® SOUTHERN CABLE © HANDLING AND INSTALLATION OF CABLES TECHNICAL DATA AND FORMULATIONSTECHNICAL DATA & FORMULATIONS CU AND AL EQUIVALENT SIZE COMPARISON CU ANO AL EQUWALENT SE COMPARISON PYCIPVC SURURCASWAPUOAL NL PESCTIPC vet | 6 2 rp] iouge De] egw | ene | | Nam]. oe sae) nee Gre | condiaor [OAR NGL) Eaten | “Sess, | | Com [cari] opts, | Oops. | Coren" | ‘Com setiga | ERE" | contr | cnc [nStetlan| seins | | Sa | Bit” | Rit | SR] | ac eet | Sale nae SR | | Seat] Gals At | feels ee mae | | concr| “Rt a 18 a 2 fee 2 s 0 3 40 42 7 6 2s [ss [ee [es ee ee a TT ef ea 8 oe [me [om [om | a [rm [aaa | ass [ae [an] [os | om | oe | om | om | te se [ast oar fee fest Liss] eee pee sa[ ss ass [eas [ses | sn] | ao | eo | ox | om | ow | ow [ext {oze [ ot [cas |e | ono | coo | ores | 0 | cos | Taian ares qrvrocreces tase one ooacrsion Trae at cana acne ene Piswaatortee re Beaman 3 ieee ety erent ance Tc Semeiaeranen eases Sees fo SJR tc tg rower rc Sibspessnc orice Sts CU AND AL EQUVALENT SZE COMPARISON HLPEPYC weomsaees | Seantecee | Ye goo Jeong cern] tone Sedgihes | Seong | "oe | Wo ares) Sasa 2 conto | coriccr | nttor | SKC ‘o x 40 a 2 ri rm 8 20 27 a a % rm ir ome ve 7 ‘0 m7 oat om «a 20 2 = oz oz ot = a me oo on oH oe ea 78 os a) 2 v0 ese eee po eae eal www.southerncable.com,my \ {tin re moras twa nn fw Gnas fe ee ea tocar om rao cain sn nen Serpe ca mae fa we wae ee oc cee oats[TECHNICAL DATA & FORMULATIONS ALLOWABLE SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT FOR PVC INSULATED COPPER CABLES 100 y » A A : fen oe eal a eee 20 vt _— | = Short circuit current (KA) A= Conductor area (mm*) t= Time of short circuit (seconds) 2. \wnu-southerncable.com.my ‘Sse Use eve shiner eau te uy aeons Fe aretha nara ress naa ean ee ‘Srpeair anc Sct nag woo anita i _TECHNICAL DATA & FORMULATIONS ‘SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT RATING FOR XLPE INSULATED COPPER CABLES 1000 1m Max, conductor short cul current KA ca UE [3 DDuraton of shor circuit seconds www.southerncable.com.my ‘MSE wre pec eon fs soa assert fs Sa ota, sro araron Sm Sscoenn areo Sree ai poe ay end ee ed san rans ay w[TECHNICAL DATA & FORMULATIONS ‘SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT RATING FOR XLPE INSULATED ALUMINUM CABLES 100 eurent in KA, Max. conductor short i i i i AE EEE 2/2 /s\z 2/3 /3 Elalele | = 7) 3.)3)/3)2)2, BIRR my 2 | oF + 10 Duration of shoe elt seconds 4 \mmw.southerncable.com.my SES cceind ge ia eaenactomateomerracemcieree samereLiseul Dy ae eT) DC RESISTANCE Ru, = Rey [140(0-20))} (/km) Re Ray + Resistance 20°C, according IEC 60228 (km) ca: Temperaturecoeficent of ressance per degree at 20°C (Copper = 3.93°10", Aluminum = 4.0410") AC RESISTANCE Re, (A+ WEL Ati )(km) + Proximity effect, Ys Skin eect ‘Sheath ess 8 Temperature) 1: Ameur oss INDUCTANCE CHARGING CURRENT L=K-+0.2un25/4) (mike) ern ) A: Contant eating to conductor srctice 5 a cable sping (Se1.26" phase sping for Ft and single coe cables) Condor Smet (em) Pam © scone Gh) K | Sonas Uy toe ww) ° 1 078 3 0.0582 7 00554 2 00525 Fa oas | aeoer ‘CAPACITANCE REACTANCE IMPEDANCE como Ffem) X= l10? Qikm) 2-4R=e fem) + + Bisectrecnstan ont AC sstanee (2k) D: Insulated diameter (mm) § Condictor cimeter (mm) L Inductance (myn) X + Resistance (0/km) SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT ELECTRICAL FIELD STRENGTH ‘ a = man) yn Conductor ASE) ae (wim) on ca = YM be claned az oC 60548 rm § Ome secanatara fer tue (ifm) On insation ©: Duration of short-crcut (Max. 5 se.) dino) 0. Me tempest atthe re el condon 7) (Boar v. svompe cn 6, : Mae tempt atthe romal apa () a (250°C 1 MLE) anata CS ameter (mma) cnc deem) Comper] Auman | teat | Sie e[ | mw [a [7 2345] 28 | 230 | 202 DIELECTRIC LOSS Un tand, (watt) nf ©“ Capacitance (yF/km) U,:Votage (kv) tanb = 0.008 www, southerncable.com.my (SAE Ui some ce pcr re non anh paar fs ocd open hie nc anarenrem coerce ae neo Sree pe syed i or ar ora aeITECHNICAL DATA & FORMULATIONS SHEATH Loss INSULATION RESISTANCE 210% (n725)10% ayn Edementoses — R=PEABIEXO (Hey Suet asians : =PRER (vata Ceeting ron ssas RX D : Volume resistivity at 20°C (XLPE=10") (2m) 5 iieimeaacn as X, =@0.21n25/d,)10° d_ Condctoretameter (mm) o= 2 2 Bean essere (Om) 5 chao fo 1: Curent @ tench ame om) xan PULLING TENSION rama: SN) «= S06rcae Cob traran — TKO) ke Sew maw 5 scan os stn Speman om CABLE LENGTH aN DRUM J. NP (8+ PD 1000 £-B-2E ca N .95 0.95 D 1 = tera of calm) F = Fange Di (ne) 8 =BaraD (rm) © = cate Di. in) T= Taverse (mm) = empty Space (rm) 6 )éuwesoutherncable.com.my ‘wld ves nce ad tao connotea, nt nv cms om abet rstHANDLING & INSTALLATION OF CABLES [METHODS OF INSTALLATION OF CABLES Ist Mea ‘epee || nataton tena ‘eporte = = ef mee | NO | PRE Tne | oem | Ne Seen ee a aS | — oe : . = = = | gop le Inaaton Noted ‘seers || smteton nonce —— Ingulation Method Dewi Insulation Method Deter rea coe eee | fie | once oa ae ares SaaS a tncecee | L@] \éaerce tncen | zg) P39 rercsed A] Rleronce al ae cate weal Retoronce foe, | § = Salers Le, as erecemere | § ere Esher]. [ese] ere sia sears, lena) ° ae Sees pcteres eee feist sce eae often ar Relaencn Tale www. southerncable.com.my (7 ‘tp aera rar sg has dah inne a te nda aay ee eel crea peg orld op lf ae ted er firm Se pe Se i say ped er sr oa ras aeCTR eRe Ce ee We Co) Rolo 1:1 es) CURRENT.CARRYING CAPACITY FOR SINGLE CORE COPPER CONDUCTOR, NON-ARHOURED OR WITHOUT SHEATH TO BS 6008 & BS 6346 ‘Guerin Capa Neinot of rsiftion oso nConaut | Encore Cond ‘Gr aPotaes infec Freciyicrces | Exercanest | cionedoret | cebisteytoreonal | Horawas | venea rat | Teta ona ae oi ‘sual | “Step Isuscrol Zases,| 3ore |2eanee.| sore | aeabes.]_ sora | Zeayes. |_ sore | canes, | 2cabos, | ocanes “Kee”! congo” | cgi, | singe” | qaen | “angle” leatlestree| “srg |cabistvee | “angio” | amatemose | “ftw piacgec| “ir |oiueec| weer |otasac| aieznes | shone |otasone’ | okneac | meadeer | treo. Tras" |pescac| "de |pesc|orecha| Thats’ | brazil | ine’ | dacacs | “Seance” | psene eiceea] ssceg | Sica | soy | ales rn-| tee & Gieel_|tetene | stavenc me | a | a | ata lala A A A a A ws|on | 2 | w | w | o | ow «| [am [a [aw [| » |» : : «| «| «| «| o |» | # - x | «@ | o | ws | wo | mw | mo | oe | 1 102 ‘er mo | is | 1 | we | mm | am | ow | oe | 208 21 254 26 vm | 20 | 1 | a9 | a | a | om | v9 | ov se |e 08 wo | mo | ae | oo | ae | ae | mo | ao | ano ae [_ 49 286 zo | az | aos | ao | oo | ois | are | so | a0 os | seo “ | ~ | se [or [om [om | mm | om ea | te5 88 0 exo | oo | me | ro | as | 770 wz | _wo 748 g \"ww.southerncable.com.my {Deon Urs home’ ans ame oun Fan gan pow tee are aon ns oars ws eae er ‘erp uri Susu tyne sr oa sea wr SaranHANDLING & INSTALLATION OF CABLES ‘CURRENT-CARRYING CAPACITY FOR MULTICORE COPPER. CONDUCTOR, NON-ARMOURED TO BS 6008 & BS 6340 ‘Guren-Carpng Capasty Method asain “Enceaaa in Cont Eraloses mn Conaui ‘Cones Dre ‘On Porras one ‘nan ncuaiee ‘nal Trotng col ry egret | Ser “Wate ce orhntroeh “hres | Twocore | tihveezore | ttwo-core | 1iwec-core | itocoe | ttweezore | ttwo-cors | 1 tee-coro aia | oiRSr en | tag. | leer fir | catego. | blter(itr | ctl cal. |osinr {i Sorsrae” "| eoepraccas| “orgs” |vwespimasc| ards |worpnceas| “was” |mrecpa’c mm a a a a a A a a ° 2 Ey ™ “ 4“ 1 “ 10 “ = 2 « 6 ” 70 © 19 125 18 9 a 184 2m 196 zo | 2 21 wa zor eS ao sa 20 so | 3 8 son ES 50. a8 sa or www.southerncable.com.my / gUe ck SOLE OF CABLES ‘CURRENT.CARRYING CAPACITY FOR CURRENT.-CARRYING CAPACITY FOR SINGLE CORE COPPER CONDUCTOR, —_MULTICORE COPPER CONDUCTOR, cums tare ae — sa eine ane Cremaben [MARTE] aeaien | Zea, tate, oe LL. EEE [ise [oict| assem ||ex Elen heel sheer eels Z| 5/2 SSC Sek ede | ae | ode | Pare | os Be se) = es | 298 | og | are | 20s | ave | ove | 67 | | om | ox | ono 18 re a a nm ape ts fe tet te fete tee tel ee eee ee Nominal C Sat Ee ee | ta & ss SS SS tmmt | Snr | contutor | Pour’ | cartier | condutor | ™faw’’ | sted, | See,] | Pees [ae] me | Dee * Sha condi: Sle pil banded 19 \www-southerncable.com.my “Mi, sous prot osa e auto econ ese eweghe, ewer ow hm aa in SIRES as sar ene roan oa Po som es ra ao easHANDLING AND INSTALLATION OF CABLES SHORT CIRCUIT RATING ot cre tng caper ranaoe Sho Greta) eee Eom Up wan ining 30m? nox vox) exh 1 Reseteupton tre mga anton es Remain OCR Se “ING FACTOR FOR VARIATION IN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ‘Tempore, “© os [»fls fo] « Ratnatear rox. comtatortoo.70'0) | 122 | tas | toe | too | 91 RATING FACTOR FOR VARIATION IN GROUND TEMPERATURE (DIRECT LAID IN THE GROUND) ‘Grond Tomperature,°C o | 6 | 0 | = | » ing for (ma condor ep, 72°C) sas [| am | 108 | 100 | ome [RATING FACTORS FOR DEPTH LAYING FOR CABLES LAID DIRECT IN THE GROUND on On0V Cables Desa aying " Upto som ‘ome soamme | Avo oom 1 098 oor 08 135 os 096 095 178 088 089 ost 20 ard sve 092 090 087 saw southerncable.com.my (aq ey eeUROL ee ee a 1. Minimum bending racius and permissable pulling tonsion {opprovent damage on slectrical and physical properties of the cable MINIMUM BENDING RADIUS = Overall Bof cable Numvaret core Sia Co Mu core Tye Gable contr stand Sandi {3300 cable ane Haber 100 120 © “isle ype cate © omagsted metal are cable +00 120 © Load neste ble 00 120 100 PERMISSIBLE MAXIMUM PULLING TENSION Pung oot Novae Conductor | Permissive Maximum Plog Tension ka) Putra eve conver 7 Nnber of core) x (Car sctoal ten of consi} enicur 7 (Neonber of core) (Care sctoal tea of consi) Note: When calle ip i use, # hou cover more tan SOD inn he cable end an be bund te cble shah 2. Side wall prossure to cable Permissible maximum side wall pressure tothe cable at bending point during installation ts S00kg/m, aE vatlreenre cable. ~ Paling tension ta) =T Borg aus (m)=R Y ‘ie wa Ee + 12 \WHW.southerncable.com.my SESreeeied ge iageaoroematoamerrcomaieene oan eesHANDLING AND INSTALLATION OF CABLES oe é iting by rane ‘Drum roing rection Do net ly on flanges pis A ala, iting crum by fort comecty ‘On the ground cable can be FLAKED in a figure of eight formation www.southerncable.com.my ( 13ABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY A AAC ‘AlAluminum Cable - for use in overhead transmission and distribution systems, and as bus connections in substations and swtchyards. Solid conductors used for mechanical and grounding applications. AAC Aluminum alloy conductor cable offers better sag performance due to the high strength to weight rato, ACR “Atenvation to crosstalk rato. Aerial Cable ‘A cable suspended in the air on poles or other overhead structure. Alloy ‘A metal formed by combining two or more different metals to obtain desirable properties. Ambient Temperature ‘The temperature of a medium surrounding an object. Abrasion Resistance Ability of a wie, cable or material to resist surface wear ACSR ‘Aluminum conductor steel reinforced - Used as bare overhead transmission cable and as primary and secondary distribution cable. ACSR offers optimal strength for line design. Variable steel core stranding enables desired strength to be achieved without sacrificing ampacity. Armoured [A braid or wrapping of sheet metal, usually steel or aluminum, used for mectanical protection. ANSI [Abbreviation