( nferiororbitatftssure
3513 -16

36
26:
Zygomaticarch
27 Manila ,frontal
process
:

41

28 :Frontolacrimalsuture
%
29 :
Sphenoidalboneiksserwing
30:
Sphenofrontalsuture
39
40 18
31 :(oronalsuture

32 :
Parietdbonepphenoidal
17
33 :

Sphenoidalbonejgreater
34 :( nfra-orbitalmarg.in
7.Frontal Zygomaticomaxillarysuture
1. Forehead
boneiorbitalpart 35 :

Frontal Orbit 36 Anterior nasalspine

bonejsquamouspart 8
: :

9
3.Frontonasalsuture
Zygomaticboneiorbitalsuface 37 Ethmoidelbone
: :

4. Nasion
1OFrontalbonqzygomah.cn process D8 Middknasalconcha
:

5. Nasalbone 11 : Zygomaticofacidforamen 39 : Mental

foramen

Superciliaryarch 12 :

Zygomaticbone; lateral Surface

40 :
Bodyofmandible
 view
superior
1. Frontal tuber

2 :(oronalsuture

3 :

Superior temporal line

1 anterior temporal line

5. Parietaltuber

6.
Sagittalsuture
11 7 :
Parietal foramen
8. Lambdoidsuture
z
3
9 : Lambda

Occiput
10 :

4
11 :
Bregma
12: Vertex (most
superior
partofhead)
5

12
6

7
8

9
10
Posterior view
1.
Sagittalsuture
2: Peenetal foramen
3 :
Lambdoidsuture

4.
^
lnterparietalboneinca
5. Suturalbones
2

bitransverseoccipital
suture

3
7-
Squamoussuture
5
8. Parietomastoidsuture
4
9. Occipitomastoidsuture
5 10 :
Mastoid foramen

11 :Masud notch
6
5
7

8
12: Styloid process
13 : Inferior nuchal line
9 18

10
^"

16
14:
Superiornuchalline
13
17
15 :
Inion
11

Extemaloaipitialprotuberana
n 16 :

A-
Mastoidproass
18
Occipitalboneisquamas
15 :

part
L
R
210. Temporal fossa
211. Squamous suture
212. Coronal suture
213. Pterion
214. Great wing of sphenoid
215. Glabella
216. Supraorbital foramen
217. Supraorbital notch
218. Nasion
219. Lacrimal bone
220. Infraorbital foramen
221. Piriform aperture
222. Zygomaticoorbital foramen
223. Zygomaticofacial foramen
224. Alveolar part
225. Mental protuberance
226. Mental foramen
227. Ramus of Mandible
228. Coronoid process
229 (Right). Condylar process
229 (Left). External acoustic meatus
230. Tympanic part of temporal bone
231. Occipitomastoid suture
232. Parietomastoid suture
233. Sterion
234. Lambdoid suture
235. Squamous part of temporal bone
673. Frontal sinus 687. Hypophysis
674. Superior nasal concha 688. Sphenoid sinus
675. Medial nasal concha 689. Pharyngeal sinus
676. Inferior nasal concha 690. Torus tubarius
677. Nasal treshold 691. Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube
678. Hard palate 692. Salpingopharyngeal fold
679. Nostril 693. Soft palate
680. Lingual septum 694. Uvula
681. Genioglossus 695. Palate tonsil
682. Geniohyoid 696. Lingual tonsil
683. Mylohyoid 697. Epiglottis
684. Hyoid bone 698. Cuneiform tubercle
685. Larynx 699. Corniculate tubercle
686. Thyroid cartilage 700. Esophagus
1456. Coronal suture
1457. Greater wing
1458. Lesser wing
1459. Anterior clinoid process
1460. Cribiform plate
1461. Bony nasal septum
1462. Frontal process of maxilla
1463. Inferior nasal concha
1464. Anterior nasal spine
1465. Incisive canal
1466. Palatine process
1467. Alveolar process
1468. Pterygoid hamulus
1469. Palatine bone
1470. Medial pterygoid plate
1471. Lateral pterygoid plate
1472. Occipital condyle
1473. Hypoglossal canal
1474. Basilar part of occipital bone
1475. Groove for transverse sinus
1476. External occipital protuberance
1477. Lambdoid suture
1478. Groove for sigmoid sinus
1479. Groove for superior petrosal sinus
1480. Grooves for middle meningeal vessels
1481. Trigeminal impression
1538. Foramen rotundum 1547. Limbus
1539. Cerebral surface 1548. Tuberculum sellae
1540. Foramen ovale 1549. Sphenoidal yoke
1541. Spine 1550. Ethmoidal spine
1542. Foramen spinousum 1551. Preciasmatic sulcus
1543. Dorsum sellae 1552. Superior orbital fissure
1544. Hypophyseal fossa 1553. Optic canal
1545. Sphenoidal lingula 1554. Greater wing
1546. Frontal margin 1555. Lesser wing
1631. Anterior meniscotibial ligament 1635. Posterior cruciate ligament
1632. Anterior cruciate ligament 1636. Posterior meniscofemoral ligaments
1633. Medial meniscus 1637. Lateral meniscus
1634. Posterior meniscotibial ligament 1638. Transverse ligament of knee
A7

