Studies_Number and Algebra P1 [210 marks]

1. [6 marks]
Complete the following table by placing ticks (✓) to show which of the number sets N , Z , Q
, and R these numbers belong to. The first row has been completed as an example.
Markscheme

Note: Award (A1) for each completely correct row, (A0) otherwise.
[6 marks]
2a. [3 marks]
In this question, give your answers to the nearest whole number.

Criselda travelled to Kota Kinabalu in Malaysia. At the airport, she saw the following
information at the Currency Exchange counter.
This means the Currency Exchange counter would buy USD from a traveller and in
exchange return MYR at a rate of 1 USD=4.25 MYR . There is no commission charged.
Criselda changed 460 SGD to MYR .
Calculate the amount of MYR that Criselda received.

Markscheme
460 × 3.07 (A1)(M1)

Note: Award (A1) for selecting 3.07 as the exchange rate, (M1) for multiplying 460 by an
exchange rate from the table.

1412 ( MYR ) (A1) (C3)

Note: Do not award the final (A1) if the answer is to the wrong level of accuracy.
[3 marks]
2b. [3 marks]
While in Kota Kinabalu, Criselda spent 440 MYR . She returned to the Currency
Exchange counter and changed the remainder of her MYR into USD .
Calculate the amount of USD she received.

Markscheme
1412− 440
(M1)(M1)
4.45

Note: Award (M1) for their correct subtraction or for 972 ( 972.2 ) or their correct difference
seen. Award (M1) for dividing by 4.45 . Follow through from part (a).

218 ( USD ) (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Do not award the final (A1) if the answer is to the wrong level of accuracy.
[3 marks]
3a. [2 marks]
8
A geometric sequence has a first term of and a fourth term of 9.
3
Find the common ratio.

Markscheme
9= ( 83 )r 3
(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituted geometric sequence formula equated to 9 .
¿ (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
3b. [1 mark]
Write down the second term of this sequence.

Markscheme
4 (A1)(ft) (C1)
Note: Follow through from part (a).
[1 mark]
3c. [3 marks]
The sum of the first k terms is greater than 2500.
Find the smallest possible value of k .
Markscheme

2500<
( 3)
8
( ( 1.5 ) −1 )
k

(M1)
1.5 −1
Note: Award (M1) for their correctly substituted geometric series formula compared to
2500.
k =15.2 (15.17319 … ) (A1)(ft)
¿ (A1)(ft) (C3)
Note: Answer must be an integer for the final (A1)(ft) to be awarded.
Follow through from part (a).
[3 marks]
4a. [3 marks]
Siâ n invests 50 000 Australian dollars (AUD) into a savings account which pays a
nominal annual interest rate of 5.6 % compounded monthly.
Calculate the value of Siâ n’s investment after four years. Give your answer correct to two
decimal places.
Markscheme

( )
12 ×4
5.6
F V =50 000 1+ (M1)(A1)
100× 12

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into compound interest formula, (A1) for correct
substitution.

OR
N=4
I %=5.6
P V =( ∓ ) 50 000
P/Y =1
C /Y =12 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award (A1) for C /Y =12 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries.

OR
N=48
I %=5.6
P V =( ∓ ) 50 000
P/Y =12
C /Y =12 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award (A1) for C /Y =12 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries.

¿ (AUD) (A1) (C3)

Note: The final (A1) is not awarded if the answer is not correct to 2 decimal places.
[3 marks]
4b. [3 marks]
After the four-year period, Siâ n withdraws 40 000 AUD from her savings account and
uses this money to buy a car. It is known that the car will depreciate at a rate of 18 % per
year.
The value of the car will be 2500 AUD after t years.
Find the value of t .

Markscheme

( )
t
18
2500=40 000 1− OR 2500=40 000 ( 0.82 )t − 1 (M1)(A1)
100

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into compound interest formula or term of a geometric
sequence formula and equating to 2500, (A1) for correct substitution.
OR
I %=− 18
P V =( ± ) 40 000
F V =( ∓ ) 2500
P/Y =1
C /Y =1 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award (A1) for F V =( ∓ ) 2500 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries. P V and F V
must have opposite signs.

OR
32800 , 26896 , 22054.72 ,18084.87 , 14829.59 , … (M1)
t 13=3031.38 and t 14=2485.73 (A1)
Note: Award (M1) for a list of at least 5 correct terms beginning with 32800, (A1) for
identifying t 13 and t 14.
¿ (A1) (C3)

[3 marks]
5a. [2 marks]
A calculator fits into a cuboid case with height 29 mm, width 98 mm and length 186 mm.
Find the volume, in mm3, of this calculator case. Give your answer to two significant figures.
Markscheme
29 × 98 × 186 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into volume of a cuboid formula.
530 000 (mm3) (A1) (C2)
Note: Answer must be written to 2 sf for the final (A1) to be awarded.
[2 marks]
5b. [2 marks]
Write down your answer to part (a) in the form a × 10k where 1 ≤ a < 10 and k ∈ Z .

Markscheme
5.3 × 105 (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from part (a).
Award (A0)(A0) for answers of the type 53 × 104.
[2 marks]
5c. [2 marks]
Find the volume, in cm3, of this calculator case.
Markscheme
evidence of 10 mm = 1 cm (A1)
Note: Award (A1) for dividing their volume from part (a) or part (b) by 1000.
529 (cm3) (528.612 (cm3)) (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from parts (a) or (b). Accept answers written in scientific notation.
[2 marks]
6a. [3 marks]
Devra invested k US dollars (USD) in an account that pays a nominal annual interest rate of
3.1 %, compounded monthly. After 6 years she has 1100 USD in the account.
Calculate the value of k . Give your answer to 2 decimal places.
Markscheme

( )
(6 )(12)
3.1
1100=PV × 1+ (M1)(A1)
( 100 ) ( 12 )

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into compound interest formula, (A1) for correct
substitution.
OR
N=6
I% = 3.1
FV = ±1100
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 12 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
OR
N = 72
I% = 3.1
FV = ±1100
P/Y = 12
C/Y = 12 (M1)(A1))
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
($) 913.52 (A1) (C3)
[3 marks]
6b. [3 marks]
Devra then bought a computer that cost 1100 USD and sold it 4 years later for 350 USD.
Find the rate at which the computer depreciated per year.
Markscheme

( )
(4)(1)
r
350=1100× 1+ OR 350=1100 × ( 1+r )4 (M1)(A1)
(100 )( 1 )

Note: Award (M1) for a substituted compound interest formula, in either form, equated to
350, (A1) for correct substitution.
OR

350=1100×r
4
(M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for a substituted term of a geometric sequence formula equated to 350,
(A1) for correct substitution.
OR
N=4
FV = ±350
PV = ∓1100
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 1 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 1 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
FV and PV must have opposite signs.
24.9 % (24.8950…%, 0.249) (A1) (C3)
[3 marks]
7a. [4 marks]
 3
Place the numbers 2 π , −5 , 3− 1 and 2 2 in the correct position on the Venn diagram.

Markscheme

(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1) (C4)
Note: Award (A1) for each number in the correct position.
[4 marks]
7b. [2 marks]
In the table indicate which two of the given statements are true by placing a tick (✔) in the
right hand column.

Markscheme

(A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for each correctly placed tick.
[2 marks]
8a. [3 marks]
A sphere with diameter 3 474 000 metres can model the shape of the Moon.
Use this model to calculate the circumference of the Moon in kilometres. Give your full
calculator display.

Markscheme
3 474 000 × π
(M1)(M1)
1000
Note: Award (M1) for correct numerator and (M1) for dividing by 1000 OR equivalent,
3 474 000 × 2× π
such as ie diameter.
2000
Do not accept use of area formula ie π r 2.
10 913.89287… (km) (A1) (C3)
[3 marks]

8b. [1 mark]
Give your answer to part (a) correct to three significant figures.
Markscheme
10 900 (km) (A1)(ft) (C1)
Note: Follow through from part (a).
[1 mark]

8c. [2 marks]
Write your answer to part (b) in the form a × 10k , where 1 ≤ a < 10 , k ∈ Z .

Markscheme
1.09 × 104 (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from part (b) only. Award (A1)(ft) for 1.09, and (A1)(ft) × 104.
Award (A0)(A0) for answers of the type: 10.9 × 103.
[2 marks]

9a. [3 marks]
Consider the following sets:
The universal set U consists of all positive integers less than 15;
A is the set of all numbers which are multiples of 3;
B is the set of all even numbers.
Write down the elements that belong to A ∩ B.
Markscheme
A = {3, 6, 9, 12} AND B = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14} (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for listing all elements of sets A and B. May be seen in part (b). Condone
the inclusion of 15 in set A when awarding the (M1).
6, 12 (A1)(A1) (C3)
Note: Award (A1) for each correct element. Award (A1)(A0) if one additional value seen.
Award (A0)(A0) if two or more additional values are seen.
[3 marks]
9b. [2 marks]
Write down the elements that belong to A ∩ B′ .
Markscheme
3, 9 (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from part (a) but only if their A and B are explicitly listed.
Award (A1)(ft) for each correct element. Award (A1)(A0) if one additional value seen.
Award (A0)(A0) if two or more additional values are seen.
[2 marks]
9c. [1 mark]

Write down n ( A ∩ B′ ).

Markscheme
2 (A1)(ft) (C1)
Note: Follow through from part (b)(i).
[1 mark]
10a. [2 marks]
Little Green island originally had no turtles. After 55 turtles were introduced to the island,
their population is modelled by
−t
N ( t )=a ×2 +10 , t ≥ 0 ,
where a is a constant and t is the time in years since the turtles were introduced.

Find the value of a .

Markscheme
55=a ×2 +10 (M1)
0

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of zero and 55 into the function.
45 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
10b. [2 marks]
Find the time, in years, for the population to decrease to 20 turtles.

