Kielsteg Manual 2019

KIELSTEG –
Light and wide

The handbook for the wooden roof and floor elements with
outstanding structural performance.
www.kielsteg.com
Preface
Building with wood is in. New wooden buildings, both in urban and country settings,
are being built all the time, and the trend is attracting media attention. Changes in
society, technological progress and the need for sustainability are driving the
development. We are seeing wood in a new way and it is set to be a major
construction material of the 21st century.
At Kielsteg, we are fired up about being part of the sustainable building revolution
and to help things along, we have produced this new and improved 2nd edition of our
handbook. It is intended as a guide to modern wood construction with the innovative
Kielsteg elements.
What is Kielsteg? How can you use it and work with it? What are its characteristics in
terms of building physics – moisture, thermal insulation and acoustics? What
fastenings do you need to use, in what arrangement? This book gives answers to all
of these questions. We also present a series of Kielsteg reference projects so that
you can see how it has already been successfully used.
We’ve done our best to compile the most interesting and useful information about
Kielsteg in this book, and hope you find it inspiring!
Graz, 01.05.2019
4
Publisher
ZMP GmbH
Parkring 18 D, 8074 Raaba-Grambach, Austria
Tel: +43 316 23 83 83
office@massivholzsystem.at
Collaboration
Kielsteg GmbH
Reininghausstrasse 13A, 8020 Graz, Austria
office@kielsteg.com
Project coordination
Georg Guntschnig, MA
Graphic design, cover

Georg Guntschnig, MA
© Photo
ZMP GmbH, Stora Enso, Kielsteg GmbH
respectivley referred to picture notation
© ZMP GmbH, April 2019

All rights reserved
5
Contents
6 14
Wood KIELSTEG
A unique Versions
raw material Production
Surface
42 54 78
Planning Building Physics Statics

Basics Thermal insulation Load diagrams
Deliquesence Fire protection Fastening principles
Openings Sound insulation Bracing principles
92 106 134
Details Best Practice Reference

Buildings
Support Carport
Screw fastenings Industry building National
Connections Office building International
152
Sales
international
Contact
6
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
Build with
wood
Foto: Stora Enso

7
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
8
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
Wood, the unique raw material
Wood, like stone, is one of the materials that go back to the very
beginning of building. Wooden structures are stable, tough and
elastic. For its weight, wood is enormously strong – a four-
centimetre cube of spruce can hold up a weight of four tonnes.
In this sense wood is stronger than concrete.
Wood is a natural material. All the ingredients needed for

making it – earth, water, air and sunlight – are present in nature,
and it stores the greenhouse gas CO2.
The main components of wood are cellulose and lignin. It also

contains small amounts of resins, waxes, fats, starch, sugar, a
variety of minerals, tannins and alkaloids. However it is really
the lignin that makes an ordinary plant cell into a wood cell. It
makes up 20 – 40% of the dry weight of the wood. Wood from
conifers has a higher lignin content than wood from broadleaf
trees. The lignin is tightly bound to the cellulose both
chemically and physically to form a composite that is stable
and strong under compression.
Foto: Stora Enso

9
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
The beauty of sustainable forestry is that it is not

only good for the forest, it also enables us to pre-
serve the forest continually, so that it can serve
future generations for cultivation and recreation.
Johann Carl von Carlowitz, 1713
Foto: Stora Enso
Ecological
Sustainable
10
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
Natural
Restful
Foto: Stora Enso

11
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
12
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
13
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
Versatile
Individual
Wood has become important as a structural building material. Not
long ago, this would have been hard to imagine. But public
awareness for conservation of resources has grown – and this has
also led to a change of thinking in the building industry. At the
same time, new technologies have enabled completely new ways
of building with wood. One of the oldest building materials now
offers a range of construction approaches and aesthetic styles
that were previously unknown.
14
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
Build sustainable
Act sustainable
Foto: Stora Enso

15
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
Best Practice
Portfolio
Kielsteg elements are lightweight, high-performance wooden construction elements used to form
roofs and structural floors. They are especially suitable for building large clear spans. Their load-
bearing performance is due to a linear cellular structure. The name comes from the characteristic
curve of the webs inside the elements, which resemble the keel of a boat.
INCREASE REDUCE BOOST

FLEXIBILITY MATERIAL SUSTAINABILITY
“This technology enables

the most flexible use of
space in buildings and
thus meets an important
architectural need for
“The ingenious distribution
of material in the Kielsteg
cellular structure creates
outstanding structural
performance with very
“The renewable material
wood makes a positive
contribution to reducing
climate change – as an
expression of
adaptability. low weight. responsibility to the
coming generations.
16
General General /
Raw materials wood Planning
KIELSTEG structure Building Physik
Best Practice Statics
Portfolio Details
17
General General /
Portfolio Details
KIELSTEG
structural elements
Kielsteg elements are lightweight and strong wooden construction
elements without cross-lamination, with an internal structure
running in one direction. They use strips of timber to form top and
bottom flanges, which are connected by curved webs of plywood
or OSB. The characteristic curve of the webs, which resembles the
keel of a boat, gives the Kielsteg its name.
Kielsteg elements are usually used in buildings with large clear

spans, to create roofs or structural floors. The ability to bridge
large spans maximizes the flexibility of how the enclosed space is
used. This meets the important architectural demand to be able to
rearrange interior layouts throughout the lifetime of a building.
Technical data
Use Structural floors and roofs
Repeating cellular structure with upper and lower flanges of
Internal structure
spruce timber connected by webs of plywood or OSB
Wood Spruce
Industrial quality/Visible quality (one side); planed and
Surface
untreated
Width: 1,200 mm
Dimensions
Laid width: 1,165 mm
Thickness 280 mm to 800 mm
Length 5.00 m to 35.00 m
Fire resistance class Fire retardant REI 30 or highly fire retardant REI 60
Edges are rebated to overlap/join neighbouring KIELSTEG
Long edges
elements
Service class Service classes 1 and 2
Bonding MUF glue of emissions class E1
Holzfeuchte On delivery: 12±3%
Dimensional changes Longitudinal: 0.01% per 1% change in
(humidity-dependent) wood moisture content
Lateral 0.24% per 1% change in wood moisture content
Thickness negligible
18
General General /
Portfolio Details
Why
Kielsteg?
Structure element
Buildings
Carbon footprint Rapid
Wood Material
Technology
Aesthetic
Visible quality
Kiel
Efficiency
Grooves
REI 60
Cantilever
Floor
Competence
Top flange
Bottom flange
19
General General /
Portfolio Details
Wide clear spans

ensure flexible use
of the building.
Deep prefabrication =
rapid construction.
Ecological, sustainable
construction – small
carbon footprint.
Plywood
5 to 27 metres
Low-profile Boats keel

construction quickly Aesthetically attractive
Innovation Ressource-efficient
underside- no need for
cladding/suspended
steg Roof
ceiling.
Light weight
Free of pillars
Widest spans ecological Fire resistance to
REI 60 attainable
Flexibility
without cladding.
Factory buildings
Material of the future modern
Schweighofer Prize Office building Low-profile load-
Performance Prefabrication bearing structures of up
to 27 m in one span.
Responsibility
Optional camber along

length of elements for
enhanced load bearing.
Cantilevered
projecting roofs up
to 10 m deep.
20
General General /
Portfolio Details
Kielsteg
Applications
For commercial/industrial buildings, besides the general The low height of the Kielsteg floor or roof usually saves
quality of the building, flexibility of use is a key factor. facade height for a given interior ceiling height compared
When needs change, the building should be easy to to a conventional structure with a floor laid on transverse
adapt. beams. The Basic elements are an economical solution
and can be used as single spans or with intermediate
Typical shed or factory buildings are roofed with supports with clear spans of up to 12 m, for anything from
trapezoidal sheeting and are built on a uniform grid of carports to secondary structures in sheds or halls, with
pillars, usually with 5–6 m spacing between rows, with reduced fire protection requirements. The load-bearing
beams in between. For a variety of reasons, buildings ability of Kielsteg also comes into play whenever the roof
with large floor areas are reduced to rather small has to bear extra loads, for example as a green roof or a
structural spans, and have to live with pillars in the middle roof with solar power installations.
of the floor space. You can choose from a range of Kielsteg products for
Kielsteg solves this problem and enables building of spans from 6 m to 27 m as primary or secondary
large indoor spaces uninterrupted by pillars. structures. What both types of Kielsteg have in common
is that they reduce the need for internal supports, saving
The unique cellular structure of Kielsteg elements gives facade height and maximizing flexibility of use.
them the high strength-to-weight ratio they need to
perform this function. This makes them ideal for use in
sports halls, shopping malls, and many other commercial
and industrial buildings. The Kielsteg Select element
types, used in a single span configuration, make it
possible to roof over 27 m without pillars, without
supporting beams and without extra wind bracing.
Conventional shed structure

Frames on a 5–6 m grid with transverse beams, covered with trapezoidal sheeting
Insulation
thickness
Facade
Ceiling
height
height
21
General General /
Portfolio Details
Kielsteg as
primary
structure KIELSTEG shed design with
posts at 12 m intervals and
no transverse beams.
Insulation
thickness
Facade
height
Ceiling
height
Kielsteg as
secondary
structure KIELSTEG shed design
with posts at 12 m intervals
and transverse beams.
Insulation
thickness
Facade
Ceiling
height
height
22
General General /
Portfolio Details
KIELSTEG for low-slope roofs

Low-slope roofs can make full use of Kielsteg
performance. As a light, strong, flat element
Kielsteg elements are ideal for covering large
spans. They can be used for many different
kinds of low-slope roofs, including ‘flat’ roofs
with parapets and single-pitch roofs with
overhangs, with and without tapered
insulation. The pitch should be at least 2%
along the length of the elements. The
maximum pitch should be 15° along the length
of the elements and 5° across their width.
23
General General /
Portfolio Details
Certificates
National Technical Approval
The DIBt (Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik) is the German approval
body for construction products and types of construction. The
national technical approval (allgemeine bauaufsichtliche Zulassung)
regulates the manufacturing and use of KIELSTEG elements.
ÜA Mark
Kielsteg elements have been approved under the ÜA Mark
(‘ÜA-Einbauzeichen’); which is a mark of conformity applied to
construction materials in Austria that are not subject to the CE mark.
The quality criteria are set out in the ÖA Building Materials List of
15.08.2015 in accordance with Section 7 of the Vienna Building
Products Law.
PEFC
PEFC, the Program for the Endorsement of Forest Certification
Schemes, is a certification and labelling program for products
derived from ecologically, economically and socially sustainable
forestry. When customers buy products with the PEFC label, they can
be sure that their purchase supports the use of wood produced
under environmentally friendly conditions.
EPD
Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) form the basis of the data
for ecological product and building assessment. Construction
materials can be compared within the context of the whole building
and/or life cycle.
24
General General /
Portfolio Details
And the Oscar

goes to ...
Innovation Prize for European Forestry and

Wood Industries.
Patent of the Year 2013: Austrian Patent Office.
1st Prize of the ‘materials agency’ raumPROBE

for the largest building to date with Kielsteg.
2004
25
General General /
Portfolio Details
Product innovation -
made in Austria
How to use resources sustainably while
creating new products is a key future challenge
for industry and business. Efficient and focused
use of materials may make the difference
between success and failure. In the case of
Kielsteg, the path to efficiency lies in the insight
that the performance of the product can be
maximized by using the raw material, wood, in a
focussed and intelligent way. Efficiency is also
evident in the use of resources in the
manufacturing process, unique for a pure wood
product and unmatched among architectural
solutions with comparable spans. The
combination of all these effects is a
breakthrough in building technology that opens
up a lot of space for new building methods.
Kielsteg, a product innovation made of the Doubling of annual
renewable material wood – made in Austria. sales of KIELSTEG
100,000 m²
Sales, of Kielsteg produced
margins
Fully automated
production begins
2011
2008
2015 2017 Time
Technical
approval DiBt
Prototypes 2013
26
General General /
Portfolio Details
27
General General /
Portfolio Details
Basic or select?
The goal of the new Basic and Select elements is to
concentrate material exactly where it contributes to the job
the elements have to do. We have further improved the
dosage of material in places where it is needed, responding
to functional needs such as surface quality, fire resistance,
lateral and bending strength. Focusing the characteristics of
Kielsteg elements more precisely on the requirements of the
specific application enables us to optimize costs.
Kielsteg.basic
Optimized elements for use as roofs with clear spans of up to
12 m. Can be used laid on transverse beams, as roofs for
detached houses, carports or commercial buildings in which
reduced fire resistance requirements (REI 0 to REI 30) apply
to the structure without cladding.
Kielsteg.select
High-performance elements for use as structural floors and
roofs. Can be used for schools, retail, industrial and
commercial buildings. Clear spans of up to 27 m with
defined fire resistance requirements.
28
General General /
Portfolio Details
Kielsteg.basic
KIELSTEG 280, 330
Plywood webs
Optimized elements for use as roofs with clear spans
of up to 12 m. Can be used laid on transverse beams,
as roofs for detached houses, carports or commer-
cial buildings in which reduced fire resistance requi-
rements (REI 0 to REI 30) apply to the structure
without cladding.
Element shape Straight or cambered along the element length
Span Up to 12 metres
Application Structural roof single-span, multi-span system
System Primary structure, secondary structure
Fire protection REI 0, REI 30
Element width 120.0 cm (used for price calculation)
Laid unit width 116.5 cm + joint
Dimensional change 0.24 % per 1 % change in wood moisture content

Visible quality (one side); planed and untreated
Surface
With grooves
Industrial quality; planed and untreated
Wood type Spruce
Web material Spruce/pine plywood, thickness 4.5 mm
Carports, detached houses, residential,
Use
school & commercial buildings
Webs of 3-ply, 4 mm spruce and

pine plywood form the interior
cellular structure of the elements of
thickness 280 mm to 370 mm.
29
General General /
Portfolio Details
KSE 280.basic
6.0 6.0
1.5
1.5
28.0
1.5
1.5
4.0
3.5 116.5
120.0
KSE 280/30/113 KSE 280/35/113

3.0
3.5
280/30/113
Element weight: 35.97 kg/m²
280/35/113
11.3 11.3
6.0
HOLZBAU
Kulmer Holz-Leimbau GesmbH

KSE 280
6.0
1.5
1.5
KSE 330.basic
8212 Pischelsdorf, Hart 65
Tel. (03113) 3388; Fax. (03113) 8520-85
www.kulmerbau.at
holzbau@kulmerbau.at
Datum: 18.04.2017 Gez.: SP
33.0
1.5
1.5
4.0
3.5 116.5
120.0
KSE 330/30/113 KSE 330/35/102

3.0
3.5
330/30/113
330/35/102
11.3 10.2
HOLZBAU

KSE330
Tel. (03113) 3388; Fax. (03113) 8520-85
www.kulmerbau.at
Datum: 18.04.2017 Gez
30
General General /
Portfolio Details
Kielsteg.select
KIELSTEG 280, 330, 370, 485, 560, 610, 730, 800
OSB webs
High-performance elements for use as structural
floors and roofs. Can be used for schools, retail,
industrial and commercial buildings. Clear spans
of up to 27 m with defined fire resistance
requirements.
Element Shape Straight or cambered along the element length
Span Up to 27 metres
Application Structural roof single-span, multi-span system
System Primary structure, secondary structure
Fire protection REI 30, REI 60
Element width 120.0 cm (used for price calculation)
Laid unit width 116.5 cm + joint
Dimensional change 0.24 % per 1 % change in wood moisture content

Surface
With grooves
Industrial quality; planed and untreated
Wood type Spruce
Web material OSB 3 thickness 8, 10, and 12 mm
Residential, retail, school & commercial buildings,
Use
sport halls, factories
OSB3 sheets of thicknesses 8 mm,

10 mm and 12 mm form the interior
cellular structure of the elements of
thickness 485 mm to 800 mm.
31
General General /
Portfolio Details
KSE 280.select
6.0 6.0
1.9
1.9
28.0
280/40/102
2.0
2.0
4.0
280/40/93 3.5 116.5
Element weight: 46.20 kg/m² 120.0
KSE 280/40/102 KSE 280/40/93 KSE 280/40/85 KSE 280/50/93 KSE 280/60/85
280/40/85
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
280/50/93
280/60/85
Element weight: 62.30 kg/m² 10.2 9.3 8.5 9.3 8.5
HOLZBAU

KSE280
6.0 8212 Pischelsdorf, Hart 65 6.0
KSE 330.select
Tel. (03113) 3388; Fax. (03113) 8520-85
Datum: 18.04.2017 Gez.: SP
1.5
1.5
www.kulmerbau.at
33.0
330/40/102
1.5
1.5
4.0
330/40/93 3.5 116.5
Element weight: 49.01 kg/m² 120.0
KSE 330/30/113 KSE 330/35/102
330/40/85
3.0
3.5
330/50/93
330/60/85
Element weight: 65.34 kg/m² 11.3 10.2
HOLZBAU

KSE330
Tel. (03113) 3388; Fax. (03113) 8520-85
www.kulmerbau.at
Datum: 18.04.2017 Gez.: SP
32
General General /
Portfolio Details
KSE 370.select 6.0 6.0
1.9
1.9
37.0
2.0
2.0
4.0
3.5 116.5
120.0
KSE 370/40/102 KSE 370/40/93 KSE 370/40/85 KSE 370/50/93 KSE 370/60/85
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
370/40/102
370/40/93
370/40/85 10.2 9.3 8.5 9.3 8.5
370/50/93
Element weight: 57.10 kg/m² HOLZBAU

KSE370
370/60/85
Tel. (03113) 3388; Fax. (03113) 8520-85
Datum: 11.04.2018 Gez.: SP
www.kulmerbau.at
KSE 485.select 6.0 6.0

1.9
1.9
48.5
2.0
2.0
4.0
3.5 116.5
120.0
KSE 485/40/107 KSE 485/40/96 KSE 485/50/96 KSE 485/60/87

4.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
485/40/107
485/40/96
485/50/96
10.7 9.6 9.6 8.7
485/60/87
HOLZBAU

KSE485
Tel. (03113) 3388; Fax. (03113) 8520-85
www.kulmerbau.at
Datum: 18.04.2017 Gez.: SP
33
General General /
Portfolio Details
KSE 560.select
6.0 6.0
1.9
1.9
56.0
2.0
2.0
4.0
3.5 116.5
120.0
KSE 560/50/138 KSE 560/50/121 KSE 560/60/121 KSE 560/70/107

5.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
560/50/138
560/50/121
560/60/121
560/70/107
Element weight: 96.74 kg/m² 13.8 12.1 12.1 10.7
KSE560
6.0 6.0
1.9
1.9
KSE 610.select
61.0
2.0
2.0
4.0
3.5 116.5
120.0
KSE 610/50/117 KSE 610/50/103 KSE 610/60/103 KSE 610/80/92

5.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
610/50/117
Element weight: 98,15 kg/m²
610/50/103
610/60/103
610/80/92
11.7 10.3 10.3 9.2
34
General General /
Portfolio Details
KSE 730.select
6.0 6.0
1.9
1.9
73.0
2.0
2.0
4.0
3.5 116.5
120.0
730/70/155 KSE 730/70/155 KSE 730/70/134 KSE 730/80/134 KSE 730/90/117
7.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
730/70/134
730/80/134
730/90/117
15.5 13.4 13.4 11.7
HOLZBAU

KSE730
Tel. (03113) 3388; Fax. (03113) 8520-85
www.kulmerbau.at
Datum: 18.04.2017 Gez.: SP
35
General General /
Portfolio Details
KSE 800.select
6.0 6.0
1.9
1.9
80.0
2.0
2.0
4.0
3.5 116.5
120.0
KSE 800/70/130 KSE 800/80/113 KSE 800/90/100

800/70/130
7.0
8.0
9.0
800/80/113
800/90/100
13.0 11.3 10.0
HOLZBAU

KSE800
Tel. (03113) 3388; Fax. (03113) 8520-85
36
General General /
Portfolio Details
Surface
37
General General /
Portfolio Details
Wood is a natural, organic and hygroscopic raw material. on their thickness, KIELSTEG elements are made with either
These properties lead to the movements of wooden parts plywood or OSB webs. Plywood is used for thicknesses from
that we refer to as shrinkage and swelling. KIELSTEG 280 mm to 370 mm; OSB is used for thicknesses from 485
elements are manufactured with a wood moisture content of mm to 800 mm. The visible pattern on the surface depends
12±3%. This moisture content can change during the life quite strongly on the web material used. The surface of the
cycle of the elements, because the moisture content varies KIELSTEG elements is planed and untreated. Whether used
depending on the service class of the building. These as a roof or a structural floor, cladding of the underside is not
changes can cause cracks in the surface of the wood, and necessary for either fire-protection or aesthetic reasons. The
the width of the lateral joints between elements can change. elements are manufactured in surface quality Grade 1
On the surface, KIELSTEG shows a highly characteristic (industry quality) and Grade 2 (visible quality). The surface
pattern that can be used as an aesthetic feature. Depending quality is defined in terms of ÖNORM B2215 Table A4.
Industrial quality with plywood webs Visible quality with plywood webs
KSE 280, 330, 370 KSE 280, 330, 370
Industrial quality with OSB webs Visible quality with OSB webs
KSE 485, 560, 610, 730, 800 KSE 485, 560, 610, 730, 800
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2

Characteristic
(Industrial quality) (Visible quality)
Rough patches acceptable Rough patches not acceptable
Planing quality
Scalloping acceptable Scalloping up to 10 mm length, 1 mm depth acceptable
Sound knots acceptable, Sound knots acceptable
Knots
Knot holes acceptable Knot holes greater than 20 mm diameter must be filled
Resin pockets Acceptable Acceptable up to 5 x 50 mm, must be filled if larger
Pith Acceptable Acceptable
Blue stain acceptable Discoloration by blue stain and red streaks acceptable on
Discoloration
Red streaks acceptable up to 5% of the surface area
Acceptable as specified in
Insect damage Not acceptable
ÖNORM DIN 4074-1
Offset of web edges is acceptable up to a total length of
Webs Edge of webs may be offset below surface
0.5 m per 5 m² of surface area
Cracks Drying cracks acceptable up to a depth of 1/3 of the flange thickness.
38
General General /
Portfolio Details
Grooves
As a variation on the flat standard surface of Kielsteg
elements, we also offer versions with longitudinal
grooves. The grooves are 2.8 mm wide. The lateral
spacing of the grooves depends on the width of the
flanges in the particular Kielsteg type. There are two
reasons to choose grooved elements. Firstly, if the
Kielsteg element is being used as a visible ceiling,
they accentuate the striped pattern of the element
surface, adding to the aesthetic options. Secondly,
the grooves add a damping effect on sound, which
can improve the acoustics of the space.
39
General General /
Portfolio Details
Plain surface
Single grooved
Double grooved
Triple grooved
40
General General /
Portfolio Details
Production
So far, KIELSTEG elements have been manufactured only in Austria by
Kulmer Holz-Leimbau GmbH. All the different sizes and types of KIELSTEG
elements are produced on one highly flexible production line. Against the
background of the usual standards in production of glued wood products,
it stands out as unique. It can turn out KIELSTEG elements in thicknesses
of 280 mm to 800 mm, in lengths up to 35 metres – all of them either flat or Hart 65, 8212 Pischelsdorf
with a camber along their length. The line meets the highest standards in all
process steps such as finger-jointing, planing, joining and pressing.
Production is monitored externally by the Materials Testing Institute at the
University of Stuttgart.
The production process begins with the quality sorting and finger-jointing
of the pine strips that will form the flanges, which have to bear compression
and tension in the finished element. The assembly machine is the heart of
the process. It assembles the parts with a maximum tolerance of 3 mm to
form a 35-m long KIELSTEG element. Then comes the innovative planing
and routing machine. It planes and rebates all element dimensions – from
280 to 800 mm, flat and cambered – in one step.
41
General General /
Portfolio Details
Sorting- Joining- gluing- Planing-

finger jointing pressing profiling
Part of the Kielsteg production setup is The heart of the Kielsteg production The highly versatile planing machine
a finger-jointing machine which process is the assembly machine, is also specially developed for
creates lengths of the flange material which includes gluing and pressing Kielsteg. It can plane and cut the
of up to 35 m. This is a standard stations. This machine was specially edge profiles on all Kielsteg elements
industry machine without any major developed for Kielsteg, to make these with thicknesses from 280–800 mm,
adaptations for Kielsteg. unique process steps feasible and whether flat or cambered, in one work
economically viable. step.
42
General General /
KIELSTEG structure Building Physics
Portfolio Details
Design
principles
43
General General /
Portfolio Details
Here we describe how to do the dimensional calculations for the enclosed space. The width of all Kielsteg elements is 120
laying Kielsteg elements. The heights of the elements range cm. Because of the overlapping joints between neighbouring
from 280 to 800 mm and should be chosen according to the elements, the laid unit width of the elements is actually 116.5
structural/loading requirements. The loading tables in the cm plus a joint. The first and last elements in a Kielsteg
section on statics can be used to estimate the suitable sizes. assembly do not fit into the regular grid. They can be made to
The Kielsteg elements have a linear structure and are custom widths to fit the individual dimensions of any project
therefore meant to be installed with their long axis spanning (see below).
Standard First Last

element element element
280 mm
to 280 mm 280 mm
800 mm to to
800 mm 800 mm
m
5m ize d
116 mm l
idua to m e s
120
0
Indiv nge s Cus g
fl la 5 fllan
≥5 ≥
Standard element First element Last element

Width (mm) Width (mm) Width (mm)
Element width 1200

Individual ≥ 5 flanges Customized ≥ 5 flanges
Laid width 1165
44
General General /
Portfolio Details
Shrinkage/swelling
Kielsteg elements are not cross-laminated, and the timber in

them is all laid in one direction. This means that Kielsteg
elements are subject to a certain amount of dimensional
change, which is strongest in the lateral direction. Kielsteg
elements are delivered with a wood moisture content of
12±3%. Depending on the service class, in use the wood
moisture content can vary up to ±8%, which can lead to a
change in width of the Kielsteg elements of 1.9%.
45
General General /
Portfolio Details
Design steps
The element positions are calculated from the The example in the lower part of the diagram shows 5 mm
perpendicular outside edge “0” of the first KIELSTEG joints, so that the laid unit width is 1170 mm. The first
element. The width is calculated to the leading edge of the element has a width of 1220 mm. After that, the repeating
bottom profile piece of each element. The laid unit width is unit width of 1165 mm plus the joint is used. The last
equal to the element width of 1165 mm plus the specified element is manufactured in a customized width to match
joint width of 5 or 10 mm. the designed dimensions of the whole floor or roof.
Edge of first
Element; position „0“
Laid unit width =

element width + joint
The width is calculated to the

leading edge of the bottom profile piece
1. First element: 1,220 mm

2. Standard element: 1,165 mm + joint
3. Last element: customized
1 2 2 3
individual 1170 1170 1170 customized

0
900
2070
3240
4410
46
General General /
Portfolio Details
Material
Kielsteg not only delivers high performance and
resource efficiency, it is also easy to combine with
other structural systems. The elements are simply
laid on top of linear supporting structures at their
compatibility
ends and fastened by screws through the full
thickness of the element. If they are used to form
structural floors that are inserted into the walls, they
should be laid on wooden supporting pads, and an
appropriate structural calculation needs to be done
for the support assembly. So in this way, too,
Kielsteg gives you a wide range of applications,
rapid and resource-efficient work and the
maximum of flexibility.
Kielsteg on
timber frame
Kielsteg on
laminated
timber
47
General General /
Portfolio Details
Kielsteg on steel
Kielsteg on
cross-laminate timber
Kielsteg on
masonry
48
General General /
Portfolio Details
Support for openings

Openings can be supported in a number of
ways depending on the structural and
aesthetic needs. Generally, the width of an
opening should not exceed 120 cm. There
is no limit to the length of the opening. The
following diagrams show the options for
providing support.
Type 1: In this version, the load on the

KIELSTEG element interrupted by the opening
is transferred to additional glulam beams.
These can be linked to the ends of the opening
either above or below the KIELSTEG element.
Variant: supports above the elements
Variant: supports below the elements

49
General General /
Portfolio Details
Type 2: In this variant, the load on the affected KIELSTEG element is transferred to the neighbouring elements using wooden
beams. These can be positioned on top of the KIELSTEG elements or underneath them, as required.
Variant: supports above the elements
Variant: supports below the elements

50
General General /
Portfolio Details
Openings
Openings and penetrations for stairs, skylights and other

purposes should be specifically designed.
Openings of up to 25x25 cm can be made without

reinforcing the element, as long as the remaining cross-
section of the element is adequate for the applied load. Penetration without
reinforcement, max. 25 x 25 cm
The required fire resistance class is achieved by suitable
covering and cladding of the opening.
To maintain the strength of the KIELSTEG assembly

around larger openings, the elements are reinforced with
wooden beams as required. Several examples of
possible reinforcement solutions are shown in the
section ‘Details‘. The following illustration shows one way
of reinforcing the elements around a skylight.
Opening with reinforcement

51
General General /
Portfolio Details
Small penetrations
Smaller penetrations of up to 25×25 cm, for example for piping The penetration should be reinforced using simple construction
or ducting, are allowable on condition that they do not measures so that the integrity of the KIELSTEG element as a
compromise the global load-bearing ability of the KIELSTEG space-enclosing partition for fire-protection purposes is
element (i.e. the remaining cross-section retains bending and preserved.
shear strength).
For example, the penetration can be lined with a prefabri-

cated lining of OSB, plasterboard or 3-layer boards.
Joint fire tape
Always seal off lining with

Single-layer lining Double- or multi-layer lining a cover frame
The penetration lining should be made in a The end of the lining at the visible side of The frame also covers the cut edges of the
way that meets the requirements for the the KIELSTEG element should be finished opening, which ensures a visually
visual appearance and the specified fire off with an overlapping frame. This frame acceptable result even if, for example, the
resistance class REI 30 or REI 60. should be combined with a fire joint tape to opening was cut with a chainsaw.
Depending on the aesthetic and fire ensure the integrity of the KIELSTEG
protection requirements, the penetration element as a fire partition.
can be lined with one or more layers of
various materials.
General
Portfolio
Best Practice
Raw materials wood
KIELSTEG structure
KIELSTEG roof
Details
Statics
Section a-a
General
Planning
Sample layout of a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 7 8 9 1 2 3
Building Physics
Pos 01 Pos 02 Pos 03 Pos 04 Pos 05 Pos 06 Pos 07 Pos 08 Pos 09 Pos 10 Pos 11
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 17 18 19 10 11 12
0.0
122.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 X
1220.0
2385.0
3555.0
4725.0
5895.0
7065.0
8235.0
9405.0
10575.0
11745.0
12197.8
/
1 2
1221.2
A A
23.0
15.0
15.0 362.0
117.0
Pos 10
15.0
236.6
238.4
240.1
242.5
25.0
Pos 09
Pos 11
10/8 l=80cm
201.4
15.0
a a
40.0 85.0
40.0
Steel wind bracing strip to tie

41.0
B in gable wall B
294.5
30.0
Elements laid in
this direction
38.00
4.30 28.00 5.70
2.00
1.90
3.50

10
11.60
6.00
in gable wall
1
11
2
12
3
52
13
4
628.0
0.45 11.20
14
5
1142.6
1144.0
1142.6
1142.6
1144.2
1142.8
1144.2
1144.3
97.35
112.50
120.00
120.55
15
116.50 + Joint
6
16
Pos 02
Pos 03
Pos 04
Pos 05
Pos 06
Pos 07
Pos 08
7
Pos 01
KSE 380/112/43 Indus
53
General General /
Portfolio Details
Screw fastenings - small Supports, axis B-B and

strial quality
6.00 penetrations axis C-C
1.90
8 9
OSB 15
8,2/300 KSE 380/112/43
α=45°
4.3
2.0
17 18 19
4.00
Isoflame fire tape
Standard elements:
3x VG 8/450 per element
in centre of element
6,5/130
First and last elements:
α=45° VG 8/450, on 24,2 cm centres
Isoflame fire tape

C
Reinforcement of 40 cm opening
10/8 l=80cm
277.7
2
1 2 7 8 9
10 11 12 17 18 19
3* VG 8/450
Standard support, axis 1-1

and axis 2-2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
OSB 15
KSE 380/112/43
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
α=45
1 pair 6,5/160
60,0 cm centres
16.0
Support, axis A-A

877.0
OSB 15
KSE 380/112/43
4.0
16.0 VG 8/450 24.2 cm
24,2 cm centres along
all fo axis A-A

in gable wall
in gable wall
1
C
54
General General General
Raw materials wood Planning Fire protection
KIELSTEG structure Building Physics Thermal insulation
Best Practice Statics Sound insulation
Portfolio Details Models
Building
physics
55
Shrinkage
KIELSTEG elements are not cross-laminated, and the
timber in them is all laid in one direction. This means that
KIELSTEG elements are subject to a certain amount of
and swelling
dimensional change, which is strongest in the lateral
direction. KIELSTEG elements are delivered with a wood
moisture content of 12±3%. Depending on the service
class, in use the wood moisture content can vary between
7 and 20%. Dimensional change of KIELSTEG elements per
1% change of wood moisture content:
Length: 0.01%
Width: 0.24%
Thickness: negligible
Ecology
Wood is one of the few renewable mass materials available
worldwide that has useful strength. In terms of the criteria
binding of CO2 and minimization of CO2 emissions, wood is
generally recognized as the material with the best
sustainability. Use of wood in construction makes an
important contribution. Lightweight systems such as
KIELSTEG use as much as 50% less material as solid
products. Therefore KIELSTEG should be seen as part of
the discussion about how we should use wood in future.
We need to work out a balance between current regional
needs and the global trends for the coming decades. To put
it simply, we need to find the optimum between maximizing
the use of material in order to bind CO2 and minimizing the
use of material to make more efficient use of resources.
Emissions
KIELSTEG elements do not emit problematic amounts of
formaldehyde. The emissions from a sample analysed by
Holzforschung Austria (KIELSTEG element with plywood
webs KSE 228) remained below the limits at every time
point. The sample therefore fulfilled the statutory
requirement of the formaldehyde emissions.
56
57
Material parameters
The following material parameters can be used for a variety of calculations

such as the energy pass and rough estimation of the U-value.
Key parameters of KIELSTEG Systems
Flange thickness (mm) 30 35 40 50 60 70 80 90
Fire resistance class (min) REI 0 REI 30 REI 30 REI 30 REI 60 REI 60 REI 60 REI 60
*Thermally effective mass kg/m² 20.1 22.9 25.5 29.5 31.7 32.5 32.3 31.7
**Area specific effective heat 23.8 27.5 31.0 36.8 40.7 42.8 43.2 42.7
capacity kJ/m²K
***Thermal resistance, air chamber 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
R (m²K/W)00
* The thermally active mass is calculated without inside and outside heat transfer.
** The area specific heat capacity is calculated using the heat transfer coefficients Rsi 0.13 for the inside
and 0.04 for the outside.
*** Since the heat conductance of the air chambers in Kielsteg is variable, depending on the applied
temperatures and the thickness of insulation used, it cannot be given as a constant value. To calculate a
U-value for a Kielsteg assembly, the thermal resistance R for the air chambers should be used.
Key parameters of KIELSTEG components
20 wet
Flange wood
50 dry
150 wet
OSB webs
Diffusion resistance (µ) 200 dry
70 wet
Plywood webs
200 dry
Air chambers 0.5
Flange wood 0.13
Thermal conductance λ (W/mK) OSB webs 0.13
Plywood webs 0.13
Flange wood 1600
Specific heat capacity (J/kgK) OSB webs 1700
Plywood webs 1600
Flange wood 420
Material density (kg/m³) OSB webs 650
Plywood webs 500

58
Fire
protection
Suitably dimensioned KIELSTEG elements qualify as fire wood, the fire resistance in terms of the fire duration until
resistance class REI 30 or REI 60 without any additional failure and the remaining load-bearing ability are evaluated
construction measures such as cladding of the bottom only terms of the burning of the flange layer next to the fire
surface. When penetrations through the elements are source. The design of the joints between the elements,
needed for pipes or other installations, the measures including the use of the fire-protective tape in the joints, has
required to protect their integrity as space-enclosing been tested and meets the requirements of the stated fire
partitions should be considered on a case-by-case basis. resistance classes. The internal cavities of the KIELSTEG
Because of the cellular internal structure of the KIELSTEG elements provide significant insulation between the fire-
elements, with the top and bottom flange layers of solid exposed side and the side facing away from the fire.
Fire resistance classes that can be achieved with different KIELSTEG types
KSE 280 KSE 330 KSE 370 KSE 485 KSE 560 KSE 610 KSE 730 KSE 800
REI 0 REI 0 REI 0 REI 0 REI 0 REI 0 REI 0 REI 0

59
Fire resistance classification
The fire resistance classification of KIELSTEG elements was done in accordance with EN 1363-1 and EN 1365-2 at the Institut
für Brandschutztechnik und Sicherheitsforschung in Linz. The calculation for exposure to fire on one side from below is done
as specified in ÖNORM EN 1995-1-2.
Fire Resistance Duration
30 mm
35 mm
40 mm
43 mm
h Flange thickness 50 mm
60 mm
70 mm
80 mm
90 mm
d0 Zero strength layer 7 mm
dred Reduced depth
dchar,0 Char depth
ß0 Charring rate 0.656 mm/min
t Fire duration REI 30, REI 60
dchar,0 = β 0 × t
At β 0 = 0.656 mm/min and t = 30 minutes, dchar,0 = 19.7 mm.
At β 0 = 0.656 mm/min and t = 60 minutes, dchar,0 = 39.4 mm.
Depending on the fire resistance duration, KIELSTEG elements can be classified into two fire
resistance classes as defined in ÖNORM EN 1995-1-2.
Fire resistance duration t in minutes

Fire retardant > 30 min REI 30
Highly fire retardant > 60 min REI 60

60
Thermal
insulaton
The insulation thicknesses you need to achieve different the vapour barrier, insulation and outer roofing, it is not
U-values are shown in the tables below and on the next possible to cover all of their properties here. It will be
page. The figures are for warm roof constructions with necessary to choose a combination of materials that meets
mineral or lightweight expanded polystyrene (EPS) the requirements of the individual project for waterproofing
insulation. Due to the large variety of available materials for and humidity regulation.
U-values for KIELSTEG types 280, KSE 330 and KSE 370
KSE 280
Flange thickness 30/113 35/113 40/102 40/93 40/85 50/93 60/85
Kielsteg without insulation 1.088 1.002 0.927 0.926 0.924 0.810 0.721
100 mm 0.288 0.282 0.276 0.276 0.276 0.265 0.255

Mineral insulation
120 mm 0.251 0.247 0.242 0.242 0.242 0.234 0.226
λ = 0.040
140 mm 0.223 0.129 0.216 0.216 0.216 0.209 0.203
tinsulation 160 mm 0.201 0.198 0.195 0.195 0.195 0.189 0.184
180 mm 0.182 0.180 0.177 0.177 0.177 0.173 0.169
t 200 mm 0.167 0.165 0.163 0.163 0.163 0.159 0.155
220 mm 0.154 0.152 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.147 0.144
240 mm 0.143 0.141 0.140 0.140 0.140 0.137 0.134
KSE 280
Flange thickness 30/113 35/113 40/102 40/93 40/85 50/93 60/85
100 mm 0.250 0.245 0.240 0.240 0.240 0.232 0.224
EPS insulation 120 mm 0.216 0.213 0.210 0.210 0.209 0.203 0.197
λ = 0.033 140 mm 0.191 0.189 0.186 0.186 0.186 0.181 0.176
160 mm 0.171 0.169 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.163 0.159

tinsulation
180 mm 0.155 0.153 0.152 0.151 0.151 0.148 0.145
t 200 mm 0.142 0.140 0.139 0.139 0.139 0.136 0.133
220 mm 0.130 0.129 0.128 0.128 0.128 0.126 0.123
240 mm 0.121 0.120 0.119 0.119 0.119 0.117 0.115

