LEARN TO PREPARE EFFECTIVE SPEECH FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES

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BY:
Group 3
FINCI TRISNAWATI MENDROFA Nim : 2221043
LINCE KRISTI HULU Nim : 22210
REZEKI MENDROFA Nim : 22210
WINA ANJELINA HAREFA Nim : 22210

Course Teaching Lecturer,

Dr. YAREDI WARUWU, S.S.,M.S

Subject
PUBLIC SPEAKING

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITAS NIAS
2023
 PREFACE

Praise and gratitude to God the Almighty for his blessings and grace so that we can
complete this paper. We made this paper in order to fulfill the completion of assignments in
thePublic Speakingcourse,hopefully this paper can add insight and knowledge to readers. In
writing this paper, we certainly cannot solve it our self without the help of other parties.
Therefore, we would like to thank to Sir Dr. YAREDI WARUWU, S.S.,M.Sas the lecturer of
this course. We realize that this paper is far from perfect because there are still many
shortcomings. Therefore, we apologize and expect constructive criticism and suggestions for
future improvement.
Finally, we wish you a happy reading and hope that this paper can be useful as it
should be for the readers.

Gunungsitoli, 04 Desember 2023

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 LIST OF CONTENTS

COVER
PREFACE...............................................................................................................................i
LIST OF CONTENTS...........................................................................................................ii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................1
A. Background of the Study..............................................................................................1
B. Purpose ........................................................................................................................2

CHAPTER II: DISCUSSION................................................................................................3

A. The Reason Why We Need To Prepare Effective Speech for Various Purposes.........3
B. The Components of Effective Speech..........................................................................4
C. The Kind Of Prepare Effective Speech for Various Purposes.....................................6
D. The Adapting Speech for Strategies Communications for Various Purposes..............7

CHAPTER III: CLOSING....................................................................................................9

Conclusion................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................10

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Speech is one way to convey an ideas. Trough Speech, someone can deliver ideas
or information throughout his/her feeling. Speech is a term commonly spoken when studying
a language in society. Speech can also be interpreted as communication or expression of
thoughts in spoken words. When people speak, speech that is produced from the mouth,
including the message that aims to communicate in society is considered speech. In simple
terms, it can be said that speech is never separated from society because its users are the
community itself. The speech also makes our communication with each other more
complicated than other possible ways, and since communication is a social activity, it can be
said that words are also social. Even tells that speech is social, emphasizes that speech in
social interaction does not have just one function such as communicating propositions that the
hearer does not already know. It indicates that situation and speaker are always linked to each
other and nothing can stand without the other.
In this world, words may affect people's lives. As a motivator saying "the winner
depends on how he actively faces the problem" helps to surrender makes people rise again
through their problems, which brings people problems thinking: How does this kind of
discourse affect people. When we find the answer realize that there must be some "thing", a
kind of power behind the speech or speech. We can simply call it "the power of language". It
is abstract, but we can feel it inside.
Learning to prepare effective speeches for various purposes is a multifaceted endeavor that
demands a nuanced understanding of communication dynamics. Crucial to this process is a
meticulous analysis of the audience, encompassing demographic nuances, interests, and
cognitive backgrounds. By tailoring the speech to resonate with the specific characteristics of
the audience, speakers can establish a connection that enhances receptivity. Central to the art
of speechcraft is a clear delineation of the speech's purpose—be it to inform, persuade, or
entertain. This clarity in purpose serves as a guiding principle for content development and
tone modulation throughout the speech.

A robust speech is underpinned by thorough research, ensuring that the information

presented is not only accurate but also current and credible. The organizational structure plays
a pivotal role in guiding the audience through the discourse seamlessly. An effective speech
typically follows a well-defined structure, comprising an engaging introduction, a
substantiated body with logically sequenced main points, and a conclusion that succinctly
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summarizes key takeaways. Transitions between these sections contribute to a cohesive and
comprehensible narrative.