Markscheme
−t
45 × 2 + 10≤ 20 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for comparing correct expression involving 20 and their 45. Accept an
equation.
t=2.17 (2.16992…) (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from their part (a), but only if positive.
Answer must be in years; do not accept months for the final (A1).
[2 marks]
10c. [2 marks]
There is a number m beyond which the turtle population will not decrease.
Find the value of m . Justify your answer.

Markscheme
m=¿ 10 (A1)
because as the number of years increases the number of turtles approaches 10 (R1)
(C2)
Note: Award (R1) for a sketch with an asymptote at approximately y=10 ,
OR for table with values such as 10.003 and 10.001 for t=14 and t=15, for example,
OR when t approaches large numbers y approaches 10. Do not award (A1)(R0).
[2 marks]
11a. [2 marks]
In this question, give all answers to two decimal places.
Velina travels from New York to Copenhagen with 1200 US dollars (USD). She exchanges
her money to Danish kroner (DKK). The exchange rate is 1 USD = 7.0208 DKK.
Calculate the amount that Velina receives in DKK.
Markscheme
1200 × 7.0208 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying by 7.0208.
8424.96 (DKK) (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
11b. [2 marks]
At the end of her trip Velina has 3450 DKK left that she exchanges to USD. The bank
charges a 5 % commission. The exchange rate is still 1 USD = 7.0208 DKK .
Calculate the amount, in DKK, that will be left to exchange after commission.

Markscheme
0.95 × 3450 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying 3450 by 0.95 (or equivalent).
3277.50 (DKK) (A1) (C2)
Note: The answer must be given to two decimal places unless already penalized in part (a).
[2 marks]
11c. [2 marks]
Hence, calculate the amount of USD she receives.

Markscheme
3277.50
(M1)
7.0208
Note: Follow through from part (b)(i). Award (M1) for dividing their part (b)(i) by 7.0208.
466.83 (USD) (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: The answer must be given to two decimal places unless already penalized in parts (a)
or (b)(i).
[2 marks]
12a. [1 mark]
The width of a rectangular garden is 4.5 metres shorter than its length, which is x metres.
Write down an expression for the width of the garden in terms of x .

Markscheme
x − 4.5 (A1) (C1)
Note: Accept w=x −4.5 OR width¿ x − 4.5.
[1 mark]
12b. [1 mark]
The perimeter of the garden is 111 m.
Write down an equation for the perimeter of the garden in terms of x .

Markscheme
2 x+ 2 ( x −4.5 )=111 (A1)(ft) (C1)
Note: Follow through from their expression for the width from part (a).
[1 mark]
12c. [2 marks]
Find the value of x .

Markscheme
4 x − 9=111 (or equivalent) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly removing the parentheses and collecting x terms. This may
be seen in part (b).
( x=¿) 30 (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from their equation from part (b) provided x >4.5 .
[2 marks]
12d. [2 marks]
A gardener measured the length of the garden as 25 m.
Find the percentage error in his measurement.

Markscheme

|2530−30|×100 % (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the percentage error formula. Accept a
method in two steps where “×100” is implicit from their answer.
16.7 (%) (16.6666…) (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from their answer in (c). Award at most (M1)(A0) for a final answer
that is negative.
[2 marks]
13a. [3 marks]
The volume of a hemisphere, V, is given by the formula

V=
√ 4 S3 ,
243 π
where S is the total surface area.
The total surface area of a given hemisphere is 350 cm2.
Calculate the volume of this hemisphere in cm3.
Give your answer correct to one decimal place.
Markscheme

√ √
3
4 ( 350 ) OR 171500 000 (M1)
243 π 763.407 …

Note: Award (M1) for substitution of 350 into volume formula.

= 473.973… (A1)
= 474 (cm3) (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: The final (A1)(ft) is awarded for rounding their answer to 1 decimal place provided
the unrounded answer is seen.

[3 marks]
13b. [1 mark]
Write down your answer to part (a) correct to the nearest integer.
Markscheme
474 (cm3) (A1)(ft) (C1)
Note: Follow through from part (a).

[1 mark]
13c. [2 marks]
Write down your answer to part (b) in the form a × 10k , where 1 ≤ a < 10 and k ∈ Z .

Markscheme
4.74 × 102 (cm3) (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (b) only.

Award (A0)(A0) for answers of the type 0.474 × 103.

[2 marks]
14a. [2 marks]
Harry travelled from the USA to Mexico and changed 700 dollars (USD) into pesos (MXN).
The exchange rate was 1 USD = 18.86 MXN.
Calculate the amount of MXN Harry received.
Markscheme
700 × 18.86 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplication by 18.86.
= 13 200 (13 202) (MXN) (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
14b. [2 marks]
On his return, Harry had 2400 MXN to change back into USD.
There was a 3.5 % commission to be paid on the exchange.
Calculate the value of the commission, in MXN, that Harry paid.

