Introduction Art Appreciation as a course under the new GE Curriculum aims aflifitensifyime (Cites aleve Sean passion in Wie SAMA TAGAARFIER. Tn continuation to the subject Contemporary Arts in the Senior High School Level, the foremost emphasis of the course is on thelBeanty laid |iaidenr Of PhIippiae)Arts giving much focus on the local arts in the country which are somehow seen and presented as at par with the artistic presentations and sense of artists in the global context. The module gives emphasis on basic lessons in the course as reflected from the presented topics in the Table of Contents. It started with the introduction of Humanities and the Arts then slowly shifted to the more personal aspects such as analyzing the subject of an artwork and the way it has been presented to its viewer. Furthermore, the module focused on the artist and the mediums he uses in creating his art work as well as, ‘the elements and principles of art implored in the produced works of art. Art history has also been tackled as well as the famous Filipino and foreign personalities who have contributed a lot to the arts locally and abroad. The last part of the module dealt with, modern and contemporary art production means such as art fusion, transereation. soul- making, appropriation and improvisation in various art forms. The module has been divided into six units with the content patterned to the Art Appreciation syllabus approved by the Commission on Higher Edueation (CHED). To escalate students’ enthusiasm in engaging themselves to the course’s purpose of creation, colorful visuals were presented inside the module. Outcomes based challenges per lesson for each unit were provided for the students’ enjoyment and leaming. An Art Portfolio at the end of the course is required of students to submit so that they somehow know the progress of their growth in the course taken, With the creation of this module, it is hoped thet the desire of students to not just embrace the essentials of their fields of specialization be enhanced as the course would want the students to sealize that a deep appreciation and understanding of the arts is also an important aspect of studeat life.Unit 1 ‘Humanities and the Arts This unit shall give you a run through an overview of the Humanities and the significance of the Arts as an important aspect of being human. Here, the basics of art appreciation shall be discussed which will further enhance the learner's orientation on the significant role of humanities and the arts in one’s culture and the society in general. Learning Objectives: 1 Define Humanities and the Arts 2. Reflect on the contributions of humanities and the arts to people, culture and society. 3. Relate Acts and Humanities to Philosophy 4, Identify and give meaning to the different art forms 5. Review on the importance of the study of the Arts and art appreciation 6. Appreciate the contributions of the Arts to oneself. Lesson 1 - Humanities and the Arts ian is the measure of all things. Protagoras ‘What is Humanities? an Tn the Renaissance, the term contrasted with divinity and referred to what is now called classics, the main area of secular study in universities at the time. Today, the humanities are more frequently contrasted with natural, and sometimes social sciences. as swell as professional taining. The humanities use methods that are primarily eritical, or @BSeWSHVS) and have a significant historical element as distinguished from the mainlyGiipitieal/ approaches of ‘the natural sciences, yet, unlike the sciences, it has no central discipline. The humanities include the study of ancient and modem Ianguages, literature. philosophy, history. archeology. anthropology. human geography, law, politics, religion and art. " Scholare in the hmmaniies are "humanity scholos ot humanist ‘The tera: "hemanist” also deseribes the philosophical position of humanism, which some “anti-humanist" scholars in the humanities reject. The Renaissance scholars and artists were also called humanists. Some secondary schools offer humanities classes usually consisting of literature, global studies and art. Human disciplines like history, folkloristies, and cultural anthropology study subject matters that the manipulative experimental method does not apply to—and instead mainly use the comparative method and comparative research. The study of humanities may also be attributed to thellSjmimietigpand balance discussed by the art picce known as the Vitruvian Man of Leonardo da Vinci. This image demonstiates the blend of mathematics and art during the Renaissance and demonstrates Leonardo's deep understanding of proportions. In addition, this picture represents a comerstone of Leonardo’s attempts to relate man to nstuse. Encyclopedia Britannicaonline states, "Leonardo envisaged the great picture chart of the human body he had produced through his anatomical drawings and Vitruvian Man as a cosmografia del minor mondo (cosmography of the microcosm). He believed the workings of the human body to be an analogy for the workings of the universe." According to Leonardo's preview in the accompanying text, written in mirror writing, it was made as a study of the proportions of the (male) human body as described in Vitruvius’ De architectura. (hinps://en.wikipedia.orgAviki/Eumanities) Image of the Vitruvian Man (widewalls.ch/google images) Why Study Humanities? A lot of reasons had been associated as to why one must study Humanities, The following items are just a few of the mony reesons why one must engage and be interested in Humanities: As the word humanities came from the Latin “humanus” which means humen, cultured ond refined, man is teught to be as what the term exactly means: being cultured and refined: Humans have the characteristics of sationality. benevolence and care. he is cultured and refined as shown by good tastes and manner indicative of good and proper edueationHumanities contains the records of man’s quest for answers to the fundamental questions he asks himself and about the world we live in Humanities studies man and the manner in which he conduets himself from the time of his existence to the present (Martin & Jacobus, 2004) Humanities is composed of academic disciplines that make it distinctive in both content and method from the physical and biological sciences and from the social seiences The study of Humanities is devoted to understanding the different phenomena within the human cultural contexts Humanities studies how people process and document the human experience using philosophy, religion, literature, art and history as their way of understanding and secording the world Humanities studies how individuals’ manner of expression varies as they record human experiences and how the way of documenting these forms a connection between and among humans of the past, present and future. Fundamental Principles of Humanities The following are identified fundamental principles of Humanities which are used as guides for 9 better understanding of life and man’s existence. 1, Human nature is inherently good. 2. Individuals are free and are capable of making choices. 3. Human potential for growth and development is virtually unlimited. 4, Self-concept plays an impostant sole in growth and development. 5. Individuals have an urge for self actualization 6. Reality is defined by each person. 7. Individuals have a responsibility to both themselves and to others. Avt Explained Other activities related to the production of works of art include the criticism of art, the study of the history of art, and the aesthetic dissemination[clarification needed of art. "as intetzctive media, are included in @ broader definition of the ars. Until the 17h century, artreferred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences. In modem usage after the 17th century, where aesthetic considerations are paramount. the fine arts are separated and distinguished from acquired skills in general, such as the decorative or applied arts. Though the definition of what constitutes art is disputed and has changed over time. general descriptions mention an idea of imaginative or technical skill stemming fromhumen agency and creation. The nature of art and selated concepts, such as creativity and interpretation, are explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.Nature of the Arts The following are identified natures of the Arts from the point of view of different astists and philosophers: _ bymaa (wikipedia) 3: It refers to the skillful arrangement or composition of some common but significant ualitics of nat powerfully in a world increasingly aware of its successes and failures 6. [tis 7. Art See provide specially when people understand them Functions of Art ‘Arts is a much needed avenue for people to: 1. Express freely oneself: 2. Socially express his need for displ: 3. Physi The Forms of Art Differentiated The matrix below shows the difference of the art forms as identified: Functional art forms ‘non- fictional art formas (the need to express aesthetics and beauty) ‘Architecture weaving, fumiture-making ‘painting, sculpture, literature. ‘music, dance and theater | Functional Art Forms are those which may benefit the eause of man’s existence. They are art forms which give people sustenance as to need for life to be better. This benefit is mostly financial in nature. Funetional art is generally applied art - art created for use. not necessarily everyday use, but designed to serve a purpose and with an aesthetic in mind. T's art that serves 2 fimetion, but is designed artistically for the purpose of beauty, They meet a need for use, and are works ofartas well (nww.quora.com)The following example art pieces below are just a few of those which may be considered funetional art forms. andreadavis-become.com (google images) _brabbu.com (google images) Examples of Functional Art Forms ‘Non-functional art forms, on the other hand, Nonfunetional art is art that serves no utilit n purpose. It is in direct contrast with fimctional art, which has both an aesthetic value and a utilitarian purpose. Nonfunctional art also encompasses paintings. sculptures and all manner of fine art. These pieces usually seek to engage with the viewer on an intellectual, emotional or rather than their utilitarian merits, determines the artworks’ worth. (reference.com) sthetic level, The exploration of these sensibilities. julsporiery.com (google images) slideshare.com (google images) Examples of Non-functional art formsLesson 2 - Arts and Philosophy Philosophy and Arts Related "Philosophy is a field of discipline which has attempted hilosophy is the study of Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. The term was probably coined by Pythagoras. _ Art or Acstheties, on the other hand, is the study of beauty and taste, concemed with the nature of art and used as a basis for interpreting and evaluating individual works of art. It is a branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of beauty and taste, as well as the philosophy of art. It examines subjective and sensori-emotional values. or sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste. “Philosophy of art is the I is closely selated to aesthetics, ‘the philosophical study of beauty and taste. In short, one cannot do away with philosophy when explaining an art work. Also, one cannot produce an artwork without considering the importance of the philosophy behind its production. (wikipedtia.com) Below is an example of an art form entitled “ Art is a Friendly Deception” that combines bot art and philosophy. ‘medium. com (google images)The Artistic Philosophers The following are just a few of the philosophers whose advocacies not only focused on the philosophic ideas but also shared a few of their conceptions about the Arts. 428 - 347 BC He loved and hated the arts at the same time which makes his philosophical views on art unexplainably complicated. With the Republic being his work, Plato was seen as a good literary stylist and great story teller and considered the arts as threatening. He believed that “ though arts can be used to train citizens to have an ideal society, using arts to accomplish this should be strictly controlled”. He also explained that the physical world is a copy of a perfect. rational, etemal and changeless original which he called FORMS. Plato's Ideas of the Arts may be summed up by the truths according to him that: 1. Artis imitation: 2. Art is dangerous. (google images) Beauty. Justice. and The Circle are all examples of what Plato called Forms or Ideas, Other philosophers have called them Universals. Many particular things can have the form of a circle. or of justice. or beauty. For Plato, these Forms are perfect Ideals. but they are also more real than physical objects. He celled them "the Really Real”, The world of the Forms is rational and unchanging: the world of physical appearances is changeable and irrational, and only has reality to the extent thot it succeeds in imitating the Forms, The mind or soul belongs to the Ideal world: the body and its passions are stuck in the muck of the physical world. So the best human life is one that strives to understand and to imitate the Forms 2s closely as possible. That life is the life of the mind, the life of the Philosopher (literally. the lover of wisdom). Self control. especially conttol of the passions, is essential to the soul that wants to avoid the temptations of sensuality. greed, and ambition, and move on to the Ideal World in the next life (wikipedia.com)38: 322 BO) ‘or him, the universal elements of beauty are manifested by order, symmetry and definiteness. As exemplified in his Poeties, he stated that physical manifestation of beauty is affected by SIZE. He considered art as imitation or a representation of nature and his emphasis of the art is on POETRY which for him is more philosophical than Philosophy itself. An image of Aristotle’s Poetics (google images) Poets imitated the following according to Aristotle: 1. Things and events which have been or stil are: 2. Things which are said to be seen and are probable and 3. Things which essentially are. 1804) is main interest was not on art but on BEAUTY that it is 9 matter of TASTE. Kant explained that TASTE can be both SUBJECTIVE and UNIVERSAL. For KANT. beauty is a question of form and color is NOT IMPORTANT.3. Immanuel Kant (1724 — 1804) was a German, Enlightenment philosopher who wrote a treatise on Aesthetics: Observations on the Feelings of the Beoutiful and the Sublime. His main interest was not on art but on BEAUTY that it is a matter of TASTE. Kant explained that TASTE ean be both SUBJECTIVE and UNIVERSAL. For KANT, beauty is a question of form and color is NOT IMPORTANT. The Kinds of Aesthetic Responses according to Kant are: i Beauty results in pleasure if there is order, harmony and symmetry: and 2. Beauty leads to a response of avve that overwhelms the viewers of the art. Pinterest.com (google images) Kant’s Philosophy of the Mind as explained through Arts Artists vs. Artisans GquEEEDT common usage in both everyday speech and academi iscourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only. The tem is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors). "Artiste" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context: this use is becoming rare, Use of the term to deseribe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism. (nnrwavikipedia.com) The following are a few examples of artists in their fields of expertise:RYAN CAYABYAB (NATIONAL ARIST FOR MUSIC @ Mar 195) Ryan Cayabyab, A National Artist of the Philippines for Music (ncaa.gov.ph)tools or even mechanisms such as the handmade clockwork movement of a watchmaker. Artisans practice o craft and may through experience and aptitude reach the expressive levels of an artist. The adjective "artisanal" is sometimes used in describing hand- processing in what is usually viewed as an industrial process, such as in the phrase artisanal mining. Thus, "artisanal" is sometimes used in marketing and advertising as 9 buzz word to deseribe or imply some relation with the crafting of handmade food prodncts, such as bread, beverages or cheese. Many of these have traditionally been handmade, sural or pastoral goods but are also now commonly made on a larger scale with automated mechanization in factories and other industrial ereas. Astisans were the dominant producers of consumer products before the Industrial Revolution. In ancient Greece, artisans were drawn to agoras and often built workshops nearby. Below are a few images of artisans doing their cxafis: Sources: pinterest.com, slideshare.com and devex.com (google images)Here is a Venn Diagram which features the similarities and differences of artists and artisans. ARTIST VS ARTISAN source:scribd.com (google images)The Art Forms The arts refers to the theory, human application and physical expression ofcreativity found in fmuman cultures and societies through skills and imagination in order to produce objects, environments and experiences. Major constituents of the arts include visual arts (including architecture, ceramics, drawing. filmmaking. painting, photography ond sculpting), literature (including fiction. drama, poetry. and prose), and performing arts (including dance, music and thester), culinary arts (including cooking, chocolate making and winemaking). Some art forms combine a visual element with _ performance (cg. cinematography), or artwork with the written word (cg. comics). From prehistoric eave paintings to modern-day films, art serves as a vessel for storytelling and conveying humankind's relationship with the environment. (iwikipedia.com) One’s self expression especially when inclined with arts may take various forms depending on the expertise and artistic inclinations of an artist. One may want to express his artistic abilities by way of specific art forms such as painting or dance or a combination of both. One may express oneself through other forms as music. sculpture, literature or all of three combined. Whatever form of ast one may use in expressing oneself, what is important is thet his self expression and orestivity are explicit. The following items below are the ast forms which one may use in order to express his artistic inclinations: lecture. ‘Architecture not only provides worldly needs of shelter, workspace and storage but also represents human ideals in buildings like courthouses and government buildings and manifestations of the spisit in churches and temples. Traditional architecture has survived over thousands of years in one form or another, while contemporary design offers new approaches in how we use materials and technolo, to shape the look of)~— ot —_—environment. Chips: /courses.Jumenlearning. com/sac-artappreciation/chapter/oer-1-27/)Achitectare is considered 2s she most finotonal of all the art forms) Some examples of architectural works are The Malacanang Palace. the Philippines’ seat of government. The Cultural Center of the Philippines, the center of cultural activities of the country and Busj Khalifa, the highest skyscraper in the United Arab Emirates to name a few ‘The Cultural Center of the Philippines Source: blueprint.onemega.com (google images) Burj Khalifa Source: boondam.com (google images) 2. Sculpture. rhe designs may be embodied in ficestanding objects.in seliefs on surfaces, or in environments sanging from tableaux to contexts that envelop the spectator, An enormous variety of media may be used. including clay. wax, stone. metal, fabric, glass, wood, plaster, rubber, and random “found” objects. Materials may be carved. modeled, molded, cast, wrought, welded, sewn, assembled, or otherwise shaped and combined. (hmps./Aeww.britannica.com/art/sculprre) Some example of sculptures are the following: The Jose Rizal Monument in Rizal Park, the University of the Philippines Oblation in ell UP cempuses around the Philippines and the Black Nazarene in the Minor Basilica of the Black Nazarene in Quiapo district, Manila. Philippines The Rizal Monument Source: contmons.wikimedia.org (google images) / i 4 a El aa f C The UP Oblation The Blac Source: editoriall01. blogspot.com Source: en.wikipedia.org Nazarene Painting. n ast the term “painting” describes both the act and the sesult. Most painting is created with pigment in liquid form and applied with a brush. Painting as a medium has survived for thousands of years and is, along with drawing and sculpinre, one of the oldest creative media, It's used in some form by cultures around the world, Painting media are extremely versatile because they can be applied to many different surfaces (called supports) including paper. wood. canvas, plaster. clay, lacquer and concrete. (source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/masteryartl/chapter/reading- painting) Some of the examples of this two-dimentional art form are Juan Luna’sSpolarium, Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinei and The Fishermen by Ang Kiukok smong others. Spolarium by Juan Luna Source: news.abs-cbn.com (google images)Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinei Source: brizannica.com (google images) ance is a powerful impulse, but the art f dance is that impulse channel performers into something that becomes intensely expressive and that may delight spectators who feel no wish to dance themselves. These two concepts of the art of danee—dance as a powerful impulse and dance as a skillfully choreographed ast practiced largely by a professional few—are the ‘two most important connecting ideas running through any consideration of the subject. In dance, the connection between the two concepts is stronger than in some other arts, and neither can exist without the other. dance is an art form or activity that utilizes the body and the range of + movement of which the body is capable. Ghitps:/hwww britannica,com/art/dance) ‘Some of the examples of this art form are the folk dances of the Philippines like Tinikling and Subli, ballet, and modem dances to name a few.Subli Folk Dance Source: choosephilippines.com google images) Modern Hip Hop Dance Source: datebook.sfehronicle.com (google images)$. Music, Muse is amart form, and cultural activity, whose medium is sound. — General definitions of music include common elements such as piteh (which govems melody and harmony), rhythm (and its assosiated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and sofiness). and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound) Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping: there are solely instrumental pieces. solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments. (ovikipedia) Some of the examples which may be associated with music are the Philippine folk songs and the produced popular musie of Filipino singers like Sarah Geronimo and Gary Valenciano to name a few fe lag ~ “Transition Composer" Source: acimusicguide. wordpress.com (google images) The performers may communicate this experience to the audience through combinations of gesture, speech, song, music, and dance, Elements of art, such as painted scenery and stagecraft such as lighting are used to enhance the physicality, presence and immediacy of the experience. The specific place of the performance is also named by the word "theatre" as detived from the Ancient Greek théatron. "a place for viewing”, itself from theaomai, "to " to observe". Modem theatre includes performances sec", "to. watch’ of plays and musical theatre. The art forms of ballet and opera are also theatre and use many conventions such as acting. costumes and staging. They were influential to thedevelopment ofmusical theatre; see those articles for more _ information. (ittps:(/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatre) Some examples of theatrical presentations are the following: Shakespeare’s Midsummer Night's Dream and Romeo and Juliet, Victor Hugo's Les Miserables and the local theatrical presentations of Noli Me Tangere and chosen zarzuelas and moro-moro performances DUtencealeinel Plays of William Shakespeare Sources: theatre colostate.edu and pa.marin.edu7. Literature. Literature, most generically. is any body or collection of written work. More restrictively. literature refers to writing considered to be an art form or any single writing deemed to have artistic or intellectual value, and sometimes deploys language in ways that differ from ordinary usage. Literature is classified according to whether it isfiction ornonfiction, and whether it ispostry or prose. Fiction can be further distinguished according to major forms such 2s the novel, short story, or drama: and such works are often categorized according to historical periods or their adherence to certain aesthetic or genre. (hitps://en.wikipedia.orghwiki/Literature) Literature may be in any form such as poetry. novel, short story, essay. epic and legends among others, Literature may be oral or written and are also sometimes meant to be performed before an audience. Some exmaples of this literary pieces are The Woman Who Had Two Navels by Nick Joaquin, Po-on by F. Sionil Jose, Myths, Legends and Folktales by Maximo D. Ramos and Stupid is Forever by the late Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago. Te meee