A6

A2

A1

A3
A5

A4
A1. Iliofemoral ligament
A2. Zona orbicularis
A3. Ischiofemoral ligament
A4. Lesser sciatic foramen
A5. Sacrotuberous ligament
A6. Sacrospinous ligament
A7. Great sciatic foramen
 B4 B6
B1

B2 B7
B5

B3
B1. Alar ligaments
B2. Longitudinal bands; Cruciate ligament of
atlas
B3. Tectorial membrane
B4. Occipital bone
B5. Transverse ligament of atlas; Cruciate
ligament of atlas
B6. Jugular foramen
B7. Foramen transversarium
 C2 C6
C1

C10

C4

C5
C9
C3

C11

C8
C7
C1. Deltoid C10. Biceps brachii, long head, tendon
C2. Coraco-acromial ligament C11. Subtendinous bursa
C3. Glenoid cavity
C4. Teres minor
C5. Glenoid labrum
C6. Trapezoid ligament
C7. Triceps brachii, long head
C8. Subscapularis
C9. Joint capsule
 D1
D5 D2 D6 D7

D8
D3

D9
D4

D10

D12

D11
D13
D1. Frontal sinus D10. Limen nasi
D2. Sphenoid sinus D11. Incisive canal
D3. Torus tubarius D12. Maxillary sinus
D4. Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube D13. Nasal vestibule
D5. Hypophysis
D6. Superior nasal concha
D7. Middle nasal concha
D8. Inferior nasal concha
D9. Nasolacrimal duct
 E4 E1
E5 E2

E3

E6
E7

E8

E9

E11

E10 E12

E13
E14
E1. Incisive fossa E10. Stylomastoid foramen
E2. Hard palate E11. Foramen magnum
E3. Zygomatic arch E12. Occipital condyle
E4. Greater palatine foramen E13. External occipital protuberance
E5. Lesser palatine foramen E14. Foramen lacerum
E6. Foramen ovale
E7. Foramen spinosum
E8. Carotid canal
E9. Jugular foramen
 2

9
6
8

9
3 4
5
2 7

4 10

8 1 6

1 Perpendicular plate
2 Crista galli
3 Orbital (later) plate
4 Cribiform plate with foramina
5 Ethmoid sinus
6 Middle nasal concha
7 Superior nasal concha
8 Uncinate process
9 Ethmoidal cells
10 Ethmoidal bulla
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
 13
12