Markscheme
2400 × 0.035 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplication by 0.035.
= 84 (MXN) (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
14c. [2 marks]
The exchange rate for this exchange was 1 USD = 17.24 MXN.
Calculate the amount of USD Harry received. Give your answer correct to the nearest cent.

Markscheme
2400− their part (b)
(M1)
17.24
Note: Award (M1) for dividing 2400 minus their part (b), by 17.24. Follow through from
part (b).
= 134.34 (USD) (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Award at most (M1)(A0) if final answer is not given to nearest cent.

[2 marks]
15a. [1 mark]
The table shows the first five terms of three sequences: un , vn and wn.
State which sequence is arithmetic.

Markscheme
wn (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]
15b. [1 mark]
State which sequence is geometric.
Markscheme
un (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]
15c. [2 marks]
Find the exact value of the 11th term of the geometric sequence.

Markscheme
10 (2)11−1 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitutions into geometric sequence formula.

= 10 240 (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Exact answer only. Accuracy rules do not apply in this question part; do not accept
the 3 sf answer of 10 200.

[2 marks]
15d. [2 marks]
Find the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic sequence.

Markscheme
20 [ 2 ( 10 ) + ( 19 )( 10 ) ] 20 (10+ 200 )
OR (M1)
2 2

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitutions into arithmetic series formula.

= 2100 (A1)(ft) (C2)

[2 marks]
16a. [3 marks]
Nick has $150 000 in a trust fund. Each year he donates 8 % of the money remaining in his
trust fund to charity.
Determine the maximum number of years Nick can donate to charity while keeping at least
$50 000 in the trust fund.
Markscheme

( )
n
8
150 000 1 − =50 000 (A1)(M1)
100

Note: Award (A1) for correct substitution into compound interest formula or correct
substitution into the formula for term of a geometric sequence (where r = 0.92), (M1) for a
substituted compound interest formula equated to 50 000 or a substituted term of a
geometric sequence formula equated to 50 000.

OR
I% = −8 (A1)(M1)
PV = ±150 000
FV = ∓50 000
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 1
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 1 seen, (M1) for other correct entries. FV and PV must have
opposite sign.

OR
138 000, 126 960, 116 803.20, 107 458.94, 98 862.23, … (M1)
t13 = 50 737.96, t14 = 46 678.92 (A1)
Note: Award (M1) for a list of at least 5 correct terms beginning with 138 000, (A1) for
identifying t13 and t14.
n = 13.1757
13 years (A1) (C3)
Note: The answer must be an integer.

[3 marks]
16b. [3 marks]
Louise invests $200 000 in a bank account that pays a nominal interest rate of 5 %,
compounded quarterly, for eight years.
Calculate the value of Louise’s investment at the end of this time.
Give your answer correct to the nearest cent.

Markscheme

( )
8× 4
5
200 000 1+ (A1)(M1)
4 ( 100 )

Note: Award (M1) for substituted compound interest formula, (A1) for correct
substitutions.

OR
N=8 (A1)(M1)
I% = 5
PV = ±200 000
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 4
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 4 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.

OR
N = 32 (A1)(M1)
I% = 5
PV = ±200 000
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 4

Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 4 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.

= ($) 297 626.10 (A1) (C3)

Note: Answer must be given correct to two decimal places.

[3 marks]

17a. [1 mark]
A solid glass paperweight consists of a hemisphere of diameter 6 cm on top of a cuboid
with a square base of length 6 cm, as shown in the diagram.
The height of the cuboid, x cm, is equal to the height of the hemisphere.
Write down the value of x.

Markscheme
3 (cm) (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]
17b. [3 marks]
Calculate the volume of the paperweight.
Markscheme
units are required in part (a)(ii)

3
1 4 π ×(3 )
× +3 × ( 6 )2 (M1)(M1)
2 3
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution in volume of sphere formula divided by 2,
(M1) for adding their correctly substituted volume of the cuboid.

= 165 cm3 (164.548…) (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: The answer is 165 cm3; the units are required. Follow through from part (a)(i).

[3 marks]
17c. [2 marks]
1 cm3 of glass has a mass of 2.56 grams.
Calculate the mass, in grams, of the paperweight.

Markscheme
their 164.548… × 2.56 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying their part (a)(ii) by 2.56.

= 421 (g) (421.244…(g)) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (a)(ii).
[2 marks]
18a. [2 marks]
Each year the soccer team, Peterson United, plays 25 games at their home stadium. The
owner of Peterson United claimed that last year the mean attendance per game at their
home stadium was 24500.
Based on the owner’s claim, calculate the total attendance for the games at Peterson
United’s home stadium last year.

Markscheme
24500 × 25 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying 24500 by 25.
= 613000 (612500) (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
18b. [2 marks]
The actual total attendance last year was 617700.
Calculate the percentage error in the owner’s claim.
Markscheme

|612500617700
−617700
|×100 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the percentage error formula.
= 0.842 (0.841832) (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from part (a).
[2 marks]
18c. [2 marks]
Write down your answer to part (b) in the form a × 10k where 1 ≤ a < 10, k ∈ Z .

