9 ADV- Biology-

EoT-Coverage-
‘Haikal’ for
Term 1 - 2023
 Q.1: Describe the function of enzymes as biological catalysts and their importance
in living organisms. (Figure 18: Page:18)

Importance in living Organism Enzymes are biological catalysts that

Digestion of food begins in the mouth when amylase (enzyme) speeds the speed up the rate of chemical reactions
breakdown of amylose, one of the components of starch. Lipase breaks in biological processes by lowering
down fats and protease breaks down proteins. activation energy.
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration provide energy for the cell with the
help of enzymes
The minimum amount of energy needed
for a chemical reaction is called ____.

A) product threshold
B) absorbent energy
C) principle mass
D) activation energy
Q.2: Describe the function of enzymes as biological catalysts and their importance
in living organisms (Figure 15: Page:16)

The minimum amount of

energy needed for reactants
to form products is called
activation energy.
 h
What is the function of the enzyme-substrate complex?

A) destroy the enzyme

B) prevent bondage at the active site
C) stop chemical reactions
D) break and forming chemical bonds 1
What kind of chemical reaction does this energy 1
2
2
diagram show? 3
3
4
4
A) exothermic
B) endothermic
C) ionic
D) mass creating

The specific location where a substrate binds to an

enzyme is called the ____.

A) active site
B) enzyme-substrate complex
C) binding point
D) catalyst
Q.3: Differentiate between the functions of the group. (Table.1: Page:28)
 Which class of macromolecules store and
communicate genetic information?
A carbohydrates
B lipids
C proteins
D nucleic acids

Which of the following is NOT a biological You are analyzing a compound in a laboratory.
function of lipids? You find that it is made up of carbon, hydrogen,
A cushioning and insulation and oxygen in a ratio of two hydrogen atoms
B precursors to the synthesis of signaling for each carbon atom. How will you classify the
molecules compound?
C store energy A carbohydrate
D speeding up reactions B lipid
C protein
D nucleic acid
 Q.4: Identify the principles of the cell theory. (Page:42)

Principles of Cell Theory

➢ All living organisms are composed of one or
more cells.

➢ Cells are the basic unit of structure and

organization of all living organisms.

➢ Cells arise only from previously existing cells,

with cells passing copies of their genetic
material onto their daughter cells.
Which statement would not be included in a
summary of the cell theory?
A The cell is the basic unit of organization.
B All cells contain a nucleus that controls cell
division.
C All organisms are made up of at least one
cell.
D All cells come from other, preexisting cells.
Q.5: Describe, using diagrams, the general structures of the plasma membrane to
include phospholipid bilayer, proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol. (Page:46)
 Q.7: Distinguish the differences between methods of transport. (Figure:15. Page:57)

Macromolecules are transported into or out of the cell inside vesicles

via bulk transport.
Endocytosis – Cells engulf substances into a pouch, which becomes a
vesicle.
Exocytosis – Vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and secrete
contents
Different transport processes are used by organisms to carry
materials
into and out of their cells. Which transport mechanism is shown in
the
diagram above?

Exocytosis: bulk transport in which materials are transported out

of the cell.
Facilitated diffusion: molecules moving along their concentration
gradient with the help of transport proteins.
Endocytosis: bulk transport in which materials move into the cell.
Passive transport: molecules simply move along their
concentration gradient.
 Q.8: Compare and contrast active and passive transport. (Page:56)

PASSIVE TRANSPORT ACTIVE TRANSPORT

It takes place from high to The movement of particles across

low concentration only (down the cell membrane, against the
the concentration gradient) concentration gradient.

It doesn’t require energy requires energy (ATP)

sodium-potassium pump

These pumps are found in the

plasma membrane of animal cells.
They maintain levels of sodium
(Na+) and potassium (K+) inside
and outside the cell.
Uses ATP to move sodium ions out
of the cells and potassium ions
into the cell against their
concentration gradients.
Shape change of the active
transport carrier protein facilitates
its binding to two different ions.
Which movement of substances through a
Cell membrane against a concentration
Gradient requires energy?
A osmosis
B diffusion
C active transport
D facilitated diffusion
Q.10: Distinguish the differences between the Animal, Plant cells, and Prokaryotic cells.
(Figure:17. Page:59)
Why do many scientists think that prokaryotes
are similar to the first organisms on Earth?
A Prokaryote cells have a nucleus.
B The first organisms were all plantlike.
C Prokaryote cells have no nucleus.
D They have membrane-bound organelles.
Q.9: Compare and contrast plant, animal, and prokaryotic cells, in terms of the type,
shape, and position of their organelles. (Page:59)
On a laboratory exam, a student is asked to
determine if the cells under a microscope are
plant cells or animal cells. What might the
student look for?
A chloroplasts and a cell wall
B ribosomes and vacuoles
C a nucleus and ribosomes
D a cell membrane and mitochondria