17

11

10

2
15 7

9
14
3
5
1

4
16

1 Ischiofemoral ligament
2 Iliofemoral ligament
3 Sacrotuberous ligament
4 Lesser trochanter
5 Greater trochanter
6 Pectineal line
7 Head of femur
8 Intertrochanteric crest
9 Superficial dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament
10 Posterior sacroiliac ligaments
11 Posterior superior iliac spine
12 Iliac crest
13 Transverse process of lumbar vertebra
14 Sacrospinous ligament
15 Greater sciatic foramen
16 Supraspinous ligament
17 Interspinous ligament / Interosseous
Sacroiliac ligaments
 8

5
11
10 4

9
3

7 6
2

1 Anterior pubic ligament

2 Iliofemoral ligament
3 Sacrotuberous ligament
4 Sacrospinous ligament
5 Sacro-iliac joint, anterior sacro-iliac ligament
6 Greater trochanter
7 Inguinal ligament
8 Iliolumbar ligament
9 Anterior superior iliac spine
10 Greater sciatic foramen
11 Lesser sciatic foramen
 2

1 3

6
9

10

1 Acetabulum
2 Tendon of rectus femoris
3 Tendon of head of femur
4 Acetabulum labrum
5 Iliofemoral ligament, joint capsule
6 Obturator foramen with membrane
7 Sacrospinous ligament
8 Sacrotuberous ligament
9 Transverse acetabular ligament
10 Ischiofemoral ligament, joint capsule
 5

6 7

8
44
9

10

11

2 5
3

12

1 Intervertebral foramen
2 Nucleus pulposus
3 Anulus fibrosus
4 Anterior longitudinal ligament
5 Posttrior longitudinal ligament
6 Vertebral body
7 Ligamentum flavum
8 Interspinous ligament
9 Supraspinous ligament
10 Spinous process
11 Pedicle
12 Lamina
 17
5

7
16

6 4 9
1

2 10 11
14
8 12
3 13
15
31

22

28 29
23 21 30

27
18
20 32
26
37
19 24

34
25
36

33
35

38

1 Inferior articular surface 18 Inferior articular process 33 Superior articular process

2 Facet for dens 19 Apex of dens 34 Mammillary process
3 Anterior tubercle 20 Anterior articular facet 35 Costal process
4 Foramen transversarium 21 Vertebral body 36 Lamina
5 Posterior tubercle 22 Superior articular process 37 Spinous process
6 Transverse process 23 Anterior and posterior tubercle 38 Pedicle
7 Posterior arch of atlas
8 Anterior arch of atlas 24 Vertebral body
25 Anular epiphysis
9 Superior articular process 26 Superior costal facet
10 Foramen transversarium 27 Superior articular process
11 Posterior tubercle (zygapophysis)
12 Anterior tubercle 28 Lamina
13 Groove for spinal nerve 29 Transverse process
14 Vertebral body 30 Transverse costal facet
15 Uncus of body 31Spinous process
16 Vertebral arch 32 Pedicle
17 Spinous process
1 …
2
 10
9

5 6
2

11 13
3

8 12

2 14

1 Radial collateral ligament

2 Ulnar collateral ligament
3 Anular ligament of radius
4 Olecranon
5 Capitulum
6 Trochlear
7 Tendon of Biceps brachii
8 Oblique cord
9 Medial epicondyle
10 Lateral epicondyle
11 Humero-radial joint (lateral)
12 HUmero-ulnar joint (medial)
13 Proximal radio-ulnar joint
14 Neck of radius
1
2
 5

11

12
7 2
1

6
3

8 10
4

1 Alar ligament
2 Superior longitudinal band
3 Transverse ligament of atlas
4 Inferior longitudinal ligament
5 Occipital bone, Basilar part
6 Altas (Transverse process)
7 Atlanto-occipital joint
8 Atlanto-axial joint
9 Axis
10 Tectorial membrane
11 Hypoglossal canal
12 Groove for sigmoid sinus
 10

2
1

3 9

8
4
3

1 Saccral promontory
2 Anterior border of ala
3 Anterior sacral foramina
4 Auricular surface
5 Saccral and coccygeal cornea
6 Coccyx
7 Inferolateral angle
8 Lateral mass
9 First sacral body
10 Intervertebral disc