Anic Chemistry

Topic 14 – Organic chemistry 1
Topic 14 – Organic chemistry

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©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

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11 11
12 12The diagram shows the separation of petroleum into fractions.
gasoline
petroleum
Z
bitumen
What could X, Y and Z represent?
X Y Z
A diesel oil lubricating fraction paraffin

B lubricating fraction diesel oil paraffin
C paraffin lubricating fraction diesel oil
D paraffin diesel oil lubricating fraction

13 13Which of the compounds shown are in the same homologous series?
1. CH3OH
2. CH3CH2OH
3. CH3COOH
4. CH3CH2CH2OH
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4
14 14Which compounds contain the same number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms?
W X Y Z
ethyl methanoate methyl ethanoate methyl methanoate ethyl ethanoate
A W and X B W and Y C X and Z D Y and Z
15 15The structure of a monomer is shown.
Which polymer can be made from this monomer?
16 16

17 17Which formula represents a polyester?
18 18Petroleum is an important fossil fuel. Which row correctly describes petroleum?

type of substance composition
A compound mainly hydrocarbons

B compound only hydrogen and carbon
C mixture mainly hydrocarbons
D mixture only hydrogen and carbon
19 19What is an advantage of producing ethanol by fermentation of sugar compared to the catalytic

addition of steam to ethene?
A The alcohol produced is purer.

B The process is faster.
C The process uses high temperature.
D The process uses renewable raw materials.
20 20Butane reacts as shown.
What is this type of reaction?
A combustion
B cracking
C polymerisation
D reduction

21 21Substance Z has the following characteristics.
1 It burns in an excess of oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water. 2

It is oxidised by air to form a liquid smelling of vinegar.
5. It reacts with carboxylic acids to form esters.
What is substance Z?
A ethane
B ethanoic acid
C ethanol
D ethyl ethanoate
22 22Ethanol is manufactured by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene and by fermentation.
Which row shows an advantage and a disadvantage of using the catalytic addition of steam to
ethene compared to fermentation?
advantage disadvantage
A fast the product is impure

B fast uses non-renewable materials
C the product is pure slow
D uses renewable materials slow
23 23The partial structure of addition polymer X is shown.
Which monomer is used to form polymer X?

A CH2=CH2
B CH3CH=CH2
C CH3CH=CHCH3
D CH3CH2CH=CH2

24 24The diagram shows the partial structure of Terylene.
From which pair of compounds is it made?
25 25The diagram shows the structure of a simple hydrocarbon and the products of two of its
reactions.

26 26Which row describes the formation of a polymer?
monomer polymer
A ethane poly(ethane)
B ethane poly(ethene)
C ethene poly(ethane)
D ethene poly(ethene)
27 27What is not the correct use for the fraction named?
name of fraction use
A fuel oil making waxes

B gas oil diesel engines
C kerosene jet fuel
D naphtha fraction making chemicals
28 28Ethanol can be formed by
1 fermentation
2 reaction between steam and ethene
Which of these processes uses a catalyst?
29 29By which of the following methods is ethanol formed?
1 fractional distillation of petroleum

2 fermentation
3 catalytic addition of steam to ethene
A 1 and 2 only
B 1 and 3 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3

30 30Which homologous series is not represented in the compounds shown below?
A alcohols
B alkanes
C alkenes
D carboxylic acids
31 31Alkenes are manufactured by cracking hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum.
hydrocarbon P
obtained cracking
hydrocarbon Q
from petroleum
Which row describes the size of the molecules in hydrocarbons P and Q and the effect of Q on
aqueous bromine?
size of P size of Q effect of Q

molecules molecules on aqueous bromine
A large small decolourises

B large small no effect
C small large decolourises
D small large no effect
32 32Which statement about alkane molecules is correct?
A They burn in oxygen.

B They contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
C They contain double bonds.
D They contain ionic bonds.

33 33The structures of four organic compounds are shown.
Which statement is not correct?
A Only one of the compounds is an alcohol.

B Only one of the compounds is an alkane.
C Only one of the compounds is unsaturated.
D Only three of the compounds are hydrocarbons.
34 34What is not essential for the formation of ethanol by fermentation?
A light
B sugar
C yeast
D water
35 35Which statements are correct for ethanoic acid?
1 It contains a carbon-oxygen double bond.

