F2L Algorithms (First 2 Layers)

Developed by Feliks Zemdegs

and Andy Klise

Images sourced from C onrad Rider's VisualCube - http://cube.crider.co.uk/visualcube.php

Algorithm Presentation Format

S uggested algorithm here
Alternative algorithms here
Set up F2L pair // Solve F2L pair
It is not recommended to learn any of these
algorithms before learning intuitive F2L.
The black part of each algorithm sets up the pieces to
a basic insertion case, which is then written in blue.

Basic Inserts
y' U' (R' U R)
U (R U' R')
y U' (L' U L)

y' (R' U' R)

(R U R')
y (L' U' L)

F2L Case 1
U' (R U' R' U) y' (R' U' R)
U' (R U R' U) (R U R')
y' U (R' U' R U') (R' U' R)

R' U2' R2 U R2' U R

U' (R U2' R' U) y' (R' U' R)
y' U (R' U2 R) U' y (R U R')
U' (R U2' R') d (R' U' R)
(R U' R' U) (R U' R') U2 (R U' R')

y' U (R' U R U') (R' U' R) U' (R U' R' U) (R U R')

F2L Case 2
y' (U R' U' R) U2' (R' U R)
(U' R U R') U2 (R U' R') d (R' U' R) U2' (R' U R)
Note – (y' U) and (d) are interchangeable

y' U (R' U2 R) U2' (R' U R)

U' (R U2' R') U2 (R U' R')
d (R' U2 R) U2' (R' U R)

F2L Case 3

U (R U2 R') U (R U' R') y' U' (R' U2 R) U' (R' U R)

y' U2 (R' U' R) U' (R' U R)

U2 (R U R' U) (R U' R') F' L' U2 L F
(R U' R') U2 (R U R') Note – The second algorithm is fewer moves,
but less intuitive and less finger-friendly.
Incorrectly Connected Pieces

y' (R' U R) U2' y (R U R') (R U' R' U2) y' (R' U' R)
(R U R') U2 (R U' R' U) (R U' R') U F (R U R' U') F' (U R U' R')

(R U2 R') U' (R U R') y' (R' U2 R) U (R' U' R)

U (R U' R' U') (R U' R' U) (R U' R') y' U' (R' U R U) (R' U R U') (R' U R)
(R U R' U2') (R U R' U') (R U R') F (U R U' R') F' (R U' R')

Corner in Place, Edge in U Face

U' F' (R U R' U') R' F R U (R U' R') U' (F' U F)
R' F' R U (R U' R') F U (R U' R') (F R' F' R)

(R U' R' U) (R U' R') y' (R' U R U') (R' U R)

y' (R' U' R U) (R' U' R)

(R U R' U') (R U R')
(R' F R F') U (R U' R')

Edge in Place, Corner in U face

(R U' R' U) y' (R' U R) (U R U' R') (U R U' R') (U R U' R')
U' (R' F R F') (R U' R')

(U' R U' R') U2 (R U' R') U (R U R') U2 (R U R')

(U' R U R') U y' (R' U' R) U (F' U' F) U' (R U R')

Edge and Corner in Place

Solved Pair (R U' R') d (R' U2 R) U2' (R' U R)

(R U' R' U') R U R' U2 (R U' R') (R U' R' U) (R U2' R') U (R U' R')
(R U R' U') R U2 R' U' (R U R') (R U R') U2' (R U' R' U) (R U R')

(F' U F) U2 (R U R' U) (R U' R') (R U R' U') (R U' R') U2 y' (R' U' R)
(R U' R') F (R U R' U') F' (R U' R')
 Notation

R R' R2 r r' x y

U U' U2 u u' z M

F F' L L' B B' D D'

 OLL Algorithms (Orientation of Last Layer)
Developed by Feliks Zemdegs
and Andy Klise

Algorithm Presentation Format

Round brackets are used to segment algorithms to

Suggested algorithm here assist memorisation and group move triggers.
Alternative algorithms here
OLL Case Name - Probability = 1/x It is recommended to learn the algorithms in the
order presented.

