Name of the school: Escola De Idiomas

Name of the students: Gabriela Armijos, Anthony Espinoza, Renato Mena

Name of the teacher: Jhonny Paul Lalangui
Date of the presentation: Monday, November 20th, 2023
Topic 1: Companies should be required to hire 50% male and 50% female
employees
Renato’s part
Gender equality in the workplace is a goal that many have been striving to attain for
years. One approach to further this goal is by requiring companies to hire 50% male and
50% female employees. While some may argue that such a policy could lead to various
challenges and complexities, there are compelling reasons to support this approach.
First and foremost, promoting equal representation of men and women in the workforce
benefits not only individuals but also society as a whole. A diverse workforce fosters
creativity, innovation, and a wider range of perspectives. Different viewpoints and
experiences contribute to more well-rounded decision-making, which can lead to
improved business outcomes.
Furthermore, requiring a balanced gender ratio in hiring practices addresses deeply
ingrained gender biases that have persisted for centuries. Stereotypes about the
capabilities and roles of men and women have led to a skewed representation in many
industries. By mandating equal hiring, companies can challenge these stereotypes and
actively work towards dismantling systemic gender discrimination.
Additionally, enforcing a 50/50 gender hiring policy can be seen as a crucial step toward
addressing the gender pay gap. In many cases, women have historically earned less than
their male counterparts for equivalent work. By ensuring equal opportunities in hiring,
this policy contributes to a more equitable distribution of opportunities and income,
ultimately narrowing the wage gap.
In conclusion, requiring companies to hire 50% male and 50% female employees is a
bold step towards achieving gender equality in the workplace. It fosters diversity,
challenges stereotypes, and promotes fair compensation. By embracing this approach,
we can create a more inclusive and just society where everyone has an equal chance to
succeed.
Anthony’s part
In recent years, the participation of women in a company has been highlighted. But for a
long time, women have been isolated or taken into account very little in companies. For
example, women received the lowest salaries and it was very unlikely to see a woman in
high positions. Even the number of men was higher than women in companies.
This picture has changed, more chances have been given to women and their qualities
have been highlighted which allow women to compete head to head with men. Women
are also competitive and make better decisions because they are more sensible than
men. That is why in recent times women have become more participative and you can
notice an increase of them in companies. So it is very important to have women in the
companies since they contribute with more sensible ideas and teach men to be more
orderly.
In European countries such as Spain, laws have been imposed to ensure equality
between men and women at the corporate level. This has favored many of them when
applying for a promotion or salary increase. A study published in 2019 revealed that the
participation of women in Spanish companies is 35%. And I am sure that with the help
of this law the percentage will go up through the years.
Gabriela’s part

Nowadays, women have a very important role in companies, they are qualified to
perform the assigned positions. Previously, they were not taken into account, there was
only the sexist thought that women should dedicate themselves to the home and take
care of the children. children. However, there are several examples of women who have
been good leaders when running a company. Ensuring equality of opportunity and
treatment in the workplace remains a global challenge.

The inclusion of women in society, and the evolution of their rights, has allowed them
to have access to education and therefore reach an average educational level, which is
reflected in the incorporation of women into paid work and occupation of positions.
administrative, financial and technical. Especially in the business sector, we have found
brilliant cases of successful women, without forgetting all those women who start a
business every day and who, possibly, do not and will not appear in a magazine or on a
television program. The truth is that, famous or not, beginners or experts, thanks to
them great technological, economic, political and cultural advances have been obtained,
providing a contrasting vision that has helped evolve the way of seeing the world and
understanding development. social and business life that exists today.

Achieving gender equality is important for workplaces not only because it is "fair" and
"the right thing to do," but because it is also linked to a country's overall economic
performance. Gender equality in the workplace is associated with: Improved national
productivity and economic growth.

During the last 10 years, in our country, important progress was achieved by
implementing in its legislation and public policies principles that allow reducing the
gender gap in the workplace. Thus, since the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador of
2008, a series of principles and mechanisms have been established to make equality
between men and women effective, which in turn allowed the incorporation of the
gender approach in government plans and in the development of new policies.
legislation

In article 331 it determines that: “The State will guarantee women equal access to
employment, training and job and professional promotion, equitable remuneration and
the initiative for self-employment…” (Ecuador; 2008) .

