United Kingdom

England, Wales,
Northern
Ireland,Scotland
Šimon Šubika 1.B
United Kingdom- geography

• Is an island country in Northwestern Europe

• It comprises England,Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland
• United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the North sea, the English
channel, the Celtic sea and the Irish sea
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United Kingdom- political system, monarchy, parliament

• It‘s an constitutional monarchy

• Head of state is King Charles III (since 2022)
• Prime minister is Rishi Sunak (since 2022)
• It is centralised, unitary state
• Parliament is made up of the elected House of Commons and House of Lords
• Two-party system Conservatives or Labour
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United Kingdom- History

• Hundred years‘ War- The English monarchs, through inheritance of Substantial territories in
France and claims the France crown, were also heavily involved the conflicts in France
• In 1603, the kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland were united in a Personal union (under
rule James VI.)
• In mid of 17. cnet. all three Kingdoms were involved in a series of connected wars
ENGLAND
England- characteristics
• England shares border land with Wales
• England‘s terrain chiefly consists of low hills and plains, in centre and south and mountains terrain is mostly
in west and north
• Capital city of England is London
• England have two oldest universities (OXFORD,CAMBRIDGE)
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England- Geographical informations
• 132 930 km2
• temperate maritime climate
• It is bordered by two other countries of the United Kingdom
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England- population
• Population in England is about 56 mil.
• More ethnic groups are living there
LONDON
• London is the capital and biggest city of England and UK
• Third biggest city in Europe
• Population in this city is 9,6 mil.
• London stands on the river Thames
• Its an financial center
• Home of the highest-ranked academic institutions in the world (Imperial College London,London school of
economic)
• Most busy city airports in world
WALES
Wales- Characteristics
• Capital and largest city is Cardiff
• The country has a distinct national and cultural identity and from the late 19th century onwards Wales
acquired its popular image as the "land of song„
• Welsh (only about 20%) and English are official languages
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Wales- Geographical informations
• About 21 000 km2
• Bordered by England to the east and by see in all other directions
• Much of Wales's diverse landscape is mountainous, particularly in the north and central regions
• Three national parks: Snowdonia, Brecon Beacons, Pembrokeshire Coast
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Wales- population
• 3.1 mil. people is living here
• 538 000 Welsh speakers
Cardiff
• Capital and largest city in Wales
• About 362 000 people are living here
• Eleventh-largest city in UK
• Main commercial center of Wales
• Major city for television and film production
• Largest railway station in Wales
SC
OT
LA
ND
Scotland- characteristics
• Second largest country
• Contains more than 790 islands
• Characteristic musical instrument are bagpipes
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Scotland- geography
• The mainland of Scotland comprises the northern third of the land mass of the island of Great Britain
• 30.4 thousand km2 comparable to the size of the Czech Republic
• Land border only with England
• Center of Scotland lies a few miles from the village of Newtonmore in Badenoch
Scotland- population
• 5.4 mil. people live here
EDINBURGH
• Capital city of Scotland
• Located between the rivers Almond and Ask on the southern shore of the Firth or Fofth
• Second most populous city in Scotland and seventh most populous in UK
• The city's iPalace of Holyroodhouse the official residence of the British monarch in Scotland.
• Second-largest financial center in UK and fourth-largest in Europe
• The city's historical and cultural attractions have made it the UK's second-most visited tourist
destination
• Time Out magazine rated Edinburgh the best city in the world in 2022
• About 526 000 people live here
• It is home to national cultural institutions such as the National Museum of Scotland, the National
Library of Scotland and the Scottish National Gallery
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• Edinburgh national festival is happening here
• Edinburgh's Old Town and New Town together are listed as a UNESCO

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NORTHERN
IRELAND
Northern Ireland- Characteristics,
Geographical informations and population
• Northern Ireland shares an border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland
• About 14 000 km²
Types of houses in UK

• Flats • 2-level flats • Studio flats

Most popular type Contain two floors One large open space
• Converted houses • Detached houses • Semi-detached houses
Older, large house which not connected to
has been split to two another house or
houses building
• Terraced houses • End of Terraced houses • Cottages
very popular type of houses Small and old-fashioned
in the UK and are especially house
prevalent in larger cities
• Bungalows • Mansions
Singel-storey house detached from other houses Largest and most expensive type of house
Drinks, Food, Catering, Traditions
• Traditional food in UK is Fish and Chips, Yorkshire pudding(on Sunday)
• Traditional Drink in UK is Tea(tradition: Tea at five o‘clock)
• Oldest desert called Victoria sponge
Family, role of women in Family, in state
• Today the archetypical family (husband, wife and children) can no longer be the exact social expectation as
divorce, remarriage, cohabitation of couples and births outside of marriage have become more common
• Womens in family are homemakers and primary caretakers of children.
• Women represent 30% of state legislators nationwide
Sport in UK
• Most popular sport is Football
• National sport of the UK is Cricket

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Multi-Cultural in UK
• Made up of four differe nations
• England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are all different countries with different dialects, customs,
music and languages
• Diffrent races are living there
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Traditions and custom in UK
1. Cheese Rolling
Unusual Brithis tradition
2. Morris Dancing
It usually dancing with sticks or swords
3. Afternoon Tea
Probably one of the quintessentially Brithis things
4. Queuing
English people following invisible and organized line for just about anything
5. Regatta
Boat race between the rowing teams of Oxford and Cambridge Universities
Education system in UK
• there are five stages of education: early years, primary, secondary, Further Education (FE) and Higher
Education (HE). Education is compulsory for all children between the ages of 5 (4 in Northern Ireland) and
16.
English literature
• About history

• Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, and
the countries of the former British Empire.
• Poet and playwright William Shakespeare
Historically significant places
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• York Tower of London Bath
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• Liverpool Hampton Court Palace Stonehenge