CW: Math in Digital

Communications (Codes)
Epifanio, Krizzie Urielle R.
Villavert, Maria Jevesha E.
Yu, Don Calvin S.

Coding Theory
➔ Deals with the design of error-correcting codes for the
reliable transmission of information across noisy channels
➔ The theory of error-correcting codes

Application:
➔ Transmission of pictures from distant space
➔ Quality of sound in CDs
➔ Establishment of computer networks
➔ Communication through telephone lines
➔ Messaging through wireless communication

The ​Main Goal of the Coding Theory is to detect, or even

correct, errors

➔ Error detection - Improve the reliability of digital

communication by devising methods that enable the receiver
to decide whether there have been errors during the
transmission.

➔ Error correction - If possible, to recover the original

message.
Simple Codes

1. Parity Code ​is the simplest form of error detection. A

single bit is appended to a bit string. There are two types
of parity which are odd and even parity.

➔ Even parity- number 1’s in

it is even

➔ Odd parity- number of 1’s

➔ in its odd

Illustration:

2. Repetition Code ​is the simplest possible error-correcting

code. It uses the process of majority decoding in which in
each block of 5 letters, the original letter is the one
that appears the most frequently in the block.

Illustration:
 3.Hamming Code H(7,4) ​is a single error-correcting code.

Illustration:

Minimum Distance ​is the smallest distance of a code between

any two distinct codewords in the code. This method of decoding
uses the closest amount of hamming distance with the notation
d(C).
Error Detection and Error Correction Capability of a
Code allows the decoder to identify how much the minimum
distance can detect, and correct.

Claude Shannon is the author of “A

Mathematical Theory of Communication” that gave
birth to the information theory, commonly known
today as coding theory. Shannon published the
theoretical foundation of the said theory is
also credited for the idea of using redundancy
to add reliability to information.

Richard Hamming ​was the first to actually

construct and implement error-correcting codes.
his research included work in the areas of
coding theory, numerical methods, statistics,
and digital filtering.