for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, AST ‘Abbreviation for American Socety for Testing and Materials ‘AUDIO FREQUENCY ‘Those frequencies audible to the human ear, generally considered to be in the range of 32 to 16,000 hertz (H2). [ATTENUATION Power loss in an electrical system, In cables, generally expressed in d8 per unit lenath Attenuation is dependent on the resistance per length unit (conductor resistance) and the capectance per length unit C’ (mutual capactance). It cable attenuation increases approximately with square root ofthe frequency up to SOMHz, and linearly for higher frequencies. ‘The attenuation is increasing linearly with the length. AWG [A standard system for designating wire diameter. Primarily used in the United States. AMPACITY ‘The maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or pregressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while Femaining within its temperature rating. The ampacty ofa cable depends on its insuation temperature rating, conductor electrical properties for current flow, and ambient temperature. Annealed \Wire, which afte final draw down, has been heated and slowly cooled to remove the effects of cold working. ANSI Abbreviation for American National Standards Institute B BANDWIDTH ‘The difference between the upper and loner limits of a given band of frequencies. Expressed in hertz (Hz). 14 \wwr-southerncable.com.my {Deon Urs home’ ans ame oun Fan gan pow tee are aon ns oars ws eae er ‘erp uri Susu tyne sr oa sea wr SaranABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY BAUD Unit of data transmission speed representing bits per second. 9600 baud = 9600 bits per second. BINDER TAPE A spirally served tape or thread used for holding assembled cable components in place awaiting subsequent manufacturing operations. BRAID A fibrous metalic group of flaments interwoven in cylindrical form to form a covering over one or more wires. BRAID ANGLE ‘The smaller of the two angles formed by the shielding strand and the axis of the cable being shielded. BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE ‘The voltage at which the insulation between two conductors is destroyed. BUNCHED STRANDING ‘A group of wires of the same diameter twisted together without a predetermined pattern. BURIED CABLE ‘cable installed directly inthe earth without use of underground conduit, Also called "direct burial cable” BUSBAR In electrical power distribution, a busbar is a thick strip of copper or aluminium that conducts electricy within a switchboard, distribution board, substation or other electrical apparatus. c CARBON BLACK ‘A black pigment. It imparts useful ultraviolet protective properties and is frequently suspended into plastic and elastomeric ‘compounds intended for outside weather exposure. CABLE A group of individually insulated conductors in twisted or parallel configuration under common sheath, CABLING “The twisting together of two or more insulated conductors to form an element. CAPACITANCE Storage of electrically separated charges between two plates having diferent potentials. The value depends largely on the surface area of the plates and the distance between them (CAPACITANCE - DIRECT ‘The capacitance measured directly from conductor to conductor through a single insulating layer, (CAPACITANCE ~ MUTUAL “The capactance between two conductors with all other canductor, including shield, short circuited to ground. CAT 5 CABLE Category 5 cable isa twisted pair high signal integrity cable type often referred to as Cat5. Most cables are unshielded, relying on the twisted pair design for noise rejection, and some are shielded. Category 5 has been superseded by the Category Se specifcaton structured cabiing for computer networks such as Etheriet, and is also used to carry many other signals such as basic voce services, token ring, and ATM (at up to 155 Mbit/s, over short distances) cay ‘An acronym for Community Antenna Television. CELLULAR POLYETHYLENE Expanded or "foam" polyethylene consisting of individual closed cells suspended in a polyethylene medium. coc etificate whichis normally generated by a Quality Control Department, which shows that the praduct being shipped meets customer's specifications. CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE ‘The impedance that, when connected to the output terminals of a transmission line of any lenath, makes the line appear lnfintaly lang, The ration of voltage to current at every polnt along a transmission lie on which there are no standing waves. www southerncable.com.my / ggABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY CPE (CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE) A synthetic rubber Jacketing compound, SPE (CHLOROSULFANATED POLYETHYLENE) AR synthetic rubber jacketing compound manufactured by DuPont under trade name of Hypalon, CIRCULAR MIL The area of a circle one mil (,001") in diameter; 7.845 x 10-7 squin, Used in expressing wire cross sectional area cLaD A method of applying a metal over anather metal whereby the junction of the two metals is continuously welded. COAXIAL CABLE Coax, is an electrical cable with an inner conductor surrounded by a tubular insulating layer typically of a flexible material with 3 high dielectric constant, al of which are surrounded by a conductive layer called the shield (typically of fine woven Wire for flexibility, or ofa thin metallic fi), and finally covered with a thin insulating layer on the outside. COMPACT ROUND CONDUCTOR A conductor constructed with a central core surrounded by