FIRST TERM

SEVENTHEXAMINATION (SEPT. 2016]

SEMIESTER [B.TECH)
CLOUD COMPUTING [ETIT-4071
Time:1½hrs.
Note: Attemptthree questions including Q.
M.M.:30
no. 1,which is compulsory.
0.1.Write shortnote on following:
ia):Peer to Peer variant of distributed computing.
Ans: Refer Q. no. 1(e) page no. Model paper I End Term Exam.
(6): MANETs.
Ans: Amobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a continuously self-configuring.
infrastructure-]less network of mobile devices connected wirelessly.
Pach devjce in a MANET is free tomove independently in any direction, and will
therefore change its links to other devices frequently. Each must forward traffic
unrelated to its own use, and therefore be a router. The primary challenge in building a
MANET is equipping each device to continuously maintainthe information required to
properly route traffic[1]. Such networks may operate by themselves or may be connected
n the Jarger Internet. They may contain one or multiple and different transceivers
hetween nodes. This results in ahighly dynamic, autonomous topology.
MANETS are akind of Wireless ad hoc network that usually has a routable
networking environment on top of a Link Layer ad hoc network. MANETs consist of a
peer-to-peer, self-forming, self-healing network. MANETS circa 2000-2015 typically
communicate at radio frequencies (30 MHz - 5 GHz).

Cellular
IFIAcoess Backbone Tower
Points

Wireless Ad-Hoc Network

Withthe rapid development of wireless communication technology and the extensive

usage of mobile
and more communication equipment, wireless ad hoc networks are getting more
attention. wireless ad hoc networks are not only used in militarý,
appliedNowadays,
but also been
to civilian application, including homne area networks, mobile
Communication networks, and so on. Wireless ad hoc networks are envisioned to be
 2-2016 Seventh Semester, Cloud Computing
one of the most important parts of future Internet. Howvever. in LP University ( Tech,-Akash Boohs 20 16-,
hoc networks, nodes often belong to different parties who have civilian
always want to maximize thcir own benefits. Such sclfish their own
iadoptntewirerschursoltlaexutsu 2. Private
cloud and hybrid. cloud: Armong the many ineentives for using cloud,
robustness and availability of wireless ad hoc networks. . In ourbehaviour
twa situations where organizations are iooking ifity ways tw
work,, we can
there are
applicationsthey intend to deploy into their environtnent through the usee of acloud
concepts from microeconomics and game theory to studyimportant the
(specifically.a publiccloud). While in the case of test. and developrnent it may te linited
in wireless ad hoc networks, including spectrum allocation and incentive proble time, adopting a hybrid
cloud approach allows for testing application workioads,
is to achieve a series of cooperation-incentive mechanisms withrouting. Our objedt in nrovidingthe coTnfort of an environment without the initial investznent that
high availability,i miht bave been rendered useles8 should the workload testigfail
therefor
cost, and high adaptability, through the following four closely related
theoretic problem modeling, impossibility analyzing, strong incentive |studies: garn Another use of hybrid cloud is also the ability to expand during periods of limited
which is often preferable to hosting alarge infrastructure that oight seldorn
designing, and systematic evaluation methodology developing.
(c) Autonomic computing. mechaniE peakusage,
be of use.
An organization wotuld seek to have the additional capacity and availability of
environment when needed on a pay-as you-gobasis.
an
Ans. Autonomic computing refers to the 4 "'est and development: Probably the best scenario for the use of a cloud is a
self-managing characteristics of distribu
computing resources, adapting to unpredictable .and development environment. This entails securing a budget, settingcornes up your
changes while hiding intri time. Then the
complexity to operators and users. anvironment through physical assets, signifcant manpower and
(d) Grid Computing. this can often extend the tine it
installation and configuration of your platform. Allmilestones.
your
Ans. Grid computing is a takes fora project to be completed and stretch
distributed architecture of large numbers of computer
connected to solve a complex problem. With cloud computing, there are now readily available
environments tailored for
In the grid limited ton, automated
computers run independent tasks and are looselycomputing model, servers or personal vOur needs at your fingertips. This often combines, but is not
networks. Computers may connect directly or via linked bv the Internet orloyuning of physical and virtualizedaspects resoures
offered by leveraging cloud computing is
Most applications for grid computing projects scheduling systems. 4. Big data analytics: One of the
both structured and unstructured data to
projects typically deploy across many have no time dependency, and large the ability to tap into vast quantities of
others use the idle power of countries. and continents. Search programs and harness the benefit of extracting business value.
background for many weeks.computers, also known as cycle-scavenging, running in the Retailers and suppliers are now extracting information derived
from consumers'
patterns to target their advertising and marketing campaigns to a particular
Another likely area for the use of grid buying
population. Social networking platforms are now providing the basis for
applications, wherein intelligent devices computing is pervasive computing segment of thebehavioral patterns that organizations are using to derive meaningful
awareness. pervade our environment without our analytics on
direct information.
Pervasive computing (also called ubiquitous files and accessing,
5. File storage: Cloud can offer you the possibility of storing vour services interfaces
towards embedding computing) is the
information. The wordsmicroprocessors so they can growing trend
in everyday objects and retrieving them from any web-enabled interface. The web
storing
pervasive and ubiquitous mean
computing devices are completely connected and "existing everywhere." communicate are usually simple. At any time and place you have high availability, speed, scalability
Q.2. (a) Write difference constantly available. Pervasive and security for your environment. In this scenario, organizations are only paying for
consuming, and do so without the worries of
computing. between distributed computing and the amount of storage they are actually
Parallel overseeing the daily maintenance of the storage infrastructure.
Ans. Parallelcomputing means that
The term was mostly different activities happen at the same time. There is also the possibility tostore the data either on or off premises depending on
used in scientific
recently simply were not computing is stored in virtualized pools of storage
the regulatory compliance requirements. Data specification
parallel) where it (consumer computers until very hosted by a third party based on the customer requirements.
application over many many typically means: spread out a single from using cloud based
Current big parallel
cores/threads/whatever.
cores/processors/processes
computers have 100 thousand to a million to get it done
parallelbigger/faster.
6. Disaster rccovcry: This is yet another benefit derivedthat provides fora faster
on the cost effectiveness of adisaster recovery (DR) solution
processors recovery from a mesh of different physical locations at a much lower cost
that the
Distributed
distributed systemscomputing
such as
comes from the business world
where you have traditional DR site with fixed assets, rigid procedures and a much higher cost.
and modify the same data airline
at the reservation
same time. systems, where 7. Backup: Backing up data has always been a complex and time-consuming
typically much looser coupled, The machinerymany people access operation. This included maintainingaset of tapes or drives,manually collecting them
involved here is
typically far less synchronized. and the activities in a distributed and dispatching them to a backup facility with all the inherent problems that might
Q.2. (b) Discuss system are happen in between the originating and the backup site. This way of ensuring a backup
various areas of is performed is not immune to problems such as running out of backup media , and
Ans. 1.
Infrastructure asa applications
of cloud computing. there is alsotime to load the backup devices for a restore operation, which talkes time
When it comes to laaS, using service
(14)
(IaaS) and platform as a and is prone to malfunctions and human errors.
an
seems to be an obvious choice for existing service (PaaS)
manage and maintain an 1T
infrastructure pay-per-use
companies saving on the costonofa schene
Q.3. (a) What are features of cloud in cloud compuling ?
Ans: Refer Q. no. 1() page no. 3 Model paperI End Term Exam.
turn to PaaS for the same
on a infrastructure.
There are also investing to acquie
reasons while also seeking to instances where organizatio Q.3. (b) Describe service modcl of cloud in cloud architecture.
ready-to-use platform to deploy increase the speed of developne Ans :Refer Q. no. 2 page no. 5 Model paper I End Term Exam.
applications.
 4-2016 Seventh Senester, Cloud Computing J.P University-(B.Tech.-Akash Books 2016-5
of cloud in cloud
Discuss various deployment model fronthe public cloud. Thisw is terned as cloud bursting and
Q.4.
Ans : Cloud hosting deployment
environment and are mainly
models represent the exact.
distinguished
arcatchiegorytandectur
by the proprietorship, size
of the cloud. Most of the
applicationcAn be accessed
availablo with the hybrid
is Organisationgcan use the
cloud.
hybrid cloud model for processing big data. On a private
data andi can initiate analytical querie8

ganisatiooperacngeNa
tells about the purpose and the nature retain sales, business and various
willing to implement cloud as it reduces the
capital expenditure and
model matches your websiteorcontrols cloud,itcan
overthe
publiccloud as the public
hostingis3enabled with features
cloud is effective to meet the demand spikes. Hybrid
like scalability, flexibility and security. If one is
cost. In order to know
necessary to know the four
which deployment
deployment models.
Public Cloud: is atype of cloud hosting in which the
requirementa
cloud services are
cloud overlook a few challenges like application program interface
readyto
network connectivity issues
and capital
incompatibility,
expenditures,then the hybrid cloud would be

a network which is open for public usage. This model is a true

and infrastructure to
dlivered
representation o N an appropriate
Community
option.
Cloud: is a type of cloud hosting in
which the setup is mutually
particular community, i.e. banks
hosting; in this the service provider renders services various
The customers do not have any distinguishability and control over the location ofahared
clien between many
organisationsthat belong to a
multi-tenant setup that is shared among several organisations
trading firms. It is aI apprehensions. The
infrastructure. From the technical viewpoint, there may be slight or no difference ho and
belong to a specific group which has similar computing security concerns.
and
private and public clouds' structural design except in the level of security oflero at share similar privacy, performance
munity members generally objectives.
is to achieve their business relatedthird party
various services given to the public cloud subseribers by the cloud hosting providers ain intention of these communities can be managed by a
or it
Public cloud is better suited for business requirements which require manaci Ao0mmunitycloud may be internallyormanaged externallyinternally. The cost is shared by the
specific
the load; hast application that is SaaS-based and manage applications that ma rmvider. It can be hosted community cloud has cost saving capacity.
users consume. Due to the decreased capital overheads and operational cost this mo. nganisations within the community, hence, that work on joint
is economical. The dealer may provide the service free or in the form of the license pai ACommunity cloud is appropriate for organisations and businesses
cloud computing ability for
that needs a centralised
like pay per user. The cost is shared by all the users, so public cloud profits the custome ventures, tenders or research projects.
more by achieving economies of scale. Public cloud facilities may be availed free ane managing, building and implementing similar potential. To be the
hosting has a lot of
of a public cloud is Google. Organisations have understood that cloud of cloud hosting is needed. 1hus, you
oomnst,ng the rest, selection of the right type
vate Cloud is also known as internal cloud: the platform for oloud f n d to lknow vour business and analyze the demands. Once tne appropriaePo
easily, you
ehed on a Cloud-based secure environment that is safeuarded hy a your business related goals more business
which is under the governance of the IT department that belongs to the particula cloud hosting isselected, you can achieve those strategic steps that will help your
take
corporate. Private cloud as it permits only the authorized users, gives the organisatio can channelize all your efforts to
greater and direct control over their data. What exactly constitutes aprivate cloud? It to succeed.
difficult to define because when it's classified according to the services there ar
significant variations. Whether the physical computers are hosted internally o
externally they provide the resources from a distinct pool to the private cloud
Businesses that have dynamic or unforeseen needs, assignments which are services missio
critical, security alarms, management demands and uptime requirements are bette
suited to adopt private cloud. Obstacles with regards to security can be evaded in
private cloud, but in case of natural disaster and internal data theft the private cloud
may be prone to vulnerabilities.
Hybrid Cloud: is a type of cloud còmputing, which is integrated. It can be ar
arrangement of two or more cloud servers, i.e. private, public or community cloud thati
bound together but remain individual entities. Benefits of the
models are available in a hybrid cloud hosting. Ahybrid cloud canmultiple deploymen
cross isolation and
overcome boundaries by the provider; hence, it cannot be simply categorized into pubic
private or community cloud. It permits the user to increase the
by aggregation, assimilation ot customization with another capacity or the capabilit
a hybrid cloud, the resources are managed and cloud package/service. Ii
provided either in-house or by externa
providers. It is an adaptation among two platformns which
between the private cloud and the public cloud as per the needthe workload exchanged
and demand.
Resources that are
in the publiccloud that non-critical
like development and test
belongs to a third-party provider. Whileworkloads can be house
the workloads that ar
critical or sensitive must be housed internally. Consider an e-commerce website, whi
ishosted on a private cloud that gives
security and scalability, since security is not:
prime concern for their brochure site it is hosted on a public cloud which is more econom
ascompared to a private cloud. Businesses that
for their unique presence can implement hybridhave more focus on security and dems
When facing demand spikes the cloud as an eflective business straa
additional resources that are required by a parac
 FIRSTTERM EXAMINATION [SEPT. 2017]
hat SEVENTH SSEMESTER [B.TECH]
CLOUD COMPUTING [ETIT-407]
e:1.5hrs. M.M.:30
4temptanythree questions including Q.No. I which is compulsory.
following:.
oL Write short note on the
Define federated cloud.
.1.(a)
eThe United States government cloud computing plan, officially called the
Feeral
Gtoud Computing Initiative, is.a plan to transition the US federal government's
cationtechnology infrastructure to web-based IT services. Launched in September
c2009bythe Obama administration, the initiative seeks to identify common services
cons amongst the government's agencies and adopt a cloud computing business
them.
Codel to support
0.1. (6)Mention the characterstics of PaaS solution.
Ans. The Essential Characteristics of PaaS:
Runtime Framework: This is the "software stack" aspect of PaaS, and perhaps
the aspect that comes first to mind for mnost people. The PaaS runtime framework
eIeCutes end-user code according to policies set by the application owner and cloud
pruvider. PaaS runtime frameworks come in many flavors, some based on traditional
epplication runtimes,others based on 4GL and visual programming concepts, and some
ith pluggable support for multiple application runtimes.
Abstraction: Platform-oriented cloud platforms are distinguished by the higher
evel of abstraction they provide. With laaS, the focus is on delivering to users "raw"
eccess to physical or virtual infrastructure. In contrast, with PaaS, the focus is on the
applications that the cloud must support. Whereas an laaS cloud gives the usera bunch
components must
cf virtual machines that must be configured and to which applicationapplications into a
be deploved, aPaaS cloud provides the user away to deploy her
Seemingly limitless pool of computing resources, eliminating the complexity of
deployment and infrastructure configuration.
Automation: APaaS environment is abit like a swan on a pond graceful and
The
elegant above the water, and paddling its little legs off below the water.
aforementioned abstraction provides the elegant user experience "above the water," while
igh levels of automation provide the "paddling beneath the surface. PaaS environments
application
automate the process of deploying applications toinfrastructure, configuring
balancers and
Components,provisioning and configuring supporting technology like load
databases, and managing system change based on policies set by the user.
While IaaS is known for its ability to shift capital costs to operational costs through
outsourcing, onlv PaaS is able to slash costs across the development, deployment and
hanagement aspects of the application lifecycle.
services
Cloud Services: PaaS offerings provide developers and architects withavailable
and APIs that help simplify the job of delivering elastically scalable, highly
of capabilities, and in
Cioud applications. These cloud services provide a wide variety offerings.
PaaS
iany instances are key differentiators among competing
Exarnples of cloud services include services and APÍs for distributed caching, queuing
es8aging, workload management, file and data storage, user identity, analytics,
d more. By providing built-in cloud services, plattorm offerings eliminate the need to
Inany disparate components
and decrease time-to-market for applications on
iegrate
the platform.
 2-2017
Seventh Semester, Cloud Computing
Q.1. (c) How does cloud computing help to reducn LP. University-{B.Tech.}-Akash Books
capital expenses ? the time
applications and to cut down
development and
computing
zprovidere keep their
yourITinfrastructure needs. Datasystems upgraded
to ensure
2017-3
Ans. The world of IT infrastructure meet
Cloud security is constantly upgruded and
that they
growing. As a central and integral part of IT infrastructure
computing has altered the way businesses view data storage and
The adoption of cloud computing is not limited to just large.
madmaevneanlgoagepemmneeennnttt,, e
improved,
ospeciall
and as a
result more
because of the
businesses are agreeable to using cloud services. This in
impact cloud computing haa on the reduction of capital
conducted in 2011 by the Aberdeen Group found that up to 38% of corsmall
porationg, espenditure.
4.1.(ad) What kind of,needs is addressed by Hetrogeneous cloud?
of mid-sized companies and 26% of large companies all adopted
One reason or another.
As for the reasons why these companies chose to adopt cloud
businesian,g
cloud conput Ans. Heterogeneityin cloud cornputing can be considered in at least two ways. The
i sin
the context of aulti-clouds, in which platforms that offer and manage
inlrastructure
hrst and services of multiple cloud providers are
them said that they use the cloud as a way to reduce 1T costs with an
utilizingthe cloud because of the increased complexity of 1T: This means computaddiintig.onal
thatth e
infrastructurelevel, in which
heterogeneougcloud. Heterogeneity arises from using
btAo m multiple vendor8. The second is related to low-level heterogeneity software suites
at the
different types of processors are combined to offer VMa
considered to be a
hypervisors and
a solution that was effective, saved time and lowered their IT costs.
Keep in mind that this is a fairly old study and as cloud computing ,Ontin, h heterogeneous compute resources. In thís paper, the latter is referred to as
grow these numbers may change. The only constant is that business will cCont heterogeneous clouds. While supercomputers have become more heterogeneous by
Tedemploying accelerator8. such as NVIDIA GPUsor Intel Xeon Phis, cloud data
want to lower costs. The following cloud computing features can help significantlv centers
IT costs. mostlyemploy homogerneous architectures. More recently heterogeneous cloud data
architectures have been proposed15 . In the vendor arena, Amazon along with
Cloud Computing Is Flexible center offer GPU-based VMs, but accelerators are not yet fully integrated into
With the cloud, your company's data is accessible anywhere and from any other
providers
devie computing ecosystem. This3is becauge it is not yet possible for a prograrnmer to fully
long as your employees can access the internet, they can work from home, on
even on their smartphones. Various departments in your the roa the developandlexecute code oblivious to the underlying hardware. There are a number of
on a single project without actually having to be organization can collabo effortsinthis direction, but the key challenge is achieving a high-level abstraction that
physically together! employed. across multiplee architectures, such as GPUs, FPGAs and Phis. Further
For example, a company's employees can utilize the can be that already execute on the cloud cannot be scheduled onto heterogeneous
locations around the world. All the data they use and cloud isto work from vario resources. applicationEfforts in this direction are made by the CloudLightning16 project. The concept
within the cloud for later assessment or transmit tracked and Stor
The cloud's flexibility improves
review. eterogeneous cloud may extend beyond the data center. For example, ad hoc clouds
or microclouds could be heterogeneous cloud platforms.
a efficiency and
efficient company's staff is, the more productive they can responsiveness. The mo 0r Current cloud infrastructures are mostly homogeneous composed of alarge number
the amount of time it takes to be. In the long run, you redu
project comes down. complete a project.
Consequently, overall cost of t ofmachines ofthe
the same type - centrally managed and made available to the end user
using the three standard service models:
Easy to Setup and Manage
"Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Setting up a cloud is easier and cheaper than if "Platform as a Service (PaaS)
data solution. You won't need to you were to use an on-premi
purchase any expensive software or hardware
your system up and running. The cloud to g Software as a Service (SaaS)
already done that for you. computing provider you choose to use will ha As clouds increase in size and as machines of different types are added to the
infrastructure in order to maximize performance and power eficiency, heterogeneous
spendnd if you built
if you yorown
built your oRYoud providerisThis
IT infrastructure. averyis also
smallonraction of what you wou coude are being created. The heterogenous cloud is stillat anascent stage, howeve,
top of the fact thattyo larger cloud infrastructure providers are offering commercial services e.g., Amazon Web
e0 spena more on maintenance
will do for free or at a small fee. and repairs, something most cloud n r o s e roiety of CPU services. As demand for better processor, price ana powe
need
So, cloud computing reduces the performance increases, it is anticipated that larger infrastructure providers will
storage and management system. Also,initial cost of setting up a reliable dat1 to cater for several of these processor types and specifically for the emerging HPCpublic
you won't need any IT specialists to devel
and manage the data center, cloud market.
further reducing costs. architectures independently and
You Won't Need to Pay for However, integrating and managing these different
Increased Storage an existing general purpose cloud architecture is not without challenges; not least
Most cloud Wth The adoption
unlimited storagesolutions
space.
will offer you extensive
This is a great advantage to man" storage capabilities witl of which is access toresources
heterogeneous
a pool of qualified engineers with deep ITknowledge.
will dramatically increase the complexity of an already
had to purchase external businesses that previousy complex
ot self-management as powerful
current storage space. Withstorage
cloud
disk space every time their data needs surpassed thei cloud lecosystem. We present self-organisation and
you can increase your cloud with computing,
it.
if your storage space
needs increase techniques for addressing this complexity.
by cloud consumers will also
The adoption of heterogeneous computing resources use. Market demand for
Compared to
The ability of the having to buy new storagedevices, you
savea improved resource efficiency and hence reduced energy
with both demand
cloud to lot of money in the clout uow 1Or
management at the PaaS and IaaS layers combined
that is friendly to both yourscale to correspond with your
data needs and data needs is one advantag 8reater resource heterogenous resources is rapidly increasing complexity of the cloud
your pocket! adoption ofand traditional cloud management techniques
cOsystem which over time willrender
ineffectual.
 Q.2. (a) Write Seventh Semester, Cloud
computing.
Ans.
Computing
difference between distributed
The term Parallel
LP.University-[B.Tech.}-Akash Books

