Data Journalism

Mahesh Joshi
(M.Sc.-Environmental. Sc., MA-Journalism & Mass Com., MA- Archaeology)

Friday, November 03, 2023

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SUMMARY
 What is data?
 Classification of Data
 Collection of data
 What is Journalism and Data Journalism?
 Why data Journalism?
 Basic skills required for Data Journalism
 Challenges for Data Journalism
 Examples of Data Stories
 Thank You
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WHAT IS DATA?

• Data is a collection of information gathered • Data is a collection of facts, such as numbers,

by observations, measurements, research, or words, measurements, observations or just
analysis. They may consist of facts, numbers, descriptions of things.
names, figures, or even descriptions of
things. Data is organized in the form of
graphs, charts, or tables.
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CLASSIFICATION OF DATA
Qualitative and Quantitative

• Qualitative: Qualitative data is descriptive • Quantitative: Quantitative data is numerical

information. It describes the quality of information. It provides information in numbers.
something or someone. For example, For example, the height, weight, length,
handwriting, habits, colour, physique, beauty, percentage, marks, profit, loss, etc.
etc. give us qualitative information about a
person, place, or thing.
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COLLECTION OF DATA

• 1-Direct Observation • 2-Survey

Lab, Two types of survey are
headcount, etc. • A Census- When we collect data for every
member of the group (the whole "population").

• A Sample- When we collect data just for

selected members of the group.
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EXAMPLE OF DATA
Temperature of city Distribution of Party wise MP’s in Maha.

City Min. Temp. Min. Temp. Party State No. of

(in Degrees) (in Degrees) MP’s
Mumbai 25 40 BJP Maharashtra 23
Delhi 45 16 SS Maharashtra 18
Bangalore 23 35 INC Maharashtra 01
Kolkata 30 42 NCP Maharashtra 04
Chennai 33 38 Other Maharashtra 02
Jaipur 43 45 Total 48

(Source- IMD, New Delhi) (Source- ECI, New Delhi)


WHAT IS JOURNALISM?
• It is literature in a hurry.
• The profession of collecting and writing news in
newspapers, magazines, and portals or talking
about it on the television, radio, or YouTube
channel.
7
• Journalism is the activity of gathering, assessing,
creating, and presenting news and information. It is
also the product of these activities.
• Journalism is the production and distribution of
reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and
people that are the "news of the day" and that
informs society to at least some degree of accuracy.
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WHAT IS DATA JOURNALISM?

ALSO KNOWN AS DATA-DRIVEN JOURNALISM
• Data journalism is a • Data journalism is a form of journalism that
• It is a type of journalism that
branch of journalism that enables reporters to use quantitative data to
interprets raw data and uses
relies on gathering and uncover hidden trends, patterns, and insights
that information as a critical
analysing numerical data, that might otherwise go unnoticed. By
source for a story.
followed by presenting it collecting and analysing data, journalists can
within a compelling story provide readers with a deeper understanding
that audiences can digest. of complex issues and present information in
a way that is more easily digestible.

WHAT IS DATA JOURNALISM?
• In data journalism, journalists use data to
develop ideas and craft news stories that can
potentially have an impact on society's
understanding of a specific topic.
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• Some critics argue all modern journalism is
data journalism. After all, when a news story is
printed, it should contain facts and those facts
can be quantified as ‘data’. However, the term
‘data journalism’ brings to mind something
more than traditional reporting.
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WHY DATA JOURNALISM?

In recent years, data journalism has become increasingly popular as the internet and digital
technology have made it easier to collect, store, and share data. This has led to a significant
increase in the number of journalists who are using data to enhance their reporting.

• A traditional journalism gives only an overview • Data journalism allows reporters to verify
of the story, but Data journalism shows an in- claims, tackle more critical stories, and offer
depth side of the story. detail while being more efficient.

In India, after the launch of the Digital India Mission in the year 2015, it has become easy to
access data from almost all government departments through their websites.
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BASIC SKILLS REQUIRED FOR D.J.

• 1-Basics of • 3-Analytical skills/ Data analysis

Mathematics- • Data journalists need to be able to analyse large amounts of data to identify

BODMAS, trends and patterns. By analysing vast amounts of data, data journalists

percentage, profit should identify trends that may be missed by other journalists.

and loss
• Furthermore, analysing large data sets enables data journalists to support
• 2-Basics of
their reporting with empirical evidence. This provides readers with a more
science-
objective and reliable view of the story they’re telling. This is especially
• Distance, length,
important in today’s media landscape, where there is a growing mistrust of
temperature, etc.
traditional media sources.
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BASIC SKILLS REQUIRED FOR D.J.

