[PLAYING PIANO]

Now from time to time during the six weeks,

you may hear the term flat or sharp.
Now those terms simply mean to raise or lower a note by a half step.
For instance, this is an A.
[PLAYS A]
An A flat would be--
[PLAYS A FLAT]
To lower the note a half step, to A flat.
A sharp would simply mean raise the note a half step.
[PLAYS A SHARP]
A sharp.
Let's take another note, How about the note of D?
That's a D.
[PLAYS D]
A D flat would be--
[PLAYS D FLAT ON PIANO]
Lower the note a half step.
A D sharp would be to--
[PLAYS D SHARP ON PIANO]
--raise that note a half step.
Let's take F. It's a very interesting one, because if you lowered F,
it would come down a half step to E.
[PLAYS E]
Because as with B and C, E and F have no dark note--
has no black note in between.
So F--
[PLAYS F]
F flat would be--
[PLAYS E]
--there.
Also known as E.
[PLAYS F]
F sharp would be raised.
[PLAYS F SHARP]
And you have F sharp.
Sharps and flats.