All Edges Oriented Correctly

R U2 R' U' R U' R' R U R' U R U2' R'

y' R' U' R U' R' U2 R y' R' U2' R U R' U R
OCLL6 - 26 - Probability = 1/54 OCLL7 - 27 - Probability = 1/54

(R U2 R') (U' R U R') (U' R U' R')

R U2' R2' U' R2 U' R2' U2' R
y (R U R' U) (R U' R' U) (R U2' R')
OCLL2 - 22 - Probability = 1/54
OCLL1 - 21 - Probability = 1/108

(r U R' U') (r' F R F') y F' (r U R' U') r' F R

y (R U R D) (R' U' R D') R2' x (R' U R) D' (R' U' R) D x'
OCLL4 - 24 - Probability = 1/54 OCLL5 - 25 - Probability = 1/54

R2 D (R' U2 R) D' (R' U2 R')

y2 R2' D' (R U2 R') D (R U2 R)
OCLL3 - 23 - Probability = 1/54

T-Shapes

(R U R' U') (R' F R F') F (R U R' U') F'

T1 - 33 - Probability = 1/54 T2 - 45 - Probability = 1/54
Squares

(r' U2' R U R' U r) (r U2 R' U' R U' r')

S1 - 5 - Probability = 1/54 S2 - 6 - Probability = 1/54

C-Shapes

(R U R2' U') (R' F R U) R U' F' R' U' (R' F R F') U R

C1 - 34 - Probability = 1/54 C2 - 46 - Probability = 1/54

W-Shapes

(R' U' R U') (R' U R U) l U' R' U x

(R U R' U) (R U' R' U') (R' F R F')
y2 (R U R' F') (R U R' U') (R' F R U') (R' F R F')
W2 - 38 - Probability = 1/54
W1 - 36 - Probability = 1/54

Corners Correct, Edges Flipped

(r U R' U') M (U R U' R') (R U R' U') M' (U R U' r')

E1 - 28 - Probability = 1/54 E2 - 57 - Probability = 1/108

P-Shapes

R U B' (U' R' U) (R B R')

(R' U' F) (U R U' R') F' R
S (R U R' U') (R' F R f')
P1 - 31 - Probability = 1/54
P2 - 32 - Probability = 1/54

y R' U' F' U F R f (R U R' U') f'

f' (L' U' L U) f y2 F (U R U' R') F'
P3 - 43 - Probability = 1/54 P4 - 44 - Probability = 1/54
I-Shapes

f (R U R' U') (R U R' U') f'

r' U' r (U' R' U R) (U' R' U R) r' U r
y2 F (U R U' R') (U R U' R') F'
I4 - 56 - Probability = 1/108
I1 - 51 - Probability = 1/54

(R' U' R U' R' U) y' (R' U R) B

y (R' F R U) (R U' R2' F') R2 U' R' (U R U R')
(R U R' U R U') y (R U' R') F'
I3 - 55 - Probability = 1/108
I2 - 52 - Probability = 1/54

Fish Shapes

(R U R' U') R' F (R2 U R' U') F' (R U R' U) (R' F R F') (R U2' R')
(R' U' R) y r U' r' U r U r' (R U R') y (R' F R U') (R' F' R)
F1 - 9 - Probability = 1/54 F2 - 10 - Probability = 1/54

(R U2') (R2' F R F') (R U2' R') F (R U' R' U') (R U R' F')
F3 - 35 - Probability = 1/54 F4 - 37 - Probability = 1/54

Knight Move Shapes

(r U' r') (U' r U r') y' (R' U R)

(R' F R) (U R' F' R) (F U' F')
F U R U' R2' F' R U (R U' R')
K2 - 14 - Probability = 1/54
K1 - 13 - Probability = 1/54

(r U r') (R U R' U') (r U' r') (r' U' r) (R' U' R U) (r' U r)
K4 - 16 - Probability = 1/54 K3 - 15 - Probability = 1/54

Awkward Shapes

y (R U R' U') (R U' R') (F' U' F) (R U R') y' F U (R U2 R' U') (R U2 R' U') F'
M U (R U R' U')(R' F R F') M' y' (F R' F) (R2 U' R' U') (R U R') F2
A1 - 29 - Probability = 1/54 A2 - 30 - Probability = 1/54

(R' U' R U' R' U2 R) F (R U R' U') F'