one or more layers of helically lald wires and formed into final shape by rolling, drawing, or other means. COMPACT STRANDED CONDUCTOR A unidirectional or conventional concentric conductor manufactured to a specified diameter, approximately 8 to 10% below the nominal diameter of a noncompact conductor of the same cross-sectional area. COMPOSITE CABLE ‘cable containing more than one gauge size ora variety of circuit types, e.g. pairs triples, quads, coaxial, etc. coMPOUND An insulation or jacketing material made by mixing two oF more ingredients CONCENTRIC STRANDING A central wire Surrounded by one or more layers of helically wound strands ina fied round geometric arrangement: CONCENTRICITY In 2 ire oF cable, the measurement ofthe location ofthe center ofthe conductor with respect tote geomet ener of the surrounding insulation CONDUCTANCE The ablity ofa conductor to carry an electrical charge. The ratio ofthe current fiow to the potential diference causing the flow, The reciprocal of resistance. conbucriviry The capability of @ material to carry electrical current - usually expressed as 2 percentage of copper conductivity (copper being 100%), CV (CONTINUOS VULCANIZATION) Simultaneous extrusion and curing of elastomeric wire coating materials CONTROL CABLE ‘A multi conductor cable made for operation in control or signal circuits. COPPER-CLAD Steel with a coating of copper welded to it, as distinguished from copper-pated CORE In cables, 2 component or assembly of components over which additional components (shield, sheath, etc.) are applied. CPE (Chlorinated Polyethylene) An oil, ozone and heat resistant sheathing compound. CRAZING The minute cracks on the surface of plastic materials, CREEP The dimensional change with time of a material under loa. 1g \Ww-southerncable.com.my {Deon Urs home’ ans ame oun Fan gan pow tee are aon ns oars ws eae er ‘erp uri Susu tyne sr oa sea wr SaranABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY CROSS-LINK ‘Aterm denoting intermolecular bonds between long chain thermoplastic polymers, effected by chemical or irradiation ‘techniques. CROSS-TALK ‘Atype of interference caused by signals from one circuit being coupled into adjacent circuits. In electronics, the term crosstalk (XT) refers to any phenomenon by which 2 signal tansmited on one crcult or channel of a transmission system ‘Creates an undesired effect in another crcult or channel. Crosstalk is usually caused by undesired capacitive, inductive, or Conductive coupling from one circuit, part of a circuit, or channel, to another. In telecommunication or telephony, crosstalk 's often distinguishable as pieces of speech or signaling tones lesking from other people's connections. Ifthe connection 's analog, twisted pair cabling can often be used to reduce the effects of crosstalk. Alternatively, the signals can be converted to clatal form, which is much less susceptible to crosstalk. CSP, CSPE (Chlorosulphonated Polyethylene) Oi, ozone and heat resistant sheathing material, DuPont Trade Name for this product is Hypalon. CURRENT CARYING CAPACITY ‘The maximum current an insulated conductor can safely carry without exceeding its insulation and jacket temperature limitations (same as Ampacty) CONDUCTANCE PER LENGTH UNIT"G* Conductance per length unit describes the isolation loss, deletric loss as weil as the corona loss between the conductors, Instead of the often strongly frequency dependent conductance per length unit G, the loss factor 0 is specified (0+theta ‘The size ofthe loss factor depends on Solaton design, and on frequency and temperature. In general 0 should be as possi CONDUCTOR RESISTANCE ‘The resistance load per length unit measures the loss in metalic conductors. The conductor dimensions, the conductive materials and temperature determine unit R) the de resistance Ro. Because ofthe skin effec, the resistance load per length Unit increase with Increasing frequency. It also Increase with increasing cable length. D DECIBELS ‘A.nit to express differences of power level. A term that expresses two power levels used to indicate gains or losses in a system DERATING FACTOR A factor used to reduce the current carrying capacity of a wire when used in environments other than that for which the ‘value Was estabished, DIELECTRIC ‘Any insiating material between two conductors which permits electrostatic attraction and repulsion to take place across cs DIELECTRIC STRENGTH In an insulating materia, the maximum electric feld strength that it can withstand intrinsically without breaking down, Le, without experiencing failure ofits insulating properties, DRAIN WIRE Ina cable, the uninsulated wire in a intimate contact witha shield to provide for easier termination of such a shield to ground: DUPLEX “Two way simultaneous data transmission - usually on a four-wire fait, DRAWING In the manufacture of wire, pulling the metal through a die or series of cies for reduction of diameter to specified size. DECIBELS (db) Jn engineering, the relationship between received voltage (V2) and transmitted voltage (V) is expressed in(db). The Felationship is! Vx/V(db)=20 logs (V/V) E ECCENTRICITY A measure of the lack of coincidence of longitudinal axes of a circular cross-sectional wire and its surrounding circular cross- sectional insulation. Its expressed as the percentage rato ofthe distance between wire and insulation “centers to the Giference between wire and insuation radi. aA ‘Abbreviation for Electronic Industries Association. www, southerncable.com.my A fe son lombon en ons ene oa el eset strane