2 It contains two carbon atoms.
3 It decolourises bromine water.
4 It contains an –OH group.
A 1 and 2 only
B 1 and 3
C 1, 2 and 4
D 2, 3 and 4
36 36A hydrocarbon A is cracked to make B and hydrogen. Compound C is formed by the addition
polymerisation of B. To which homologous series do A, B and C belong?
alkene alkane
A A B and C
B B A and C
C C A and B
D – A and C

37 37Which type of compound is shown?
A alcohol
B alkane
C alkene
D carboxylic acid
38 38Which statement about methane is not correct?

A It is a liquid produced by distilling petroleum.
B It is produced as vegetation decomposes.
C It is produced by animals, such as cows.
D It is used as a fuel.
39 39The table shows the composition of four different types of petroleum (crude oil).
Arabian Heavy Arabian Light Iranian Heavy North Sea

fraction /% /% /% /%
gasoline 18 21 21 23
kerosene 11.5 13 13 15
diesel oil 18 20 20 24
fuel oil 52.5 46 46 38
Which type of petroleum is best for the motor vehicle industry?
A Arabian Heavy
B Arabian Light
C Iranian Heavy
D North Sea
40 40Which is an air pollutant that affects a part of the body other than the lungs and blood system?
A lead compounds
B nitrogen
C oxides of nitrogen
D sulfur dioxide

41 41Alkenes are manufactured by cracking hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum.
alkane X obtained alkene Y

from petroleum
Cracking
Which row describes the process of cracking?

size of X size of Y catalyst temperature
molecules molecules required required
A large small no low
B large small yes high
C small large no low
D small large yes high
42 42X, Y and Z are three hydrocarbons.
X. CH2=CH2 Y. CH3–CH=CH2 Z. CH3–CH2–CH=CH2
What do compounds X, Y and Z have in common?
1 They are all alkenes.

2 They are all part of the same homologous series
3 They all have the same boiling point.
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only
43 43Which statements about ethanol are correct?
1 It can be made by fermentation.

2 It is an unsaturated compound.
3 It burns in air and can be used as a fuel.
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only
44 44Ethanol can be manufactured from substance X.
catalyst
substance X + steam ethanol
What is substance X?
A carbon dioxide
B ethene
C hydrogen
D oxygen

45 45Increasing the number of atoms in one molecule of a hydrocarbon increases the amount of
energy released when it burns.
What is the correct order?
less energy more energy

released released
A ethene ethane methane
B ethene methane ethane
C methane ethane ethene

D methane ethene ethane
46 46Which molecular structure shows hexene?
47 47The diagram shows three repeat units in the structure of an addition polymer.
H Cl H H H Cl
C C C C C C
H H H Cl H H
Which alkene monomer is used to make this polymer?

48 48Which statement about alkenes is not correct?

A The functional group is C=C.
B The structural difference between one member and the next is – CH3 –.
C They form a homologous series.
D They turn aqueous bromine from brown to colourless.
49 49Organic compounds may have names ending in -ane, -ene, -ol or -oic acid.
How many of these endings indicate the compounds contain double bonds in their molecules?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
50 50The table shows the boiling points of four members of the homologous series of alcohols.
compound
boiling point
name formula / °C
methanol CH3OH 65
ethanol C2H5OH 78
propanol C3H7OH X
butanol C4H9OH 117
What is the value of X?
A 55 °C B 82 °C C 98 °C D 115 °C
51 51The table shows some fractions that are obtained from petroleum by fractional distillation,
together with some of their uses.
fraction use
refinery gas cooking
gasoline fuel for cars
1 making chemicals
2 jet fuel
3 fuel for ships
bitumen making roads
Which row correctly identifies fractions 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3
A diesel oil fuel oil lubricating fraction
B fuel oil diesel oil kerosene
C kerosene naphtha diesel oil
D naphtha kerosene fuel oil
52 52Which columns describe the hydrocarbons ethane and ethene?
1 2 3 4
state at room temperature gas gas liquid liquid
reaction with oxygen burns burns burns burns
reaction with aqueous decolourises decolourises

bromine no reaction bromine no reaction bromine
A 1 (ethane) and 2 (ethene)
B 1 (ethane) and 4 (ethene)
C 2 (ethene) and 3 (ethane)
D 3 (ethane) and 4 (ethene)
53 53Which of the statements about ethanol are correct?
1 Ethanol can be formed by an addition reaction.
2 Ethanol can be formed by fermentation.
3 When ethanol burns in air, it forms carbon dioxide and water.
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 C 1 and 3 D 2 and 3
54 54Petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbons which can be separated into fractions using fractional
distillation.
Which fraction is used as fuel in jet engines?
A bitumen
B gasoline
C kerosene
D naphtha

55 55Three types of organic compound are alkanes, alkenes and alcohols.
Which structure does not belong to any of these three types of compound?
56 56The diagram represents ethene.
H H
C C
H H
Which compound has chemical properties similar to those of ethene?
57 57Which of the statements about ethanol are correct?
4 Ethanol can be formed by an addition reaction.
5 Ethanol can be formed by fermentation.
6 When ethanol burns in air, it forms carbon dioxide and water.
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 C 1 and 3 D 2 and 3

58 58The diagram shows some properties of two organic compounds X and Y.
reacts used
with as a
bromine fuel
steam
X and a Y
catalyst
used
polymerises as a
solvent
What are X and Y?
X Y
A ethane ethanoic acid
B ethane ethanol
C ethene ethanoic acid
D ethene ethanol
59 59Organic compounds may have names ending in -ane, -ene, -ol or -oic acid.
How many of these endings indicate the compounds contain double bonds in their molecules?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
60 60Which structure is correctly named?

61 61A chemist carried out a cracking reaction on a hydrocarbon, X, and obtained two products, Y
and Z.
The chemist then wrote the following statements in his notebook.
1 A molecule of X has 7 carbon atoms.
2 Y is unsaturated.
3 Z will decolourise bromine water.
Which statements are correct?
A 3 only B 1 and 2 C 1 and 3 D 1, 2 and 3

62 62The table shows the boiling points of four members of the homologous series of alcohols.
compound
boiling point
name formula / °C
methanol CH3OH 65
ethanol C2H5OH 78
propanol C3H7OH X
butanol C4H9OH 117
What is the value of X?
A 55 °C B 82 °C C 98 °C D 115 °C
63 63Which properties of the different compounds in petroleum enable its separation into fractions?
1 boiling point
2 chain length
3 chemical reactivity
4 solubility in water
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

64 64The table shows some fractions that are obtained from petroleum by fractional distillation,
together with some of their uses.
fraction use
refinery gas cooking
gasoline fuel for cars
1 making chemicals
2 jet fuel
3 fuel for ships
bitumen making roads
Which row correctly identifies fractions 1, 2 and 3?
1 2 3
A diesel oil fuel oil lubricating fraction
B fuel oil diesel oil kerosene
C kerosene naphtha diesel oil
D naphtha kerosene fuel oil
65 65Which columns describe the hydrocarbons ethane and ethene?
1 2 3 4
state at room temperature gas gas liquid liquid
reaction with oxygen burns burns burns burns
reaction with aqueous decolourises decolourises

bromine no reaction bromine no reaction bromine
A 1 (ethane) and 2 (ethene)
B 1 (ethane) and 4 (ethene)
C 2 (ethene) and 3 (ethane)
D 3 (ethane) and 4 (ethene)

66 66Bitumenis a substance obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum.

Which row describes its boiling point and the size of its molecules?
boiling point size of molecules
A high large
B high small
C low large
D low small
67 67A
hydrocarbon X is cracked to make Y and hydrogen.
Compound Z is formed by the addition polymerisation of Y.
To which homologous series do X, Y and Z belong?
alkane alkene
A X, Y and Z –
B X and Y Z
C X and Z Y
D Y and Z X
68 68Which row is correct for ethanol?
69 69Ethenereacts with Y to produce ethanol.

ethene + Y → ethanol
What is Y?
A hydrogen
B oxygen
C steam
D yeast

70 70The structure of a compound is shown.
Which functional groups are present in this compound?
71 71Which fraction from the fractional distillation of petroleum does not match its correct use?
fraction use
A fuel oil domestic heating
B kerosene jet fuel
C naphtha making roads
D refinery gas for heating and cooking
72 72PVA is a polymer. The monomer has the structure shown.
To which homologous series does this compound belong?

