Rober tMoogwasanAmer icaninventorwhodev el

opedt hemoogsy nthesi

zer.Itwasoneof
thef i
rstsy nthesizertogainwi despr eaduseasamusi calinstr
ument.Moog’ssy nt
hesi zerswerean
i
mpor tantpar tofmusi calinnov ationi nrockandj azzmusi cinthe1960sand1970s.Rober tArthur
Moogwasbor ninQueens,abor oughofNew Yor kCity75y earsago.Hebecamef ascinatedwith
electronicsasat eenager,part
icul arlyanear l
yelect
ronicmusi ci
nstrumentcall
edthet heremin.Moog
studiedphy si
csandel ectr
icalengi neer i
ngatQueensCol l
egeandCol umbiaUniversi
ty,bothi nNew
YorkCi tyandl aterreceivedaPh. D.inengi neeri
ngphysicsf r
om CornelUni
versi
tyinIthaca,NewYor k.
In1954,whi l
est i
llanunder graduat est udent,Moogf ormedhi sowncompanyt osellthereminand
theremi nkits.

Soonafter,Moogbeganwor kingonakey boardinst

rumentthatcoul
drepli
cat
ethesoundof
anymusi calinstr
umentel ect
roni
call
y.Wor kingwi t
hAmer icancomposerHer ber
tDeutsch,Moog
i
nt r
oduced t
hepr ototypeMoog Sy nthesizerataconv ent
ioni n1964.Thedev i
cerepr
esenteda
signi
fi
cantadvanceov erprevi
ouselectroni
csy nthesizersbecauseofitsuseofnew semiconduct
or
technol
ogy,whichmadei tsmall
erandconsi derablycheapert hanear
li
ermachi
nes.TheMoog,asi t
wasknown, wassooni ndemandbymusi ci
anal lov ertheworld.

In1964,Moogbeganacol labor at
ionwi thAmer icancomposerandor gani
stWal terCarl
os
(nowWendyCar l
os),whor el
easedt hebest sell
ingelect
ronicmusicalbum Swi tched-
OnBachi n1968.
Rockgr oupssuchast heBeatlesandYesandj azzmusiciansuchasHar bieHancockandChi ckCorea
beganincorporat
ingMoogSy nthesizerintot heirr
ecordi
ngs, atr
endthati ncr
easedwhent hecompany
i
ntroducedthecompactandpor tableMi nimoogi n1970.AMoogSy nthesizerwasal soprominentl
y
featur
edont hesoundtracktot hemov ieAcl ockworkOrangei n1971.
1. Themai nideaofthepar agrapht hreei s..
..

A. t
heMoog’
scol
l
abor
ati
oni
nmusi
cfi
eld

B. t
heMoogi
nthemov
iesoundt
rack

C. t
hei
ntr
oduct
ionofMi
nimoog

D. t
hecol
l
abor
ati
onofTheMoogwi
thmusi
cgr
oups

E. t
hecol
l
abor
ati
onofTheMoogwi
thar
ti
sts

2. Thepassagedescr i
besTher eminasa/ an. .
..
A. prototypeofMoogSy nthesizer
B. init
ialelect ronicmusi ci nstrument
C. musi cal inst rumentt or epli
catethesound
D. instrumentofel ectronict ool
E. soundpr oducedbyani mal s
3. Accordingt ot hepassage, allofthefollowi ngar etr
ueaboutTheMoog,EXCEPT..
..
A. itwasi nv ent edbyRober tMoog
B. itwasf i
rsti ntroducedi n1964
C. itcreatednewt echnologywhi chwassmal l
erandcheapert
hanpr
eviousmachi
ne
D. itwast hef irstsynthesi zerinthewor l
d
E. itwasf eat ur edont hemov iesoundt racki n1971
4. Thepar agraphf ollowingt hepassagemostl ikel
y...
.
A. collabor at i
onbet weenTheMoogandot hermusi ci
an
B. descr i
pt i
onofcompactandpor tableMi nimoog
C. thei mpr ov ementofMoogSy nthesizer
D. trendint hemusi cindust ryaboutsy nthesizer
E. thedef init i
onandt heki ndsoft heremi n
5. Thewor d“ pr omi nently”caneasi l
yber eplacedby. .
..
A. perfectly