Thanks to the gender equality that exists today in our country, we can see the
participation of women in different areas, such as politics, education, work, etc.
Currently, women, like men, have the same benefits, they have access to social services.
security, free medical care, they enjoy the same opportunities in the business sector,
there have been women who have stood out and have even occupied the highest
positions in the company.

Topic 2: Drug use should be treated as a mental health issue rather than a criminal
offense
Renato’s part
The approach to drug use and addiction has evolved over the years. One compelling
argument is that drug use should be treated as a mental health issue rather than a
criminal offense. This shift in perspective has gained support from various quarters for
good reason.
First and foremost, treating drug use as a mental health issue acknowledges that
substance abuse often stems from underlying psychological, emotional, or social
problems. Instead of simply punishing individuals, it seeks to understand the root causes
of addiction and addresses them. By doing so, we can offer individuals the help they
need to break the cycle of addiction.
Furthermore, a health-centered approach to drug use can significantly reduce the burden
on the criminal justice system. Incarcerating individuals for drug-related offenses is
costly and often ineffective. By focusing on rehabilitation and treatment instead of
punishment, we can redirect resources to more productive avenues, such as mental
health programs and addiction treatment centers.
Additionally, this approach reduces the stigma associated with drug addiction. When
drug use is seen as a crime, those struggling with addiction are often marginalized and
pushed further into the shadows. A mental health approach encourages individuals to
seek help without fear of legal consequences, which can lead to earlier interventions and
better outcomes.
In conclusion, treating drug use as a mental health issue rather than a criminal offense
offers a more compassionate and effective approach to tackling the problem of
addiction. It addresses the root causes, reduces the burden on the criminal justice
system, and diminishes the stigma surrounding addiction. Ultimately, it is a path
towards helping individuals break free from the cycle of substance abuse.
Anthony’s part
It is inevitable to deny the negative effect of drug use. People who consume these
substances on a daily basis suffer both physical and psychological consequences. There
are many causes that lead people to try drugs. We can mention some of them: social
acceptance, family disintegration, people who are the object of ridicule and persecution,
anxiety, emotional crisis, etc.
More than a criminal offense, it is a person seriously affected by a mental illness. It is
therefore unfair to treat these people as criminals when they are dependent on these
substances. Drug use in most countries is severely punished. Many drug addicts have to
face long prison stays and this in most cases worsens the situation. A study carried out
in the United States shows that a long stay in prison increases the chances of an
overdose when the person has been addicted to some type of drug. In other words,
people who have been in prison and have not used drugs for a long time are at risk of
suffering an overdose because they lose their tolerance to drugs. The consequences are
much more severe when the person was addicted to opioids such as fentanyl before
entering prison.
It can be said that people who go to prison for drug use suffer an ineffective punishment
as they may end up in a worse state than when they entered prison. The government
should implement rehabilitation programs for these people instead of depriving them of
their liberty. It is about supporting them in order to reduce overdose deaths.
Gabriela’s part

The different forms in which drug consumption occurs do not necessarily represent
problematic drug use, such as criminal phenomena, family disintegration, academic or
work disengagement, development of mental illnesses, transmission of infectious
diseases, intoxication and death, since the Consumption can occur experimentally,
occasionally, habitually or compulsively.

Drugs in their different manifestations have invaded our environment. It is a multi-

faceted phenomenon that includes the stages of production, trafficking, distribution,
consumption and dependency; They affect all population groups and have important
implications for the nation's public health.

Therefore drug addiction should be treated as such as a mental health problem, not with
jail, since this would cost the state thousands of dollars and they will not find
improvement. Governments should focus on creating more rehabilitation centers where
support and help are provided to these people to end the problem. Furthermore, to put
an end to this addiction problem, young people or people who use should be encouraged
to stop doing so because they are destroying their lives so that they feel confident in
asking for help at support centers.