oblate oko er reer el cme ma deep rhea meena resected etpstnan nck conans wraps Gr kaye 17ABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY ELASTOMER A lass of long chain polymers capable of being cross linked to produce elastic and magnetic elds associated with movements, of electrons through conductors, .g. polychloroprene and ethylene propylene rubber. EMBOSSING ‘A means of marker identification by means of thermal indentation leaving raised lettering on the sheath material of cable. EME Electromagnetic interference, ER (Ethylene propylene rubber) An insulation use fer high voltage cables, It has improved thermal characteristics over more traditional cables, such as cross-linked polyethylene, enabing a smailer cress sectional area for the same load carrying capacity. The cable Is flexible and sulted to applications where regular cable movement is required such as in the mining Industry and for temporary installations. A water and ozone resistant, flexi, crosslinked high grade insulation material EXTRUSION The process of continuously forcing ether a plastic or elastomer and a conductor or core through a die, thereby applying an insulation or jacket to the conductor or core. EMC (Compatibility) ‘The abity of elecrical equipment to satisfactory function in ts electromagnetic (Electromagnetic Compatibility) environment and also hot to inedmissioly influence the same environment occupied by others equipment F FARAD Unit of capacitance whereby a charge of one coulomb produces a one volt potential difference FATIGUE RESISTANCE Resistance to metal crystalization which leads to conductors breaking from flexing. FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) ‘Armethod of muftiplexing or combining many voice data channels for transmission on a single RF carrier. The channels are separated by frequency and carried on Sub carters. FEB (Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene) 's.4 "Teton" fvorocaroon resin anda reistred trademark ofthe DuPont Company. This sa met extrudableuarocarbon FIGURE 8 CABLE ‘An aerial cable configuration in which the conductors and the steel strand which supports the cable are integrally jacketed. A.cioss section of the finished cable approximates the figure 6. FILLED CABLE A telephone cable construction in which the cable core is filled with @ material that will prevent moisture from entering or passing through the cable. FILLER ‘A material used in multi conductor cables to occupy large interstices formed by the assembled conductors. (2) An inert substance added to a compound to improve properties or decrease cost. FLAT CABLE Cable with two smooth or corrugated but essentially flat surfaces. FLAME RESISTANCE The abiity of a material not to propagate flame once the flame source is removed FLAME RETARDANT “The property of cables to retard or slow the progress offre and flame along the cable. This is achieved through the use of materials that do not readily burn and wil tend to setf-extingush FLEX LIFE “The measurement of the ability of a conductor or cable to withstand repeated bending fueaeurry wen . . ‘That auaty of cable or cable comgonent which alls for bending under te nfuence of ouside force, a8 opposed to iinpnass bch is bending Gusto te cable's own weight FLEXING TEST Any test to determine the a ty of a cable to withstand repeated bending and twisting ag \Ww-southerncable.com.my MOS ior ened nsarany ee sot aoc pot nt nie ntcton earn manana cogs meet Seer pm hen en pap sar sec wreABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY FIRE RESISTANT “The property of cables to continue to function while under the influence of fre. Fire Resistant provide crcut integrity even wnhen burned and maintains teary ater the fre has extinguished. In most cases, the cables wil witstand a wate spray and stil provide circuit integrity FRNG,FR/LSOH or FRNC/LSOH FR means flame-retardant, NC means non-corrosive effect the fires. LS means low smoke development. OH,OH and ZH means non-halogen, zero-halogen or halogen free, G GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus Assembly typically used for interconnecting measurement devices. GROUNDING CONDUCTOR A conduct used to connect equipment or the grounded ercult ofa wring systom to a grounding cro or eetrodes; Usually colored green H HARNESS An arrangement of wires and cables, usually with many breakouts, which have been tied together or pulled into a rubber or plastic sheath, used to Interconnect electric circults. HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) Generally used asa sheathing material where it provides high resistance to water penetration, is very hard, has low coefficient of friction, and i abrasion resistant HIPoT Hipot isa term given to a dass of electrical safety testing instruments. used to verify electrical insulation in frished appliances, cables A Hipot test (also called a Dilecric Withstand test) verifies thatthe insulation ofa product or component is sufficient to.protet the operator from electrical shock. Ina typical pot test high vote is apple between a product's cent Carry conductors ands metalic chas, The renin cet that ows brugh the nsuation, known as leakage Current, is monitored by the hipot tester. The theory behind the test is tat if a deliberate over-application of test voltage does ng cause the insulation to break Gown, the product wil be safe tose under normal oprabngcondtons—encs the hame, Delectric Withstand test HyGRoscoPIc ‘Attracting Or absorbing moisture from the ambient atmosphere. I Tec Abbreviation for International Electro technical Commission. IEEE ‘Abbreviation for Institute of ectrcal and Electrons Engineers IMPACT TEST For determining the mechanical punishment a cable can withstand without physical or electrical breakdown by impacting with a given weight, dropped a given distance, in a controlled environment. Thepropary ofa creut Jement that opposes a change n cent flo, thus caus changes to lag behind Property ofa cicultor crcl elem that opposes a change in cue ow, tus causing current changes to voltage changes. It is measured in henrys. " sa J a J INDUCTIVE COUPLING Crosstalk resulting from the action ofthe electromagnetic field of one conductor on the other. INSULATION RESISTANCE (IR) ‘That resistance offered by an insulation to an impressed DC voltage, tending to produce a leakage current through the insulation. 180 ‘Abbreviation for International Standards Organization. INSTRUMENTATION CABLES: ‘Are multestrand cables used in process control applications and are usually shielded from electrostatic interference, wiew southerncable.com.ny (49 ses rm set es ne reece Sco te age a te eee eee rnABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY IMPEDANCE ‘The total oppostion that a creut offers to the flow of alternating current or any other varying current at a particular frequency. Tris a combination of resistance (R) and reactance (X), measured in ohms. IMPEDANCE Zo, (Characteristic Impedance) ‘The impedance ofa ine Gepicts the relationship ofthe advancing voltage wave to a current wave advancing in the same Girection. Common values are 100, 120 and 150 ohm. What important is that the cable matches the input/output impedance of the connected device. J Jacke 'An cuter covering, usually nonea9\metallic, mainly used for protection against the environment, JUMPER WIRE ‘The jumper wire is used for wiring telephone and signal distributors. Tinned copper conductor with a diameter of 0.6 mm PYC (Polyinyichlorde) insulating cover L LAMINATED. [A tape consisting of two or more layers of different materials bonded together. Lay The length measured along the axis of a wire or cable required fora singe strand (In a stranded wire) or conductor (in cable) to make one complete tuin about the axis of the conductor or cable LEAKAGE CURRENT ‘The undesirable flow of current through or over the surface of an insulation. LONGITUDINAL SHIELD [Atape shied, fat or corrugated, applied to the axis of the core being shielded LOOP RESISTANCE The total resistance of two conductors measured round trip from on end. LOSS FACTOR ‘The product of the dissipation and dielectric constant of an insulating material LENGTH LAY. ‘The axial length of one tum of the hell ofa wire or member, M MESSENGER The linear supporting member, usually a high strength steel wire, used as the supporting element ofa suspended aerial cable, The messenger may be an integral part of the Cable, oF exterior to it. Mho ‘The unt of conductivity. The reciprocal ofan ohm. MUTUAL CAPACITANCE 'Simenttonel or unrtetonalcapactance that ocurs between two charge-holdng objects or conductors, in wich the curtent passing through one pases over into tne other. Unike mutual mneuctance, mutual capacitance only works along short istances, In transmission lines, when conductors are closely spaced together, the air or material separating them acts as a dielecrc, and the conductors ack as capacitor plates. MUTUALINDUCTANCE (inductance pet length UIEL) eterna by te sat uctance per length unk consists of severl components, External inductivty i determine by the line geometry and the magnet materol properties inependert of equercy Since predominantly no ferromagnetic meas ae es oe Conducts, is also independent of current. The internal inducivty can be races back to current and te current and the associated magnetic Feld. Because ofthe current spacement this part dsappears at high frequencies. Ty adation, for sereened, symmetrical ies, the frequency dependent cladding induct as wel as indcty induced by short-range feck must be faken ito account. MYLAR DuPont trade name for a polyester material. * rrr eee eee eee eeABBREVIATIONS & TERMIN' N Nansen ify lve of rable ty by which yductor it perty of iductor Name 0 denying value ofa measurable property by which a conductor or component ar property ofa conductors ‘Gente, ond to which tolerances ere apple NEXT FEXT (crostaik Attenuation) SiCE tute pan he fa fect slgal ansison of par induces a neterng signa i negtoring {BE ihe cosh epee on eng an asease win ocala Remsen he rent Benen eset Spal Sr of ese aes Sa sn Rogier gr ered or cuss oso sn pdr a8 We oferenaebobrcen NEM tar End Cross Yak and PBC Far END Goss fa fe] OFC ‘Abbreviation for oxygeneas\fee, high conductivity copper. It has no residual deoxidant, 99.5% minimum copper content . OVERLAP. The amount the traling edge laps over the leading edge of the tape wrap. ‘OXYGEN INDEX Percentage of a gas released during the combustion of insulation or jacketing material P PCP (POLYCHLOROPRENE) This is an ol resistant, tough sheathing material, that is used mainiy in mining cables as an outer sheath PE (POLYETHYLENE) 2 fernly of insulatons Gerived from the polymerization of ethylene gas and characterized by outstanding electrical properties, Including high LT. low dielectric constant, and low dielectric loss across the frequency spectrum. Mechanically rugged, it resists abrasion and cold flow. Polyethylene fsa non-falogen plastic which bums easly. Additives can make flameretardant with low smoke emission, PVC (Polyvinylchloride) Polynlhionge contains elogens. The