Identify the given organism

This organism is eukaryotic, because it has multiple flagellum.
This organism is prokaryotic, because it does not contain
membrane-bound organelles.
This organism is eukaryotic, because it has a cell membrane.
This organism is prokaryotic, because it has ribosomes.
 Q.11:Compare the function 0f cell organelles. (Figure:26. Page:66)

• The Golgi apparatus is a

flattened stack of membranes
that modifies, sorts, and
packages proteins.

• Proteins are packaged into sacs

called vesicles, which can fuse to
the plasma membrane and
release the proteins to the
environment.
Q.12:Compare the function 0f cell organelles. (Figure:22. Page:63)

The nucleus of a cell

contains most of the
cell’s DNA, which stores
information used to
make proteins that
determine a cell’s
growth, function, and
reproduction.
Q.13:Describe the leaf tissue. (Figure:17. Page:92)
A) Cuticle: Waxy layer waterproofing upper leaves.
b) Upper epidermis: Upper layer of cells. No chloroplasts.
Protection.
c) Palisade Mesophyll: A tightly packed upper layer of
chloroplast containing cells.
d) Spongy Mesophyll: The lower layer of chloroplast
containing cells. Air spaces around them.
e) Lower Epidermis: The lower external layer of cells in the
leaf.
f) Vascular Bundle: Bundle of many vessels (xylem and
phloem) for transport.
g) Xylem: Living vascular system carrying water and
minerals throughout the plant.
h) Phloem: Living vascular system carrying dissolved sugars
and organic compounds throughout the plant.
i) Guard Cells: 2 cells surrounding stomata that control the
rate of gas and water exchange.
j) Stomata: Opening between guard cells for gas and water
exchange
Which of the following happens when plants
close their stomata on dry, sunny days?

increased water loss

increased water uptake
decreased CO2 loss
decreased CO2 uptake
 Q.14:Describe the different types of Plant Tropisms.. (Figure:8. Page:94)

➢ A tropism is a plant’s growth response to an external

stimulus.
➢ If growth is toward the stimulus, it is a positive tropism.
➢ If growth is away from the stimulus, it is a negative tropism.
Q.15:Describe the different types of stems. (Table:6. Page:91)
 Q.16:Describe the structure of the skin. (Figure:1. Page:110)

Keratin: OUTER LAYERS contain a protein called keratin which waterproofs and protects the tissue.
Melanin: INNER LAYERS of cells contain a pigment known as melanin which absorbs light energy
and protects the deeper cells from the damaging effect of ultraviolet rays of sunlight.
Which type of tissue contracts
causing hair and skin to stand up
and form a “goose bump?”
A muscle
B hair follicle
C sweat gland
D hair shaft
Which layer of the skin continually
divides by mitosis to replace cells that
are lost from the skin’s surface?
A fatty connective tissue
B inner epidermal layer
C the dermis
D melanin-producing cells
 Q.17:Research and describe the functions of the four tissue types found in the
integumentary system. (Page:112)

Functions of the Integumentary System

What characteristic of the skin is important for bone formation?

A Sweat absorbs body heat when it evaporates and cools the skin.
B Vitamin D is made when skin is exposed to ultraviolet light.
C Nerve endings in the dermis protect from scrapes and breaks.
D Intact skin prevents the entry of many microorganisms and foreign
substances.
Q.18:Compare and contrast the axial and appendicular skeleton. (Figure:6.
Page:115)

The human skeleton consists of

two divisions.

The axial skeleton includes the

skull, vertebral column, the ribs,
and the sternum. It helps for a
structural framework for the body.

The appendicular skeleton includes

the bones of the shoulders, arms,
hands, hips, legs, and feet which
help for movement.
Q.19:Compare and contrast the three types of muscle tissues (Figure:10. Page:121)
Which type of muscle is under
conscious control?
A smooth muscle
B skeletal muscle
C cardiac muscle
D involuntary muscles

Artery
Q.20:Describe the events that occur during muscle contraction at the cellular and
molecular level. (Figure:12. Page:123)
What does the illustration below describe about
muscles?
A Muscles always push but never pull.
B One muscle in a pair relaxes as the other
contracts.
C Sarcomeres lengthen as muscles contract.
D Paired muscles contract at the same time.
Wish you all the success……….
May Allah help you all….