61
KSE 330 KSE 370

30/113 35/102 40/102 40/93 40/85 50/93 60/85 40/102 40/93 40/85 50/93 60/85
1.083 0.994 0.921 0.920 0.918 0.803 0.713 0.920 0.918 0.917 0.800 0.709
0.287 0.281 0.275 0.275 0.275 0.264 0.254 0.275 0.275 0.274 0.263 0.253
0.251 0.246 0.241 0.241 0.241 0.233 0.225 0.241 0.241 0.241 0.232 0.224
0.223 0.219 0.215 0.215 0.215 0.208 0.202 0.215 0.215 0.215 0.208 0.201
0.200 0.197 0.194 0.194 0.194 0.189 0.183 0.194 0.194 0.194 0.188 0.183
0.182 0.179 0.177 0.177 0.177 0.172 0.168 0.177 0.177 0.177 0.172 0.167
0.167 0.164 0.162 0.162 0.162 0.158 0.155 0.162 0.162 0.162 0.158 0.154
0.154 0.152 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.147 0.144 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.147 0.143
0.143 0.141 0.140 0.140 0.140 0.137 0.134 0.139 0.139 0.139 0.136 0.134
KSE 330 KSE 370

30/113 35/102 40/102 40/93 40/85 50/93 60/85 40/102 40/93 40/85 50/93 60/85
0.249 0.244 0.240 0.240 0.239 0.231 0.223 0.239 0.239 0.239 0.231 0.223
0.216 0.212 0.209 0.209 0.209 0.203 0.197 0.209 0.209 0.209 0.202 0.196
0.191 0.188 0.185 0.185 0.185 0.180 0.175 0.185 0.185 0.185 0.180 0.175
0.171 0.169 0.167 0.166 0.166 0.162 0.159 0.166 0.166 0.166 0.162 0.158
0.155 0.153 0.151 0.151 0.151 0.148 0.145 0.151 0.151 0.151 0.148 0.144
0.141 0.140 0.138 0.138 0.138 0.136 0.133 0.138 0.138 0.138 0.135 0.133
0.130 0.129 0.128 0.128 0.128 0.125 0.123 0.128 0.127 0.127 0.125 0.123
0.121 0.119 0.118 0.118 0.118 0.116 0.114 0.118 0.118 0.118 0.116 0.114
62
U-values for KIELSTEG types 485, 560, 610, 730, 800
KSE 485 KSE 560

Flange thickness 40/107 40/96 50/96 60/87 50/138 50/121 60/121 70/107
KIELSTEG without insulation 0.918 0.915 0.796 0.702 0.810 0.808 0.713 0.637
100 mm 0.274 0.274 0.262 0.252 0.264 0.264 0.253 0.243

Mineral insulation
120 mm 0.241 0.240 0.232 0.223 0.233 0.232 0.224 0.216
λ = 0.040
140 mm 0.214 0.214 0.207 0.201 0.208 0.208 0.201 0.195
tinsulation 160 mm 0.194 0.193 0.188 0.182 0.188 0.188 0.183 0.178
180 mm 0.176 0.176 0.171 0.167 0.172 0.172 0.167 0.163
t 200 mm 0.162 0.162 0.158 0.154 0.158 0.158 0.154 0.151
220 mm 0.150 0.150 0.146 0.143 0.147 0.146 0.143 0.140
240 mm 0.139 0.139 0.136 0.133 0.137 0.136 0.134 0.131
KSE 485 KSE 560

Flange thickness 40/107 40/96 50/96 60/87 50/138 50/121 60/121 70/107
100 mm 0.239 0.239 0.230 0.222 0.231 0.231 0.223 0.215
EPS insulation 120 mm 0.208 0.208 0.202 0.195 0.202 0.202 0.196 0.190
λ = 0.033 140 mm 0.185 0.185 0.179 0.174 0.180 0.180 0.175 0.170
160 mm 0.166 0.166 0.162 0.158 0.162 0.162 0.158 0.154

tinsulation
180 mm 0.151 0.151 0.147 0.144 0.148 0.147 0.144 0.141
200 mm 0.138 0.138 0.135 0.132 0.135 0.135 0.132 0.130

t
220 mm 0.127 0.127 0.125 0.122 0.125 0.125 0.123 0.120
240 mm 0.118 0.118 0.116 0.114 0.116 0.116 0.114 0.112

63
KSE 610 KSE 730 KSE 800

50/117 50/103 60/103 80/92 70/155 70/134 80/134 90/117 70/130 80/113 90/100
0.809 0.806 0.711 0.575 0.653 0.651 0.588 0.536 0.655 0.590 0.536
0.263 0.263 0.252 0.233 0.245 0.245 0.235 0.227 0.245 0.235 0.227
0.232 0.232 0.224 0.209 0.218 0.218 0.210 0.203 0.218 0.210 0.203
0.208 0.208 0.201 0.189 0.196 0.196 0.190 0.184 0.196 0.190 0.184
0.188 0.188 0.183 0.172 0.179 0.178 0.173 0.169 0.179 0.173 0.169
0.172 0.172 0.167 0.159 0.164 0.164 0.160 0.155 0.164 0.160 0.155
0.158 0.158 0.154 0.147 0.151 0.151 0.148 0.144 0.151 0.148 0.144
0.146 0.146 0.143 0.137 0.141 0.141 0.137 0.134 0.141 0.137 0.134
0.136 0.136 0.133 0.128 0.131 0.131 0.129 0.126 0.131 0.128 0.126
KSE 610 KSE 730 KSE 800

50/117 50/103 60/103 80/92 70/155 70/134 80/134 90/117 70/130 80/113 90/100
0.231 0.230 0.222 0.207 0.217 0.216 0.209 0.202 0.217 0.209 0.202
0.202 0.202 0.196 0.184 0.191 0.191 0.185 0.180 0.191 0.185 0.180
0.180 0.180 0.175 0.165 0.171 0.171 0.166 0.162 0.171 0.166 0.162
0.162 0.162 0.158 0.150 0.155 0.155 0.151 0.147 0.155 0.151 0.147
0.147 0.147 0.144 0.138 0.142 0.141 0.138 0.135 0.142 0.138 0.135
0.135 0.135 0.132 0.127 0.130 0.130 0.128 0.125 0.130 0.127 0.125
0.125 0.125 0.122 0.118 0.121 0.121 0.118 0.116 0.121 0.118 0.116
0.116 0.116 0.114 0.110 0.112 0.112 0.110 0.18 0.112 0.110 0.108
64
Sound
insulation
Plain surface
Acoustics
Acoustics is the description of sound and its propagation in
space. The acoustic requirements of a space are defined by
its use, that is, by the kind of sound that will be produced in
it, for example music, speech or the sounds of sporting
activities. The reverberation time measures how long it takes
for sounds to fade away. It can be influenced by the total
absorption surface area, and so by changing this area the
acoustics can be controlled.
Plain or grooved surface

Kielsteg is available in versions with plain surfaces and also
with longitudinal grooves. Different spacings of the grooves
are available, with one, two or three grooves within the width
of each flange. The choice of grooved Kielsteg elements can
be used to influence the acoustics of the space.
Triple grooved
65
Audibility
The audible effect of speech and music is highly dependent time is influenced by absorption surfaces and their effects in
on the space. The overall acoustic character of a space is a space of a particular volume. However, the absorption of
ultimately dependent on subjective factors but can be sound is also frequency-dependent. Usually the lower
designed to a certain extent based on objectively frequencies are absorbed more strongly than mid-range or
measurable parameters. The reverberation time (T) is the higher tones. The air and the presence of people and objects
time it takes for a sound emitted in a closed space to fade in the space also have significant effects on the damping of
away to one thousandth of its initial value, in other words for sounds.
the sound pressure level to sink by 60 dB. The reverberation
The following table should help to find the optimal reverberation time [Tset] in small to
medium-sized spaces in accordance with DIN 18041 and ÖNORM B 8115-3.
Target value Tset for the reverberation time of a space for different uses.
2.4
2.2 Standardoberfläche
2.0
1.8
Reverberation time Tset (sec.)
1.6
1.4
Music
1.2
Speech/lecture
1.0
0.8
0.6
Teaching/communication
0.4
0.2
30 100 1000 5000 10000 30000
Room volume V (m³)
Octave band center frequency fm (Hz)
125 Hz 250 Hz 500 Hz 1000 Hz 2000 Hz 4000 Hz
Sound absorption coefficient α
KIELSTEG with plain surface 0.15 0.11 0.10 0.07 0.06 0.07
66
67
Structural
floors
Comfort in the interior of buildings is a function of surface textures,
temperatures, colours, light, design, odour, acoustics and noise
transmission from other rooms. The quality of a space for living or
working can be very easily impaired by unwanted noise. This means
that the quality of interior floors/ceilings has a lot to do with their ability
to insulate against airborne and impact noise. Acoustic insulation of
floors is always a matter of achieving the right mass, separating layers
and decoupling the margins of the floor from the structure.
Recommended floor layup

KIELSTEG elements are a very lightweight construction system
with high load-bearing capability. As intermediate floors in
buildings, they can easily reach applicable acoustics standards for
residential and similar use by means of conventional, proven floor
layups – using loose fill, acoustic insulation board, screed and soft
perimeter seals. As a rule, floors with good attenuation of airborne
noise also insulate well against impact noise.
1...Floor screed
2...Separating foil
3...Acoustic insulation board
4...Loos fill
5...Trickle protection sheet
6...KIELSTEG element
68
Designation: KSE_DE_01a KIELSTEG

Date: 01.09.2017
Scale: 1:10 Floor Screed
Loose fill
Top
Bottom Component height = 37.3 cm

Component mass = 261.0 kg /m²
Max. load = 2.12 kN/m²
Thermal Sound
Fire resistance* insulation insulation
(REI) (W/m²K)
R w = 58.7
30/60 - L n,w = 47.2
* Depending on Kielsteg type
Thickness Flammability
Material λ [W/(mK)] µ ρ [kg/m²]
[cm] class
A Floor screed 6 1.330 50-100 120 A1

B PVC membrane - - - - -
C Footfall sound insulation TDP 35/30 3.5 - - 2.6 A2
D Loose fill 5.0 - - 90.0 -

E Trickle protection sheet - - - - -
F KSE 228 22.8 0.223 50 48.4 -

69
Designation: KSE_DE_01b KIELSTEG

Date: 01.09.2017
Scale: 1:10 Floor Screed
Loose fill
Gypsum plaster ceiling board
Top

Thermal Sound
(REI) (W/m²K)
R w = 59.5
30/60/90 - L n,w = 43.2
[cm] class
A Floor screed 6 1.330 50-100 120 A1

B PVC membrane - - - - -
C Footfall sound insulation TDP 35/30 3.5 - - 2.6 A2
D Loose fill 5.0 - - 90.0 -

E Trickle protection sheet - - - - -
F KSE 230 22.8 0.223 50 48.4 -
G Mineral insulation 7.0 0.040 1 1.3 A1
H Gypsum plasterboard 1.2 - - 11.2 A1

70
71
Structural
roofs
Flat roofs have become a fixed part of our built landscape. An
optimal application of KIELSTEG elements is for flat or mono-
pitched roofs, and in this role they are used in detached family
houses, in other residential buildings, and in commercial and
industrial buildings. Besides the architectural aspects, the roof
construction with gravel or green roof cover also has
considerable engineering benefits. The roof is better protected
against extreme temperatures and wind suction, and the
acoustic insulation is also enhanced.
Recommended roof structure

Roof constructions that comply with the design rules for warm
roofs with insulation above the structural layer are generally very
robust in terms of building physics. These structures can be
used without problems for green roofs and the summer drying
period is not significantly affected by shade. The separation of
the structural layer and the insulation layer is the perfect
configuration to achieve robust building physics and long life.
1...Roofing membrane
2...Mineral insulation
3...Bituminous vapour barrier
4...KIELSTEG element
72
Designation: KSE_DA _01a KIELSTEG

Date: 01.09.2017
Scale: 1:10 ESP tapered insulation 100
Top

Thermal Sound
(REI) (W/m²K) (dB)
30/60 0.24 R w = 38.7
[cm] class
A Roofing membrane 0.2 0.17 20,000 3.6 E
B EPS W-20 insulation, 2 layers 10 0.033 70 1.0 E
C Vapour barrier 0.3 0.17 1,500 3.3 E
D KSE 228 22.8 0.223 50 48.4 D

73
Designation: KSE_DA _01b KIELSTEG

Date: 01.09.2017
Top

Thermal Sound
(REI) (W/m²K) (dB)
30/60 0.17 R w = 37.0
[cm] class
B EPS W-20 insulation, 3 layers 15 0.033 70 1.0 E
D KSE 228 22.8 0.223 50 48.4 D

74
Designation: KSE_DA _01c KIELSTEG

Date: 01.09.2017
Gravel
Top
Bottom
Component height = 44.3 cm
Thermal Sound
(REI) (W/m²K) (dB)
30/60 0.17 R w = 42.0
[cm] class
A Gravel 6.0 0.7 3/3 108.0 -
B Protective felt - - - - -
C Roofing membrane 0.2 0.17 20,000 3.6 E
D EPS W-20 insulation, 3 layers 15 0.033 70 1.0 E
E Vapour barrier 0.3 0.17 1,500 3.3 E
F KSE 228 22.8 0.223 50 48.4 D

75
Designation: KSE_DA _01d KIELSTEG

Date: 01.09.2017
Scale: 1:10 Mineral insulation 70
Top

Bottom Component mass = 58.8 kg /m²
Thermal Sound
(REI) (W/m²K) (dB)
30/60 0.34 R w = 45.7
[cm] class
B Mineral insulation 7.0 0.040 1 3.5 -
D KSE 228 22.8 0.223 50 48.4 D