halogen are chorine, one, Murine, jodine an asain, Chine and fuorine are used to make plastics flame retardant and are most resistant to Outside Influences. PVC. sheathed cables are flame Fesistant. Halogen-containing plastic generate highly poisonous gases when bumed. These gases from aggressive acds when they dissolve in water and are capable of causing extensive corrosion damage. PO (POLYOLEFIN) A family of thermoplastics based upon the unsaturated hydrocarbons known as olefins. When combined with butylenes or Styrane'polymers they form compounds such as polyethylene and polypropylene, Polyakefin cable is used inthe petrochemical industry. thas excelent chemical resistance and can only be adhesively bonded after surface treatment because they have very low surface energies. They are also extremely Inert chemicaly and exhibit decreased strength at lower temperatures, POWER FACTOR ‘The rato of resistance to impedance, The ration ofthe actual power of an alternating current to apparent power. Mathematically, {he cosine of the angle between the voltage applied and the current resulting, PROPAGATION Delay time required for an electrical wave to travel between two points on a transmission line, Quad ‘four conductor cable R REACTANCE The opposton offered tothe fo of aerating current by inductance or capacitance of component or cout.‘The pat of the total impedance of a circuit not due to pure resistance, measured in ohms. Symbol X. Its the Imaginary part of the ‘complex impedance, Z given by: Z= R +X where Ris resistance, X is reactance and i equals Reaciance is due to the Bresonce ofcapactane® or inductance ina Gre Te effect of resctance sto cause te vatage and cent to become out-of phase RESISTANCE ‘A measure ofthe diffculty in moving electrical current through a medium, when voltage Is applied. Its measure in ohms. RMS (ROOT MEAN SQUARE) The effective value of ah alternating current or voltage www.southerncable.commy (94 een a aa RC SE gL te eeABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY ROLE LAY CONDUCTOR ‘A conductor composed of a central core surrounded by one or more layers of helically lad groups of wires. RELATIVE PERMITTIVITY (RP) ‘This i the material constant ofthe electric, The dielectric constant specifies how many ties larger the capacitance of the capactor would be f, Intcad of af, Insulating material's used as the dlelecrc. Ifthe RP of the empty space multiplied By the dielectric constant, the result is the RP of the dielectric. RETURN LOSS (RL) Owing to unavoidable manufacturing tolerances (measuring tolerances, diferent relative permittivity's along the insulation), line parameters do not exhibit identical values at allocations along the line, These irregular inthe structure, by they even very small, lead to reflections of voltage and current waves, ‘The result: Reflection Factor = Rabo of transmitted and reflected voltage and current waves atthe irregularity Rerum Loss Factor= Sum all the erfectve reflectons on the Ine decisive for ine usability) Return Loss = Logarithm of the reciprocal ofthe return lass factor. s SEMI-CONDUCTING TAPE ‘tape of such resistance that when applied between two elements of a cable, the adjacent surfaces of the two elements wil maintain substantially the same potential. Such tapes are commonly used for conductor shielding and in conjunction vith metalic shielding over the insulation. SEMI-CONDUCTOR ‘Armaterial that has @ resistance characteristic between that of insulators and conductors. SHIELD In cable, 2 metalic ayer placed around 2 conductor or group of conductors to prevent electrostatic interference between, the enclosed wires and external Feld, SHIELDED/ SCREENED CABLE ‘A shielded or screened cable is an electrical cable of one or more insulated conductors enclosed by a common conductive layer. The shield may be composed of braided strands of copper (or other metal), a non-breided spiral winding of copper tape, or a layer of conducting polymer. Usually, this shield is covered with a jacket. The shield acts as a Faraday cage to ‘duce eectcal noise fom effecting the sana and to reduce elecromaeticracleton that may inefee vith oe Gevices, The shield minimizes capactive coupled noise from other electrical sources, In shielded signal cables the shield ‘may act as the return path for the signal, or may act as screening only. SHIELD COVERAGE ‘The physical area of a cable that is actually covered by the shielding material and is expressed in percent. SHRINKAGE RATIO ‘The ratio between the expanded diameter and recovered diameter of shrinkable products SIGNAL CABLE AA cable designed to carry current of usually less than one ampere per conductor surce A temporary large increase inthe voltage or current in an electric circuit or cable. SURFACE RESISTANCE ‘The resistance of @ material between two opposite sides of a unit square of its surface. Its usually expressed in ohms. SWEEP ‘A method to determine the frequency response ofa cable by generating an RF voltage whose frequency is varied at 2 rapid constant rate over 2 given range, SWITCHBOARD CABLE ‘The switchboard cables are used as connecting cables between recks and between racks and main distribution frames in telecommunication exchanges for telephone, measuring and signaling purposes. SPARK TESTER. te on . test designed to locate imperfections (usually pin-holes) inthe insulation of a wire or cable by application of a voltage fora very short perod of time while the wire fs Being drawn through the electrode fel SPECIFIC GRAVITY ‘The ratio ofthe density (mass per unit volume) of a material to that of water SKIN EFFECT ‘The higher the frequency ofthe desired or interfering signal, the more the high frequency curtent is forced to the outer surfaced of the conductor. 