TRACY JOY RESULTAY DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

BSIT 2F

What is data management?

Data management is the practice of collecting, organizing, protecting, and storing an
organization’s data so it can be analyzed for business decisions. As organizations create
and consume data at unprecedented rates, data management solutions become
essential for making sense of the vast quantities of data. Today’s leading data
management software ensures that reliable, up-to-date data is always used to drive
decisions. The software helps with everything from data preparation to cataloging,
search, and governance, allowing people to quickly find the information they need for
analysis.

Types of Data Management

Data management plays several roles in an organization’s data environment, making

essential functions easier and less time-intensive. These data management techniques
include the following:

 Data preparation is used to clean and transform raw data into the right shape
and format for analysis, including making corrections and combining data sets.

 Data pipelines enable the automated transfer of data from one system to
another.

 ETLs (Extract, Transform, Load) are built to take the data from one system,
transform it, and load it into the organization’s data warehouse.

 Data catalogs help manage metadata to create a complete picture of the data,
providing a summary of its changes, locations, and quality while also making the
data easy to find.

 Data warehouses are places to consolidate various data sources, contend with
the many data types businesses store, and provide a clear route for data analysis.

 Data governance defines standards, processes, and policies to maintain data

security and integrity.

 Data architecture provides a formal approach for creating and managing data
flow.

 Data security protects data from unauthorized access and corruption.

 Data modeling documents the flow of data through an application or

organization.
TRACY JOY RESULTAY DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
BSIT 2F

Hierarchy of Data in a Database (from

Smallest to Largest Levels)
A database hierarchy is a way of organizing data in a structured manner so it can be
easily accessed, managed and updated. Here are the main components of the hierarchy:

Hierarchy of Data in a Database

In a database, data is typically organized into a hierarchical structure, with several
levels of organization. The main levels of this hierarchy are:

Bit
A bit is the smallest unit of data in a computer, representing either 0 or 1.

Byte
A byte is a collection of 8 bits, which can represent a single character or number in a
computer system.

Field
A field is a specific piece of data within a record, such as a name, address, or phone
number.

Record
A record is a collection of related fields, such as all the fields that make up a single
customer’s information.

Table
A table is a collection of records that have a similar structure, such as a table of
customers or a table of orders.
TRACY JOY RESULTAY DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
BSIT 2F

Database
A database is a collection of tables that are related to each other in some way, such as a
database of customer information or a database of sales data.

Database management system (DBMS)

The DBMS is the software system that manages the organization and storage of data in
the database, and allows users to interact with the data through SQL (Structured Query
Language) commands.

This organization allows for efficient storage, retrieval and manipulation of data, making
it possible to easily and quickly retrieve specific data from the database by manipulating
this structure, such as by querying the database using SQL commands.

In summary, the hierarchy starts with the smallest unit of data (bit), which is combined
to form larger units of data (byte), which in turn are organized into fields that make up a
single record, which is then stored in a table, which is part of a larger database that is
managed by a DBMS.