(R U R' U R U2' R') F (R U R' U') F'
y (R' F R F') (R' F R F') (R U R' U') (R U R')
A3 - 41 - Probability = 1/54
A4 - 42 - Probability = 1/54
L-Shapes

F' (L' U' L U) (L' U' L U) F

F (R U R' U') (R U R' U') F'
R' U' (R' F R F') (R' F R F') U R
L2 - 48 - Probability = 1/54
L1 - 47 - Probability = 1/54

r' U r2 U' r2' U' r2 U r'

r U' r2' U r2 U r2' U' r
y' (R U2 R' U' R U' R') F (R U R' U') F'
L3 - 49 - Probability = 1/54
L4 - 50 - Probability = 1/54

(r' U' R U') (R' U R U') R' U2 r (r U R' U) (R U' R' U) R U2' r'
y r' U2' R (U R' U' R) (U R' U r) y' (r U2 R' U') (R U R' U') R U' r'
L5 - 53 - Probability = 1/54 L6 - 54 - Probability = 1/54

Lightning Bolts

(r' U' R U' R' U2 r)

(r U R' U R U2' r')
y2 l' U' L U' L' U2 l
B1 - 7 - Probability = 1/54
B2 - 8 - Probability = 1/54

r' (R2 U R' U R U2 R') U M' M' (R' U' R U' R' U2 R) U' M
y F (R U R' U') F' U F (R U R' U') F'
B3 - 11 - Probability = 1/54
B4 - 12 - Probability = 1/54

(L F') (L' U' L U) F U' L'

(R' F) (R U R' U') F' U R
F (R U R' U') F' (R' U' R U' R' U2 R)
B6 - 40 - Probability = 1/54
B5 - 39 - Probability = 1/54

No Edges Flipped Correctly

F (R U R' U') F' f (R U R' U') f'

(R U2') (R2' F R F') U2' (R' F R F')
y (r U r') U2 R U2' R' U2 (r U' r')
O1 - 1 - Probability = 1/108
O2 - 2 - Probability = 1/54

f (R U R' U') f' U' F (R U R' U') F' f (R U R' U') f' U F (R U R' U') F'
O3 - 3 - Probability = 1/54 O4 - 4 - Probability = 1/54

y R U2' (R2' F R F') U2' M' (U R U' r') M U (R U R' U') M' (R' F R F')
(r U R' U R U2 r') (r' U' R U' R' U2 r)
O7 - 19 - Probability = 1/54
O6 - 18 - Probability = 1/54

M U (R U R' U') M2' (U R U' r')

(R U R' U) (R' F R F') U2' (R' F R F')
(r U R' U') M2' (U R U' R') U' M'
O5 - 17 - Probability = 1/54
O8 - 20 - Probability = 1/216
 PLL Algorithms (Permutation of Last Layer)
Developed by Feliks Zemdegs
and Andy Klise

Algorithm Presentation Format

Round brackets are used to segment algorithms to

Suggested algorithm here assist memorisation and group move triggers.
Alternative algorithms here
Moves in square brackets at the end of algorithms
PLL Case Name - Probability = 1/x
denote a U face adjustment necessary to complete
the cube from the states specified.

It is recommended to learn the algorithms in the

order presented.

Permutations of Edges Only

R2 U (R U R' U') R' U' (R' U R') (R U' R U) R U (R U' R' U') R2
y2 (R' U R' U') R' U' (R' U R U) R2' y2 (R U R' U) (R' U' R2 U') R' U R' U R [U2]
y2 (R2 U' R' U') R U R U (R U' R)
Ub - Probability = 1/18 Ua - Probability = 1/18

(M2' U M2' U) (M' U2) (M2' U2 M') [U2]

(M2' U M2') U2 (M2' U M2')
y' M' U (M2' U M2') U (M' U2 M2) [U']
H - Probability = 1/72
Z - Probability = 1/36

Permutations of Corners Only

x (R' U R') D2 (R U' R') D2 R2 x' x R2' D2 (R U R') D2 (R U' R) x'

y x' R2 D2 (R' U' R) D2 (R' U R') x y x' (R U' R) D2 (R' U R) D2 R2' x
Aa - Probability = 1/18 Ab - Probability = 1/18

x' (R U' R' D) (R U R' D') (R U R' D) (R U' R' D') x

E - Probability = 1/36
Swap One Set of Adjacent Corners

(R U' R' U') (R U R D) (R' U' R D') (R' U2 R') [U']