Markscheme
8.42 × 10−1 (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Award (A0)(A0) for answers of the type 84.2 × 10−2. Follow through from part (b).
Ignore ‘%’ sign.

[2 marks]
19a. [3 marks]
Matryoshka dolls, or Russian dolls, are similarly designed dolls which open up and fit inside
each other.
The largest set of these type of dolls is a 51 piece set which was completed in 2003. The
height of the largest piece in this set is 54 cm. The heights of successive smaller dolls are 94
% of the preceding larger doll, as shown.
Find the height of the smallest doll in this set.

Markscheme
54 × (0.94)50 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into geometric sequence formula, (A1) for correct
substitution.
2.45 (cm) (2.44785… cm) (A1) (C3)
[3 marks]
19b. [3 marks]
Find the total height if all 51 dolls were placed one on top of another.
Markscheme
54 × ( 1 − ( 0.94 )51 )
(or equivalent) (M1)(A1)(ft)
1 −0.94
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into geometric series formula, (A1)(ft) for correct
substitution using their common ratio from part (a).
= 862 (cm) (861.650…(cm)) (A1)(ft) (C3)
[3 marks]
20a. [2 marks]
A solid right circular cone has a base radius of 21 cm and a slant height of 35 cm.
A smaller right circular cone has a height of 12 cm and a slant height of 15 cm, and is
removed from the top of the larger cone, as shown in the diagram.
Calculate the radius of the base of the cone which has been removed.

Markscheme
√ 152 − 122 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into Pythagoras theorem.

OR
radius 15
= (M1)
21 35
Note: Award (M1) for a correct equation.
= 9 (cm) (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
20b. [2 marks]
Calculate the curved surface area of the cone which has been removed.

Markscheme
π ×9 ×15 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into curved surface area of a cone formula.

¿ 424 c m2 ( 135 π , 424.115 . .. c m2) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (a).

[2 marks]
20c. [2 marks]
Calculate the curved surface area of the remaining solid.
Markscheme
π ×21 ×35 − 424.115. .. (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into curved surface area of a cone formula
and for subtracting their part (b).

¿ 1880 c m2 ( 600 π ,1884.95 . . . c m2 ) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (b).

[2 marks]
21a. [2 marks]
Sergei is training to be a weightlifter. Each day he trains at the local gym by lifting a metal
bar that has heavy weights attached. He carries out successive lifts. After each lift, the same
amount of weight is added to the bar to increase the weight to be lifted.
The weights of each of Sergei’s lifts form an arithmetic sequence.
Sergei’s friend, Yuri, records the weight of each lift. Unfortunately, last Monday, Yuri
misplaced all but two of the recordings of Sergei’s lifts.
On that day, Sergei lifted 21 kg on the third lift and 46 kg on the eighth lift.
For that day find how much weight was added after each lift.

Markscheme
5d = 46 − 21 OR u1 + 2d = 21 and u1 + 7d = 46 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for a correct equation in d or for two correct equations in u1 and d.
(d =) 5 (kg) (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
21b. [2 marks]
For that day find the weight of Sergei’s first lift.
Markscheme
u1 + 2 × 5 = 21 (M1)
OR
u1 + 7 × 5 = 46 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution of their d into either of the two equations.
(u1 =) 11 (kg) (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from part (a)(i).
[2 marks]
21c. [2 marks]
On that day, Sergei made 12 successive lifts. Find the total combined weight of these lifts.

Markscheme
12
( 2 ×11+ ( 12 −1 ) ×5 ) (M1)
2
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into arithmetic series formula.
= 462 (kg) (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from parts (a) and (b).
[2 marks]
22a. [2 marks]
Julio is making a wooden pencil case in the shape of a large pencil. The pencil case consists
of a cylinder attached to a cone, as shown.
The cylinder has a radius of r cm and a height of 12 cm.
The cone has a base radius of r cm and a height of 10 cm.

Find an expression for the slant height of the cone in terms of r.

Markscheme
(slant height2 =) 102 + r 2 (M1)
Note: For correct substitution of 10 and r into Pythagoras’ Theorem.

√ 102 +r 2 (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
22b. [4 marks]
The total external surface area of the pencil case rounded to 3 significant figures is 570 cm 2.
Using your graphic display calculator, calculate the value of r.
Markscheme
π r 2+ 2 π r ×12+ π r √ 100+r 2=570 (M1)(M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution in curved surface area of cylinder and area of
the base, (M1) for their correct substitution in curved surface area of cone, (M1) for adding
their 3 surface areas and equating to 570. Follow through their part (a).
= 4.58 (4.58358...) (A1)(ft) (C4)
Note: Last line must be seen to award final (A1). Follow through from part (a).
[4 marks]
23a. [3 marks]
Last year a South American candy factory sold 4.8 × 108 spherical sweets. Each sweet has a
diameter of 2.5 cm.
The factory is producing an advertisement showing all of these sweets placed in a straight
line.

