.

VHDL Design for Image Segmentation using Gabor filter

for skin Disease Detection

Team Members Faculty Guide

RAMROOP (2008390300044) Mr. Rohit singh
AKASH Kumar (200839000013)
Abhishek kumar (200839030007)
OmPrakash (2008390300040)

I. Introduction

Image segmentation is the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple

segments i.e. sets of pixels. Segmentation of images by using textural properties of
anatomical structures and regions of interest has a crucial role in most medical
imaging applications. The segmented image is more meaningful and easier to
analyze.

II. Objectives
VHDL Design for Image Segmentation using Gabor filter for skin Disease Detection .

III. Terminology Used

● gabor filter
● VHDL coding
● FPGA Hardware
● Digital image as input

III. 2. DESIGN METHODOLOGY

 1. Problem Definition:
Define the problem you're addressing, including the type of disease you want to
detect and the specific image segmentation requirements.

2. Requirements Analysis:
Determine the system requirements, such as image resolution, processing speed, and the
Gabor filter parameters.

3. Image Acquisition:
Interface with image sensors or load images from storage, and convert them
to a format suitable for processing.
4. Pre-processing:
Apply any necessary pre-processing steps, such as noise reduction and image
enhancement, to improve the quality of the input images.

5. Gabor Filter Design:

Design VHDL modules for Gabor filter implementation, which involves creating
kernels with specific parameters (e.g., frequency and orientation).

6. Filter Convolution:
Implement the convolution operation to apply the Gabor filter to the input image.

7 Feature Extraction:
● Extract relevant features from the filtered images, which can be used for disease
detection. This might involve edge detection, texture analysis, or other methods.
8 Segmentation:
Develop VHDL modules for image segmentation using the features extracted in the
previous step. Techniques like thresholding, region-based segmentation, or clustering
can be used.

9 Disease Detection Algorithm:

Create an algorithm that uses the segmented regions to detect the presence of the
disease. This might involve machine learning models, pattern recognition, or other
classification techniques

10 Integration:
Integrate all the VHDL modules and components into a cohesive system. Ensure
proper data flow and communication between modules.

11 Testing and Validation:

Thoroughly test the system using a variety of images, including disease-positive and
disease-negative cases. Validate its accuracy and performance.
for example we consider the skin disease Melanoma:-

Melanoma:- Nearly 80% of skin cancer -related death are caused by melanoma
.people who develop melanoma often notice sores that don’t heal , areas of darker
pigmentation spreading out from a mole, or quickly growing or changing spots.

melanoma symptoms:-

1. Change in the Shape, Size, or Color of Moles:

Keep an eye on moles that change in size, shape, or color, as well as moles that develop
irregular edges.

2. Asymmetry:
Melanoma lesions are often asymmetric, meaning one half is different from the other.

3.Uneven Color:
Melanomas may have uneven coloring with various shades of brown, black, red, blue,
or white.

4.Diameter:
Moles that are larger than a pencil eraser (about 6mm or more) can be a concern.

5.Evolving Moles:
Moles or skin lesions that change over time, such as itching, bleeding, or crusting.

6.New Moles:
The appearance of new moles, especially in adulthood, can be a sign of concern.

7.Spread:
Melanoma can spread to surrounding skin and even to other parts of the body, leading
to symptoms like lumps, pain, or swollen lymph nodes.
IV. Future Use

Using VHDL design for image segmentation with Gabor filters in disease detection,
including medical imaging applications, can have several potential future uses and
benefits:

● Early Disease Detection:

VHDL-based image segmentation with Gabor filters can help in early disease
detection by identifying abnormalities in medical images, such as X-rays, MRIs, or CT
scans. This can aid in diagnosing diseases like cancer or cardiovascular conditions at
earlier, more treatable stages.

● Reduced Healthcare Costs:

Early and accurate disease detection can lead to cost savings by reducing the need
for extensive treatments and hospitalizations. It can also reduce the burden on
healthcare systems.

● Improving Patient Outcomes:

Ultimately, the application of VHDL-based image segmentation in disease detection

can lead to improved patient outcomes by facilitating earlier and more precise
diagnoses.

V. Conclusion:
In this paper, a concept of VLSI architecture for skin related disease detection is
proposed. It will improve data transfer rates, provide efficient noise reduction, less
power consumption and require less memory storage. The Gabor filter is an efficient
tool to meet all requirements as mentioned above. The processing time required for
simulation is very less as compared to software simulation because of the use of
CORDIC algorithm, thus offering much greater speed than a software
implementation. This concept will be helpful in detecting early stages of disease and
saving the lives of people.