• 4- Data science tools
• There are various data science tools
you may use, including Excel,
Structured Query Language (SQL),
Python, and Tableau. As a data-
driven journalist, proficiency with
these tools can enhance your ability
to gather, structure, and interpret
numerical and statistical information.
• 5. Data Visualization
• Visualizations are an effective way of presenting complex data, enabling
people to understand it quickly and easily.
• By transforming data into a visual format, data journalists can create a
more accessible and engaging representation of the information, making
it easier to communicate to a broad audience.
• That’s why data journalists need to be able to turn complex data into
easy-to-understand visualizations, such as charts, graphs, info graphics,
and maps.

BASIC SKILLS REQUIRED FOR D.J.
• Critical thinking
• Critical thinking is essential for data journalists
to ensure that they’re presenting accurate and
unbiased information. They need to be able to
identify any errors in the data, and investigate
their causes. To think critically about the data
they’re analysing, data journalists need to have
a deep understanding of the subject matter
they’re covering.
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• Communication Skills
• Effective communication is essential for data
journalists to ensure that their findings reach a broad
audience and have a real impact. They need to be
able to present complex ideas and data points into
simple, compelling stories that resonate with their
readers or viewers. To communicate effectively, data
journalists need to be able to use a range of media,
including text, visuals, and audio, to tell their stories.
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CHALLENGES FOR DATA JOURNALISM

• Resources
• Access to Quality Data • Time Constraints
• The lack of resources for
• Access to quality data • Large data sets take time to analyse, examine,
data collection is biggest
isn’t always as easy to and visualize properly. However, many could
issue. This is because
find. In fact, in a survey not spend enough time on a single data story. It
newsrooms often don’t
conducted by is harder to spend weeks and months on
have the financial, time,
DataJournalism.com, individual stories with today’s rolling news
or talent resources
data journalists said that mentality. The ‘time constraints’ is taking people
required to follow up
this was their biggest away from data journalism.
data-related stories.
challenge.
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EXAMPLES OF DATA VISUALIZATION

Month- December 2022

Sr. Reporter No. of Sr. Reporter No. of

No. Stories No. Stories
1 Vitthal Sutar 1 7 Amol Mule 2
2 Vinod Yadav 1 8 Mangesh Shewalkar 2
3 Atul Pethkar 1 9 Nitin Phaltankar 2
4 Mahesh Ramdasi 1 10 Namdeo Khedkar 6
5 Sumit Dole 1 11 Mahesh Joshi 8
6 Dhanashree. B 1 Total 26
Summary of IRT Stories - December 2022
Vitthal Sutar Vinod Yadav
4% 4%
Atul Pethkar
4%
Mahesh Ramdasi 1
4%
Sumit Dole
4%
Mahesh Joshi Dhanashree. B
31% 4%

Amol Mule
7%

Namdeo Khedkar
23% Mangesh
Shewalkar 2
7%
Nitin Phaltankar
8%
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EXAMPLES OF DATA VISUALIZATION

November 2022

Sr. Reporter Stories

1 Vitthal Sutar 2
2 Vinod Yadav 2
3 Amol Mule 4
4 Mangesh Shewalkar 4
5 Namdeo Khedkar 3
6 Mahesh Joshi 7
Total 22
Summary of IRT Stories - November 2022
18

Vitthal
Sutar
9%

Vinod Yadav
9%
Mahesh Joshi
32%

Namdeo
Khedkar
14%

Mangesh
Shewalkar Amol Mule
18% 18%
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PART 2
Presentation title 20

DATA JOURNALISM WORKFLOW

Data Analysis /
Data Data Visualization/
Data Filter/
Collection Presentation
Data Cleaning
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ROLE OF DATA JOURNALISTS

• It is usually said that raw data is Data Journalists converts it into

UGLY BEAUTIFUL
Information and Knowledge
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INVERTED PYRAMID OF DJ
• Compile
• Data journalism begins in one of two ways: either you have a question that needs data, or a
dataset that needs questioning. Whichever it is, the compilation of data is what defines it as
an act of data journalism.
• Compiling data can take various forms. At its most simple the data might be:
• Supplied directly to you by an organization (alongside press releases)
• Found through using advanced search techniques to plough into the depths of government
websites
• By converting documents into something that can be analyzed
• Or by collecting the data yourself through observation, surveys, online forms or
crowdsourcing.
Developed by. Paul Bradshaw,
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STAGE 2- CLEAN

• Cleaning typically takes two forms: removing human error;

• and converting the data into a format that is consistent with other data you are using.
•
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STAGE 3-CONTEXT
• Like any source, data cannot always be
trusted. It comes with its own histories, biases,
and objectives. So like any source, you need to
ask questions of it: who gathered it, when, and
for what purpose? How was it gathered? (The
methodology).

• You will also need to understand classifications

or locations, and specialist terminology.
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STAGE 4- COMBINE

• Good stories can be found in a single dataset,

but often you will need to combine two
together. After all, given the choice between a
single-source story and a multiple-source one
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STAGE 5- COMMUNICATE
• In data journalism the all-too-
obvious thing to do at this point is
to visualize the results – on a
map, in a chart, an infographic, or
an animation. In fact there’s so
much in this stage alone.
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ONLINE SOURCES OF DATA

Union Govt. • Lok Sabha
• NCRB https://sansad.in/ls/questions/questions-and-answers
https://ncrb.gov.in/ Rajya Sabha
NFHS https://sansad.in/rs
https://rchiips.org/nfhs/ MPLAD
The National Data and Analytics Platform (NDAP) https://www.mplads.gov.in/mplads/Dashboard/DashBoard.aspx
https://ndapapi.com/ ECI
VAHAN https://affidavit.eci.gov.in/
https://vahan.parivahan.gov.in/vahan4dashboard/vahan/view/reportview.xhtml • For UPI Transactions
PM Employment Generation Scheme https://www.npci.org.in/what-we-do/upi/product-statistics
https://www.kviconline.gov.in/pmegpeportal/pmegphome/index.jsp For Companies Directors
• Ministry of Education GoI https://www.mca.gov.in/mcafoportal/showdirectorMasterData.do#
https://dashboard.udiseplus.gov.in/#/home • PM Visits
• Smart City Mission Home page | Smartcities https://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/pm-visits/page/5/?visittype=domestic_visit
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SOURCES OF DATA
Reports
• Government Reports
• Private Reports
• CAG
• NGO’s
• PAC
• ASER-PRATHAM
• Economic Survey’s
• CRY
• NFHS
• CREDAI
• Periodic Labour Force Survey – PLFS
• Confederation of All India Traders (CAIT)
• Proceedings of sessions
• ASSOCHAM
• Annual Reports
• CII
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ONLINE SOURCES OF DATA

• Food Department
Maharashtra Govt. • https://mahaepos.gov.in/index.jsp

• Maharashtra Govt. • Chief Minister Employment Generation Programme

• https://www.maharashtra.gov.in/App_ErrorPage/AppError • https://maha-cmegp.gov.in/homepage

• Maharashtra Assembly • ACB

• http://mls.org.in/index.aspx • https://acbmaharashtra.gov.in/

Maharashtra GR's • Jalsampada Department

• https://gr.maharashtra.gov.in/1125/Home • https://wrd.maharashtra.gov.in/

ECI Maharashtra Tanker Reports

• https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/ceo/ • https://wsso.in/tanker.html

• Accountant General (Audit-II) Maharashtra, Nagpur • Finance Department

• https://cag.gov.in/ag/nagpur/en/audit-report • https://mahades.maharashtra.gov.in/surveyReports.do?repCatId=ASI

• Maharashtra tenders • Aurangabad Smart City

• https://mahatenders.gov.in https://aurangabadsmartcity.in/?tabs=menu_x_home
•
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ONLINE SOURCES OF DATA

• Other
• Union Govt. Data
• Home | Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India • RTI Maharashtra
• https://rtionline.maharashtra.gov.in/request/request.php?lan=M
• India Data Portal
• IndiaDataPortal • RTI GoI
• https://rtionline.gov.in/request/request.php

• For Air Pollution • Percentage Calculator

• MPCB • https://percentagecalculator.net/
• https://www.mpcb.gov.in/air-quality
• Factly
• AQI • FACTLY - Making Public Data Meaningful
• https://airquality.cpcb.gov.in/AQI_India/
• Indiaspend
• IndiaSpend: Data journalism, analysis on Indian economy, education, healthcare,
agriculture, politics
EXAMPLES OF DATA STORIES
THANK
YOU
Mahesh Joshi
9823440035
Mahitri@gmail.com
Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar