PMID- 34204187

OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210812
LR - 20210812
IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI - 13
IP - 6
DP - 2021 Jun 17
TI - Nutrition and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Between False Myths and Real
Research-Based Opportunities.
LID - 10.3390/nu13062068 [doi]
LID - 2068
AB - Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multicomplex disorder characterized by an

umbrella of specific issues in the areas of social communication, restricted

interests, and repetitive behaviors [...].
FAU - Narzisi, Antonio
AU - Narzisi A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3996-3827
AD - Department of Child Psychiatry and Psychopharmacology, IRCCS Stella Maris
Foundation, 56018 Pisa, Italy.
FAU - Masi, Gabriele
AU - Masi G
AD - Department of Child Psychiatry and Psychopharmacology, IRCCS Stella Maris
Foundation, 56018 Pisa, Italy.
FAU - Grossi, Enzo
AU - Grossi E
AD - Villa Santa Maria Foundation, Tavernerio, 22038 Como, Italy.
LA - eng
PT - Editorial
DEP - 20210617
PL - Switzerland
TA - Nutrients
JT - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN - 1C6V77QF41 (Cholecalciferol)
SB - IM
MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder
MH - Cholecalciferol
MH - Communication
MH - Diet
MH - Dietary Supplements
MH - Gastrointestinal Microbiome
MH - Humans
MH - *Nutritional Status
PMC - PMC8234602
COIS- G.M. has received institutional research grants from Lundbeck and Humana, was
in
an advisory board for Angelini and has been a speaker for Angelini, FB
Health,
Janssen, Lundbeck and Otsuka. The other authors do not have conflicts of
interest
to declare.
EDAT- 2021/07/03 06:00
MHDA- 2021/08/13 06:00
CRDT- 2021/07/02 01:20
PHST- 2021/05/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/06/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/02 01:20 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/07/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/08/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - nu13062068 [pii]
AID - nutrients-13-02068 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu13062068 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO - Nutrients. 2021 Jun 17;13(6):2068. doi: 10.3390/nu13062068.

PMID- 25004237
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151007
LR - 20150127
IS - 1475-2700 (Electronic)
IS - 0954-4224 (Linking)
VI - 27
IP - 2
DP - 2014 Dec
TI - Autism and nutrition: the role of the gut-brain axis.
PG - 199-214
LID - 10.1017/S0954422414000110 [doi]
AB - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by deficits in the ability to

socialise, communicate and use imagination, and displays of stereotypical

behaviour. It is widely accepted that ASD involves a disorder in brain
development. However, the real causes of the neurodevelopmental disorders
associated with ASD are not clear. In this respect, it has been found that a
majority of children with ASD display gastrointestinal symptoms, and an
increased
intestinal permeability. Moreover, large differences in microbiotic
composition
between ASD patients and controls have been reported. Therefore,
nutrition-related factors have been hypothesised to play a causal role in the

aetiology of ASD and its symptoms. Through a review of the literature, it was

found that abnormalities in carbohydrate digestion and absorption could

explain
some of the gastrointestinal problems observed in a subset of ASD patients,
although their role in the neurological and behavioural problems remains
uncertain. In addition, the relationship between an improved gut health and a

reduction of symptoms in some patients was evaluated. Recent trials involving

gluten-free diets, casein-free diets, and pre- and probiotic, and

multivitamin
supplementation show contradictive but promising results. It can be concluded

that nutrition and other environmental influences might trigger an unstable

base
of genetic predisposition, which may lead to the development of autism, at
least
in a subset of ASD patients. Clear directions for further research to improve

diagnosis and treatment for the different subsets of the disorder are
provided.
FAU - van De Sande, Marijke M H
AU - van De Sande MM
AD - Maastricht University, Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism Research
Institute
(NUTRIM), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Department of

Human Biology,PO Box 616,6200MD,Maastricht,The Netherlands.

FAU - van Buul, Vincent J
AU - van Buul VJ
AD - Maastricht University, Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism Research
Institute
(NUTRIM), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Department of

Human Biology,PO Box 616,6200MD,Maastricht,The Netherlands.