(R' U2 R U2') R' F (R U R' U') R' F' R2 [U']
y' (L U2 L' U2) L F' (L' U' L U) L F L2' [U]
(R' U2 R' D') (R U' R' D) (R U R U') (R' U' R) [U']
(R U R' F') (R U2' R' U2') (R' F R U) (R U2' R') [U']
Rb - Probability = 1/18
Ra - Probability = 1/18

(R' U L' U2) (R U' R' U2 R) L [U']

(R U R' F') (R U R' U') R' F R2 U' R' [U']
y' (L' U' L F) (L' U' L U) L F' L2' U L [U]
Jb - Probability = 1/18
Ja - Probability = 1/18

(R' U' F')(R U R' U')(R' F R2 U')(R' U' R U)(R' U R)

(R U R' U') (R' F R2 U') R' U' (R U R' F')
y (R' U2 R' U') y (R' F' R2 U') (R' U R' F) R U' F
T - Probability = 1/18
F - Probability = 1/18

Swap One Set of Diagonal Corners

(R' U R' U') y (R' F' R2 U') (R' U R' F) R F F (R U' R' U') (R U R' F') (R U R' U') (R' F R F')
V - Probability = 1/18 Y - Probability = 1/18

(RUR'U)(RUR'F')(RUR'U')(R'FR2U') R' U2 (RU'R') (R' U R U') (R' F' U' F) (R U R' F) R' F' (R U' R)
z (U R' D) (R2 U' R D') (U R' D) (R2 U' R D') [R'] z' (R' U L' U2 R U' L) (R' U L' U2 R U' L) [U]
Na - Probability = 1/72 Nb - Probability = 1/72

G Permutations (Double cycles)

R2 U (R' U R' U') (R U' R2) D U' (R' U R D') [U] (F' U' F) (R2 u R' U) (R U' R u') R2'
R2 u (R' U R' U') R u' R2 y' (R' U R) y' R' U' y F (R2 u R' U) (R U' R u') R2'
y' D (R' U' R U) D' (R2 U R' U) (R U' R U') R2' [U']
Ga - Probability = 1/18 Gb - Probability = 1/18

R2 U' (R U' R U) (R' U R2 D') (U R U' R') D [U'] D' (R U R' U') D (R2 U' R U') (R' U R' U) R2 [U]
y2 R2' F2 (R U2' R U2') R' F (R U R' U') R' F R2 (R U R') y' (R2 u' R U') (R' U R' u) R2
Gd - Probability = 1/18
Gc - Probability = 1/18
 F2L Algorithms – Some Useful Cases
PDF developed by Feliks Zemdegs
Images sourced from Conrad Rider's VisualCube - http://cube.crider.co.uk/visualcube.php

Algorithm Presentation Format

This is a selection of F2L algorithms that are

Suggested algorithm here fairly short, but also somewhat unintuitive.

It is not recommended to learn any of these

algorithms before learning intuitive F2L.

Edge in different slot, corner oriented

R' F R2 U' R' U2 F' (R' F R F') (R' U' R)

(FL slot) (BR slot)

F R' U R F' R' F U' F' R

(FL slot) (BR slot)

Edge in different slot, corner not oriented

R' F U F' R F R' U' R F'

(FL slot) (BR slot)

U R' U' R2 U R2' U' R U' R U R2' U' R2 U R'

(BR slot) (FR slot)

R' u' R' u R

(FR slot)

Edge insertions

F' (R U R' U') R' F R (R' F' R U) (R U' R' F)

(FR slot) (FR slot)
Corner solved, edge in slot

R2 U' R2' U R2 R2 U R2 U' R2'

(FR slot) (BR slot)

Miscellaneous

F R U' R' U' F' r U' R' U R U r'

(FL slot) (FR slot)

M U r U' r' U' M'

(FR slot)
 F2L Algorithms – All Four Slot Angles
Developed by Feliks Zemdegs
and Andy Klise

Images sourced from Conrad Rider's VisualCube - http://cube.crider.co.uk/visualcube.php

Algorithms for slot in back-right position.