76
Designation: KSE_DA _01e KIELSTEG

Date: 01.09.2017
Mineral insulation, clay gravel
Top
Bottom
Thermal Sound
(REI) (W/m²K) (dB)
30/60 0.16 R w = 46.0
[cm] class
A Clay gravel 10.0 0.53 5/10 130.0 -
B Protective felt - - - - -
C Roofing membrane 0.2 0.17 20,000 3.6 E
D EPS W-20 insulation 2 layers 10 0.033 70 1.0 E
E Mineral insulation 7.0 0.040 1 3.5 -
F Vapour barrier 0.3 0.17 1,500 3.3 E
G KSE 228 22.8 0.223 50 48.4 D

77
Designation: KSE_DA _01f KIELSTEG

Date: 01.09.2017
Scale: 1:10 Mineral insulation 140
Top

Bottom Component mass = 62.30 kg /m²
Thermal Sound
(REI) (W/m²K) (dB)
30/60 0.21 R w = 50.0
[cm] class
B Mineral insulation 14.0 0.040 1 7.0 -
D KSE 228 22.8 0.223 50 48.4 D

78
General General /
Portfolio Details
Statics
79
General General /
Portfolio Details
Thanks to their special internal structure, KIELSTEG elements compared to the equivalent I-beam which is used as the
are highly suitable for use as simple beams to span wide spaces. mathematical model for statics calculations. The validity of the
The flange zones of finger-jointed solid wood of strength class model has been demonstrated by extensive load testing of
C24 enable the elements to support large bending forces along KIELSTEG elements. However, for calculating the performance
their length. The relatively thin webs of three-ply plywood or OSB of KIELSTEG elements under lateral forces, the model based on
transmit shear forces between the two layers of flanges and an I-beam is not adequate without adaptation. The effects of the
allow a simple scaling of the element thickness for different loads curved web form and the thinness of the webs on the shear
and spans while retaining the optimal distribution of material strength of the elements and on the stability of the webs at the
within the element. The ideal uses of KIELSTEG elements are as support points can be approximated mainly by using a reduced
flat roofs and structural floors with evenly distributed loading. The value for the shear strength of the web in the I-beam model. The
calculations on the bending loading are done along the lines of detailed calculation model is documented in the national
EN 1995-1-1, Section 9 (Thin-Webbed Beams). technical approval from the DIBT (Deutsches Institut für
The diagram below shows the typical KIELSTEG cross-section Bautechnik).
The following diagram gives an overview of the static

performance of KIELSTEG elements.
Height Width Cross Shape Span 7.5 m 10.0 m 12.5 m

(mm) (mm) section Length/pitch (m)
L/0
280 1200
L/1013
17.5 m 20.0 m 22.5 m 25.0 m 27.0 m
L/0
330 1200
L/763
L/0
370 1200
L/608
L/0
485 1200
L/434
L/0
560 1200
L/380
L/0
610 1200
L/337
L/0
730 1200
L/304
L/0
800 1200
L/281
*REI= Fire resistance class. The elements are made

optionally with a camber radius of R=950 m
The main applications of KIELSTEG elements are as structural floors and flat or low-slope roofs with wide spans in the
service classes 1 and 2 (Nutzungsklassen as defined in DIN 1052). Service class 1 describes the climatic conditions
inside buildings that are closed on all sides and heated; service class 2 describes roofed, but open structures.
KIELSTEG is not approved for use in situations fully exposed to the weather (service class 3).
80
General General /
Portfolio Details
81
General General /
Portfolio Details
Fastening to the substructure
The KIELSTEG is fastened to the substructure using an

arrangement of screws that allows for humidity-dependent
dimensional changes without building up strain in the
material. The screws fixing the elements to the supporting
pads are concentrated around the centre line of the element.
This allows for lateral movement of each element from the
central fastening to both sides.
Central fastening
screws as required
by statics
KIELSTEG elements are linked to create a rigid diaphragm

that stabilizes the structure horizontally by using joint boards
screwed into the edge profiles of the elements. Short lengths
of these boards are screwed alternately to one, then the
other of each pair of neighbouring elements. This creates an
effective mesh linkage while leaving room for movement
across the element width.
5
m
Jo m
in - 1
tw 0
id mm
th
82
General General /
Portfolio Details
Pad configurations
KIELSTEG elements in floors and roofs can be screwed to the
supporting structures in many different ways. The main
options are shown in the following diagrams.
Fastening to concrete
Fastening to steel
83
General General /
Portfolio Details
In the common configuration in which the KIELSTEG elements are laid

directly on wood, they should be fastened to the support with fully
threaded screws, as far as possible without stress, with the screws
close to the centre line of the KIELSTEG element. The screws are started
at the top in the middle of the web material, so that they pass through the
middle of the bottom flange (see Fig. A). The number of screws depends
on the loading and needs to be calculated on a project-by-project basis.
The values for the load-bearing capacity of the screws can be found in
the following table. However, a minimum of two screws at each end of
each element should always be used.
Fastening to wood
84
General General /
Portfolio Details
Cambered elements
KIELSTEG elements are available flat or cambered .
Cambered elements have a constant radius of 950 m along
their length. Cambered elements are a very useful and
proven version of Kielsteg. For structural floor and roof
constructions with large clear spans, they meet the
requirements on the serviceability limit state more
effectively.
85
General General /
Portfolio Details
Left: a flat element, right: a cambered element.
The table below shows the camber (pitch height) at different span lengths. Since the radius of the camber
is constant at 950 m, the pitch height increases with the span length.
Pitch
Span
Span (m) 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Pitch height (cm) 0.47 0.64 0.84 1.06 1.31 1.59 1.89 2.22 2.57 2.96 3.36
Span/pitch ratio L/1276 L/1093 L/952 L/849 L/763 L/691 L/634 L/585 L/544 L/506 L/476
Span (m) 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Pitch height (cm) 3.80 4.26 4.75 5.26 5.80 6.36 6.96 7.57 8.22 8.89 9.59
Span/pitch ratio L/447 L/422 L/400 L/380 L/362 L/345 L/330 L/317 L/304 L/292 L/281
Span (m) 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Pitch height (cm) 10.31 11.06 11.84 12.64 13.47 14.33 15.21 16.11
Span/pitch ratio L/271 L/262 L/253 L/245 L/237 L/230 L/223 L/217
86
General General /
Portfolio Details
Bracing-general principles
Horizontal bracing of buildings is usually achieved either by In braced-frame systems, the loads are transferred from the
trusses (horizontally positioned frameworks) or by creating elements that are exposed to the load (e.g. gable posts) via
stiff diaphragms. These bracing elements have two tension/compression members into the framework. The
functions: firstly, they stabilize the elements that bear vertical further distribution of the forces within the framework occurs
loads, such as posts and inclined frame members, and essentially in accordance with truss theory. For load-bearing
secondly they enable the structure to react to wind loads, by diaphragm structures we use compression field theory , and
transferring these effectively to the necessary vertical in wooden constructions this means we have to pay
bracing elements – such as wall assemblies, wall particular attention to the formation of the joints and
diaphragms, frames and posts. connections between the elements.
KIELSTEG as rigid diaphragms

A layer of KIELSTEG elements forming a floor or
roof can effectively be made to function as a stiff
diaphragm by linking the elements to each other
using joint boards. Each of these boards is
screwed to the top of one KIELSTEG element and Support
overlaps the neighbouring element, resting in the
rebated top edge. Alternating lengths of the
boards are screwed to one or the other of the two
elements. This creates a mesh joint that can Reinforcement of a KIELSTEG floor
or roof diaphragm using OSB sheets
accommodate some lateral movement due to
shrinkage and swelling. If the roof or floor
diaphragm is subject to higher loads, a layer of
OSB can be fastened to the top surface to add
stiffness. Only the top flange layer of the Kielsteg
elements can be treated as part of a load-bearing
diaphragm. To bear flexural and compression
forces it is necessary to add elements running
across the length of the Kielsteg elements.
87
General General /
Portfolio Details
Diaphragm support
The roof and floor diaphragms and roof assemblies need The transmission of forces from the roof diaphragm into the
support structures that can transfer the horizontal forces out supporting structure usually occurs linearly along a
of the roof/floor plane into the foundation. The supports can supporting beam through screws. The type and number of
be created in the form of wall assemblies, rigid wall screws used needs to be determined individually for each
elements, frames or posts rigidly anchored in the ground. project.
Wall diaphragm
Rigidly anchored
cantilever post
Wall frame
Edge distance
Local entry of horizontal load into the KIELSTEG

assembly at the ends of the elements
A critical factor is to ensure a sufficient distance of the

fasteners from the edges of the KIELSTEG element. In
particular, when the wall is subjected to wind suction loads,
the screws must be far enough away from the end that they
do not begin to tear out the end grain.
Load transfer into the interior of the diaphragm

along the length of the elements
Horizontal forces acting on the ends of the elements are

distributed very efficiently because of the high compression
and tension strengths of the longitudinal flange timbers.
Where ends of KIELSTEG elements butt up against each
other, for example on middle beams, they should be tightly
connected across the joint.
Local entry of horizontal load into the KIELSTEG

assembly across the width of the elements
Force transmission
into the top flange
When KIELSTEG elements are fastened to the substructure along layer
their sides, lateral stresses must be taken into consideration. If
necessary, lateral reinforcements must be added in view of the fact
that these stresses act across the grain of the flanges. The edges of
the first and last elements can be reinforced by adding fully
threaded screws through the flanges, as shown in the diagram. This
can be done in either the top or bottom flanges or in both. It is not
allowed to tie the element to the substructure with screws into the
webs or into the end board.
88
General General /
Portfolio Details
Load transfer into the roof across

the width of the elements
The fact that the joints between the KIELSTEG elements are
not made absolutely tight in the lateral direction means that
horizontal forces applied laterally to the edge element are
not distributed into the middle of the diaphragm without
extra measures. For this reason, the first three or four
KIELSTEG elements from the edge, depending on the
loading, should be strapped together across their width. This
can be done with steel wind bracing strips, lengths of timber
or sheet wood (plywood or OSB).
Connect large point loads directly into the

middle of the KIELSTEG construction
Fh
First elements strapped together
+/- qh
Lateral forces act linearly on

the edge of the KIELSTEG element
89
General General /
Portfolio Details
Vertical linking
If for some reason the design requires neighbouring

Kielsteg elements to be supported differently, it may be
that they are subject to different vertical deformations.
In order to avoid gaps forming at the joints between the
elements, or the overlapping edges of the elements
being overloaded, the elements should be tied together
using transverse linking boards on top of the elements.
This situation often occurs along exterior walls running
along the length of the Kielsteg elements. In this case,
the linking boards can also serve to distribute wind
loads across multiple elements.
90
General General /
Portfolio Details
Interior diaphragm forces due to loads along

the length of the elements
In order for the roof or floor to function as a rigid diaphragm, The shear forces on the joints are largest around the
the following parts are necessary: perimeter of the diaphragm and decline towards the middle.
When calculating the spacing of the fasteners, it must be
KIELSTEG elements: The elements take up the applied taken into account that only half the length of each element is
forces at the edges of the floor/roof and distribute them available, because of the alternating nailing pattern.
along their length. On the other hand, the elements also
distribute shear forces like the diagonal elements in a braced Full-length chords: Every rigid diaphragm structure must
frame. have full-length elements that fulfil the function of the top and
bottom chords in a truss. This role is usually played by the
Joint boards: The joint boards are essential for transferring top boards (in framework walls) or glulam beams which form
the shear forces from one element to the next. The boards the supports for the KIELSTEG elements. These chords must
are made of 19 mm three-ply material which is usually be tightly connected in both tension and compression along
attached to the KIELSTEG element by dowel-type fasteners. their whole length. The forces are transferred through the
Allowing stress-free shrinkage and swelling of the elements, KIELSTEG assembly, thanks to its shear stiffness, and via
short lengths of joint boards are nailed alternately to the two the fastenings into the supporting beams. The forces in the
neighbouring elements. To form a mesh linkage between the beams increase from the ends towards the middle.
elements, the joint boards must butt up against each other
tightly at their ends.
Joint boards as KIELSTEG as rigid diaphragm

shear connector
qh
Tight linkage in
compression
and tension and tension
91
General General /
Portfolio Details
Interior diaphragm forces due to

loads across the width of the elements
As already mentioned in the previous point, if there are The elements at the edge that are strapped together can still
significant loads applied across the width of the KIELSTEG be loaded as a rigid diaphragm. Alternatively, the effects of
elements, several elements need to be strapped together in lateral forces on the KIELSTEG elements can be analysed by
order to transmit these forces into the middle of the treating the elements as individual bending beams, lying flat,
diaphragm. The joints formed by the joint boards between instead of using diaphragm theory. The bending forces
the KIELSTEG elements, which are necessary to transfer should be calculated only for the top flange layer, and the
shear forces along the length of the KIELSTEG elements, bending forces from vertical loads should be superimposed
also create a significant shear linkage across their width. on them.
Joints (shear linkage)
Linkage of elements
to spread forces into
the middle of the
diaphragm
qh
Fh
Joint not needed

in this variant
Tight linkage in compression and tension
qh
Top flange layers as individual

bending beams for horizontal
load distribution
92
General General /
Portfolio Details
93
General General /
Portfolio Details
Construction
details
On the following pages you will find a selection of suggested construction details
to help designing structures with KIELSTEG elements. The fastening parameters
such as the number and dimensions of fasteners, their minimum spacing and
edge spacing, need to be decided upon in individual cases. In principle, all details
must be evaluated structurally and in terms of building physics for each individual
case. The details shown here do not claim to be complete and should serve as a
starting point for your own design work. We will always be glad to advise you on
other constructions and possible solutions.
94
General General /
Portfolio Details
Wooden
framework walls
Thermal insulation
Waterproof roofing
Vapour barrier
Sealing
Fire joint tape
Gypsum fibre board
Back-ventilated
curtain facade
Thermal insulation
Gypsum fibre board
Detail: KSE_HR_TD_02
95
General General /
Portfolio Details
KIELSTEG element Konstruktionsdetails
Bezeichnung: KSE_HR_TS_01
Stand: 01.12.2017
Auskragung
Framework wall: cantilevered projecting
Maßstab: 1:10 Holzriegelwand roof
Fassade mit WDVS
Facade: exterior insulation finishing system
KSE_HR_TS_01
Wooden framework wall
Thermal &
moisture barrier
Plaster edge
Shadow gap trim for Waterproof roofing
shadow gap Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier
KIELSTEG 280 - 800
Screw fastening
Inside Outside
Konstruktionsdetails
Bezeichnung: KSE_HR_TD_02
Stand: 01.12.2017
Attikadetail
Bezeichnung: KSE_HR_TD_01
Traufendetail Maßstab: 1:10 Holzriegelwand
Framework wall: roof edge with
Stand: 01.12.2017
Maßstab: 1:10
gutter
Holzriegelwand
Framework wall: roof edge with parapet
Fassade hinterlüftet
Facade: back-ventilated curtain facade
Fassade hinterlüftet Facade: back-ventilated curtain facade
KSE_HR_TD_01 KSE_HR_TD_02
min 3°
>2.0%
>2.0% Insect mesh
Insect mesh
Airtight sheet layup
2.0 cm expansion/
2.0 cm expansion/
movement space,
movement space,
insulated
Waterproof roofing Shadow gap insulated
Waterproof roofing Shadow gap
Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier Thermal insulation
KIELSTEG 280 - 800 Vapour barrier
KIELSTEG 280 - 800
Wooden framework
Insulation Wooden framework
Breathable sheet Insulation
Back ventilation Breathable sheet
Wooden facade Back ventilation
Wooden facade
96
General General /
Portfolio Details
CLT
walls
Thermal insulation Waterproof roofing
Vapour barrier
Thermal & moisture

barrier
Fire joint tape
Sealing
Back-ventilated
curtain facade
Cross-laminated timber
Detail: KSE_BSP_TS_01
97
General General /
Portfolio Details
KIELSTEG element
Bezeichnung: DA_BSP_TS_01
Stand: 01.12.2017
Auskragung
Maßstab: 1:10 Brettsperrholzwand
CLT wall: cantilevered projecting Fassade
roof hinterlüftet
KSE_BSP_TS_01
Screw fastening
Cross-laminated timber wall
Thermal &
moisture barrier
Insect mesh
Shadow gap
Outside
Waterproof roofing
Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier
Gypsum plaster board
KIELSTEG element 280-800
Space for plumbing and wiring
CLT
Insulation
Inside Breathable sheet
Back ventilation
Wooden facade
Bezeichnung: KSE_BSP_TD_02
Stand: 01.12.2017
Attikadetail
Maßstab: 1:10 Brettsperrholzwand
Bezeichnung: DA_BSP_TD_01
Stand: 01.12.2017
Traufendetail Fassade WDVS
CLT wall: roof edge with gutterBrettsperrholzwand

Maßstab: 1:10 CLT wall: roof edge with parapet
Fassade hinterlüftet Facade: exterior insulating and finishing system
KSE_BSP_TD_01 KSE_BSP_TD_02
min 3°
>2.0% Insect mesh

>2.0%
2.0 cm expansion/
movement space,
insulated
Horicontal
movement
joint
Waterproof roofing Shadow gap
Thermal insulation
Waterproof roofing
Vapour barrier
Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier
CLT
Insulation
Breathable sheet
Back ventilation
Wooden facade
98
General General /
Portfolio Details
Glulam
beam
Thermal insulation
Waterproof roofing
Vapour barrier
Sealing
Glulam beam
PUR facade panels
Detail: KSE_BSH_TD_02
99
General General /
Portfolio Details
KIELSTEG element
Bezeichnung: KSE_BSH_TS_01
Stand: 01.12.2017
Auskragung
Maßstab: 1:10 Brettschichtholz Binder
Glulam beam: cantilevered projecting roof
Fassade mit Paneel
Facade: PUR facade panels

KSE_BSH_TS_01
Screw fastening
Glulam beam
Thermal &
moisture barrier
Waterproof roofing
Thermal insulation Self-expanding sealant tape
Vapour barrier
KIELSTEG 280 - 800
Glulam beam
Panel
Inside Wooden post Outside
Bezeichnung: KSE_BSH_TD_02
Attikadetail
Traufendetail
Bezeichnung: KSE_BSH_TD_01 Stand: 01.12.2017
Stand: 01.12.2017 Maßstab: 1:10 Brettschichtholz Binder

Glulam beam: roof edge
Maßstab: 1:10 with gutter
Brettschichtholz Binder Glulam beam: roof edge with parapet
Fassade mit Paneel
Facade: PUR facade panels Fassade mit Paneel Facade: PUR facade panels
KSE_BSH_TD_01 KSE_BSH_TD_02
min 3°
>2.0% >2.0%
2.0 cm expansion/
movement space,
2.0 cm expansion/
insulated
movement space,
Waterproof roofing insulated
Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier Waterproof roofing
KIELSTEG 280 - 800 Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier
KIELSTEG 280 - 800
Glulam beam
PUR facade panel
Wooden post
Wooden post
100
General General /
Portfolio Details
Steel
beam
Steel beam
Thermal insulation
Waterproof roofing
Vapour barrier
Sealing
Steel beam
PUR facade panels
Detail: KSE_ST_TD_02
101
General General /
Portfolio Details
KIELSTEG element
Bezeichnung: KSE_ST_TS_01
Stand: 01.12.2017
Auskragung
Maßstab: 1:10 Stahlträger
Steel beam: cantilevered projecting roof
Fassade mit Paneel
Facade: PUR facade panels

KSE_ST_TS_01
Thermal &
moisture barrier
Steel beam
Waterproof roofing
Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier
Screw fastening KIELSTEG 280 - 800
Inside Outside
Bezeichnung: KSE_ST_TD_02
Stand: 01.12.2017
Attikadetail
Maßstab: 1:10 Stahlträger
Fassade mit Paneel
Steel beam: roof edge with gutterTraufendetail Steel beam: roof edge with parapet
Bezeichnung: KSE_ST_TD_01
Stand: 01.12.2017
Stahlträger
Facade: PUR facade panels Facade: PUR facade panels
Maßstab: 1:10
Fassade mit Paneel
KSE_ST_TD_01 KSE_ST_TD_02
min 3°
>2.0%
>2.0%
2.0 cm expansion/
2.0 cm expansion/ movement space,
movement space, insulated
insulated
Waterproof roofing
Steel beam Thermal insulation Steel beam
Vapour barrier
Waterproof roofing
Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier
KIELSTEG element 280-800 Steel structure
PUR facade panel
Steel structure
PUR facade panel
102
General General /
Portfolio Details
Concrete
brick walls
Thermal insulation
Waterproof roofing Vapour barrier
Vapour barrier
Sealing
Fire joint tape
Woodden beam
Concrete
embracing
Masonry Plaster
exterior insulation
finishing system
Detail: KSE_MW_TD_03
103
General General /
Portfolio Details
KIELSTEG element
Bezeichnung: KSE_MW_TS_01
Stand: 01.12.2017
Auskragung
Maßstab: 1:10 Betonwand
Concrete wall: cantilevered projectingFassade
roofmit WDVS
Facade: exteritor insulating and finishing system
KSE_MW_TS_01
screw fastening
Concete/masonry wall
Thermal &
moisture barrier
Plaster edge
Support surface
rendered +/-0.5 cm/8.0 m
airtight joint configuration
Sylomer according statics

Waterproof roofing
Thermal insulation
Concrete
Vapour barrier
Exterior insulation
KIELSTEG 280 - 800
finishing system
Inside Outside
Bezeichnung: KSE_MW_TD_03
Stand: 01.12.2017
Attikadetail
Maßstab: 1:10 Betonwand mit Betonrost
Concrete wall: roof edge with gutter Attikadetail Masonry wall: roof edge with parapet
Stand: 01.12.2017
Fassade mit WDVS
Betonwand
Facade: exteritor insulating and Facade: exteritor insulating and
Maßstab: 1:10
Fassade mit WDVS

finishing system finishing system
KSE_MW_TD_01 KSE_MW_TD_02
min 3 °
>2.0% >2.0%
2.0 cm expansion/ 2.0 cm expansion/

movement space, movement space,
insulated insulated
Facade board
airtight sheet
layup
Support surface Plaster edge trim for
Waterproof roofing rendered +/-0.5 cm/8.0 m shadow gap
Thermal insulation Waterproof roofing
Vapour barrier Thermal insulation
KIELSTEG 280 - 800 Vapour barrier
KIELSTEG 280 - 800
104
General General /
Portfolio Details
105
General General /
Portfolio Details
Stand: 01.12.2017
Attikadetail
Stand: 01.12.2017
Attikadetail
Fassade mit WDVS
Masonry wall: roof edge with parapetBetonwand
Maßstab: 1:10 Concrete wall: roof edge with parapet
Fassade mit WDVS Facade: exteritor insulating and finishing system
KSE_MW_TD_03 KSE_MW_TD_04
min 3°
min 3°
>2.0%
>2.0%
Insect mesh
Airtight sheet
layup
2.0 cm expansion/
movement space,
2.0 cm expansion/ insulation
movement space,
insulated
Support surface
Plaster edge
Sylomer according Waterproof roofing
to statics Thermal insulation
Waterproof roofing Vapour barrier
Thermal insulation Support surface KIELSTEG 280 - 800
Vapour barrier rendered +/-0.5 cm/8.0 m
KIELSTEG 280 - 800
Plaster
Masonry
Insulation
Breathable sheet Konstruktionsdetails
Back ventilation
Wooden facade
Stand: 01.12.2017
Attikadetail
Fassade mit WDVS
Concrete wall: roof edge with parapet
Facade: exteritor insulating and finishing system
KSE_MW_TD_05
min 3°
>2.0%
Airtight
sheet layup
2.0 cm expansion/
movement space,
insulation
Horicontal
movement
Sylomer joint
Roofing membrane according statics
Thermal insulation
Vapour barrier
KIELSTEG 280 - 800 Support surface
Concrete
Exterior insulation
finishing system
106
General Carport Weidenweg /
Raw material wood Furniture Factory Faustmann
KIELSTEG structure Office Sigmatek
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Carport
Weidenweg
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Idea
This project demonstrates the efficient use of
Kielsteg elements for a carport in an apartment
development in Gleisdorf. The sustainable
elements provide shelter for 19 cars and by
reducing supports to a minimum, ensure that the
space can be used flexibly. The construction
uses 340 m² of Kielsteg elements. The structural
analysis resulted in the specification of Kielsteg
type KSE 330. The largest clear span in this
project is approximately 10 m. Special features
of this design are the large cantilevered areas
and wide spans and also the openings in the
Kielsteg elements. This is part of the architectu-
ral concept, which has trees growing through
holes in the buildings. Another special feature is
the lighting concept, which highlights the shape
of the Kielsteg cross-section and gives the whole
design a special note.
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Perfect car
storage with
Kielsteg
Factor: Performance
The ability to build wide spans and cantilevered projections
reduced the need for supports and pillars. This is especially
helpful for carports: fewer supports means the overall
structure can be smaller, and at the same time manoeuvring
cars in and out of the shelter is easier.
Factor: Architecture
The thinness and strength of Kielsteg elements give architects
greater freedom of composition and enable stylish and
original designs.
Factor: Design
Plants or trees growing through openings in the Kielsteg
elements, or integrated LED lighting are just two of the
possibilities. So your car can have a home that is both
practical and sustainable.
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2818.0
Basic
33.0 500.5 24.0 831.0 24.0
20 21 22 23 24
Pos 19
Pos 18
concept
Gefälle 2%
FRR100/50/5
FRR100/50/5
Pos 15
Pos 16
Pos 12
Pos 11
33.0 250.0 250.0 25.0 250.0 250.0 80.0 250.0 25.0
Dachrinne
Carport 2 with
A
11 x KSE 330 Select
OPENINGS
Design element for natural lighting
CANTILEVERED PROJECTIONS
Up to 6 m projections
OPEN SPANS
Up to 4 parking spaces without intermediate supports
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Carport 1 with
10 x KSE 330 Select
831.0 24.0 116.5 434.0
25 26 27
Pos 21
Pos 20
250.0
25.0
FRR100/50/5
FRR100/50/5
10
Pos 17
FRR100/50/5
Pos 14
250.0
500.0
17.33 m2
Waste bins
Pos 13
Bicycle parking
250.0 250.0 80.0 250.0 25.0 550.0
9.41 m2
612.3 201.3 10.0 115.0 120.0 115.0
20.0
8
270.0
550.0
19
Pos 10 Pos 09 Pos 08 Pos 07 Pos 06

7
Assembly direction
767.5
250.0
18
247.5
17
25.0
25.0
135.0 401.3 25.0
25.0
250.0
2930.0
Gefälle 4%
5
16
252.5
4
15
1005.0
252.5
3 Pos 05 Pos 04 Pos 03 Pos 02 Pos 01