application
was comput
recently simplymostly
over
usedinginmeans that
were not scientific diferent
Current big parallelmany many parallel) comput in activities
g (consumer atttne
where it typically
cshappen
omputing
and instanceora
Applicationservers,
a single
2017-5
combination of many such as operating systems, Network or
computing environments, storage devices and other such

thsystems whatever.computing comescores/procthousand

reads/Distributed computers have 100 es ors/proces es comdoneputRIB
means:
to a to get it8pread
milion a
same egvironments.
the benefits virtualization
Whileitcomes to
of are self-evident, many people are still in the
the many different types of virtualization. Here, well show yoOu
parallel big erta dark
when common virtualization methods and why they're valuable for your
same data such airline
at
as
samereservation
the
from business the
world
time. systems, where many people
coupled, and the activities The
machinery involved
where you have proces or o fthe most
8ome f
business.
Application Virtualization:the Thisis aprocess where applications get virtualized
Q.2. (6)What are in a distributed system are here is access and m delivered from a server to end user's device, such as laptops, smartphones,
Ans. the different
Adistributed is a variants of typically far)less much lo typically andare
I
and
tablets. So instead of logging
accesstothe application
from
into their computers at work, users will be able to
virtually anywhere, provided an Internet connection
with each other in system
independent order to achievenetwork of
a goal. autonomous
distributed computing)synchronig gain
available.This type off virtualization is particularly popular for businesses that require
and do not
each other using The computers
in a that
is of their applications on the go.,
over network. messages, pieces of memory computers
physically use
a
computers Messages
share or distributed
procesSors.
can information transferred from "They
commursystecmiatc ae
communi
the
Desktop Virtualization: Similarto Application Virtualization mentioned above,
desktop virtualization separates the
desktop environment from the physical device and
packets of data, or sendprocedurescommuni cate things: computers
to execute one as virtual desktop infrastructure" (VDI). The major advantages of desktop
a many
with particular computer
can
to ano configured
tualization is that users are able to access all their personal files and applications
Computers in a signals that tell other arguments, they can send and re t tell
and on any PC, meaning they can work from anywhere without the
depends the goal distributed
on of the system computers to behave a certain way
can have
Enm any location
ood to bring their work computer. It also lowers the cost of licensing for installing
properties.
system. TheThere are system and the different
s own roles. A
computer' s software on desktops and maintenance and patch management is very simple, since all
first is thetwo predominant ways computer'
of hardware and softwa of the virtual desktops are hosted at the same location.
architecture.of client-server organizing computers
architecture, and the second is the peer-to-pe
in a
distribute by a virtual machine
virtualization
Hardware Virtualization: This is perhaps the most common type ofmanager (VM)
Types distributed today. Hardware virtualization is made possible
versions ofcomputers and operating
1. system called the "hypervisor". The hypervisor creates virtual
that, inDistributed
its most computing system:
physical server, so that all the hardware
systems and consolidates them into one large enables users to run different operating
problem. Distributed computing is acomputing concep
In general sense, refers to multiple resources can be utilized more efficiently. It also
each part is distributed a single computer systems working
time.
systems on the same machine at the same
computing,
they can solved by different computers. Asproblem is divided into on a singa Network Virtualization: Network virtualization is a method that combines all
many
the computers are parts, and process of dividing
computerscommunicate with long as resource. It is the
physical networking equipment into a single each of which can be assigned to servers
perform like a singleeach other to solve the problem.
The ultimate goal of entity. If networke
done properly, th
channels,
bandwidth into multiple, independentthat would benefit from network virtualization
are
and devices in real time. Businesses running
connecting users and IT distributed
resources in a computing is to maximize ones that have a large number of users
and need to keep their systems up andincrease
channels, your network speed will
It also
of the
ensures fault tolerance and cost-effective, transparent performance b
enables resource accessibility inandthereliable manne: at all times. With the distributedservices and applications faster than ever before.
deliver
components
2. Distributed
fails. event that one dramatically, allowing you to
virtualization is very easy and cost-effective
Storage Virtualization: This type of physical hard drives into a single cluster.
distributed over information system: A set of
sites, which are connectedinformation
compiling your
to implement, since it involves when it comes to planning for disaster recovery, since
network. Asystemmultiple
where, applications (cooperative with some kindsystems physicaly
of oommunicatin Storage virtualization is handy storage can be replicated and transferred to another
the data stored on your virtual
elaborative nodes and the information property, among one another) stay on diflerer: location. By consolidating your storage into a centralized system, you can eliminate
the
elaborative nodes. unique, is hosted on differes hassles and costs of managing multiple storage devices.
3. be a complex and confusing process.
Distributed pervasive system.
These system includes
Integrating virtualization into your business can done right. If you're looking for
of experts to get the job
Ideally you will en'ist the help solutions, why not get in touch with one. our
1. Mobile and top-quality and reliable virtualization experience a quick and painless
embedded system
2. Homne systems professionals today. Well make your virtualization
issues in virtualization of cloud
3. Sensor networks Q4. Mention the management
Ans. Management issues are -
Q.3. List and discuss different types of 1. reliability
virtualization.
Ans- Virtualization is the process of creating a virtual environment on an eist 2. availability of services and
data
server to run your desired program, without interfering 3. security
pruvided by the server or host platform to other users. Thewith any of the other serr
Virtual enviroment ca complexity
5. costs
 Computing
Seventh Semester, Cloud
6-2017
issues
and legal
6. regulations
7. performance
8.migration
9. reversion
standards
10. the lack of
11. limited customization
architecture and
privacy computer
12. issues of
the basic block
diagram of alsg
Q. 5. Draw
components and
explain it.
Ans. Cloud computing
architecture
computing.
refers to the
components typically consist
These
ofa front end subcomponenty
platform
ch
required for cloud platforms (servers, storage).a
device), back end
(fat client, thin client, mobile
network (Internet, Intranet, Intercloud). Combined. these
based delivery, and a computing architecture.
components make up cloud