22 \wnw.southerncable.com.my SES cceind ge ia eaenactomateomerracemcieree samereABBREVIATIONS & TERMIN! T ‘TEMPERATURE RATING “The maximum and minimum temperature at which an insulating material may be used in continuous operation without loss ofits basic properties. ‘THERMOCOUPLE device consisting of two dissirilar metas in physical contact, which when heated will develop an emf output ‘THERMOPLASTIC ‘Armaterial which softens when heated or reheated and becomes firm an cooling, Its @ polymer that turns to a liquid when heated and freezes toa very glassy state when cooled sufficiently. Most thermoplastics are high-molecular-weight polymers ge chans associate thru weak Van der Waals forces (povetivene) songerGple bole nteracons and hygronen Bonding (nylon); or even stacking of aromatic rings (polystyrene). Thermoplastic polymers cffer from thermosetting po (Bakelite) as they can, unike thermosetting polymers, be remelted and remoided. Many thermoplastic matenls are addition Polymers; eg, vinyl chain-growitn polymers such as polyettylene and polypropyiene. TENSILE STRENGTH ‘The pull stress required to break a glven specimen, ‘THERMOSET ‘A material which hardens or sets by heat, chemical or radiation crossea9\linking techniques and which, once set, cannot be re-softened by heating. A thermosetting plastic, also knovin as a thermo set, is polymer material that irreversibly cures. ‘The cure may be done through heat (generally above 200 °C (392 °F)), through a chemical reaction (two-part epoxy, for example), oF irradiation such as electron beam processing, ‘TINNED COPPER Tin coating added to copper to aid in soldering and inhibit corrosion. TOLERANCE “The aloweble deviation from a standard especialy the rage af variation permits in maintaining a spciedcimension in machining piece: or The vrience between the quentiy ordered and he quantity shipped, general accepted i the teint) tbe pls or mins 10%. ‘TRIAD CABLE ‘cable consisting of three insulated single condluctors twisted together. ‘TWISTED CABLE ‘Twisted pair cabling isa type of wiring in which two conductors (the forward and return conductors ofa single circuit) are ‘twisted together forthe purposes of canceling out elecyomagnetc interference (EMI) from extemal sources; for instance, electromagnetic radiation from Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cables, and crosstalk between neighboring pars. ‘TRANSMISSION LINE A’sgnal-carrying crcut with controled electrical characteristics used to transmit high-frequency or narrow-pulke signals ‘TRANSFER TMPEDANCE ‘Transfer Impedance is the decisive variable for the quality of screening and frequency dependence. It ist ratio of the voltage drop along 2 screen on the interfered side (outsida) to the interfering current on the other side (inside) of the screen, “Transfer impedance is determined by the design of the screen, the skin effect and the capacitive couping.. U UHF ‘Abbreviation for ultrahigh frequency, 300 to 3,000 MHz UNBALANCE TO GROUND “The uniqueness of electrical properties of individual wires of a pair relative to ground or to a screen. Its difference between the capactance of conductor 2 <-> sereen and the capacltance of cond. Be-> screen, In Influences the transmission properties ofthe cable. v EOS OE sag te ett . Seen nan ot emo gene gn med mn (sea docu onal ena ses ree nearer SSS aia tec oaae ap sar te aan ans eae Foe Sata ties ont ovocg tae aaa vere im cm eg resents ieee te tomcat eicane eee tie cuttecaer ele Meg aes Bote Ga amv iG sana ean a wwew southerncable.com.my (9 es ee eg ie een ae age ea ent sae eee anABBREVIATIONS & TERMINOLOGY VHF [Abbreviation for very high frequency, 30 to 300 MHz, VOLTAGE ‘The term most often used in place of electromotive force, potential, potential difference, or voltage drop to designate the elec pressure that ents betwoon two points ands capable of producing a current wien a closed crc connected tween fo points. VOLTAGE DROP. Voltage drop 's the reduction in voltage in an electrical circuit between the source and load. In electrical wiring national and local electrical codes may set guidelines for maximum voltage crop allowed in a circuit to ensure reasonable efficiency Of distribution and proper operation of electrical equipment. To reduce voltage drop is to increase the diameter ofthe Conductor between the source and the load which lowers the overall resistance. VOLTAGE RATING ‘The highest voltage that may be continuously applied to @ wire in conformance with standards or specifications, VIDEO PAIR CABLE ‘Transmission cable containing low-loss pairs with an impedance of 125 ohms. Used for TV pick ups, closed circuit TV, telephone carrier circuits, ete VOLUME RESISTIVITY ‘The electcalresstance between opposte faces ofa one cn. cube of insulating material, commonly expressed in vns-centimeter, x XETFE ‘Abbreviation for cross-linked extruded, modified ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. XLETFE ‘Abbreviation for cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer xLPA ‘Abbreviation for cross-linked extruded polyalkene XLPFV ‘Abbreviation for cross-linked extruded polwinylidene fluoride. XLAP. ‘Abbreviation for cross-linked extruded alkane-imide polymer, Y YIELD STRENGTH The minimum stress at which a material wil stat to physically deform, : ee __—__— a Sp nae atone fear eee ee eee