Basic Inserts
y U (R U' R')
U' (R' U R)
y' U (L U' L')

y (R U R')
(R' U' R)
y' (L U L')

F2L Case 1

U (R' U' R U') (R' U' R) U (R' U R U') y (R U R')

R U2' R2' U' (R2 U' R') U (R' U2 R) U' y (R U R')

U (R' U R U') (R' U' R) y U' (R U' R' U) (R U R')

F2L Case 2
y (U' R U R') U2 (R U' R')
(U R' U' R) U2' (R' U R)
U r' (U R U' R') U' r

y U' (R U2' R') U2 (R U' R') U (R' U2 R) U2' (R' U R)

F2L Case 3

y U (R U2' R') U (R U' R') U' (R' U2 R) U' (R' U R)

U2 (R' U' R) U' (R' U R)

y U2 (R U R' U) (R U' R') R' F' U2 F R
Note – The second algorithm is fewer moves,
but less intuitive and less finger-friendly.
 Algorithms for slot in back-right position.

Incorrectly Connected Pieces

y (R U' R' U2) y' (R' U' R)
(R' U R) U2' y (R U R') U (R U' R' U) (R' U' R)
(R2' F R F' R) U2' (R' U R) Note – the second algorithm should only be
used when the front-right slot is empty.

y (R U2 R') U' (R U R') (R' U2' R) U (R' U' R)

(R' U' R U' y) (R U' R' U) (R U' R') U' (R' U R U) (R' U R U') (R' U R)
(U R' U2' R) y (R U2' R' U) (R U' R') y F (U R U' R') F' (R U' R')

Corner in Place, Edge in U Face

y U (R U' R') U' (F' U F)

(U' R' U R) y U (R U' R')
y U (R U' R') (F R' F' R)

y (R U' R' U) (R U' R')

(R' U R U') (R' U R)
R' U2 R' F R F' R

(R' U' R U) (R' U' R) y (R U R' U') (R U R')

Edge in Place, Corner in U face

(R' U R' F) (R F' R)
(U' R' U R) (U' R' U R) (U' R' U R)
(R' U R U') y (R U' R')

(U' R' U' R) U2 (R' U' R) U (R' U R) U2' (R' U R)

y (U' R U R') d (R' U' R) U (R' U' R) y U' (R U R')

Edge and Corner in Place

Solved Pair (R' U R) d' (R U2' R') U2 (R U' R')

(R' U R U') (R' U2 R U') (R' U (R' U' R U) (R' U2' R) U (R' U' R)
R) (R' U R U) (R' U' R U2') (R' U R)

(R' U R) U2' y (R U R' U) (R U' (R' U R U) (R' U R U') y (R U R')

R')
 F2L Algorithms – All Four Slot Angles
Developed by Feliks Zemdegs
and Andy Klise

Images sourced from Conrad Rider's VisualCube - http://cube.crider.co.uk/visualcube.php

Algorithms for slot in front-left position.

Basic Inserts
y' U (R U' R')
U' (L' U L)
y U (L U' L')

y' (R U R')
(L' U' L)
y (L U L')

F2L Case 1

U (L' U' L U') (L' U' L) U (L' U L U') y' (R U R')

L U2' L2' U' (L2 U' L') U (L' U2 L) U' y' (R U R')

U (L' U L U') (L' U' L) y' U' (R U' R' U) (R U R')

F2L Case 2
y' (U' R U R') U2 (R U' R')
(L U L') y' (U R U' R') (U L' U' L) U2' (L' U L)
Note – the second algorithm should only be
used when the back-left slot is empty.

y' U' (R U2' R') U2 (R U' R') U (L' U2 L) U2' (L' U L)

F2L Case 3

y' U (R U2' R') U (R U' R') U' (L' U2 L) U' (L' U L)

F R U2' R' F' U2 (L' U' L) U' (L' U L)

 Algorithms for slot in front-left position.

Incorrectly Connected Pieces

y' (R U' R' U2) y' (R' U' R)
(L' U L) U2' y' (R U R') (U' R U' R') U' (L' U' L)
Note – the second algorithm should only be
used when the front-right slot is empty.

y' (R U2 R') U' (R U R') (L' U2 L) U (L' U' L)

y' U (R U' R' U') (R U' R' U R U' R') U' (L' U L U) (L' U L U') (L' U L)
y' (R U R' U2') (R U R' U') (R U R') y' F (U R U' R') F' (R U' R')

Corner in Place, Edge in U Face

y' U (R U' R') U' (F' U F)
(U' L' U L) d (R U' R')
y' U (R U' R') (F R' F' R)

y' (R U' R' U) (R U' R') (L' U L U') (L' U L)

y' (R U R' U') (R U R')

(L' U' L U) (L' U' L)
(r U' r' F) (r U' r' F)

Edge in Place, Corner in U face

(L' U L U') y' (R U' R')
(U' L' U L) (U' L' U L) (U' L' U L)

(U' L' U' L) U2 (L' U' L) U (L' U L) U2' (L' U L)

y' (U' R U R') d (R' U' R) U (L' U' L) y' U' (R U R')

Edge and Corner in Place

Solved Pair (L' U L U') y' (R U2' R' U2 R U' R')

(L' U' L U) (L' U2' L) U (L' U' L)

(L' U L U') (L' U2 L U') (L' U L)
(L' U L U) (L' U' L U2') (L' U L)

(L' U L U) (L' U L U') y (L U L')

(L' U L) F R U2' R' F'
 F2L Algorithms – All Four Slot Angles
Developed by Feliks Zemdegs
and Andy Klise

Images sourced from Conrad Rider's VisualCube - http://cube.crider.co.uk/visualcube.php

Algorithms for slot in back-left position.

Basic Inserts
y U' (R' U R)
U (L U' L')
y' U' (L' U L)

y (R' U' R) (L U L')

F2L Case 1

y U (R' U' R U') (R' U' R) U' (L U L' U) (L U L')

y R U2' R2' U' (R2 U' R') L' U2 L2 U (L2' U L)

y U (R' U R U') (R' U' R) U' (L U' L' U) (L U L')

F2L Case 2

(U' L U L') U2 (L U' L') y (U R' U' R) U2' (R' U R)

U' (L U2 L') U2 (L U' L') y U (R' U2' R) U2' (R' U R)

F2L Case 3

U (L U2' L') U (L U' L') y U' (R' U2 R) U' (R' U R)

y U2 (R' U' R) U' (R' U R)

y' F R U2' R' F' y R' F' U2 F R
Note – The second algorithm is fewer moves,
but less intuitive and less finger-friendly.
 Algorithms for slot in back-left position.

Incorrectly Connected Pieces

y (R' U R) U2' y (R U R')
U' (L' U L U') (L U' L') (L U' L' U2) y (R' U' R)
Note – the second algorithm should only be
used when the front-left slot is empty.

(L U2 L') U' (L U L') y (R' U2' R) U (R' U' R)

U (L U' L' U') (L U' L' U) (L U' L') y U' (R' U R U) (R' U R U') (R' U R)

Corner in Place, Edge in U Face

[y2] [y2]
y' (U' L' U L) d (R U' R') U (L U' L') d' (R' U R)

[y2] [y2]
(L U' L' U) (L U' L') y (R' U R U') (R' U R)

[y2] [y2]
y (R' U' R U) (R' U' R) (L U L' U') (L U L')

Edge in Place, Corner in U face

[y2] [y2]
y (R' U R' F) (R F' R) (U L U' L') (U L U' L') (U L U' L')

[y2] [y2]
(U' L U' L') U2 (L U' L') U (L U L') U2 (L U L')

[y2] [y2]
(U2' L U L') d' (R' U R) y U2' (R' U R) d (L U L')

Edge and Corner in Place

[y2] [y2]
Solved Pair y (R' U R) d' (R U2' R' U2 R U' R')

[y2] [y2]
(L U L' U') (L U2 L' U') (L U L') (L U' L' U) (L U2' L') U (L U' L')

[y2] [y2]
y (R' U R) U2' y (R U R' U R U' R') (L U' L') d' (U' R' U' R U') (R' U R)