Find the length, in cm, of this line. Give your answer in the form a × 10k , where 1 ≤ a < 10
and k ∈ Z .
Markscheme
4.8 × 108 × 2.5 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying by 2.5.
1.2 × 109 (cm) (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C3)
Note: Award (A0)(A0) for answers of the type 12 × 108.
[3 marks]
23b. [1 mark]
The advertisement claims that the length of this line is x times the length of the Amazon
River. The length of the Amazon River is 6400 km.
Write down the length of the Amazon River in cm.

Markscheme
640 000 000 (cm) (6.4 × 108 (cm)) (A1)
[1 mark]
23c. [2 marks]
Find the value of x.
Markscheme
9
1.2 ×10
8 (M1)
6.4 ×10
Note: Award (M1) for division by 640 000 000.
= 1.88 (1.875) (A1)(ft) (C3)
Note: Follow through from part (a) and part (b)(i).
[2 marks]
24a. [4 marks]
The following table shows four different sets of numbers: N , Z , Q and R .

Complete the second column of the table by giving one example of a number from each set.

Markscheme

(A1)
(A1)(A1)(A1)(C4)
[4 marks]

24b. [2 marks]
Josh states: “Every integer is a natural number”.
Write down whether Josh’s statement is correct. Justify your answer.

Markscheme
Incorrect (A1)
Natural numbers are positive integers. Integers can also be negative. (or equivalent) (R1)
(C2)
Note: Accept a correct justification. Do not award (R0)(A1).
Accept: a statement with an example of an integer which is not natural.
[2 marks]
25a. [3 marks]
In this question, give all answers to two decimal places.
Karl invests 1000 US dollars (USD) in an account that pays a nominal annual interest of
3.5%, compounded quarterly. He leaves the money in the account for 5 years.
Calculate the amount of money he has in the account after 5 years.
Markscheme

( )
4 ×5
3.5
1000 1+ (M1)(A1)
4 ×100

Note: Award (M1) for substitution in compound interest formula, (A1) for correct
substitution.
OR
N=5
I = 3.5
PV = 1000
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 4
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 4 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
OR
N=5×4
I = 3.5
PV = 1000
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 4
Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 4 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
= 1190.34 (USD) (A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution in compound interest formula, (A1) for correct
substitution.
[3 marks]
25b. [1 mark]
Write down the amount of interest he earned after 5 years.

Markscheme
190.34 (USD) (A1)(ft) (C4)
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for subtraction of 1000 from their part (a)(i). Follow through from
(a)(i).
[1 mark]
25c. [2 marks]
Karl decides to donate this interest to a charity in France. The charity receives 170 euros
(EUR). The exchange rate is 1 USD = t EUR.
Calculate the value of t.

Markscheme
170
(M1)
190.34
Note: Award (M1) for division of 170 by their part (a)(ii).
= 0.89 (A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Follow through from their part (a)(ii).
[2 marks]
26a. [3 marks]
A park in the form of a triangle, ABC, is shown in the following diagram. AB is 79 km and BC
∧
is 62 km. Angle A BC is 52°.

Calculate the length of side AC in km.

Markscheme
(AC2 =) 622 + 792 − 2 × 62 × 79 × cos(52°) (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substituting in the cosine rule formula, (A1) for correct substitution.
63.7 (63.6708…) (km) (A1) (C3)
[3 marks]
26b. [3 marks]
Calculate the area of the park.

Markscheme
1
× 62 × 79 × sin(52°) (M1)(A1)
2
Note: Award (M1) for substituting in the area of triangle formula, (A1) for correct
substitution.
1930 km2 (1929.83…km2) (A1) (C3)
[3 marks]
27a. [3 marks]
The speed of light is 300 000 kilometres per second. The average distance from the Sun to
the Earth is 149.6 million km.
Calculate the time, in minutes, it takes for light from the Sun to reach the Earth.
Markscheme
149600000
(M1)(M1)
300000× 60

Note: Award (M1) for dividing the correct numerator (which can be presented in a
different form such as 149.6 ×10 6 or 1.496 ×10 8) by 300 000 and (M1) for dividing by 60.

¿ 8.31( minutes)( 8.31111… ,8 minutes 19 seconds) (A1) (C3)

[3 marks]
27b. [3 marks]
A light-year is the distance light travels in one year and is equal to 9 467 280 million km.
Polaris is a bright star, visible from the Northern Hemisphere. The distance from the Earth
to Polaris is 323 light-years.
Find the distance from the Earth to Polaris in millions of km. Give your answer in the form
a × 10 with 1 ≤ a<10 and k ∈ Z .
k
Markscheme
323 ×9467 280 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for multiplying 323 by 9 467 280, seen with any power of 10; therefore
only penalizing incorrect power of 10 once.

9 9
¿ 3.06 ×10 (¿ 3.05793 … ×10 ) (A1)(A1) (C3)

Note: Award (A1) for 3.06.

