SR eres PRINT eo eee sea peaene | Tes coo’ 02244010 Seen may rv i Anquan FORM TP 2021335 EXAMINATIONS COUNCHL ROFICIENCY EXAMINATION® CARIBREAN CARIBBEAN ADVANCED SOCIOLOGY UNIT 2 = Paper 01 T hour 30 minutes . FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. READ 1 This test consists of 45 items. You will have | hour and 30 minutes to answer them. 2 In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet Do not be concemed that the answer sheet provides spaces for more answers than there are items in this test sted answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item which choice is best. 4. Each item in this test has four su; you are about to answer and decide 1+ which corresponds to your item and shade the space 5. On your answer sheet, find the numbe e sample item below having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at th ‘Sample Iter What is the MOST common method used by governments to collect population data?” Sample Answer (A) Census (B) Statistics (C) Interview (D) Observation ‘The best answer to this item is “Census”, so (A) has been shaded. your new choice: Ifyou want to change your answer, erase it completely before you fill tum the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can. It When you are told to begin, ‘go on to the next one, You may return to that item later ‘you cannot answer an item, 8 You may do any rough work in this booklet. 6, You may use silent, non-programmable calculators to answer items. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. ht © 2019 Caribbean Examinations Council Allrights reserved. (0224401 0/MI/CAPE 20213. Which of the following statements is true of a population census? (A) __Itis conducted every five years. (B) The data are collected at the end of the year. (©) Only a random sample of the Population is counted. [DY iis expected to account for every Person or household. Social developmentis a critical concer for everyone as it Uy forms the foundation for sustainable development Il. is erucial to improve the quality of life for all MIL. is crucial in the fight to eradicate Poverty (A) [and I only (B) Land Ill only @ Mand Il only I, Hand I The dependency ratio is an important measure of a country’s social and economic development. Which of the following ratios will indicate the highest level of development? (G35: 100 (B) 46: 100 © 75: 100 (D) 108: 100 5. In 2008, Country X had a total poputation (F500 000. The total number of births fo that year was 5000. The total number of deaths for that year was 2000. Which of the following was the crud, vel rate (CBR) for "Ts X in 200; (A) 10/100 B) 40/100 10/1000 \ (p) 40/1000 The crude birth rate and crude death rate in a country indicate the (A) real amount of social change (B) number of infant deaths in a yea (C)_ life expectancy of the population @) country’s rate of natural increase Ifa country’s net migration is negative, this indicates a (A) fluctuation in population growth rates natural decrease in the population fall in population growth rates stable population growth rate Which of the following is NOT used as an indicator of development? (A) Level of gender equality AB Size of prison population (©) _ Balance of payment surplus (D) Degree of environmental conserva- tion GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEItem 8 refers to the following diagram Which shows a type of population pyramid. 8. Which of the following governmental policies are LIKELY to be implemented in a country with this type of population pyramid? WV Building more early childhood learning centres (B) Training more home health nurses to provide geriatric care (©) Increased funding of social services for the middle-aged population (D) Redesigning jobs and workplaces to keep older persons active and employed 9, Which of the following statements are true of Malthus’ population theory? 1. Population growth eventually ‘outstrips food supply. Tl. Population grows at an arithmetical rate, IIL. People must practise moral restraint (A) Tand Il only ro Land Ill only Wand Ill only (D) 1, Mandi 02244010/MJ/CAPE 2021 10. i, 1B. the term ‘underdevelopment? is usually associated with (A) dependency on government revenue (B) dependency on foreign goods and (©) lack of natural resources in developing countries [BB_ Ploitation of the resources in Third World countries Dependency theorists argued that devel- oping countries remained poor because of d lack of stable political structures ail exploitation by rich colonial powers (©) failure to develop products for export (D) _ lack of an ideology of social and economic progress According to Thomas Malthus, which of the following is NOT effective in controlling the population of a country? Promoting celibacy and abstinence Increasing state welfare for the poor (©) Decreasing production of agricul- ture (D) Increasing birth control measures among the poor Which of the following population theories stresses the need for planned parenthood? (A) Marxist (B) — Malthusian Neo-Malthusian (D) Demographic transition GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE14, A student remarked to his classmates that labelling theory was elosely related to symbolic interactionism. On which of the following principles was this comparison based? (A) People who are labelled have little society. (B) Agents of socialization control people’s behaviour. RQ. Being labelted helps to shape the individual's self-concept. (D) People’s behaviour is based on their definition of a situation, 15. — Which of the following factors may be considered obstacles to development? 1. Dependence on financial aid Il, Fertility control Ill. High rates of illiteracy (A) Land I only Land II1 only (©) Mand Mil only (D) I. Mand iit 16, Deviance in society is viewed as relative in nature. Which ofthe following statements BEST explains this view? [BJ Behaviour in one society may not be readily accepted in another society. (B) Society's members may not ‘conform to the collective norms (© Criminal behaviour provides employment opportunities (D) Punishment is encouraged to curb further delinquent acts. 0224401 0/MJ/CAPE 2021 17, 18, 19. Emile Durkheim’s insight into deviance indicates that it (A) represents an alternative means of goal attainment [BI develops from anomie and produces social solidarity (©) may result from labelling by others but produces solidarity (D) promotes the ideology of the rich and produces social solidarity Without crime and deviance there would be no change in society and this would result in stagnation. Which of the following, theoretical approaches is BEST reflected in this statement? (A) Marxist (B)— Weberian Functionalist Interactionist Social control is MOST accurately defined as (A) a combination of internal and anes Br ine caecba ica iste COM Sel acto tm encomaee SSeS bation (D) __ the internal factors that constrain chs ayia GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE20. 21. 2. 23, Which of the following is a characteristic of deviance? Deviant acts break the law. Deviance violates standards of conduct, (©) Deviant acts are objectively interpreted Deviant action or behaviour submits to social norms. Nicholas lives in a community, labelled a high a, where he is able to learn crim Which ofthe following theorists claim that such behaviour is learned from eriminals in the community? (A) Marx and Lemert (B) Cohen and Merton (C)__ Becker and Lea and Young (GOI Sutherland and Cloward and Ohlin Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an instrument of ideological control? [ag ten Formal institutions implement mechanisms to regulate the behaviour of individuals. Which of the following BEST illustrates this position? (A) The school rewards students for hard work. (B) _ Institutions place negative sanctions on individuals. (©) _ Gestures and symbols are used to control behaviour. The legal system implements laws to control behaviour. 0224401 0/MI/CAPE 2021 24. 26. Which of the following statements is related to sanctions? Sanetions can arise from informal control rather than from formal control (B) Sanctions are by definition negative and therefore undermine conformity (0) (A) Sanetions attempt to regulate an individual's behaviour and maintain social control, Sanctions discourage interaction nd exchange, the foundation of a functioning society Which of the following statements is associated with the Marxist theory of crime? (A) _ Delinquent subcultures emerge when juveniles band together to form gangs. (B) Some crime is necessary for the survival of the social system. (©) Criminal behaviour is linked to personality and intelligence. Most laws concern the protection of private property. Criminal behaviour results from 2 person being denied access to legitimate means of attaining material goods, whilst hav access to illegitimate means of attaini these goods. With which of the following theories is this view associated? (A) Attribution theory (B) Labelling theory 0 Social control theory Differential opportunity theory GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE6 27. Keisha works for w travel agency, She 28. — John Sin sold a travel package to a retired women’s a drug addiet who lives on the streets of group, Upon their arrival at the destinat is only 14 years old, but he is Kenton. the group had to pay fees that were a surprise to them This situation BEST represents Robert Merton's mode of laptation referred to a Keisha’s act ean BEST be deseribed as (A) ritualisen fraud retreatism (BY forgery (C) innovation (©) are (D) conformity (D)—_robby ‘em.29 refers to the following diagram which shows the per during the years 1970-2000. ind women in prison Percentages (%) 10. Men 08 06 04 o: Women 19701980 19902000 Years 29. Which of the following factors MOST likely accounts for the trend in the diagram above? ™ sexier places fewer constraints on women. (B) Women are more likely to commit violent crimes. (©) Overtime, fewer women are being found guilty of serious crimes, (D) Men who have been poorly socialized are more likely to commit serious erimes. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02244010/MJ/CAPE 202130. 3 33. Which of the following factors is LESS likely to lead to a decrease in domestic violen: (A) Male underachievement in schools (B) Societal perceptions of male superiority (© Greater opportunity for female upward mobility Increase inv sextial harassment in the workplace Which of the following is NOT a type of poverty? (A) Cyclical (B) Relative Seasonal Objective Which of the following statements is MOST likely to be the view of a conflict theorist (A) A culture of poverty encourages poverty. (B) The state does much to eliminate poverty. (©) Poverty is the result of individual inadequacy. The state must reallocate resources from the wealthy to the poor The concept of the ‘culture of poverty’ was developed by Karl Marx Oscar Lewis (C) Herbert Gans (D) Arthur Lewis 02244010/MJ/CAPE 2021 M 36. 37. Which of the following perspectives fthe the failure that poverty results fro (6 nflocate resources equitably’? state t Marxist (8) Functionalism (C)__ Interactionism (D) — Neosfunctionalis Researchers contend that the behaviour of the poor is not culturally ingrained but rather is determined by ‘situational Which of the following factors can be described as a situationa Seasonal employment Material deprivation Cultural deprivation Underemployment © ©) ‘According to Herbert Gans’ funetionalist theory, (A) _ poverty results from the state's inability to allocate resources equitably (@) poverty persists because it is ‘beneficial to certain groups in society (©) the poor are concemed only with immediate gratification (D) the poor are dependent on the welfare of the state Which of the following activities is NOT likely to lead to climate change? (A) Clearing forests (B)_ Driving to work Growing plants, Using organic fuel (Dd) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEae JM, Which of the following is an indicator of the quality of a health care system in a particular country? A Crude birth rate 13) Infant mortality rate (©) Inward migration mie (D) Outward migration rate 39 According to the culture of poverty theory, (A) poverty persists because it is beneficial to certain poor and affluent groups in society (B) poverty results from the state's inability to allocate resources equitably IR the poor take their condition for granted and seldom try to change (D) the poor are dependent on the welfare of the state 40. Which of the following is the MO: accurate statement about the contribution of sociology to an understanding of poverty? (A) It states that poverty cannot be measured, (B) It explains why poverty occurs among individuals, WD i explains why poverty persists among specific groups, (D) It helps us appreciate the government’s role in poverty reduction, (0224401 0/MS/CAPE 2021 7 A 42, 43. Which of the following factors will MOST likely contribute to the feminization of poverty? WE Wage disparities between the sexe (B) Mutual involvement in child-rearing activities (C) Increased incidence of two-parent households (D) Equality in wages and other economic benefits Intervention strategies to reduce poverty and inequity in the Caribbean include J. conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes Ml. early childhood development ECD) projects JM, micro-credit and insurance initia- tives (A) land {only (B) Land JM only (C) and {11 only I, Wand tit Poor people derive the LEAST benefit from the health care system because of (A) genetic factors affecting the poor (B) discrimination by the middle class the diet and living conditions of the poor (D) technological changes in the health care system GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE44. Theprocess whereby non-medical problems 48, become treated and defined as illnesses or disorders is known as. Which of the follow why the poverty Measuring absolute ing accurately describes ine is employed in poverty? A de-medicalization (A) Itis objective in nature. rey medicalization 13) this stibjective in nature (©) stigmatization <> Itplaces emphasis on the impact of (D) labelling Poverty, (D) It places emphasis on the severity of poverty.