The language and style employed in a speech are critical components. Adapting the
complexity of language to match the audience's comprehension level, using rhetorical devices
for emphasis, and incorporating engaging elements contribute to the overall effectiveness.
Visual aids, such as slides or graphs, can enhance the audience's understanding and retention
of key points.

Moreover, an effective speech is not merely a one-way communication but an

interactive engagement. Techniques such as encouraging audience participation and
maintaining dynamic delivery through eye contact, varied tone, and gestures foster a
connection between the speaker and the audience. Rehearsal is imperative for honing both
content delivery and timing, while adaptability ensures responsiveness to audience reactions
and unforeseen developments.

In conclusion, mastering the art of preparing effective speeches for diverse purposes
involves a holistic approach that combines audience awareness, purposeful content
development, and dynamic delivery techniques. This skill set empowers individuals to not
only convey information compellingly but also to establish meaningful connections with their
audience.

B. PURPOSE
1. To know about the reason why we need to prepare effective speech for various purposes
2. To know the components of effective speech
3. To know the kind of prepare effective speech for various purposes
4. To know about the adapting speech for strategies communications for various purposes

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. THE REASON WHY WE NEED TO Prepare Effective Speech For Various Purposes
Preparing an effective speech for various purposes is crucial for several reasons:
1. Communication Impact

A well-prepared speech enhances communication effectiveness. It ensures that your

message is clear, coherent, and impactful. It helps you convey your ideas in a way that
engages and resonates with your audience, increasing the likelihood that they will
understand and remember your message.
2. Audience Engagement

Effective speeches are tailored to the audience's interests, needs, and expectations. This
engagement fosters a connection between the speaker and the audience. An engaging
speech captures the audience's attention, maintains their interest, and encourages active
participation, whether through questions, discussions, or other forms of interaction.
3. Persuasion and Influence

Speeches are often delivered with the intent to persuade or influence the audience.
Effective speech preparation involves crafting compelling arguments, supporting them
with evidence, and employing persuasive techniques. A well-prepared speech increases
your chances of swaying opinions, changing attitudes, or inspiring action among your
audience.
4. Professionalism and Credibility

A well-prepared speech demonstrates professionalism and competence. It shows that you

have invested time and effort in understanding your topic, which enhances your credibility
as a speaker. Being well-prepared also helps you handle questions or challenges with
confidence, reinforcing your expertise on the subject.
5. Time Management

Effective speech preparation includes managing your time wisely. A well-structured

speech ensures that you stay within allotted time constraints, preventing information
overload or underwhelming presentations. Time management is crucial for maintaining
audience interest and respect for your speaking engagements.
6. Adaptability to Different Contexts

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 Different occasions and contexts require different speech approaches. Whether it's a formal
presentation, a motivational talk, a persuasive pitch, or an informative lecture, adapting
your speech style and content is essential for success. Being prepared for various purposes
allows you to navigate diverse speaking scenarios with confidence and flexibility.
7. Memorability

A well-prepared speech is more likely to be memorable. Thoughtful organization,

engaging storytelling, and effective use of language contribute to creating a lasting
impression on your audience. Memorable speeches are more likely to be shared, discussed,
and recalled by those who experience them.
In summary, preparing effective speeches for various purposes is essential for
optimizing communication, connecting with audiences, achieving specific goals, and
establishing yourself as a skilled and credible speaker.

B. The Components Of Effective Speech

Effective speeches typically comprise several key components that work together to
engage the audience, convey the intended message, and leave a lasting impact. Here are the
main components of an effective speech:

1. Introduction:
a) Hook: Capture the audience's attention with a compelling opening, such as a relevant
quote, a question, or a surprising fact.
b) Thesis Statement: Clearly state the purpose and main points of the speech, providing
an overview of what to expect.
2. Body:
a) Main Points: Organize the content into a few key ideas, each supported by evidence,
examples, or data.
b) Transitions: Use smooth transitions between points to maintain a logical flow and
guide the audience through the speech.
c) Supporting Details: Provide relevant and credible information to bolster your main
points.
3. Language and Style:
a) Clarity: Use clear and concise language to enhance understanding.
b) Tone: Adapt your tone to match the purpose of the speech, whether it's informative,
persuasive, or entertaining.