B. i
mpr
oper
ly

C. accur
atel
y
 D. excel
l
ent
ly

E. si
gni
fi
cant
ly

(1)Cur rentwi sdom i ncl inest owar dt hev i

ew t hatdi sast er sar enotex cept ionalev ent s.( 2)
Theyt end t o be r epet iti
v e and t o concent rat ei n par ti
cul arpl aces.( 3)Wi t
hr egar dt o nat ural
cat ast r
ophes,sei smi candv ol cani cbel t
s,hur r i
cane- gener at ingar easandunst abl esl opesar ewel l
known.( 4)Mor eov er ,t hef requencyofev ent sandt heref or et heirst at isticalr ecur rencei nter valsar e
oftenf ai rlywel lest abl i
shed atl eastf ort hesmal l
erand mor ef requentoccur rences.( 5)Many
technol ogi calhaz ar dsal so f ollow mor eorl esspr edi ct abl epat terns,_ _ 7_ _t hesemaybecome
appar entonl ywhenr esear chr ev ealst hem.( 6)Fi nally,int elligencegat her ing,st r
at egi cst udi es,and
policyanal y sescanhel pust ounder stand_ _ 8__ .(7)Thus, ther ei sl i
tt l
eex cusef or_ _9_ _unpr epar ed.
( 8)Themai nscopeofemer gencypl anni ngi st or educet her iskt ol ifeandl imbposedby
act ual andpot ent ial disast ers.( 9)Secondar ymot i
vesi nv olver educi ngdamage, ensur ingpubl icsaf ety
dur ingt heaf t
er mat hofadi sast er,andcar ingf orsur viv or sandt he_ _10_ _.( 10)I nef ficienci esi n
planni ng ar et ransl at ed v er yeasi lyi ntol ossofl if
e,i njur ies,ordamage t hatcoul d hav e been
avoi ded. (11)Thus, emer gencypl anni ngi satl eastamor al ,andper hapsal soal egal, responsi bi l
ityf or
allthose_ _11_ _ar ei nv olv edwi tht hesaf etyoft hepubl icorempl oy ees. (12)Mor eov er, planni ngcannot
besuccessf ul
lyi mpr ov ised dur i
ng emer genci es;t hisr epr esent soneoneoft hewor stf or msof
i
nef fi
ciencyandmostl ikelysour cesofer rorandconf usion.( 13)For tunat ely ,howev er,50y ear sof
i
nt ensi ver esear chandaccumul atedexper i
encehav efur nishedanampl ebasi sf orpl anni ng.
(14)Gi vent hatdi sast ert endt ober epet it
iveev ent s,t hey __12_ _acy l
et hatcanbedi vided
i
nt ophasesofmi tigat i
ons,pr epar edness,r esponeanddel iver y,incl udi ngr econst ruct i
on.( 15)The
fi
sr ttwost agesoccurbef or ecat astrophest ri
kesandt hel astt woaf t
er war ds. (16)Theact i
onst aken
differf oreachoft heper iods,asdi fferentneedsar et ackl ed. (17)Mi tigationcompr isesal lact ions
desi gned_ _13_ _off utur edi sast er.(18)Thesear eusual lydi v idedi ntost ruct ur almeasur esandnon-
struct uralmeasur es,whi ch i ncl uded l and- use pl anni ng,i nsur ance,l egi slat i
on,and ev acuat i
on
planni ng. (19)t het er m pr epar ednessr eferst oact ionst akent oeaset hei mpactofdi sast er swhen
theyar ef orecast .(20)Theyal soi nl
cludesecur i
tymeasur es,suchast heev acuat ionofv ul nerabl e
popul ationsandsandbaggi ngofr iversl ev eesasf loodwat er sbegi nt or i
se. (21)Responser efer st o
emer gencyact ionst akendur ing_ _14_ _ .
(22)Thepr i
nci palemphasi si sonsav i
nghumanl ives. (
23)
Vict im ar er escuedandt hei mmedi ateneedsofsur vivorsar eat tendedt o.(24) Recov eryi st hepr oces
ofr epar ingdamage,r est or i
ngser vi
cesandr econst r
uct i
ngf acul i
t i
esaf terdi sast erhasst ruck. (
25)
Whi l
emaj orcat ast rophes_ _15_ _t akeasl ongas25y ear st or ecov er ,muchl esst imei sneededi n
l
ight eri mpact sordi sast ert hatst ri
kesmal lersar eas.

6. Thesent
ence“Whenaknownsi
gnif
icantr
iskexi
sts,f
ail
uret
opl
ancanbet
akenascul
pabl
e
negl
i
gence.
’’
Shoul
dcomeaft
er.
..

A. sent
ence5

B. sent
ence7

C. sent
ence11

D. sent
ence13

E. sent
ence17

7. .
..
.

A. al
though
B. despi
te
C. i
nspit
eof
D. i
nstedof
 E. becauseof

8. .
..
..

A. r
esul
ti
ngf
rom t
hepat
ter
nofemer
genci
esconf
li
ctandi
nsur
gence

B. t
hepat
ter
nofemer
genci
esf
rom conf
li
ctandi
nsur
gencer
esul
ti
ng

C. t
hepat
ter
nofemer
genci
esf
rom r
esul
ti
ngconf
li
ctandi
nsur
gence

D. t
hepat
ter
nofemer
genci
esr
esul
ti
ngf
rom conf
li
ctandi
nsur
gence

E. r
esul
ti
ngt
hepat
ter
nofemer
genci
esf
rom conf
li
ctandi
nsur
gence

9. .
..
.

A. catch
B. cathi
ng
C. caught
D. bei
ngcaught
E. tobeingcaught

10..
..
..

A. di
sadv
ant
age

B. di
sadv
ant
aged

C. di
sadv
ant
agi
ng

D. t
odi
sadv
ant
age

E. t
obedi
sadv
ant
aged

11. .
..
.

A. whi
ch

B. whose

C. whom

D. who

E. why

12..
..
.

A. wi
l
lfor
m

B. hasf
ormed

C. f
orm

D. f
ormed
 E. ar
efor
ming

13..
..
.

A. t
oav
oidt
hei
mpact

B. t
oexpandt
hei
mpact

C. t
orest
ri
ctt
hei
mpact

D. t
odi
scont
inuet
hei
mpact

E. t
oreducet
hei
mpact

14..
..
.

A. bot
hthei
mpactofadi
sast
erandt
heshor
tter
m af
ter
mat
h

B. ei
thert
hei
mpactofadi
sast
ernort
heshor
t-
ter
m af
ter
mat
h

C. nei
thert
hei
mpactofadi
sast
erort
heshor
t-
ter
m af
ter
mat
h

D. t
hei
mpactofadi
sast
ert
otheshor
t-
ter
m af
ter
mat
h

E. bot
hthei
mpactofadi
sast
err
athert
hant
heshor
t-
ter
m af
ter
mat
h

15..
..
.

A. must

B. hast
o

C. shoul
d

D. may

E. hadbet
ter