Finally, in most countries in the world this problem exists, although in some there are
severe punishments and sanctions, in others they are placed in specialized centers to
treat these problems so they can reintegrate into society. If drugs are treated as a mental
health problem, that is to say that everything is about the mind or the person's ability to
benefit society, for this reason it should not be considered a crime since currently in our
country it is not penalized. be a consumer, so they should not go to prison but receive
treatment to treat addiction to this type of substance

Topic 3: Should human cloning be legalized?

Renato’s part
The prospect of legalizing human cloning is a contentious issue that warrants careful
consideration. While there are potential benefits to this technology, it also raises
significant ethical concerns that cannot be ignored.
Proponents argue that legalizing human cloning can have several advantages, including
the ability to produce stem cells for medical research and therapy, the potential for
genetic reproduction in cases of infertility, and the possibility of cloning specific tissues
or organs for transplantation. These applications could significantly advance the field of
medicine and improve the quality of life for many individuals.
However, it is essential to acknowledge the ethical dilemmas that human cloning
presents. Cloning raises questions about individuality, identity, and the potential for
exploitation. Creating genetically identical individuals could lead to a devaluation of the
uniqueness of human beings and the potential for unethical practices, such as
reproductive cloning for commercial purposes or the creation of clones for organ
harvesting.
Another concern is the potential for unintended consequences. The long-term effects of
cloning on the cloned individuals themselves and society at large are not fully
understood. We must proceed with caution, as unforeseen consequences could emerge.
In conclusion, the debate over legalizing human cloning is complex. While there are
potential medical benefits, ethical concerns regarding individuality, exploitation, and
unforeseen consequences must be carefully considered. Any decision to legalize human
cloning should be made with a comprehensive understanding of the potential risks and
benefits, guided by a strong ethical framework to ensure the responsible use of this
technology.
Anthony’s part

Decades ago cloning was seen as science fiction and people believed it was impossible,
but at the end of the 20th century a group of scientists succeeded in cloning a sheep.
Since then cloning has become a topic of controversy. Thanks to advances in
biotechnology and genetics, studies have been developed that come closer to the reality
of cloning humans.

There are many points in favor of legalizing human cloning. One of them is the
infertility of women. Although there are other methods to have children such as
surrogate pregnancies or adoptions there is nothing better than a child of your own
blood. Many couples struggle with this problem and see in cloning a way out to have a
biological child.

There are also cases of single people who do not want to have a partner but do want a
child and who see in cloning a way to fulfill their dream of becoming parents. It is also
important to highlight the homosexual marriages that wish to have children in this way.
This was unthinkable some time ago, but advances in genetics have shown that this can
be achieved very soon.

Human cloning should definitely be legalized as it will benefit many couples who want
to start a family and those single people who dream of having a child. In addition, the
legalization of this practice will allow scientists to improve this field of biotechnology.

Gabriela’s part

Although it is true, biotechnology has advanced a lot in the real world, which has
allowed human cloning, which is currently illegal. Although in some states they do it,
according to several scientists, cloning has its advantages because it allows the creation
of stem cells and through them cure incurable diseases by creating new organs and
tissues and this would contribute to increasing life expectancy and quality of life in the
country. world.

We think that human cloning should not be allowed in any state since everything has its
end, however if it became legal some people who have enough money could use it for
their own purpose rather than for medicine. Since it can be used for different reasons,
cloning is a technique that has not yet been fully proven whether it works or not,
whether it gives positive or negative results.

It is a very extensive and complex topic that has been put up for debate, as it is known
that it can be used for health, to create other humans from embryos, it may have
consequences in the future, but it must be a topic treated in depth and before Making a
decision about whether to allow or legalize human cloning requires examining its
advantages and disadvantages. Despite everything, human cloning has been seen by
some presidents and scientists as crazy, however others agree.

To conclude, The problem is not that it cannot be cloned because it has already been
done with animals that even though they have not given good results, humans can be
cloned, the problem focuses on whether the governments of different countries should
legalize it or not, still remains in dispute.