Award (A1) for ×10 9

Award (A0)(A0) for answers of the type: 30.6 ×10 8

[3 marks]
28a. [2 marks]
In this question, give all answers correct to 2 decimal places.
Jose travelled from Buenos Aires to Sydney. He used Argentine pesos, ARS, to buy 350
Australian dollars, AUD, at a bank. The exchange rate was 1 ARS = 0.1559 AUD.
Use this exchange rate to calculate the amount of ARS that is equal to 350 AUD.

Markscheme
Note: In this question, the first time an answer is not to 2 dp the final (A1) is not
awarded.
 350
(M1)
0.1559

Note: Award (M1) for dividing 350 by 0.1559.

¿ 2245.03( ARS) (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
28b. [2 marks]
The bank charged Jose a commission of 2%.
Calculate the total amount of ARS Jose paid to get 350 AUD.

Markscheme
2245.03 ×1.02 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for multiplying their answer to part (a) by 1.02.

¿ 2289.93( ARS) (A1)(ft) (C2)

OR
2245.03 ×0.02 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for multiplying their answer to part (a) by 0.02.
¿ 44.9006
2245.03+ 44.90
¿ 2289.93( ARS) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (a).

[2 marks]
28c. [2 marks]
Jose used his credit card to pay his hotel bill in Sydney. The bill was 585 AUD. The value the
credit card company charged for this payment was 4228.38 ARS. The exchange rate used
by the credit card company was 1 AUD = x ARS. No commission was charged.
Find the value of x .

Markscheme
4228.38
(M1)
585

Note: Award (M1) for dividing 4228.38 by 585.

¿ 7.23 (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
29a. [2 marks]
Juan buys a bicycle in a sale. He gets a discount of 30% off the original price and pays 560
US dollars (USD).
Calculate the original price of the bicycle.

Markscheme
560
×100 (or equivalent) (M1)
70

Note: Award (M1) for dividing 560 by 0.7 or equivalent.

¿ 800(USD) (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
29b. [4 marks]
To buy the bicycle, Juan takes a loan of 560 USD for 6 months at a nominal annual interest
rate of 75%, compounded monthly. Juan believes that the total amount he will pay will be
less than the original price of the bicycle.
Calculate the difference between the original price of the bicycle and the total amount Juan
will pay.
Markscheme

( )
1
75 12 ×
560 1+ 2
(M1)(A1)
12 ×100

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into interest formula, (A1) for their correct
substitution.

OR
1
N=
2
I % =75
PV =(±) 560
P/Y =1
C /Y =12 (A1)(M1)

Note: Award (A1) for C /Y =12 seen, (M1) for all other entries correct.
OR
N=6
I % =75
PV =(±) 560
P/Y =12
C /Y =12 (A1)(M1)

Note: Award (A1) for C /Y =12 seen, (M1) for all other entries correct.

¿ 805.678 … (USD) (A1)

Note: Award (A3) for 805.678… (806) seen without working.

(Juan spends) 5.68 (USD) (5.67828… USD) (more than the original price) (A1)(ft) (C4)
[4 marks]
30a. [2 marks]
The first three terms of a geometric sequence are u1=486 , u2=162 , u3=54 .
Find the value of r , the common ratio of the sequence.

Markscheme
162 54
OR (M1)
486 162

Note: Award (M1) for dividing any un +1 by un.

 1
¿ (0.333 , 0.333333 …) (A1) (C2)
3
[2 marks]
30b. [2 marks]
Find the value of n for which un =2.

Markscheme

()
n −1
1
486 =2 (M1)
3

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into geometric sequence formula.

n=6 (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (a).

Award (A1)(A0) for u6 =2 or u6 with or without working.

[2 marks]
30c. [2 marks]
Find the sum of the first 30 terms of the sequence.
Markscheme

( )
30
1
486 1−
3
S30= (M1)
1
1−
3

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into geometric series formula.

¿ 729 (A1)(ft) (C2)

[2 marks]
31a. [3 marks]
Arthur and Jacob dream of owning a speedboat that costs 35 300 euros (EUR).
Arthur invested x EUR in an account that pays a nominal annual interest rate of 3.6%,
compounded monthly. After 18 years he will have 35 300 EUR in the account.
Calculate the value of Arthur’s initial investment, x . Give your answer to two decimal
places.
Markscheme

( )
12 ×18
3.6
35 300=P V 1+ (M1)(A1)
100 ×12

Note: Accept “ x ” instead of P V . Award (M1) for substitution into compound interest
formula, (A1) for correct substitution.

OR
N=18
I %=3.6
F V =(±)35300
P/Y =1
C /Y =12 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award (A1) for C /Y =12 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries.

OR
N=216
I %=3.6
F V =(±)35300
P/Y =12
C /Y =12 (A1)(M1)

Note: Award (A1) for C /Y =12 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries.

P V =18483.03 (A1) (C3)

[3 marks]
31b. [3 marks]
Jacob invested 9000 EUR for n years. The investment has a nominal annual interest rate of
3.2% and is compounded quarterly. After n years, the investment will be worth 35 300
EUR.
Find the value of n .
Markscheme

( )
4 ×n
3.2
35 300=9000 1+ (M1)(A1)
100 ×4

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into compound interest formula and equating to
35 300, (A1) for correct substitution.