UNL) STII JOAQUIN | The art forms may be classified as visual arts and performing arts. Visual arts are those which are felt by the senses which includes sculpture, painting and architecture.Music, Dance and Theater are under the performance arts category. Literature may be ‘visual or performance depending upon the manner as to how it shall be presented. ‘At present, there are other emerging art forms that have evolved. These art forms are digital arts which includes photography and installation atts, Appreciating the Arts The previous pages of this module have given you a rundown of the basics of art appreciation and the key points as to how one will be keen in understanding a certain artwork or other forms of artistic presentation. The sim of making the students leam to appreciate the arts is primarily to get the learner an engaging selationship with a particular art work and for one to understand the meaning behind an artistic creation, the messages that it would want to convey to its viewers and to appreciate one’s product of art should one will be compelled to produce or make one. In so doing, here are a few pointers as to how art appreciation may be applied by a learner of the course as takeaways from learn.saylor.org/course: 1. Give a good physical description of the artwork based on their knowledge of art elements and materials: 2. Analyze the artwork in terms of what the artist wants his work to represent and the learner's subjective reaction to the works which includes their thoughts and feelings: 3. Peroeive the art work in the context of its history. This would enlighten the Ieamers of the artist’s intention in doing the work and add to the understanding of the meaning the work is supposed to convey: 4. Give meaning to the artwork based on its description, analysis and context; and 5. Judge the artwork as to whether it is good or bad based on the leamer’s perception of it and its aesthetic and cultural value. Art is not meant to be looked at only for what itis. It is meant to stimulate thought because it allows viewers to drew their own emotions and pull from their personal experiences when viewed. It is very powerful in this way and it naturally develops critical and innovative thinking skills. Ast also teaches many important qualities such as listening, observing and responding to multiple perspectives. Having an appreciation for art also helps us to develop an appreciation for each other and how we are all unique in our own way. For many people. art is meant to express something that we ourselves feel unable to express or convey. Through its visual medium it evokes feelings of joy, sadness. anger and pain, That is why art appreciation is so important in bringing that one final clement to complete the work, and that is our interpretation. Our perspective brings the artwork to life as it changes for every person around it. Tt is important to foster art appreciation and analysis, as it helps us value the art in how it appeals to us and what it means to each person. It delves into the history and the story behind the art, as well as a look into the lives of the artists. It enables one to critically analyze a work, along lines of design, mastery and techniques. Most importantly, however, art appreciation stimulates thought and analysis, provokes an individual to look past what meets the eye and open our mind to the views of others. Art is here to stay. It is 2 person’s history and legacy which is anultimate proof that his personal experiences can be articulated and his immortality can be defined. (htips:/Avwwv.educationworld.in/the-importance-of art-appreciation/) represent not the outward appearance of things, but their | T The aim of artis to inward significance. ~Aristotle References: Ferrer, Maria Cristina D. et.al, Art Appreciation. Panday Lahi Publishing House, Inc. Sucat, Muntinlupa City. Ramirez, Veronica E., Mairene A. Leynes, Brenda V. Fajardo. (2008). Minding the Arts Art Appreciation for College. Mutya Publishing House Inc. Mandaluyong City. Tabotado, Claudio V. (2010). Art Appreciation Introduction to Humanities. Mindshapers Co., Ine. Manila Tabotado, Claudio V., Ronald M. Corpuz and Ryan F. Hidalgo. (2013). Introduction to Humanities and the Basics of Art Appreciation. Purely Books Trading & Publishing Corp. Manila. ‘Humanities through the Arts [Jacobus, Lee. Mattia, F. David] on Amazon.com. Catherine Adams, Human Communication and Deafness Group. University of ... First published: 28 October 2002. (https://doi.org/10.1111/1469)ttps:/vww. google images.com ttps:!vww.quora.com ttps://en.wikipedia org/wiki/Humanities hhttps://courses lumenleaming.com/sac-artappreciation/chapter/ocr-1-27/ https:/www.britannica.com/art/sculpture hhttps://courses lumenleamning.com/masteryartl /chepter‘reading-painting https://vww-britannica.com/art/dance hntps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatre np: en.wikipedia org/wiki/Literature leam saylor.org/course http: ww.edueationworld in the-importance-of-art-appreciation! https://vww. youtube.com *End of Unit I*