Client Infrastructure Front End

Internet

Application
Management
Security
Service
Back End

CloudRuntime

Storage

Infrastructure

Front End: The front end refers to

consists of interfaces and the client part of cloud
platforms, Example - Webapplications that are required to accesscomputing system.
the cloud computins
Browser.
Back End: The back End refers to
required to provide cloud computing the cloud itself. It consists of all the
services. It comprises of huge data
machines, security mechanism, services, resouro
deployment models, storage, viru
servers, etc
 2018]
FIRST TERM EXAMINATION [SEP.
SEVENTH SEMESTER (B.TECH]
CLOUD COMPUTING [ETIT-407]
M.M. :30
Tine:1 hrs,
questionsincluding Q. no. 1 which is compulsory.
Vate: Attempt any three (2.5)
Hypervisor in Cloud Computing and itstypes?
Q.1. (a) What is machine monitor (VMM) that manages
resources
Ans. The hypervisor is a virtual suggested as it is a supervisory toolfor
the
The name hypervisor is
for virtual machines. two types of hypervis0rs:
Fistual machines. There are mainly e.g Xen, Hyper-V, Vm Ware
the host hardware,
Type-1: the guest Vm runsdirectly over
ESXi a host OS, e.g Kvm,
Oracle
over hardware through
Type-2: the guest Vm runs
virtualbox (2.5)
main features of cloud services?
Q. 1. (b) What are as follows:
Some important features of the cloud service are given
Ans. software.
Accessing and managing the commercial Web environment.
of management of software in the
Centralizing the activities
managing several clients.
Developing applications that are capable of
the updating feature of software that eliminates the need of
Centralizing
downloading the upgrades. (5)
Explain hybrid and community cloud.
Q. 1. (c) providers. This model integrates
hybridcloud consists of multiple service
Ans.The hosting. It is basically a combination of
private
various cloud services for Hybrid Web
requirements
the company when a company has
and public cloud features. It is used byConsider wants
an example when an organization
for both the private and publicclouds.
implement the SaaS (Software as a Service) application throughout the company.
to cloud used
implementation requires security that can be provided by the privaterequirement.
The can be provided by the VPN on
inside the firewall. The additional security private and public cloud features. The
the
Now, the organization has both
such as privacy and security. This model,
communitycloud provides a number of benefits,organizations
is used when the having common goals and
which is quite expensive,
cloud service.
requirements are ready to share the benefits of the
between elasticity and scalability
Q2.(a) Mention what isthe ifference (4)
in cloud computing?
computing which is used tohandle
Scalability isa typical characteristic ofcloud amount of resource capacity. By the
the escalating workload by e8calating in proportion
resources on requirement BAis resources as
use of scalability, the architecture provides
the traffic. On the other hand,
and when the requirement is being raised by
concept of commissioning and
Elasticity is a characteristic that provides for the
decommissioning of thehuge amount of resource coming capacity dynamically. It is usually
speed by which the resources are on demand and theusage of
measured by the
those resources. (6)
infrastructure?
Q.2. (b)what is virtual desktop
(Dec. 2018)
Ans. Refer Q. 5.(a) End term Examination
 LP University {B.Tach-Akash Bonks 2018-3
2-2018 Neventh Someeter, (oud Computing
43. Explain the role of Map nnd Reduece phase in hadoop.
f
Ans. Actually Map-reduce is a programming model for en Hadoop framework Map tettettog nd sartin(ne y erer)
reduce is not nfranework It is programmingt model for fast data prveeening It ean dea
with structured, ungtuctured, semi structured data.
Now, what is Mapper andwhat is Reducer So,
Mont of
Mapper Mapper is a firet phase to solve yout problem. the tine
programmer writes 604 to 70 of the logic on Mapper phase only. In this phase alt
computantion, processing nnd distribution of data takes place. Bo this is very very
nportant on the point of designing Btrategy to deal with the problem, In this
phase
programmerwrites its logic that will deal with the data. Mapper phase worka on cont
of parallel processing (Hadoop uses divide and conquer approach to 8olve the problemi
for fast execution.
(ortod a alkated deta)
Ifltalk more logically then,Mapper in not afirst step to solve your problem, Input
Split is first step but programmers don't write logic/code for this it is already defined
Hadoop framework. Then Record Render comes, that takes input from Input Split and
break your problerm to more narrow and pass it to Mapper (so ideally Mapper is the Jrcerd uriter ca 1te y eote t te
third phase of Hadoop framework)

inputf1le file 2eMB

|DN1 | DN3 |DNS |DN7

la.text |b.text |c.text ld.text and finally see whole process with combine and Hash partitioner

input split(IS) inputsplit inputsplit inputsplit igt l i t

recerd reoder

recordreeder recordreoder recordreader recordreader

cobner(uini reducer)

napper mapper mapper napper

ashperttioner (to locate peritcuur sting at perticular place)
Roducer:- Reducer isthe next phase to completeyour rest of the
phase todesign/solve your problem. Bo whatever your final logic is80% logic. It is last
write on Reducer
phase.
There are two sub parts thut internally works before your code give ita final rosult, reducer
that are shuffle and sort. Shuflle just to collect wimilar type of works into
and Sort for sorting data into some order. kingle unit Q.4. What are the worklowchanges with the use of cloudcomputing?
(10)
 Cloud Computing
Seventh Semester,
4-2018
can now compete on an even keel with
sized businesses crushed the barriersthat were once
Ans. Small and medium has
cloud computing Licensingcosts have tumbled,
the big guns, thanks to the way workflows were required.
typical when eventhe simplest clumsy UI is fast becoming a thing of the
dissipated,
infrastructure headaches have customization can be completed by people with only
configuration and
past, and some
basic IT expertise. with cloud-based software often fo
tothe big endof town,
The benefits also extend workflows and changing existing ones has become
easier to implement. Rolling out new adoption can be hasterned due t
applications. Additionally, user internet-enabled device
faster in cloud-based accessibility from any
optimisation for mobility devices and reliance on organisational IT
teams. T%
less
Cloud-based computing means executives
for and business owners to implement
becoming increasingly common solutions without the involvement of IT.
integrated cloud-based workflow power of worktlow toolsto
breed of users to leverage the
This is enablinga new steps and:
automate complex series of business process
Solve existing business challenges
Improve productivity
Improve compliance
business.
" Reduce the non-value adding activities in their
owners their
Best of all, cloud-based workflow apps like WorkflowMax save business
'stuff, more time
most precious resource - time. Less time thinking about the process mobile devices
thinking about revenue generating goodness. And data integration across
such as phone and tablets has enabled business owners to seemingly be in two places at
onetime.
common business processes in technology and consulting organizations have been
revolutionised, simpliñed and drastically improved thanks to cloud. Take expense
management. Expense cdaims can be routed through approval channels and finance teams
for processing. However, cloud-based workflow apps like WorkflowMax can incorporate
certain business rules and standards, so if the expense claim fails to meet one of those
rules it can be auto-rejected, prompting the claimant to fix the issue and resubmit. These
types of workflows save significant time and drivea high level of compliance and visibility
The cloud has also enabled many businesses to become more global in their reach
and customer base thanks to improved opportunities to connect with, and service, a
worldwide customer base.This is particularly the case for many software companies
that have transitioned key functions to cloud-based apps that drive workflows. Typical
areas that are prime for workflow automation include technical support requests and
access to training and knowledge base information,