OR
I %=3.2
P V =(±) 9000
F V =(∓)35 300
P/Y =1
C /Y =4 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award (A1) for C /Y =4 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries.

OR
I %=3.2
P V =(±)9000
F V =(∓)35 300
P/Y =4
C /Y =4 (A1)(M1)

Note: Award (A1) for C /Y =4 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries.

n=43 (A1) (C3)

[3 marks]
32a. [2 marks]
In the Canadian city of Ottawa:
97 % of the population speak English ,
38 % of the population speak French,
36 % of the population speak both English∧French.
Calculate the percentage of the population of Ottawa that speak English but not French.
Markscheme
97 − 36 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for subtracting 36 from 97.

OR

(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for 61 and 36 seen in the correct places in the Venn diagram.

¿ 61(% ) (A1) (C2)

Note: Accept 61.0 (%).

[2 marks]
32b. [2 marks]
The total population of Ottawa is 985 000 .
Calculate the number of people in Ottawa that speak both English and French.

Markscheme
36
× 985 000 (M1)
100

Note: Award (M1) for multiplying 0.36 (or equivalent) by 985 000 .

¿ 355 000(354 600) (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
32c. [2 marks]
Write down your answer to part (b) in the form a × 10k where 1 ≤ a<10 and k ∈ Z .
Markscheme
5 5
3.55 ×10 (3.546 × 10 ) (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Award (A1)(ft) for 3.55 (3.546) must match part (b), and (A1)(ft) ×10 5.

Award (A0)(A0) for answers of the type: 35.5 ×10 4. Follow through from part (b).

[2 marks]
33a. [3 marks]
The company Snakezen’s Ladders makes ladders of different lengths. All the ladders that
the company makes have the same design such that:
the first rung is 30 cm from the base of the ladder,
the second rung is 57 cm from the base of the ladder,
the distance between the first and second rung is equal to the distance between all adjacent
rungs on the ladder.
The ladder in the diagram was made by this company and has eleven equally spaced rungs.
Find the distance from the base of this ladder to the top rung.
Markscheme
30+(11−1)× 27 (M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substituted arithmetic sequence formula, (A1) for correct
substitutions.

¿ 300(cm) (A1) (C3)

Note: Units are not required.

[3 marks]
33b. [3 marks]
The company also makes a ladder that is 1050 cm long.
Find the maximum number of rungs in this 1050 cm long ladder.
Markscheme
1050 ≥ 30+(n − 1)×27 (M1)(A1)(ft)

Note: Award (M1) for substituted arithmetic sequence formula ≤ 1050, accept an
equation, (A1) for correct substitutions.

n=38 (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Follow through from their 27 in part (a). The answer must be an integer and
rounded down.

[3 marks]
34a. [3 marks]
Daniela is going for a holiday to South America. She flies from the US to Argentina stopping
in Peru on the way.
In Peru she exchanges 85 United States dollars (USD) for Peruvian nuevo sol (PEN). The
exchange rate is 1 USD = 3.25 PEN and a flat fee of 5 USD commission is charged.
Calculate the amount of PEN she receives.
Markscheme
(85 −5)×3.25 (M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for subtracting 5 from 85, (M1) for multiplying by 3.25.
Award (M1) for 85 ×3.25 , (M1) for subtracting 5 ×3.25 .

¿ 260(PEN ) (A1) (C3)

[3 marks]
34b. [3 marks]
At the end of Daniela’s holiday she has 370 Argentinean peso (ARS). She converts this back
to USD at a bank that charges a 4% commission on the exchange. The exchange rate is 1
USD = 9.60 ARS.
Calculate the amount of USD she receives.
Markscheme
(370 × 0.96)
(M1)(M1)
9.6

Note: Award (M1) for multiplying by 0.96 (or equivalent), (M1) for dividing by 9.6. If
division by 3.25 seen in part (a), condone multiplication by 9.6 in part (b).

¿ 37(USD) (A1) (C3)

[3 marks]
35a. [2 marks]
A type of candy is packaged in a right circular cone that has volume 100 c m3 and vertical
height 8 cm.
Find the radius, r , of the circular base of the cone.

Markscheme
1 2
100= π r ( 8) (M1)
3

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into volume of cone formula.

r =3.45(cm) ( 3.45494 …(cm) ) (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
35b. [2 marks]
Find the slant height, l , of the cone.
Markscheme
2 2
l =8 +¿ (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into Pythagoras’ theorem.

l=8.71 (cm) ( 8.71416 … (cm) ) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (a).

[2 marks]
35c. [2 marks]
Find the curved surface area of the cone.
Markscheme
π ×3.45494 … × 8.71416 … (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitutions into curved surface area of a cone
formula.

2 2
¿ 94.6 c m (94.5836 … c m ) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from parts (a) and (b). Accept 94.4 c m2 from use of 3 sf values.

[2 marks]

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