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 c) Rhetorical Devices: Employ figures of speech, repetition, or other rhetorical devices
to add emphasis and persuasion.
4. Visual Aids:
a) Relevance: If using visual aids (slides, charts, graphs), ensure they are relevant, clear,
and enhance rather than distract from the message.
b) Accessibility: Consider the needs of diverse learners in your audience and make
visual aids accessible to all.
5. Engagement Techniques:
a) Interaction: Encourage audience interaction through questions, anecdotes, or
activities.
b) Eye Contact and Gestures: Maintain eye contact with the audience and use
appropriate gestures to enhance engagement.
c) Varied Tone: Modulate your voice to convey enthusiasm, urgency, or other emotions
as needed.
6. Conclusion:
a) Summary: Recap the main points of the speech to reinforce key ideas.
b) Closing Statement: End with a memorable closing statement or a call to action,
leaving a lasting impression on the audience.
7. Rehearsal:
a) Timing: Practice the speech to ensure it fits within the allotted time.
b) Delivery: Refine your delivery, paying attention to pacing, intonation, and overall
confidence.
8. Adaptability:
a) Response to Audience: Be prepared to adapt your speech based on audience reactions
or unexpected developments.
b) Flexibility: Anticipate potential challenges and have a flexible approach to address
them smoothly.
These components collectively contribute to the effectiveness of a speech, allowing
the speaker to connect with the audience, convey information persuasively, and achieve the
desired impact.

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C. The Kind Of Prepare Effective Speech For Various Purposes
1. Conducting In-depth Research
In-depth research involves an extensive process of delving into detailed information
about aparticular topic. It entails identifying the subject, gathering data from various
credible sources,evaluating information, in-depth analysis, drawing conclusions, and
providing clear references.The goal is to attain a comprehensive and profound
understanding of the researched topic.
2. Understanding the Audience
Understanding the audience is the ability to comprehend and tailor your presentation
or messageto the characteristics, needs, and expectations of the recipients. It involves
recognizing theirdemographic profiles, understanding their expectations, determining how
your message can beconveyed most effectively to them, and the ability to appropriately
respond to their feedback orquestions. A deep understanding of the audience enables you
to deliver your message or speechmore effectively and relevantly.
3. Having Clear Structure
A clear structure in a speech is a fundamental foundation for effectively delivering a
message. Itinvolves a captivating introduction, well-structured content, and a strong
conclusion. An attention-grabbing introduction is a vital initial step to captivate the
audience. It could be in theform of a story, compelling question, inspirational quote, or
surprising fact to pique their interest.Well-structured content allows for a clear and
organized delivery of the message. This involveslogically organizing the material with
clear main points, enabling the audience to follow thepresentation effectively.
4. Facts and Statistics
The use of facts and statistics can enhance the credibility of the arguments presented
to theaudience. It makes the speech more persuasive and can influence listeners to have
moreconfidence in the information being conveyed. However, it's important to ensure that
the facts and statistics used come from reliable and verified sources. This helps prevent the
spread ofmisinformation or inaccuracies to your audience.
5. Providing Examples and Stories/Illustrations
Stories or examples can be real-life anecdotes, analogies, or relevant events related to
thediscussed topic. By including emotionally evocative stories or concrete examples, you
can clarifyconcepts that might be difficult to grasp through theoretical exposition or
information. Stories can emotionally connect the audience to the message being conveyed,
while examples can provide a real illustration of how those concepts can be applied in

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 everyday life. This allows the audience to become more engaged and understand the
concepts being presented more effectively.
6. Speaking Practice or Rehearsal
Speaking practice can be done in various ways, from practicing in front of a mirror to
work on body movements and facial expressions, to conducting speech simulations in front
of friends, family, orcolleagues to receive feedback and enhance speaking skills. Regular
speaking practice helps overcome nervousness and improves comfort when speaking in
front of a crowd. It also assists in adjusting pace, intonation, and appropriate body gestures,
thereby enhancing the appeal and quality of your speech.