FAU - Brouns, Fred J P H
AU - Brouns FJ
AD - Maastricht University, Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism Research
Institute
(NUTRIM), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Department of

Human Biology,PO Box 616,6200MD,Maastricht,The Netherlands.

LA - eng
PT - Journal Article
PT - Review
DEP - 20140708
PL - England
TA - Nutr Res Rev
JT - Nutrition research reviews
JID - 9113797
RN - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
SB - IM
MH - Brain/*physiopathology
MH - Child
MH - Child Development Disorders,
Pervasive/epidemiology/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy
MH - Diet Therapy/methods
MH - Dietary Carbohydrates/adverse effects/metabolism
MH - Gastrointestinal Diseases/*complications/epidemiology/metabolism
MH - Humans
MH - *Nutritional Requirements
MH - *Nutritional Status
OTO - NOTNLM
OT - Autism spectrum disorder
OT - Diagnosis
OT - Gluten-free diets
OT - Gut–brain axis
OT - Treatment
EDAT- 2014/07/09 06:00
MHDA- 2015/10/08 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/09 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/10/08 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0954422414000110 [pii]
AID - 10.1017/S0954422414000110 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO - Nutr Res Rev. 2014 Dec;27(2):199-214. doi: 10.1017/S0954422414000110. Epub
2014
Jul 8.
PMID- 33572226
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210902
LR - 20210902
IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI - 13
IP - 2
DP - 2021 Feb 9
TI - Gluten and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
LID - 10.3390/nu13020572 [doi]
LID - 572
AB - An expanding body of literature is examining connections between Autism
Spectrum
Disorder (ASD) and dietary interventions. While a number of specialist diets
have
been suggested as beneficial in ASD, gluten has received particularly close
attention as a potentially exacerbating factor. Reports exist suggesting a
beneficial effect of the gluten-free diet (GFD) in ameliorating behavioural
and
intellectual problems associated with ASD, while epidemiological research has

also shown a comorbidity between ASD and coeliac disease. However, both
caregivers and clinicians have expressed an uncertainty of the value of
people
with ASD going gluten-free, and as the GFD otherwise receives considerable
public
attention a discussion which focuses specifically on the interaction between
ASD
and gluten is warranted. In this review we discuss the historical context of
ASD
and gluten-related studies, and expand this to include an overview of
epidemiological links, hypotheses of shared pathological mechanisms, and
ultimately the evidence around the use and adoption of the GFD in people with

ASD.
FAU - Croall, Iain D
AU - Croall ID
AD - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of
Sheffield/INSIGENO, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK.
FAU - Hoggard, Nigel
AU - Hoggard N
AD - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of
Sheffield/INSIGENO, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK.
FAU - Hadjivassiliou, Marios
AU - Hadjivassiliou M
AD - Academic Departments of Neurosciences and Neuroradiology, Sheffield Teaching
Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK.
LA - eng
PT - Journal Article
PT - Review
DEP - 20210209
PL - Switzerland
TA - Nutrients
JT - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN - 0 (Caseins)
RN - 8002-80-0 (Glutens)
SB - IM
MH - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/diet therapy/epidemiology/physiopathology
MH - Caseins/administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH - Celiac Disease/epidemiology
MH - Child
MH - Comorbidity
MH - Diet, Gluten-Free
MH - Gastrointestinal Tract/physiopathology
MH - *Glutens
MH - Humans
MH - Nutritional Status
PMC - PMC7915454
OTO - NOTNLM
OT - autism spectrum disorder
OT - celiac disease
OT - coeliac disease
OT - gluten sensitivity
OT - review
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/02/13 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/03 06:00
CRDT- 2021/02/12 01:01
PHST- 2020/12/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/01/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/12 01:01 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - nu13020572 [pii]
AID - nutrients-13-00572 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu13020572 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO - Nutrients. 2021 Feb 9;13(2):572. doi: 10.3390/nu13020572.