14
250.0
2 13
B B
25.0
25.0
247.5
12
562.5
290.0
1 11
25.0
Dachrinne
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Details +269.8
Schnitt A-A
Gra
+236.8
Section A-A 3.1 107.0 117.0
Schnitt A-A
+198.1
+269.8 Gradient 2%
+258.3
+236.8 KSE 330/43/102
FR 139,7/5
3.1 107.0 117.0
+198.1 117.0 117.0 +200.0
116.0
Beam GL24h 24/36 visible +188.3
135.0
± 0.0
FR 139,7/5
135.0 421.6 25.0

± 0.0 556.6
Detail B Detail Einfahrt

Detail Rückwand
Upstand
Upstand added
added by
by roofing
roofing contractor
contractor
2.0
2.0
Detail Einfahrt
0.8 1.5
0.8
Eternit 8mm
Upstand added by roofing contractor

31.0
1.5 0.8
34.8
34.8
0.8
2.0
OSB 15mm
0.8 1.5
0.8
3.8
3.0
3.1
31.0
34.8
Fastened using
threaded rods
3.8
3.1
Wooden facade
Substructure facade
Neoprene pads
25.0 4.5 Schnitt

8.0 2.4 B-B
Detail B
+258.3
FR 139,7/5
113
Best Practice421.6 25.0
135.0 421.6 25.0
556.6
Portfolio ± 0.0 556.6
Section A Detail Rückwand Detail Rückwand

2.0
2.0
Detail Einfahrt Eternit 8mm
Eternit 8mm
Upstand added by roofing contractor 1.5 0.8

1.5 0.8
34.8
0.8
34.8
0.8
OSB 15mm
2.0
OSB 15mm
0.8 1.5
0.8
3.0
3.0
31.0
34.8
Fastened using
threaded rods Fastened using
threaded rods
3.8
3.1
Wooden facade
Wooden facade
Substructure facade
Substructure facade
Neoprene pads
Neoprene pads
25.0 4.5 8.0 2.4

25.0 4.5 8.0 2.4
Section B-B
Schnitt B-B
Detail A +258.3
Detail B Detail A
+258.3 +258.3
KSE 330/43/102 +225.3

+225.3 KSE 330/43/102 +225.3
117.0 117.0 114.5
Beam GL24h 24/36 visible 107.0 117.0 117.0 117.0 114.5
+189.3 Beam GL24h 24/36 visible
19.3
19.3
14.9
14.9
FR 139,7/5
+72.0
+72.0
401.3 25.0 25.0

135.0 401.3 25.0 25.0
536.3
536.3
± 0.0
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Faustmann
furniture factory
The company Faustmann Möbelmanufaktur has been making
premium quality wooden furniture for 26 years. In that time the
company has written an impressive success story: from a
beginning as a one-man operation in St. Johann in der Haide, it
now employs around 120 people to realize their customers’
dreams of graceful living. With the new factory, Erwin Faustmann
has fulfilled his own dream: a factory built of wood where his
highly skilled craftsmen can enjoy their work. Kielsteg elements
enabled the factory to be built with an absolute minimum of
internal supports, and the elegant appearance of the wooden
elements give the space a warm and pleasant ambience.
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Idea
The Faustmann furniture company wanted to build a
new factory completely in wood. The roof was made of
Kielsteg Basic KSE 280 elements over an area of 3,569
m2. The main reasons for using these high-performance
wooden elements were the high level of prefabrication,
saving construction time, and the sustainability and light
weight of the elements.
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Building with Kielsteg:

lightness in wood
Factor: Prefabrication
The precise and fully automated fabrication process ensures
both high quality and rapid installation on the construction site
– key aspects that are needed to enable quick and professional
building in wood.
Factor: Flexibility
Kielsteg scores when it comes to designing and building
architectural concepts with a minimum of supports, giving the
greatest possible freedom to use the interior space in buildings.
This was a must-have in this project so that the company can
arrange and rearrange their collection of machines as required.
Factor: Light weight

If a building plot has special requirements, the light weight of wood
can be a key advantage. The new Faustmann factory needed to be
built on sandy soil, which made Kielsteg the best choice for
reducing the total weight that the foundations have to bear.
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Faustmann – a success Faustmann stands for sophisticated design, executed in

top quality. The factory makes furniture for hotels and
story with future potential restaurants and executes many large projects each year
in this sector. But a sizeable number of private customers
also turn to Faustmann for stylish interiors for their
homes. In 2017, Faustmann introduced their own line of
Just off the Autobahn at the Hartberg exit, in the eastern fitted kitchens, offering individual design for moderate
Styrian community of St. Johann in der Haide, stands the prices. The possibilities range from economical entry-
factory of Faustmann Möbelmanufaktur. The red of the level models to highly customized creations with
company logo is repeated in the exterior design of the exclusive surfaces. Around 1500 kitchens leave the
smart buildings. Erwin Faustmann sits by the window factory each year.
and looks proudly out at his new factory building, where
around 90 skilled cabinetmakers are hard at work,
crafting the dreams of their customers for interior design Yet Faustmann also feels the growing competition and
and top-quality, individual furniture. In total the company pressure on prices from the opening of the European
employs 120 people, grown from a one-man operation in market and the growth of online sales channels. To
just 26 years. Erwin Faustmann hadn’t planned on this survive in this competitive environment, a business
much growth at the beginning. But he rapidly made a needs excellent antennae for people and their needs and
name for himself with his commitment to high quality, total consistency in quality. If these elements are
quick completion of projects and technical excellence in present, there is no shortage of clients who are willing to
joinery. trust Faustmann with their projects. When Faustmann
decided to build a new factory, they placed the same
trust in the builders’ firm Kulmer from Pischelsdorf, not
It´s not for nothing that the company motto far from Hartberg. Kulmer has earned an excellent
is ‘One man, one word – Faustmann’. reputation for building in wood, and was the first choice
Reliability and faithfulness to their word are for the project.
what have made the Faustmann team such
a successful company. Working with the architects ZT Gerhard Kreiner from
Gröbming, the new factory was designed and built
completely in wood. The project only took 12 months
from the beginning of design work to completion of the
building. Thanks to detailed and precise prefabrication,
the on-site construction was completed within six
months. Some concrete was needed to meet the
requirements of the painting shop, and the contrast of
concrete and wood is used as a design feature in some
other parts of the building as well. From the beginning,
Erwin Faustmann was determined that that the building
had to be a full wooden construction and flexible in use.
To make space for machines, the factory floor has to be
as free of pillars and posts as absolutely possible. These
requirements led Kulmer to the logical choice of Kielsteg.
Kulmer has been producing and developing the
innovative and sustainable roof and floor elements in
Pischelsdorf since 2006. The excellent structural
performance and the resource-efficient production and
processing make Kielsteg the perfect element for roofs
and floors, especially when these need to cover wide
spans.
Die Firma Faustmann steht für anspruchsvolles Design,

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The reduction of pillars in the factory floor enabled the Asked how a local factory can survive, and even grow, in
furniture maker to set up optimized, economical times of open European markets and expansion of
workflows. The Kielsteg elements also support flexible furniture stores and discounters, Erwin Faustmann
use, whenever things need to be rearranged. And why answers thoughtfully, but optimistically: “Our strength is
did the designers choose the big, attractive but rather in the professional skill of our cabinetmakers and the
expensive areas of glass? excellent work of our designers. Customers do notice the
difference when they experience individual design and
excellent workmanship – whether the job is big or small.
I’ve always insisted on high quality, in every area of
“Well, when you can be at work and watch customer service; my customers can rely on that. The
trust of a personal relationship still has a lot of value in
the snowflakes in the wind outside at the our digital age. Also the increasing automation won’t
same time, what could be nicer for a eliminate our craft, and it has advantages – machines
cabinetmaker?”, Erwin Faustmann asks. work with high precision and we save time in production.
Our trade needs so much know-how and skill that
nobody who works at it with commitment will have to
worry.”
He always dreamed of a workshop with a view into the
landscape, and he made this dream come true for In fact it’s the shortage of qualified workers that is a
himself and his workers with this design. But it is also so challenge for the friendly company. To counter this
the customers can come and see their furniture being problem, Faustmann trains around 12 apprentices a year.
made. “The customers are always welcome to come by Erwin Faustmann knows that the workers are the pillars
and inspect the work”, he says. This is part of cultivating the business is built on. And that is why he made the new
involvement and trust, the ingredients of a lasting building not only a sustainable building, but also an
customer relationship. The biggest challenge of the attractive, pleasant workplace for his employees.
project was the ground: the sandy soil meant that the
structure effectively needed to be built on stilts. Of
course, the lightweight wooden design was an
advantage in this sense, too. The building is free of
drywall, outside insulation and other tricks. The heating
system was also designed for sustainability: underfloor
heating keeps the temperature pleasant and is fired with
waste wood from the factory.
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Factory shed concept

400.0 400.0
RWA
+8.70 +870.0 +857.6 = Top of insulation +870.0 +870.0
+843.6 +838.1
RINNE +798.9 RINNE +794.0 +796.7
+768.7
2.2°
2.2°
2.5°
2.5°
160.0
153.7
Beam GL28c 22/120-160-120 Beam GL28c 16/120-154-120
120.9
118.7
70.0
+650.0 +6.50 +650.0 +650.0 +650.0
Pillar GL24h 40/100

Pillar GL24h 24/68
Pillar GL24h 24/68

+3.00
2.0 2240.0 100.0 1770.0 2.0
+1.30 4246.0
+1.30
68.0 68.0
±0.00=366.00 ±0.00=366.00 ±0.0 ±0.0 ±0.00=366.00
-1.00
Foundation as calculated
44.0 2326.0 1856.0 44.0
2
4
25.0
525.0
4
525.0
5 5
525.0
525.0
525.0
3
3
525.0
525.0
525.0
525.0
525.0
525.0
1
1
525.0
525.0
525.0
525.0
25.0
2
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Kielsteg as roof shell

Concept with support grid of approx.
5.3 m using Kielsteg as the roof.
Insulation
thickness
Facade
Ceiling height
height
Concept of the
supporting structure
KSE elements
as roof
distance approx. 5.3 m
Secondary
support
Opening with
reinforcing beams
Primary support distance approx. 22.0 m Primary support

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Details
+870.0 ISG
0.8 cm Facade cladding WD=10cm

3.0cm Vertical planking, colourless impregnation,
vapour barrier with SD value <0.15 m
12.0 cm CLT panels in non-visible quality, Substructure as
colourless impregnation ISG +653.7 +650.0
calculated
12.0
Details by agreement
with glass construction
company (Wilhelmer)
Detail A
400.0 400.0
RWA
+8.70 +870.0 +857.6 = Top of
+843.6
RINNE +798.9
2.2°
2.2°
40.0 40.0
160.0
Beam GL28c 22/120-160-120

120.9
70.0
2.0
+130.0
+650.0 +6.50 +650.0
Pillar GL24h 24/68
32.0
± 0.0
+3.00
2.0 2240.0
+1.30
68.0
±0.00=366.00 ±0.00=366.00 ±0.0
-1.00
44.0 2326.0
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+870.0
+650.0
3.0
40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30
12.0
90
31.8
Detail B
f insulation +870.0 +870.0

+838.1
RINNE +794.0 +796.7
+768.7
2.5°
2.5°
153.7
Beam GL28c 16/120-154-120

118.7
+650.0 +650.0
Pillar GL24h 40/100
Pillar GL24h 24/68
68.0 40.0
2.0
+130.0
100.0 1770.0 2.0

4246.0
+1.30
68.0
32.0
±0.0 ±0.00=366.00
1856.0 44.0
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Assembly
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Kielsteg
Adding a
Gesamtfläche 340m²
storey
Verbautes Volumen: 112,2m³
Holzanteil in m³ ca. 38m³
35% Holz
65% Luft
21 x KSE 330.select
36 Lfm Leimholzträger
5 Stahlsäulen
ca. 340m² Flugdach für

19 Autoabstellplätze, einem
Fahrradabstellpaltz sowie
einen Müllraum 80 cm
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Was macht das Projekt

Caport Weidenweg
einzigartig?
Wo sind die Vorteile von
25 meter
Kielsteg bei diesem Bau?
Warum nicht mit einem
anderen Baustoff?
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Idea
Sigmatek GmbH & Co KG is a medium-sized company
based in Lamprechtshausen, north of Salzburg city.
Sigmatek researches, develops and produces
automation technology for industrial processes, which it
sells all over the world. With pioneering technology, a
maximum of customer orientation and flexible business
practices, the company makes a key contribution to the
success of its customers and this drives its own growth
and development.
The expansion of the company premises and the

addition of a new storey to the existing building were
planned to incorporate sustainability, efficiency and
readiness for the future in equal measure. Kielsteg was
used in this project as the primary structure, with a
maximum span of 25 m. In total, 875 m² of Kielsteg Type
KSE 600 and 782 m² of Kielsteg Type KSE 800 were
installed. The elements were delivered on seven heavy
load trucks and installed in the shortest time. The key
arguments for using Kielsteg in this project were Building owner: Sigmatek GmbH & CoKG, Lamprechtshausen
flexibility of use of the office space, rapid construction Design: Otto Duswald KG, Lamprechtshausen
and the light weight of the elements. Wooden building: Zenz Holzbau GmbH, Eggelsberg
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Innovative rebuild in
record time with
KIELSTEG
Factor: Span width
Flexibility and adaptability of use were central to what the client
asked the architects and builders to do. This plays to the
strengths of Kielsteg. The maximum span of 25 m creates
space for creative and flexible design of the floor plan.
Factor: Construction time

Extending buildings that are in use almost always leads to wood as
construction material. The advantages of prefabrication and rapid
construction enable the job to be done with minimal disruption of
business. Also, the existing building is only exposed to the elements
for a short time. Kielsteg is a key element in making the process as
rapid as possible.
Factor: Light weight

Adding extra floors to a building poses the challenge of creating
a new structure within the statics constraints of the existing
building. Wood is attractive for this use because of its light
weight. Kielsteg further increases the structural possibilities
with its maximum span of up to 28 m.
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Structural
concept
KIELSTEG span width

18 meter
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Functionality of
KIELSTEG elements Insulation
thickness
Concept using Kielsteg elements
with a structural spacing of up to
25 m and Kielsteg as primary
load-bearing element.
Facade
height Ceiling height
KIELSTEG span width KIELSTEG total height = 80 cm

16 meter
KIELSTEG span width

25 meter
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Maximal
performance
KSE 800
height = 80 cm
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134
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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Project
portfolio
135
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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136
General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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Be-Mine
Boulevard
Belgium / Flanders / Beringen
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Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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Living, working, shopping and relaxing on the site of a central park and the spoil hill is provided in the form of a
historic coalmine: this is Be-MINE Boulevard. The project 15,000 m2 green roof area of the retail park. In this structure
is part of the reuse and revitalization of the biggest designed by the Belgian architect Frederik Vaes, glass and
protected industrial monument in Flanders. Mining wood are used subtly to create an emotional contrast to
operations at the 32-hectare site in the town of Beringen the steel and brick mood of the surrounding mine
stopped in 1989. The master plan for its conversion buildings. The roof structure relies totally on the
envisages a balanced combination of residential, working sustainability and structural performance of KIELSTEG
and shopping functions, as well as the creation of elements. Using KIELSTEG allowed the creation of the
approximately 500 jobs. The design concept aims to projecting roof and the spacious entrance area to the
integrate the protected historic buildings and the large hill shops free of pillars. The structure is very slender, using a
of spoil from the mine. The hill will become a recreational spacing of 7.4 metres between supports and a cantilevered
park and offers spectacular views over the area of the projecting roof of 4.9 metres. The light, open, clean
former mine workings. A key role in the new building is structure and the characteristic striped pattern of
played by the central square with 700 parking spaces and KIELSTEG are major elements in the ambience of the
the neighbouring retail park. central square. The short construction time was also a
An uninterrupted link between the historic buildings, the factor in the designers’ choice.
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General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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Workshops & factory

Baierl + Demmelhuber Germany / Bavaria / Töging am Inn
Baierl + Demelhuber is a company that designs and produces high-end interiors

for shops and showrooms. For their new workshop and fabrication building in
Töging, they placed equally high demands on aesthetics as on flexibility of use.
The design by Hinterschwepfinger Projekt GmbH used KIELSTEG elements to
create a solution as practical as it is elegant. The aesthetically impressive roof
construction covers a large space with only three internal supports. The interior
area measures 66 × 46 metres. This allows the space of approximately 3,000 m2 to
be used very flexibly in response to changing needs.
The project was awarded the materialPREIS by the materials agency raumPROBE
for outstanding materials competence and high construction quality.
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General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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Grabmann
office building
Austria / Upper Austria / Arbing
The office and warehouse building for the window and door
manufacturer Bauservice Grabmann, in Arbing, was the first
use of Kielsteg and CLT on this scale. In terms of the overall
size of the building, this broke into a new league for wooden
construction systems.
The task was to create an office tract 12 m wide and 50 m long,
a warehouse and logistics shed, and also a showroom 23 m
wide by 50 m long. Using sustainable building materials was
important to the client. And so the architect, Stefan Ager of
Ager Obergottsberger architects, turned to ZMP.
The cost efficiency, the visual appearance and the space
without internal supports were the reasons that led to the
choice of Kielsteg combined with CLT.
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General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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Knapp
Kinderwelt
Austria / Styria / Graz
Photo © Marie Öttl, Planning Arch. DI Christian Meier

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General / /
Raw material wood
KIELSTEG structure
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One of the archetypal uses of Kielsteg is for

buildings with roof spans of 15 to 24 m: shops,
schools and kindergartens. The Kielsteg elements
are installed rapidly as simple spans. That is how it
worked at the Knapp Kinderwelt in Hart bei Graz,
which was designed by the architect Christian
Meier. New regulations promoting increased use of
wood have been a stimulus to building activity in
this sector. And the architecture for buildings such
as a childcare centre demands flexible and open
space concepts. Light and strong wooden
constructions meet these requirements in a highly
economical way.
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Spar
Graz Pirka
Austria / Styria / Pirka
Photo © KoCo Grafik, Graz
Climate protection and sustainability are now major factors

in the design of new supermarkets. The new Spar
supermarket in Pirka makes good use of sustainable energy
concepts and materials. It has given the village on the
outskirts of Graz a new and convenient local shop which is
generously dimensioned, with 600 m2 of shopping space,
and also incorporates a café-restaurant. It is a model for the
new generation of environmentally-friendly supermarket
buildings.
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Photo © Paul Ott, Graz
Tunnel
headquarters
Austria / Styria / Hausmannstätten
The tunnel headquarters in Hausmannstätten has

three functions: the control centre for the road
tunnel, the road maintenance yard and a central
workshop. In order to keep the building as
unobtrusive as possible, it was conceived as part of
the landscape. The green roofs, which have a
positive climatic effect, imitate the form of the long
narrow fields in the area; the building follows the
curve of the road, and at one end fits snugly up
against the green road embankment. The goal of
the design was to exploit the topography to
minimize noise, energy consumption and transport
distances as far as possible. In view of the wear
and tear due to weathering and the works traffic
(including frost and road salt), the building uses
very robust and untreated materials such as steel-
reinforced concrete, wood in the interior, steel and
industrial glass.
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Zotter
chocolate factory
Austria / Styria / Riegersburg
By now, everyone knows Zotter chocolate. But highly original

chocolate creations are not the only thing the company is known for.
Environmental awareness and sustainability are also part of what
makes Zotter one of the world’s best chocolatiers. As you would
expect, this company vision is also reflected in the standards they
demand in their buildings. Innovation, sustainability and regional
value creation are important to them. The extension to the chocolate
factory gives visitors views into the production process on one side
and out into the hills around Riegersburg on the other.
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Environmental
Competence
Centre
Austria / Styria / Schäffern
2009 Winner of the Solid Bautech Prize for

Small & Medium Enterprises
Photo © Eisenberger
The Environmental Competence Centre in Schäffern was built as
a three-storey wooden structure to passive house standards.
Since 2009 it has been home to the Wechselland Academy, a
training centre with focus on environmental technology. The
building is a compact block broken up only by two dramatic,
sculptural cutouts. The vertically planked larch facades, the
rounded corners and the windows flush with the facade lend the
composition a tremendous lightness. The competence centre,
which is located in the area known as the Spa Country
(Thermenland) was sponsored by the regional governments of
Lower Austria and Styria, and was designed by Kaltenegger
Architects of Passail in Styria. KIELSTEG elements were used for
the structural floors, providing visible ceilings in two storeys of
the building, and for the 12-metre-wide single-span roof, which
is a green flat roof.
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SFG
Impulse Centre
Austria / Styria / Lebring
The impulse centre, built for the Styrian Business

Promotion Agency SFG, offers technology start-ups a
space located beside the A9 motorway. With a floor area
of 4,400 m2, the centre is part of the technology axis
Graz-Maribor. The single-storey building is a
rectangular block which contains 810 m2 of space for
workshops and an office tract inserted into the middle .
The otherwise very plain structure is brought to life by
the transparent, bronze-coloured plastic facade, which
gives a tantalizing softness to the boundary between the
building and the outside. The wooden structure uses
glulam posts at sevenmetre centres to form the
perimeter walls. Design and engineering were done by
Hohensinn Architects, Graz. The roof is made of
KIELSTEG elements with a height of 48.5 cm, covering
the whole width of the building, 18.1 m, in a single span.
The flat roof is laid up as a warm roof with a waterproof
membrane and 14 cm of external insulation.
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Softline
office
Austria / Styria / Gleisdorf
This building belongs to Softline, a system

provider for business software and hardware,
and clearly expresses the company’s high
expectations of architecture and building
quality. The wide clear spans of the KIELSTEG
roof elements make the whole building free of
internal walls and supports, which ensures high
flexibility of use for the company. Because the
building is nestled into the hilly landscape near
Gleisdorf, the flat roof is visible from above and
is covered in gravel to achieve visual harmony
with the surroundings. The roof with a span of
nine metres carries a loading of 3 kN/m2.
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Theater an der Wien

Stage set
Austria / Vienna
1730 – George Frideric Handel’s ‘Partenope’, an opera in three

acts about love, jealousy and changing partners. Named after
the ancient city in Magna Graecia, the original settlement of
Naples. The stage set is dominated by a large wall that turns
about its horizontal axis, which is also used as a stage floor. The
rotating wall/floor is made of prestressed KIELSTEG elements:
12.5 metres long, 5.6 metres wide and 48 cm thick.
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Sales
international
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Kielsteg comes with a full support service. Our

competent structural engineers will always be happy to
advise you on all aspects of statics and design, building
physics and fire protection. We will help you choose the
right dimensions of Kielsteg elements and advise you on
how to integrate them into your project.
Contact
We are committed to providing professional support at
every stage of your work with Kielsteg. Our sales
partners are companies with a lot of experience and
excellent reputations in building with wood.
Thomas Puster ZMP GmbH

Austria Tel. +43 316 23 83 83
Mail: t.puster@massivholzsystem.at
Parkring 18D
8074 Raaba-Grambach
Dieter Penninck Laminated Timber Solutions

Benelux, FR, GB Tel. +32 51 78 88 88
Mail: verkoop@ltsbelgium.be
Breulstraat 111
8890 Moorslede
Michael Dünner Holz Stürm AG

Switzerland Tel. +41 71 844 99 11
Mail: duenner@holzstuerm.ch
Bleicheweg 7
9403 Goldach
Lisa Kleinfeld KIELSTEG Deutschland GmbH

Germany Tel. +49 8677 91 755 554
Mail: l.kleinfeld@kielsteg.de
Hintermehringer Straße 3
84561 Mehring
Stefan Berndt MAK Building GmbH

Italy Tel. +43 4232 2702 716
Mail: office@makbuilding.eu
Haimburg 52
9111 Haimburg
Aino Werp Control as.

Norway, SE, DK Tel. +47 905 50 077
Mail: aw@control.no
Filipstadveien 7
0250 Oslo
KIELSTEG –
Light and wide
The handbook for the wooden roof and floor elements with
outstanding structural performance.
www.kielsteg.com

Kielsteg Manual 2019

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KIELSTEG –

Light and wide

Graphic design, cover

© ZMP GmbH, April 2019

Planning Building Physics Statics

Details Best Practice Reference

Foto: Stora Enso

Wood, the unique raw material

Wood is a natural material. All the ingredients needed for

The main components of wood are cellulose and lignin. It also

Foto: Stora Enso

The beauty of sustainable forestry is that it is not

Johann Carl von Carlowitz, 1713

Foto: Stora Enso

Foto: Stora Enso

Foto: Stora Enso

INCREASE REDUCE BOOST

“This technology enables

Kielsteg elements are usually used in buildings with large clear

Wide clear spans

Low-proﬁle Boats keel

Optional camber along

Conventional shed structure

KIELSTEG for low-slope roofs

And the Oscar

Innovation Prize for European Forestry and

Patent of the Year 2013: Austrian Patent Office.

1st Prize of the ‘materials agency’ raumPROBE

2015 2017 Time

Element shape Straight or cambered along the element length

Application Structural roof single-span, multi-span system

System Primary structure, secondary structure

Fire protection REI 0, REI 30

Element width 120.0 cm (used for price calculation)

Laid unit width 116.5 cm + joint

Dimensional change 0.24 % per 1 % change in wood moisture content

Webs of 3-ply, 4 mm spruce and

KSE 280/30/113 KSE 280/35/113

Kulmer Holz-Leimbau GesmbH

KSE 330/30/113 KSE 330/35/102

Kulmer Holz-Leimbau GesmbH

Element Shape Straight or cambered along the element length

Application Structural roof single-span, multi-span system

System Primary structure, secondary structure

Fire protection REI 30, REI 60

Element width 120.0 cm (used for price calculation)

Laid unit width 116.5 cm + joint

Dimensional change 0.24 % per 1 % change in wood moisture content

OSB3 sheets of thicknesses 8 mm,

280/40/93 3.5 116.5

Element weight: 46.20 kg/m² 120.0

Kulmer Holz-Leimbau GesmbH

Element weight: 49.01 kg/m² 120.0

KSE 330/30/113 KSE 330/35/102

Element weight: 50.47 kg/m²

Kulmer Holz-Leimbau GesmbH

KSE 370.select 6.0 6.0

370/40/85 10.2 9.3 8.5 9.3 8.5

Element weight: 51.13 kg/m²

Kulmer Holz-Leimbau GesmbH

KSE 485.select 6.0 6.0

KSE 485/40/107 KSE 485/40/96 KSE 485/50/96 KSE 485/60/87

Kulmer Holz-Leimbau GesmbH

KSE 560/50/138 KSE 560/50/121 KSE 560/60/121 KSE 560/70/107