D. The Adapting Speech For Strategies Communications For Various Purposes

According to Effendy (2011), communication strategy is effective planning in
delivering a message so that it is easily understood by the communicant and can accept what
has been conveyed so that it can change a person's attitude or behavior.
Meanwhile, according to Kulvisaechana (2001), communication strategy is the use of
a combination of communication facets which include communication frequency,
communication formality, communication content, communication channels.
How to Start an Effective Speech
1. Thank the announcer for introducing you and the audience for attending
Thanking the announcer for introducing you and the audience for attending at the top of
your speech can be very effective, as it creates an instant connection with the audience.
2. Name a famous figure
Another effective way to start a speech is to mention something done by a universally
known person that is related to what you are going to say. Famous figures generally
attract people's attention, so sharing a story that includes something they said or did will
likely catch your audience's attention.
3. Compliment your audience
Telling your audience what an honor it is for you to speak in front of them and letting
them know how much you respect them will likely improve their opinion of you and
make them listen more carefully to what you have to say.
4. Connect your message to current events
You can capture your audience's attention by connecting the overall theme of your speech
to a widely known current event. People are generally interested in newsworthy stories,
so they will likely be interested in what you have to say. However, it should be something

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 that is non-controversial and that most viewers will probably receive a positive response
to.
5. Connect your message to a historical event
Likewise, you can increase your listener's attention by connecting your message to a
famous historical event or figure. This can make your speech more credible because it
links your speech to the person or event you are referring to.
6. Create “what if” scenarios.
Opening with a “what if” question that is directly related to the overall topic will get the
audience to use their imagination and follow your thought process throughout the speech.
7. Make a strong statement followed by a question
Starting with a strong statement related to the context of your speech can grab your
audience's attention, and following up with a question will make them think about the
answer, as people are usually more likely to answer when asked a question. After getting
them to think about the answer to your question, they'll likely be interested in what you
have to say next.
8. Use familiarity
People tend to gravitate towards familiar information, so starting with phrases they
understand will increase their chances of continuing to listen to what you have to say.
9. Use your own strengths
It is best to start your speech in a way that is natural to you. If you are funny by nature,
you should include humor in your opening. Likewise, if precision is one of your
dominant traits, well-presented facts or statistics may be the most effective way to start.
10. Get straight to the point
If delivered with confidence, starting directly with the main part of the speech and
skipping the introduction can be very effective. A strong tone and strong body language
will help make this method more likely to create a positive effect on the audience.

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, mastering the art of preparing effective speeches for diverse purposes is
an invaluable skill that amalgamates careful planning, audience awareness, and dynamic
communication techniques. A successful speech is not merely a transfer of information but a
compelling narrative that captivates, informs, and resonates with the audience. By
understanding the intricacies of audience dynamics, defining a clear purpose, and crafting
well-researched and organized content, speakers can establish a meaningful connection with
their listeners. Moreover, the use of engaging language, effective visual aids, and interactive
techniques elevates the impact of the speech. Rehearsal and adaptability add the finishing
touches, ensuring a polished delivery that can adeptly respond to audience reactions and
unexpected twists. Ultimately, the ability to prepare and deliver effective speeches empowers
individuals to convey their message with clarity, conviction, and a lasting influence on their
audience.

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 REFERENCES
1. Carnegie, D. (1915). "The Art of Public Speaking." New York: Dale Carnegie Training.
2. Gallo, C. (2014). "Talk Like TED: The 9 Public-Speaking Secrets of the World's Top
Minds." St. Martin's Press.
3. Lucas, S. E. (2018). "The Art of Public Speaking." McGraw-Hill Education.
4. Heath, C., & Heath, D. (2007). "Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others
Die." Random House.
5. Detz, J. (2003). "How to Write & Give a Speech." St. Martin's Griffin.
6. Lucas, S. E. (2019). "Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition with
Public Speaking." McGraw-Hill Education.

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