73 73When a long chain hydrocarbon is cracked, the following products are produced.
1 C3H8
2 C2H4
3 C3H6
4 C2H6
Which products would decolourise bromine water?
A 1 and 4 B 2 and 3 C 2 only D 3 only
74 74The diagram shows apparatus used to separate petroleum into four fractions.
thermometer
petroleum
on rock wool
water
heat
fraction
Which fraction contains the smallest hydrocarbon molecules?
fraction boiling point range / °C
A up to 70
B 70 to 120
C 120 to 170
D over 170

75 75Which equation represents incomplete combustion of ethane?
A C2H6 + O2 → 2CO + 3H2
B C2H6 + 2O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2
C 2C2H6 + 5O2 → 4CO + 6H2O
D 2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O

76 76Ethanol is an important chemical produced by the ……1…… of ……2…… .
Which words correctly complete gaps 1 and 2?
1 2
A combustion ethane
B combustion glucose
C fermentation ethane
D fermentation glucose
77 77The diagram represents the molecule of an organic compound.
key
=
carbon
= oxygen
= hydrogen
What is the name of the compound?
A ethane
B ethanoic acid
C ethanol
D ethene
78 78When glucose is fermented, ethanol is formed together with
A carbon dioxide.
B ethene.
C methane.
D oxygen.

79 79Petroleum is a very important raw material that is separated into more useful products.
Which terms describe petroleum and the method used to separate it?
method used to
petroleum is a separate petroleum
A compound cracking
B compound fractional distillation
C mixture cracking
D mixture fractional distillation
80 80Which pair of compounds are members of the same homologous series?
81 81The table shows the composition of four different types of petroleum (crude oil).
Arabian Heavy Arabian Light Iranian Heavy North Sea

fraction /% /% /% /%
gasoline 18 21 21 23
kerosene 11.5 13 13 15
diesel 18 20 20 24
fuel oil 52.5 46 46 38
Which type of petroleum is best for the motor vehicle industry?
A Arabian Heavy
B Arabian Light
C Iranian Heavy
D North Sea

82 82Compounds containing five carbon atoms in a molecule may have names beginning with
‘pent…’. What is the name of the compound shown?
key
= carbon
= oxygen
= hydrogen
A pentane
B pentanoic acid
C pentanol
D pentene
83 83The diagram shows the structures of three compounds.
Why do these three compounds belong to the same homologous series?

A They all contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
B They all contain the same functional group.
C They are all carbon based molecules.
D They are all flammable liquids.

84 84What is the main constituent of natural gas?
A carbon dioxide
B ethane
C hydrogen
D methane
85 85Which statements about water are correct?
1 Water is treated with chlorine to kill bacteria.
2 Household water may contain salts in solution.
3 Water is used in industry for cooling.
4 Water for household use is filtered to remove soluble impurities.
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2, 3 and 4 D 1, 2, 3 and 4

86 86The diagram shows the structure of a compound.
To which classes of compound does this molecule belong?
alkane alkene alcohol
A no no no
B no yes yes
C yes no yes
D yes yes yes
87 87Which industrial process is shown in the diagram?
waste
gases
petrol
paraffin
diesel
crude lubricating
oil vapour oils
bitumen
A cracking
B fermentation
C fractional distillation
D polymerisation

88 88Which structures show compounds that are members of the same homologous series?
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4
89 89In an oil refinery, crude oil is separated into useful fractions.
The diagram shows some of these fractions.
refinery gases
gasolene
X
pre-heat diesel
400°C Y
Z
What are fractions X, Y and Z?
X Y Z
A fuel oil bitumen paraffin (kerosene)
B fuel oil paraffin (kerosene) bitumen
C paraffin (kerosene) bitumen fuel oil
D paraffin (kerosene) fuel oil bitumen

90 90Which compound in polluted air can damage stonework and kill trees?
A carbon dioxide
B carbon monoxide
C lead compounds
D sulfur dioxide
91 91Which statement about methane is not correct?
A It is a liquid produced by distilling petroleum.
B It is produced as vegetation decomposes.
C It is produced by animals such as cows.
D It is used as a fuel.
92 92To grow roses, a fertiliser containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is needed.
For the best flowers, the fertiliser should contain a high proportion of potassium.
Which fertiliser is best for roses?
proportion by m ss
fertiliser
N P K
A 9 0 25
B 13 13 20
C 29 5 0
D 29 15 5
93 93The diagram shows three types of item.
instruments used
cutlery cooking pan
in hospitals
Which method of rust prevention can be used for all three types of item?
A coating with plastic

B covering with grease
C galvanising
D using stainless steel

Topic 14 – Organic chemistry (Mark Scheme) 30
Scheme)
Topic 14 – Organic chemistry (Mark
53 A
1B 54 C
2C 55 C
3B 56 D
4B 57 A
5C 58 D
6C 59 B
7C 60 C
8B 61 C
9C 62 C
10 C 63 A
11 C 64 D
12 D 65 A
13 B 66 A
14 A 67 C
15 B 68 A
16 C 69 C
17 C 70 C
18 C 71 C
19 D 72 A
20 B 73 B
21 C 74 A
22 B 75 C
23 C 76 D
24 A 77 C
25 B 78 A
26 D 79 D
27 A 80 A
28 A 81 D
29 C 82 C
30 C 83 B
31 A 84 D
32 A 85 A
33 B 86 B
34 A 87 C
35 C 88 B
36 B 89 D
37 A 90 D
38 A 91 A
39 D 92 B
40 A 93 D
41 B
42 B
43 C
44 B
45 D
46 A
47 C
48 B
49 B
50 C
51 D
52 A

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Topic 14 – Organic chemistry 1

Topic 14 – Organic chemistry

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

12 12The diagram shows the separation of petroleum into fractions.

What could X, Y and Z represent?

A diesel oil lubricating fraction paraffin

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

13 13Which of the compounds shown are in the same homologous series?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

ethyl methanoate methyl ethanoate methyl methanoate ethyl ethanoate

A W and X B W and Y C X and Z D Y and Z

15 15The structure of a monomer is shown.

Which polymer can be made from this monomer?

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

17 17Which formula represents a polyester?

18 18Petroleum is an important fossil fuel. Which row correctly describes petroleum?

A compound mainly hydrocarbons

19 19What is an advantage of producing ethanol by fermentation of sugar compared to the catalytic

A The alcohol produced is purer.

20 20Butane reacts as shown.

What is this type of reaction?

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

21 21Substance Z has the following characteristics.

1 It burns in an excess of oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water. 2

22 22Ethanol is manufactured by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene and by fermentation.

A fast the product is impure

23 23The partial structure of addition polymer X is shown.

Which monomer is used to form polymer X?

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

24 24The diagram shows the partial structure of Terylene.

From which pair of compounds is it made?

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

26 26Which row describes the formation of a polymer?

27 27What is not the correct use for the fraction named?

name of fraction use

A fuel oil making waxes

28 28Ethanol can be formed by

Which of these processes uses a catalyst?

29 29By which of the following methods is ethanol formed?

1 fractional distillation of petroleum

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

30 30Which homologous series is not represented in the compounds shown below?

31 31Alkenes are manufactured by cracking hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum.

size of P size of Q effect of Q

A large small decolourises

32 32Which statement about alkane molecules is correct?

A They burn in oxygen.

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

33 33The structures of four organic compounds are shown.

Which statement is not correct?

A Only one of the compounds is an alcohol.

34 34What is not essential for the formation of ethanol by fermentation?

1 It contains a carbon-oxygen double bond.

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

37 37Which type of compound is shown?

38 38Which statement about methane is not correct?

Arabian Heavy Arabian Light Iranian Heavy North Sea

fuel oil 52.5 46 46 38

Which type of petroleum is best for the motor vehicle industry?

©IGCSE Chemistry Paper-2 Classified Questions by Teacher Hakeem Ali 2018/v6

41 41Alkenes are manufactured by cracking hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum.