GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Acinetobacter baumannii

Notes
Cocci and coccobacilli
Utilizes glutarate and malate
No growth in D-asparagine
Growth at 44 degrees C.

Ecology
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Found in soil and water

1 2
Associated with a wide variety of human infections.

Drug Susceptibility
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ciprofloxacin Ofloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Clinafloxacin Pazufloxacin
Azlocillin Doripenem Piperacillin
Aztreonam Doxycycline Piperacillin/tazobactam
Balofloxacin Enoxacin Prulifloxacin
Cefdinir Fleroxacin Rufloxacin
Cefditoren Gatifloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefepime Gemifloxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefixime Grepafloxacin Temafloxacin
Cefotaxime Imipenem Ticarcillin
Cefpirome Levofloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftazidime Lomefloxacin Tigecycline
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Meropenem Tobramycin
Ceftizoxime Methenamine Tosufloxacin
Ceftobiprole Mezlocillin Trovafloxacin
Ceftolozane/tazobactam Moxifloxacin
Ceftriaxone Norfloxacin

Synonyms (4 listed)
Acinetobacter anitratus Bacterium anitratum
Acinetobacter genomospecies 2 Herellea

Phenotype of Acinetobacter baumannii

Gram negative Glucose fermenter
Gram positive Glucose oxidizer
Coccus Not identifiable by standard tests
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Beta hemolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Motile
Bacillus or coccobacillus Cholesterol needed for growth
Branching filaments present X factor required
Spore formation V factor required
Acid fast Capnophilic
Spirochete Indole
Curved bacilli ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Cell wall-deficient Citrate

Aerobe Hydrogen sulfide
Facultative Nitrate to nitrite
Anaerobe Nitrite to gas
Microaerophilic Malonate
Growth on ordinary blood agar DNase
Growth on MacConkey agar Esculin hydrolysis
Oxidase Gelatin hydrolysis
Catalase Lipase

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:06 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 41 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Starch hydrolysis Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide

Urea hydrolysis L-Arabinose
Yellow pigment myo-Inositol
Arginine dihydrolase Lactose
Lysine decarboxylase Maltose
Ornithine decarboxylase D-Mannitol
Phenylalanine deaminase D-Mannose
Acetate utilization L-Rhamnose
Growth at 42 degrees C D-Sorbitol
Growth in 6.5% NaCl Sucrose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 42 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:06 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Alcaligenes faecalis

Ecology
Found in soil, water and a variety of clinical specimens.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Ceftriaxone Kanamycin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Cephaloridine Lomefloxacin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Cephalothin Meropenem
Azlocillin Cephapirin Mezlocillin
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Aztreonam Ciprofloxacin Piperacillin

Cefotaxime Colistin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Ceftazidime Doripenem Polymyxin B
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Gentamicin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Ceftezole Imipenem Tobramycin
Ceftobiprole Isepamicin

Synonyms (5 listed)
Achromobacter arsenoxydans-tres CDC group VI
Alcaligenes odorans Pseudomonas odorans
Bacillus fecalis alcaligenes

Phenotype of Alcaligenes faecalis

Gram negative Indole
Gram positive ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Coccus Citrate
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Hydrogen sulfide
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Nitrate to nitrite
Bacillus or coccobacillus Nitrite to gas
Branching filaments present DNase
Spore formation Esculin hydrolysis
Acid fast Gelatin hydrolysis
Spirochete Lipase
Curved bacilli Starch hydrolysis
Cell wall-deficient Urea hydrolysis
Aerobe Yellow pigment
Facultative Arginine dihydrolase
Anaerobe Lysine decarboxylase
Microaerophilic Ornithine decarboxylase
Growth on ordinary blood agar Phenylalanine deaminase
Growth on MacConkey agar Acetate utilization
Oxidase Growth at 42 degrees C
Catalase Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Glucose fermenter Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Glucose oxidizer Gas from glucose
Not identifiable by standard tests Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Beta hemolysis Lactose
Motile Maltose
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Cholesterol needed for growth D-Mannitol

X factor required Sucrose
V factor required D-Xylose
Capnophilic

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:07 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 156 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Bacillus anthracis

Notes
Does not grow at 50 degrees C
Elliptical central or terminal spores which do not swell the cell body
Gray-white to white colonies on blood agar
Encapsulated (ie, India ink prep.).

Ecology
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Found in mammals
1
Agent of anthrax - recovered from human skin lesions, pus, cerebrospinal fluid, sputum, etc.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Doxycycline Penicillin V
Ampicillin Enoxacin Piperacillin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Erythromycin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Gatifloxacin Pristinamycin
Azlocillin Gemifloxacin Propicillin
Bacampicillin Gentamicin Prulifloxacin
Cefaclor Imipenem #Rifampin
Cefoperazone Isepamicin Rosaramicin
Ceftezole Josamycin Sparfloxacin
Cephalexin Levofloxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cephaloridine Lincomycin Telavancin
Cephalothin #Linezolid Temafloxacin
Cephapirin Mezlocillin Tetracycline
Cephradine Moxifloxacin Thiamphenicol
Chloramphenicol Norfloxacin Tobramycin
*Ciprofloxacin Novobiocin Troleandomycin
Clarithromycin Ofloxacin Trovafloxacin
Clinafloxacin Pefloxacin Vancomycin
Clindamycin Penicillin G

* Drug of choice
# Used in combination with other drug(s)

Vaccines
Anthrax vaccine
Anthrax immune glublin

Synonyms (2 listed)
Bacillus cereus var. anthracis
Davaine's bacillus

Phenotype of Bacillus anthracis

Gram negative Curved bacilli
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Gram positive Cell wall-deficient

Coccus Aerobe
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Facultative
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Anaerobe
Bacillus or coccobacillus Microaerophilic
Branching filaments present Growth on ordinary blood agar
Spore formation Growth on MacConkey agar
Acid fast Oxidase
Spirochete Catalase

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:08 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 227 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Glucose fermenter Arginine dihydrolase

Glucose oxidizer Lysine decarboxylase
Not identifiable by standard tests Ornithine decarboxylase
Beta hemolysis Phenylalanine deaminase
Motile Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Cholesterol needed for growth Gas from glucose
X factor required Adonitol
V factor required L-Arabinose
Capnophilic Cellobiose
Indole Dulcitol
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Erthyritol
Methyl red Glycerol
Voges Proskauer myo-Inositol
Citrate Lactose
Hydrogen sulfide Maltose
Nitrate to nitrite D-Mannitol
Nitrite to gas D-Mannose
Casein hydrolysis Melibiose
Esculin hydrolysis Raffinose
Gelatin hydrolysis L-Rhamnose
Lecithinase Salicin
Starch hydrolysis D-Sorbitol
Tyrosine hydrolysis Sucrose
Urea hydrolysis Trehalose
Yellow pigment D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 228 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:08 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Bacillus cereus

Notes
Does not grow at 50 degrees C
Elliptical central spores which do not swell the cell body
Colonies may be greenish on blood agar.

Ecology
Found in food
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Isolated from human stool (without disease)

1 2
Common cause of food-related vomiting and diarrhea, often following ingestion of reheated rice or vegetables.

Synonyms (4 listed)
Bacillus endorhythmos Bacterium anthracoides
Bacillus medusa Bacterium pseudoanthracis

Phenotype of Bacillus cereus

Gram negative Esculin hydrolysis
Gram positive Gelatin hydrolysis
Coccus Lecithinase
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Lipase
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Starch hydrolysis
Bacillus or coccobacillus Tyrosine hydrolysis
Branching filaments present Urea hydrolysis
Spore formation Yellow pigment
Acid fast Arginine dihydrolase
Spirochete Lysine decarboxylase
Curved bacilli Ornithine decarboxylase
Cell wall-deficient Phenylalanine deaminase
Aerobe Acetate utilization
Facultative Tartrate utilization
Anaerobe Growth at 42 degrees C
Microaerophilic Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Growth on ordinary blood agar Gas from glucose
Growth on MacConkey agar Adonitol
Oxidase L-Arabinose
Catalase D-Arabitol
Glucose fermenter Cellobiose
Glucose oxidizer Dulcitol
Not identifiable by standard tests Erthyritol
Beta hemolysis Glycerol
Motile myo-Inositol
Cholesterol needed for growth Lactose
X factor required Maltose
V factor required D-Mannitol
Capnophilic D-Mannose
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Indole Melibiose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Raffinose
Methyl red L-Rhamnose
Voges Proskauer Salicin
Citrate D-Sorbitol
Hydrogen sulfide Sucrose
Nitrate to nitrite Trehalose
Nitrite to gas D-Xylose
Casein hydrolysis

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:08 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 229 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Bacillus megaterium

Notes
Does not grow at 50 degrees C
Elliptical central spores which do not swell the cell body.

Ecology
Found in soil.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Synonyms (3 listed)
Bacillus fructosus
Bacillus pseudoanthracis
Bacillus tumescens

Phenotype of Bacillus megaterium

Gram negative Nitrite to gas
Gram positive Casein hydrolysis
Coccus Esculin hydrolysis
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Gelatin hydrolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Lecithinase
Bacillus or coccobacillus Starch hydrolysis
Branching filaments present Tyrosine hydrolysis
Spore formation Urea hydrolysis
Acid fast Yellow pigment
Spirochete Arginine dihydrolase
Curved bacilli Lysine decarboxylase
Cell wall-deficient Ornithine decarboxylase
Aerobe Phenylalanine deaminase
Facultative Acetate utilization
Anaerobe Tartrate utilization
Microaerophilic Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Growth on ordinary blood agar Gas from glucose
Growth on MacConkey agar Adonitol
Oxidase L-Arabinose
Catalase Cellobiose
Glucose fermenter Dulcitol
Glucose oxidizer Erthyritol
Not identifiable by standard tests Glycerol
Beta hemolysis myo-Inositol
Motile Lactose
Cholesterol needed for growth Maltose
X factor required D-Mannitol
V factor required Melibiose
Capnophilic Raffinose
Indole L-Rhamnose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Salicin
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Methyl red D-Sorbitol

Voges Proskauer Sucrose
Citrate Trehalose
Hydrogen sulfide D-Xylose
Nitrate to nitrite

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:08 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 240 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Bacillus subtilis

Notes
Capable of growth at 50 degrees C
Elliptical central spores which do not swell the cell body.

Ecology
Found in plant materials
Rarely associated with food poisoning and infection.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Synonyms (5 listed)
Bacillus globigii Bacillus vulgatus
Bacillus natto Vibrio subtilis
Bacillus uniflagellatus

Phenotype of Bacillus subtilis

Gram negative Casein hydrolysis
Gram positive Esculin hydrolysis
Coccus Gelatin hydrolysis
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Hippurate hydrolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Lecithinase
Bacillus or coccobacillus Lipase
Branching filaments present Starch hydrolysis
Spore formation Tyrosine hydrolysis
Acid fast Urea hydrolysis
Spirochete Yellow pigment
Curved bacilli Arginine dihydrolase
Cell wall-deficient Lysine decarboxylase
Aerobe Ornithine decarboxylase
Facultative Phenylalanine deaminase
Anaerobe Growth at 42 degrees C
Microaerophilic Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Growth on ordinary blood agar Gas from glucose
Growth on MacConkey agar Adonitol
Oxidase L-Arabinose
Catalase D-Arabitol
Glucose fermenter Cellobiose
Glucose oxidizer Dulcitol
Not identifiable by standard tests Erthyritol
Beta hemolysis Glycerol
Motile myo-Inositol
Cholesterol needed for growth Lactose
X factor required Maltose
V factor required D-Mannitol
Capnophilic D-Mannose
Indole Melibiose
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

ONPG (beta galactosidase) Raffinose

Methyl red L-Rhamnose
Voges Proskauer Salicin
Citrate D-Sorbitol
Hydrogen sulfide Sucrose
Nitrate to nitrite Trehalose
Nitrite to gas D-Xylose

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:09 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 242 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Campylobacter jejuni subsp jejuni

Notes
No growth at 25 degrees C
Alpha hemolytic.

Ecology
Pathogen of several animal species
1
Major cause of gastroenteritis in humans.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Gatifloxacin Pefloxacin
Amoxicillin Gemifloxacin Pipemidic acid
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Gentamicin Prulifloxacin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Imipenem Rifabutin
*Azithromycin Isepamicin Rokitamycin
Cefepime Josamycin Rosaramicin
Chloramphenicol Kanamycin Roxithromycin
Ciprofloxacin Levofloxacin Sparfloxacin
Clarithromycin Lincomycin Spiramycin
Clinafloxacin Lomefloxacin Streptomycin
Clindamycin Meropenem Telithromycin
Dirithromycin Miocamycin Temafloxacin
Doripenem Moxifloxacin Tetracycline
Doxycycline Nalidixic acid Thiamphenicol
Enoxacin Niridazole Tigecycline
Erythromycin Norfloxacin Tobramycin
Fleroxacin Ofloxacin Tosufloxacin
Furazolidone Oxolinic acid

* Drug of choice

Phenotype of Campylobacter jejuni subsp jejuni

Gram negative Cholesterol needed for growth
Gram positive X factor required
Coccus V factor required
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Capnophilic
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Indole
Bacillus or coccobacillus Methyl red
Branching filaments present Voges Proskauer
Spore formation Citrate
Acid fast Hydrogen sulfide
Spirochete Nitrate to nitrite
Curved bacilli Nitrite to gas
Cell wall-deficient Malonate
Aerobe Esculin hydrolysis
Facultative Gelatin hydrolysis
Anaerobe Hippurate hydrolysis
Microaerophilic Lipase
Growth on ordinary blood agar Urea hydrolysis
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Growth on MacConkey agar Yellow pigment

Oxidase Acetate utilization
Catalase Mucate utilization
Glucose fermenter Tartrate utilization
Glucose oxidizer Growth at 42 degrees C
Not identifiable by standard tests Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Beta hemolysis Cephalothin-susceptible
Motile Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:10 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 433 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Nalidixic acid-susceptible myo-Inositol

Vancomycin-susceptible Lactose
Alkaline phosphatase Maltose
Gas from glucose D-Mannitol
Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide D-Mannose
Adonitol Melibiose
Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside Raffinose
L-Arabinose L-Rhamnose
D-Arabitol Salicin
Cellobiose D-Sorbitol
Dulcitol Sucrose
Erthyritol Trehalose
Glycerol D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 434 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:10 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Citrobacter freundii

Ecology
Found in animals, water, soil and food
Causes urinary tract infection, bacteremia and other systemic infections.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Ceftizoxime Meropenem
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ceftobiprole Mezlocillin
Azlocillin Ceftolozane/tazobactam Moxifloxacin
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Aztreonam Ceftriaxone Netilmicin

Balofloxacin Cefuroxime Norfloxacin
Carbenicillin Ciprofloxacin Ofloxacin
Cefdinir Clinafloxacin Pazufloxacin
Cefditoren Colistin Pefloxacin
Cefepime Doripenem Piperacillin
Cefixime Enoxacin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefmenoxime Ertapenem Polymyxin B
Cefmetazole Fleroxacin Prulifloxacin
Cefodizime Flomoxef Rufloxacin
Cefoperazone Fosfomycin Sparfloxacin
Cefotaxime Gatifloxacin Temafloxacin
Cefotetan Gemifloxacin Temocillin
Cefoxitin Gentamicin Ticarcillin
Cefpirome Grepafloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefprozil Imipenem Tigecycline
Ceftaroline Isepamicin Tobramycin
Ceftazidime Kanamycin Tosufloxacin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Levofloxacin Trovafloxacin
Ceftibuten Lomefloxacin

Synonyms (9 listed)
Bacillus freundii Salmonella ballerup
Bacterium freundii Salmonella hormaechei
Citrobacter ballerupensis the Ballerup group of bacteria
Colobactrum freundii the Bethesda group of bacteria
Escherichia freundii

Phenotype of Citrobacter freundii

Gram negative Catalase
Gram positive Glucose fermenter
Coccus Glucose oxidizer
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Not identifiable by standard tests
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Motile
Bacillus or coccobacillus Cholesterol needed for growth
Branching filaments present X factor required
Spore formation V factor required
Acid fast Capnophilic
Spirochete Indole
Curved bacilli ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Cell wall-deficient Methyl red

Aerobe Voges Proskauer
Facultative Citrate
Anaerobe Hydrogen sulfide
Microaerophilic Nitrate to nitrite
Growth on ordinary blood agar Nitrite to gas
Growth on MacConkey agar Malonate
Oxidase DNase

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:11 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 503 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Esculin hydrolysis Adonitol

Gelatin hydrolysis Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Lipase L-Arabinose
Starch hydrolysis D-Arabitol
Tyrosine hydrolysis Cellobiose
Urea hydrolysis Dulcitol
Yellow pigment Erthyritol
Arginine dihydrolase Glycerol
Lysine decarboxylase myo-Inositol
Ornithine decarboxylase Lactose
Phenylalanine deaminase Maltose
Acetate utilization D-Mannitol
Mucate utilization D-Mannose
Tartrate utilization Melibiose
Growth in KCN Raffinose
Cephalothin-susceptible L-Rhamnose
Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible Salicin
Nalidixic acid-susceptible D-Sorbitol
Vancomycin-susceptible Sucrose
Gas from glucose Trehalose
Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 504 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:11 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Clostridium difficile

Notes
"Horse barn" odor
Oval spores (usually subterminal) which swell the cell body.

Ecology
Found in soil and animal feces
Normal inhabitant of the human colon; often acquired during hospitalization
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

1
Agent of pseudomembranous colitis.

Drug Susceptibility
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Flomoxef Rifampin
Ampicillin Imipenem Rifaximin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Linezolid Teicoplanin
Bacampicillin Meropenem Telavancin
Cefotetan Metronidazole Thiamphenicol
Ceftaroline Nitazoxanide Ticarcillin
Chloramphenicol Ornidazole Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Clinafloxacin Penicillin G Tigecycline
Dalbavancin Piperacillin Tinidazole
Daptomycin Piperacillin/tazobactam Trovafloxacin
Doripenem Pristinamycin Vancomycin
Fidaxomicin Quinupristin-Dalfopristin

Synonyms (2 listed)
Bacillus difficilis
Clostridium difficilis

Phenotype of Clostridium difficile

Gram negative Cholesterol needed for growth
Gram positive X factor required
Coccus V factor required
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Capnophilic
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Indole
Bacillus or coccobacillus ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Branching filaments present Nitrate to nitrite
Spore formation Casein hydrolysis
Acid fast DNase
Spirochete Esculin hydrolysis
Curved bacilli Gelatin hydrolysis
Cell wall-deficient Hippurate hydrolysis
Aerobe Lecithinase
Facultative Lipase
Anaerobe Starch hydrolysis
Microaerophilic Urea hydrolysis
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Growth on ordinary blood agar Yellow pigment

Growth on MacConkey agar Arginine dihydrolase
Oxidase Bile-susceptible
Catalase Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Glucose fermenter Adonitol
Glucose oxidizer L-Arabinose
Not identifiable by standard tests Cellobiose
Beta hemolysis Dulcitol
Motile Erthyritol

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:11 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 540 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Glycerol Raffinose
myo-Inositol L-Rhamnose
Lactose Salicin
Maltose D-Sorbitol
D-Mannitol Sucrose
D-Mannose Trehalose
Melibiose D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 541 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:11 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Corynebacterium xerosis

Notes
Pale yellow or tan colonies
Striated rods common
Not lipophilic
CAMP negative
Does not ferment glucose at 42 C
Alpha glucosidase-positive
Turanose-positive.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Ecology
Associated with infections in pigs and goats
Isolated from human nasopharynx and skin
1
Rare cause of endocarditis (prosthetic heart valves) and soft tissue infection.

Drug Susceptibility
Doxycycline Tigecycline
Minocycline Vancomycin
Tetracycline

Synonyms (6 listed)
Bacillus xerosis Corynebacterium conjunctivae
Bacterium colomatti Mycobacterium xerosis
Bacterium xerosis Pacinia neisseri

Phenotype of Corynebacterium xerosis

Gram negative V factor required
Gram positive Capnophilic
Coccus Indole
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Methyl red
Bacillus or coccobacillus Citrate
Branching filaments present Hydrogen sulfide
Spore formation Nitrate to nitrite
Acid fast Nitrite to gas
Spirochete Casein hydrolysis
Curved bacilli Esculin hydrolysis
Cell wall-deficient Gelatin hydrolysis
Aerobe Hippurate hydrolysis
Facultative Lipase
Anaerobe Tyrosine hydrolysis
Microaerophilic Urea hydrolysis
Growth on ordinary blood agar Yellow pigment
Growth on MacConkey agar Growth at 42 degrees C
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Oxidase Alkaline phosphatase

Catalase Xanthine hydrolysis
Glucose fermenter Gas from glucose
Glucose oxidizer Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Not identifiable by standard tests Leucine aminopeptidase [LAP]
Beta hemolysis Adonitol
Motile Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Cholesterol needed for growth L-Arabinose
X factor required D-Arabitol

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:12 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 662 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Cellobiose Melibiose
Erthyritol Raffinose
Glycerol L-Rhamnose
myo-Inositol Salicin
Lactose D-Sorbitol
Maltose Sucrose
D-Mannitol Trehalose
D-Mannose D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 663 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:12 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Enterobacter aerogenes

Ecology
1
Associated with urinary tract infection, bacteremia and a variety of other systemic infections.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Enoxacin Ofloxacin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ertapenem Oxolinic acid
Aztreonam Fleroxacin Pazufloxacin
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Balofloxacin Fosfomycin Pefloxacin

Carbenicillin Furazolidone Pipemidic acid
Cefaclor Gatifloxacin Piperacillin
Cefdinir Gemifloxacin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefditoren Gentamicin Pivmecillinam
Cefepime Grepafloxacin Polymyxin B
Cefixime Imipenem Prulifloxacin
Cefmenoxime Isepamicin Rufloxacin
Cefpirome Levofloxacin Sparfloxacin
Ceftaroline Lomefloxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Meropenem Temafloxacin
Ceftobiprole Methenamine Temocillin
Ceftolozane/tazobactam Mezlocillin Ticarcillin
Cefuroxime Moxifloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cinoxacin Nalidixic acid Tigecycline
Ciprofloxacin Netilmicin Tobramycin
Clinafloxacin Nifuratel Tosufloxacin
Colistin Nitrofurantoin Trimethoprim
Doripenem Norfloxacin Trovafloxacin

Synonyms (6 listed)
Aerobacter aerogenes Bacterium lactis aerogenes
Bacillus aerogenes Klebsiella mobilis
Bacterium aerogenes Lactobacillus lactis aerogenes

Phenotype of Enterobacter aerogenes

Gram negative Motile
Gram positive Cholesterol needed for growth
Coccus X factor required
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate V factor required
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Capnophilic
Bacillus or coccobacillus Indole
Branching filaments present ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Spore formation Methyl red
Acid fast Voges Proskauer
Spirochete Citrate
Curved bacilli Hydrogen sulfide
Cell wall-deficient Nitrate to nitrite
Aerobe Nitrite to gas
Facultative Malonate
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Anaerobe DNase
Microaerophilic Esculin hydrolysis
Growth on ordinary blood agar Gelatin hydrolysis
Growth on MacConkey agar Lipase
Oxidase Starch hydrolysis
Catalase Tyrosine hydrolysis
Glucose fermenter Urea hydrolysis
Glucose oxidizer Yellow pigment
Not identifiable by standard tests Arginine dihydrolase

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:14 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 727 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Lysine decarboxylase Dulcitol

Ornithine decarboxylase Erthyritol
Phenylalanine deaminase Glycerol
Acetate utilization myo-Inositol
Mucate utilization Lactose
Tartrate utilization Maltose
Growth in KCN D-Mannitol
Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible D-Mannose
Vancomycin-susceptible Melibiose
Gas from glucose Raffinose
Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide L-Rhamnose
Adonitol Salicin
Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside D-Sorbitol
L-Arabinose Sucrose
D-Arabitol Trehalose
Cellobiose D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 728 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:14 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Enterococcus faecalis

Notes
Lancefield group D
Growth at 10 degrees C and 45 degrees C
No growth in tetrazolium.

Ecology
Isolated from feces
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

1
An important cause of endocarditis and infections of the urinary and biliary tracts.

Drug Susceptibility
Amoxicillin Gatifloxacin Rokitamycin
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Gemifloxacin Rosaramicin
Ampicillin #Gentamicin Roxithromycin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Grepafloxacin Sparfloxacin
#Arbekacin and Dibekacin Imipenem Spiramycin
Azlocillin Josamycin #Streptomycin
Bacampicillin Linezolid Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Balofloxacin Meropenem Tedizolid
Carbenicillin Methenamine Teicoplanin
Ceftobiprole Mezlocillin Telavancin
Clarithromycin Miocamycin Telithromycin
Clinafloxacin Moxifloxacin Ticarcillin
Dalbavancin Nifuratel Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Daptomycin Nitrofurantoin Tigecycline
Doripenem Oritavancin Tosufloxacin
Erythromycin Piperacillin Trimethoprim
Everninomycin Piperacillin/tazobactam Trovafloxacin
Flumequine Pristinamycin Vancomycin
Fosfomycin Rifampin Virginiamycin
Fusidic acid Rifaximin

# Used in combination with other drug(s)

Synonyms (7 listed)
Enterococcus proteiformis Streptococcus faecalis
Enterocoque Streptococcus glycerinaceus
Micrococcus ovalis Streptococcus liquefaciens
Micrococcus zymogenes

Phenotype of Enterococcus faecalis

Gram negative Anaerobe
Gram positive Microaerophilic
Coccus Growth on ordinary blood agar
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Growth on MacConkey agar
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Oxidase
Bacillus or coccobacillus Catalase
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Branching filaments present Glucose fermenter

Spore formation Glucose oxidizer
Acid fast Not identifiable by standard tests
Spirochete Beta hemolysis
Curved bacilli Coagulase production
Cell wall-deficient Motile
Aerobe Cholesterol needed for growth
Facultative X factor required

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:14 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 746 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

V factor required Adonitol

Capnophilic Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
ONPG (beta galactosidase) L-Arabinose
Voges Proskauer D-Arabitol
Nitrate to nitrite Cellobiose
Esculin hydrolysis Dulcitol
Hippurate hydrolysis Erthyritol
Starch hydrolysis Glycerol
Urea hydrolysis Lactose
Yellow pigment Maltose
Arginine dihydrolase D-Mannitol
Growth at 42 degrees C D-Mannose
Growth in 6.5% NaCl Melibiose
Bile-susceptible Raffinose
Cephalothin-susceptible L-Rhamnose
Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible Salicin
Vancomycin-susceptible D-Sorbitol
Gas from glucose Sucrose
Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide Trehalose
Leucine aminopeptidase [LAP] D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 747 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:14 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Escherichia coli

Notes
Shiga toxin (Verotoxin)-producing strains (O157:H7) are usually sorbitol-negative.

Ecology
Most common cause of urinary tract infection and biliary sepsis.
A common cause of travelers' diarrhea, food-borne gastroenteritis, hemorrhagic colitis, and a wide variety of systemic
1 2
infections.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Ceftazidime/Avibactam Meropenem
Amoxicillin Ceftezole Methenamine
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftibuten Mezlocillin
Ampicillin Ceftizoxime Moxalactam
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftobiprole Moxifloxacin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ceftolozane/tazobactam Nalidixic acid
Azlocillin Ceftriaxone Netilmicin
Aztreonam Cefuroxime Nifuratel
Bacampicillin Cephalexin Nitrofurantoin
Balofloxacin Cephaloridine Norfloxacin
Carbenicillin Cephalothin Ofloxacin
Cefaclor Cephapirin Oxolinic acid
Cefadroxil Cephradine Pazufloxacin
Cefamandole Cinoxacin Pefloxacin
Cefatrizine Ciprofloxacin Pipemidic acid
Cefazolin Clinafloxacin Piperacillin
Cefdinir Colistin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefditoren Cycloserine Pivmecillinam
Cefepime Doripenem Polymyxin B
Cefetamet Enoxacin Prulifloxacin
Cefixime Ertapenem Rifampin
Cefmenoxime Fleroxacin Rifaximin
Cefmetazole Flomoxef Rufloxacin
Cefodizime Flumequine Sparfloxacin
Cefonicid Fosfomycin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefoperazone Furazolidone Sulfonamides
Ceforanide Gatifloxacin Temafloxacin
Cefotaxime Gemifloxacin Temocillin
Cefotetan Gentamicin Ticarcillin
Cefotiam Grepafloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefoxitin Imipenem Tigecycline
Cefpirome Isepamicin Tobramycin
Cefpodoxime Kanamycin Trimethoprim
Cefprozil Levofloxacin Trovafloxacin
Ceftaroline Lomefloxacin
Ceftazidime Loracarbef

Synonyms (5 listed)
Bacillus coli Bacterium columbense
Bacterium coli Enterococcus coli
Bacterium coli commune
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Phenotype of Escherichia coli

Gram negative Coccus - clusters or groups predominate
Gram positive Bacillus or coccobacillus
Coccus Branching filaments present
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Spore formation

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:13 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 765 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Acid fast Yellow pigment

Spirochete Arginine dihydrolase
Curved bacilli Lysine decarboxylase
Cell wall-deficient Ornithine decarboxylase
Aerobe Phenylalanine deaminase
Facultative Acetate utilization
Anaerobe Mucate utilization
Microaerophilic Tartrate utilization
Growth on ordinary blood agar Growth in KCN
Growth on MacConkey agar Cephalothin-susceptible
Oxidase Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Catalase Nalidixic acid-susceptible
Glucose fermenter Vancomycin-susceptible
Glucose oxidizer Gas from glucose
Not identifiable by standard tests Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Motile Adonitol
Cholesterol needed for growth Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
X factor required L-Arabinose
V factor required D-Arabitol
Capnophilic Cellobiose
Indole Dulcitol
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Erthyritol
Methyl red Glycerol
Voges Proskauer myo-Inositol
Citrate Lactose
Hydrogen sulfide Maltose
Nitrate to nitrite D-Mannitol
Nitrite to gas D-Mannose
Malonate Melibiose
DNase Raffinose
Esculin hydrolysis L-Rhamnose
Gelatin hydrolysis Salicin
Lipase D-Sorbitol
Starch hydrolysis Sucrose
Tyrosine hydrolysis Trehalose
Urea hydrolysis D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 766 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:13 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Haemophilus influenzae

Notes
Grows on TSA with X and V factors.
Confirm with group-specific antisera.

Ecology
A major cause (notably below the age of six years) of meningitis, pneumonia, septicemia, and otitis media.
1
Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius is associated with Brazilian purpuric fever
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amoxicillin Ceftizoxime Novobiocin
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftobiprole Ofloxacin
Ampicillin Ceftolozane/tazobactam Pazufloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftriaxone Pefloxacin
Azithromycin Cefuroxime Piperacillin
Azlocillin Cephalexin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Aztreonam Cephradine Polymyxin B
Bacampicillin Chloramphenicol Pristinamycin
Balofloxacin Ciprofloxacin Prulifloxacin
Carbenicillin Clarithromycin Quinupristin-Dalfopristin
Cefaclor Clinafloxacin Rifabutin
Cefadroxil Clofoctol Rifampin
Cefamandole Colistin Rifaximin
Cefatrizine Cyclacillin Rokitamycin
Cefdinir Dirithromycin Rosaramicin
Cefditoren Doripenem Roxithromycin
Cefepime Enoxacin Rufloxacin
Cefetamet Ertapenem Sparfloxacin
Cefixime Erythromycin Spiramycin
Cefmenoxime Fleroxacin Streptomycin
Cefmetazole Flomoxef Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefodizime Fosfomycin Sulfonamides
Cefonicid Gatifloxacin Telithromycin
Cefoperazone Gemifloxacin Temafloxacin
Ceforanide Grepafloxacin Temocillin
Cefotaxime Imipenem Tetracycline
Cefotetan Josamycin Thiamphenicol
Cefotiam Levofloxacin Ticarcillin
Cefoxitin Lomefloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefpirome Loracarbef Tigecycline
Cefpodoxime Meropenem Tosufloxacin
Cefprozil Mezlocillin Trimethoprim
Ceftaroline Minocycline Troleandomycin
Ceftazidime Moxalactam Trospectinomycin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Moxifloxacin Trovafloxacin
Ceftibuten Norfloxacin Virginiamycin

Vaccines
Haemophilus influenzae (PRP-D) vaccine
Haemophilus influenzae (HbOC) vaccine
H. influenzae (HbOC-DTP or -DTaP) vaccine
Haemophilus influenzae (PRP-OMP) vaccine
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Haemophilus influenzae (PRP-T) vaccine

Hepatitis B + Haemoph. influenzae vaccine

Synonyms (7 listed)
Bacillus influenzae Haemophilus meningitidis
Bacterium influenzae Influenza-bacillus
Coccobacillus pfeifferi

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:15 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 875 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Mycobacterium influenzae
Pfeiffer's bacillus

Phenotype of Haemophilus influenzae

Gram negative Nitrate to nitrite
Gram positive Nitrite to gas
Coccus Esculin hydrolysis
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Starch hydrolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Urea hydrolysis
Bacillus or coccobacillus Yellow pigment
Branching filaments present Arginine dihydrolase
Spore formation Lysine decarboxylase
Acid fast Ornithine decarboxylase
Spirochete Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Curved bacilli Alkaline phosphatase
Cell wall-deficient Gas from glucose
Aerobe Adonitol
Facultative L-Arabinose
Anaerobe Cellobiose
Microaerophilic Dulcitol
Growth on ordinary blood agar Erthyritol
Growth on MacConkey agar Glycerol
Oxidase myo-Inositol
Catalase Lactose
Glucose fermenter Maltose
Glucose oxidizer D-Mannitol
Not identifiable by standard tests D-Mannose
Beta hemolysis Melibiose
Motile Raffinose
Cholesterol needed for growth L-Rhamnose
X factor required Salicin
V factor required D-Sorbitol
Capnophilic Sucrose
Indole Trehalose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) D-Xylose
Hydrogen sulfide

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 876 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:15 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Helicobacter pylori

Notes
Indoxyl acetate negative.

Ecology
Found in primates and pigs
Isolated from gastric aspirates and biopsies
1 2
Agent of peptic ulcer, gastritis and other chronic gastric diseases.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amoxicillin Dirithromycin Rifabutin
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Doripenem Rokitamycin
Ampicillin Doxycycline Rosaramicin
Azithromycin Erythromycin Roxithromycin
Bacampicillin Gatifloxacin #Secnidazole
Cefditoren Gemifloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefixime Imipenem Spiramycin
Cefotaxime Josamycin Telithromycin
Ceftazidime Meropenem Temafloxacin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam #Metronidazole Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftobiprole Miocamycin Tinidazole
Cefuroxime Moxifloxacin Tobramycin
Ciprofloxacin Ornidazole Trospectinomycin
#Clarithromycin Piperacillin
Clinafloxacin Piperacillin/tazobactam

# Used in combination with other drug(s)

Synonyms (3 listed)
Campylobacter pylori
Campylobacter pyloridis
Helicobacter nemestrinae

Phenotype of Helicobacter pylori

Gram negative Glucose oxidizer
Gram positive Not identifiable by standard tests
Coccus Beta hemolysis
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Motile
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Cholesterol needed for growth
Bacillus or coccobacillus X factor required
Branching filaments present V factor required
Spore formation Capnophilic
Acid fast Indole
Spirochete Hydrogen sulfide
Curved bacilli Nitrate to nitrite
Cell wall-deficient Hippurate hydrolysis
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Aerobe Urea hydrolysis

Facultative Yellow pigment
Anaerobe Growth at 42 degrees C
Microaerophilic Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Growth on ordinary blood agar Bile-susceptible
Growth on MacConkey agar Cephalothin-susceptible
Oxidase Nalidixic acid-susceptible
Catalase Alkaline phosphatase
Glucose fermenter Gas from glucose

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:16 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 904 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Klebs. pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae

Notes
No growth at 10 degrees C
Growth at 44.5 degrees C
Degenerates pectin.

Ecology
Common cause of hospital acquired pneumonia, septicemia, urinary tract infection, etc.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Ceftezole Meropenem
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftibuten Methenamine
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftizoxime Mezlocillin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ceftobiprole Moxalactam
Aztreonam Ceftolozane/tazobactam Moxifloxacin
Balofloxacin Ceftriaxone Nalidixic acid
Cefaclor Cefuroxime Netilmicin
Cefadroxil Cephalexin Nifuratel
Cefamandole Cephaloridine Nitrofurantoin
Cefatrizine Cephalothin Norfloxacin
Cefazolin Cephapirin Ofloxacin
Cefdinir Cephradine Oxolinic acid
Cefditoren Cinoxacin Pazufloxacin
Cefepime Ciprofloxacin Pefloxacin
Cefetamet Clinafloxacin Pipemidic acid
Cefixime Colistin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefmenoxime Doripenem Pivmecillinam
Cefmetazole Enoxacin Polymyxin B
Cefodizime Fleroxacin Prulifloxacin
Cefonicid Flomoxef Rufloxacin
Cefoperazone Flumequine Sparfloxacin
Ceforanide Fosfomycin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefotaxime Gatifloxacin Temafloxacin
Cefotetan Gemifloxacin Temocillin
Cefotiam Gentamicin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefoxitin Grepafloxacin Tigecycline
Cefpirome Imipenem Tobramycin
Cefpodoxime Isepamicin Tosufloxacin
Cefprozil Kanamycin Trimethoprim
Ceftaroline Levofloxacin Trovafloxacin
Ceftazidime Lomefloxacin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Loracarbef

Synonyms (7 listed)
Bacillus capsulatus mucosus Friedlander's bacillus
Bacillus mucosus capsulatus Hyalococcus pneumoniae
Bacillus pneumonae Klebsiella pneumoniae
Bacterium pneumoniae crouposae

Phenotype of Klebs. pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae

Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Gram negative Spore formation

Gram positive Acid fast
Coccus Spirochete
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Curved bacilli
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Cell wall-deficient
Bacillus or coccobacillus Aerobe
Branching filaments present Facultative

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:16 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 928 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Anaerobe Ornithine decarboxylase

Microaerophilic Phenylalanine deaminase
Growth on ordinary blood agar Acetate utilization
Growth on MacConkey agar Mucate utilization
Oxidase Tartrate utilization
Catalase Growth in KCN
Glucose fermenter Cephalothin-susceptible
Glucose oxidizer Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Not identifiable by standard tests Nalidixic acid-susceptible
Motile Vancomycin-susceptible
Cholesterol needed for growth Gas from glucose
X factor required Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
V factor required Adonitol
Capnophilic Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Indole L-Arabinose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) D-Arabitol
Methyl red Cellobiose
Voges Proskauer Dulcitol
Citrate Erthyritol
Hydrogen sulfide Glycerol
Nitrate to nitrite myo-Inositol
Nitrite to gas Lactose
Malonate Maltose
DNase D-Mannitol
Esculin hydrolysis D-Mannose
Gelatin hydrolysis Melibiose
Lipase Raffinose
Starch hydrolysis L-Rhamnose
Tyrosine hydrolysis Salicin
Urea hydrolysis D-Sorbitol
Yellow pigment Sucrose
Arginine dihydrolase Trehalose
Lysine decarboxylase D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 929 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:16 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Klebs. pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae

Notes
No growth at 10 degrees C
Growth at 44.5 degrees C
Degenerates pectin.

Ecology
Common cause of hospital acquired pneumonia, septicemia, urinary tract infection, etc.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Ceftezole Meropenem
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftibuten Methenamine
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftizoxime Mezlocillin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ceftobiprole Moxalactam
Aztreonam Ceftolozane/tazobactam Moxifloxacin
Balofloxacin Ceftriaxone Nalidixic acid
Cefaclor Cefuroxime Netilmicin
Cefadroxil Cephalexin Nifuratel
Cefamandole Cephaloridine Nitrofurantoin
Cefatrizine Cephalothin Norfloxacin
Cefazolin Cephapirin Ofloxacin
Cefdinir Cephradine Oxolinic acid
Cefditoren Cinoxacin Pazufloxacin
Cefepime Ciprofloxacin Pefloxacin
Cefetamet Clinafloxacin Pipemidic acid
Cefixime Colistin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefmenoxime Doripenem Pivmecillinam
Cefmetazole Enoxacin Polymyxin B
Cefodizime Fleroxacin Prulifloxacin
Cefonicid Flomoxef Rufloxacin
Cefoperazone Flumequine Sparfloxacin
Ceforanide Fosfomycin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefotaxime Gatifloxacin Temafloxacin
Cefotetan Gemifloxacin Temocillin
Cefotiam Gentamicin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefoxitin Grepafloxacin Tigecycline
Cefpirome Imipenem Tobramycin
Cefpodoxime Isepamicin Tosufloxacin
Cefprozil Kanamycin Trimethoprim
Ceftaroline Levofloxacin Trovafloxacin
Ceftazidime Lomefloxacin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Loracarbef

Synonyms (7 listed)
Bacillus capsulatus mucosus Friedlander's bacillus
Bacillus mucosus capsulatus Hyalococcus pneumoniae
Bacillus pneumonae Klebsiella pneumoniae
Bacterium pneumoniae crouposae

Phenotype of Klebs. pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae

Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Gram negative Spore formation

Gram positive Acid fast
Coccus Spirochete
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Curved bacilli
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Cell wall-deficient
Bacillus or coccobacillus Aerobe
Branching filaments present Facultative

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:16 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 928 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Anaerobe Ornithine decarboxylase

Microaerophilic Phenylalanine deaminase
Growth on ordinary blood agar Acetate utilization
Growth on MacConkey agar Mucate utilization
Oxidase Tartrate utilization
Catalase Growth in KCN
Glucose fermenter Cephalothin-susceptible
Glucose oxidizer Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Not identifiable by standard tests Nalidixic acid-susceptible
Motile Vancomycin-susceptible
Cholesterol needed for growth Gas from glucose
X factor required Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
V factor required Adonitol
Capnophilic Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Indole L-Arabinose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) D-Arabitol
Methyl red Cellobiose
Voges Proskauer Dulcitol
Citrate Erthyritol
Hydrogen sulfide Glycerol
Nitrate to nitrite myo-Inositol
Nitrite to gas Lactose
Malonate Maltose
DNase D-Mannitol
Esculin hydrolysis D-Mannose
Gelatin hydrolysis Melibiose
Lipase Raffinose
Starch hydrolysis L-Rhamnose
Tyrosine hydrolysis Salicin
Urea hydrolysis D-Sorbitol
Yellow pigment Sucrose
Arginine dihydrolase Trehalose
Lysine decarboxylase D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 929 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:16 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis

Notes
Lancefield group N
Produces gamma-aminobutyric acid.

Ecology
Found in dairy products
1
Clinical significance not established.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Synonyms (7 listed)
Lactobacillus xylosus Streptococcus lactis
Lactococcus lactis subsp. Diacitilactis Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetilactis
Streptococcus diacetilactis Streptococcus lactis subsp. lactis
Streptococcus diacetylactis

Phenotype of Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis

Gram negative Voges Proskauer
Gram positive Esculin hydrolysis
Coccus Hippurate hydrolysis
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Starch hydrolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Yellow pigment
Bacillus or coccobacillus Arginine dihydrolase
Branching filaments present Growth at 42 degrees C
Spore formation Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Acid fast Bile-susceptible
Spirochete Vancomycin-susceptible
Curved bacilli Gas from glucose
Cell wall-deficient Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Aerobe Leucine aminopeptidase [LAP]
Facultative Adonitol
Anaerobe L-Arabinose
Microaerophilic Cellobiose
Growth on ordinary blood agar Dulcitol
Growth on MacConkey agar Erthyritol
Oxidase Glycerol
Catalase myo-Inositol
Glucose fermenter Lactose
Glucose oxidizer Maltose
Not identifiable by standard tests D-Mannitol
Beta hemolysis Melibiose
Coagulase production Raffinose
Motile L-Rhamnose
Cholesterol needed for growth Salicin
X factor required D-Sorbitol
V factor required Sucrose
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Capnophilic Trehalose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) D-Xylose

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:17 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 994 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Listeria monocytogenes

Notes
Diphtheroid morphology
CAMP positive (with S. aureus and Rhodococcus equi)
"Tumbling motility"" at 20 to 25 degrees C (not at 37 degrees C).

Ecology
Associated with food-borne sepsis; and septicemia and meningitis among neonates and immunosuppressed patients.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Erythromycin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Amoxicillin Fleroxacin Pristinamycin
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Flomoxef Prulifloxacin
*Ampicillin Gemifloxacin Quinupristin-Dalfopristin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Gentamicin Rifampin
Azithromycin Grepafloxacin Rifaximin
Azlocillin Imipenem Rosaramicin
Bacampicillin Josamycin Roxithromycin
Balofloxacin Kanamycin Rufloxacin
Carbenicillin Levofloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefazolin Lincomycin Spiramycin
Cephaloridine Linezolid Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cephalothin Meropenem Teicoplanin
Chloramphenicol Mezlocillin Temafloxacin
Ciprofloxacin Minocycline Tetracycline
Clarithromycin Miocamycin Thiamphenicol
Clinafloxacin Moxifloxacin Ticarcillin
Clindamycin Norfloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Dalbavancin Novobiocin Tigecycline
Dirithromycin Ofloxacin Trimethoprim
Doripenem Pefloxacin Trovafloxacin
Doxycycline Penicillin G Vancomycin
Enoxacin Piperacillin

* Drug of choice

Synonyms (6 listed)
Bacterium monocytogenes Corynebacterium parvulum
Bacterium monocytogenes hominis Erysipelothrix monocytogenes
Corynebacterium infantisepticum Listerella hepatolytica

Phenotype of Listeria monocytogenes

Gram negative Anaerobe
Gram positive Microaerophilic
Coccus Growth on ordinary blood agar
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Growth on MacConkey agar
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Oxidase
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Bacillus or coccobacillus Catalase

Branching filaments present Glucose fermenter
Spore formation Glucose oxidizer
Acid fast Not identifiable by standard tests
Spirochete Beta hemolysis
Curved bacilli Motile
Cell wall-deficient Cholesterol needed for growth
Aerobe X factor required
Facultative V factor required

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:18 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1048 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Capnophilic Yellow pigment

Indole Arginine dihydrolase
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Growth at 42 degrees C
Methyl red Gas from glucose
Voges Proskauer Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Citrate L-Arabinose
Hydrogen sulfide Lactose
Nitrate to nitrite Maltose
Nitrite to gas D-Mannitol
Casein hydrolysis Melibiose
Esculin hydrolysis Raffinose
Gelatin hydrolysis L-Rhamnose
Hippurate hydrolysis D-Sorbitol
Lecithinase Sucrose
Starch hydrolysis Trehalose
Urea hydrolysis D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1049 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:18 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Micrococcus luteus

Notes
Tetrads often seen on smear
Yellow, orange or yellow-green colonies
Does not ferment fructose.

Ecology
Found on the skin of mammals.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Synonyms (4 listed)
Bacteridium luteum Micrococcus lysodeikticus
Bacteridium luteus Sarcina lutea

Phenotype of Micrococcus luteus

Gram negative Beta hemolysis
Gram positive Coagulase production
Coccus Motile
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Cholesterol needed for growth
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate X factor required
Bacillus or coccobacillus V factor required
Branching filaments present Capnophilic
Spore formation ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Acid fast Voges Proskauer
Spirochete Nitrate to nitrite
Curved bacilli Esculin hydrolysis
Cell wall-deficient Gelatin hydrolysis
Aerobe Lipase
Facultative Starch hydrolysis
Anaerobe Urea hydrolysis
Microaerophilic Yellow pigment
Growth on ordinary blood agar Arginine dihydrolase
Growth on MacConkey agar Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Oxidase Gas from glucose
Catalase Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Glucose fermenter Glycerol
Glucose oxidizer Lactose
Not identifiable by standard tests D-Mannose
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:18 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1082 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Micrococcus luteus

Notes
Tetrads often seen on smear
Yellow, orange or yellow-green colonies
Does not ferment fructose.

Ecology
Found on the skin of mammals.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Synonyms (4 listed)
Bacteridium luteum Micrococcus lysodeikticus
Bacteridium luteus Sarcina lutea

Phenotype of Micrococcus luteus

Gram negative Beta hemolysis
Gram positive Coagulase production
Coccus Motile
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Cholesterol needed for growth
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate X factor required
Bacillus or coccobacillus V factor required
Branching filaments present Capnophilic
Spore formation ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Acid fast Voges Proskauer
Spirochete Nitrate to nitrite
Curved bacilli Esculin hydrolysis
Cell wall-deficient Gelatin hydrolysis
Aerobe Lipase
Facultative Starch hydrolysis
Anaerobe Urea hydrolysis
Microaerophilic Yellow pigment
Growth on ordinary blood agar Arginine dihydrolase
Growth on MacConkey agar Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Oxidase Gas from glucose
Catalase Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Glucose fermenter Glycerol
Glucose oxidizer Lactose
Not identifiable by standard tests D-Mannose
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:18 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1082 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Morganella morganii ss morganii

Ecology
Found in a variety of mammals and reptiles
1
Associated with urinary tract, wound and respiratory infection.

Synonyms (5 listed)
Bacillus columbensis Morgan's bacillus
Bacillus morgani Proteus morganii
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Bacterium morgani

Phenotype of Morganella morganii ss morganii

Gram negative Lipase
Gram positive Starch hydrolysis
Coccus Tyrosine hydrolysis
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Urea hydrolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Yellow pigment
Bacillus or coccobacillus Arginine dihydrolase
Branching filaments present Lysine decarboxylase
Spore formation Ornithine decarboxylase
Acid fast Phenylalanine deaminase
Spirochete Acetate utilization
Curved bacilli Mucate utilization
Cell wall-deficient Tartrate utilization
Aerobe Growth in KCN
Facultative Cephalothin-susceptible
Anaerobe Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Microaerophilic Nalidixic acid-susceptible
Growth on ordinary blood agar Vancomycin-susceptible
Growth on MacConkey agar Gas from glucose
Oxidase Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Catalase Adonitol
Glucose fermenter Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Glucose oxidizer L-Arabinose
Not identifiable by standard tests D-Arabitol
Motile Cellobiose
Cholesterol needed for growth Dulcitol
X factor required Erthyritol
V factor required Glycerol
Capnophilic myo-Inositol
Indole Lactose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Maltose
Methyl red D-Mannitol
Voges Proskauer D-Mannose
Citrate Melibiose
Hydrogen sulfide Raffinose
Nitrate to nitrite L-Rhamnose
Nitrite to gas Salicin
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Malonate D-Sorbitol
DNase Sucrose
Esculin hydrolysis Trehalose
Gelatin hydrolysis D-Xylose

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:19 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1103 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Notes
Growth on Thayer Martin agar
No growth on nutrient agar.

Ecology
Agent of gonorrhea
1 2
Recovered from urethra, vagina, pharynx, rectal lesions, and occasionally blood.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Cefprozil Loracarbef
Ampicillin/sulbactam Cefsulodin Meropenem
*#Azithromycin Ceftazidime Miocamycin
Aztreonam Ceftazidime/Avibactam Moxalactam
Cefaclor Ceftezole Novobiocin
Cefamandole Ceftibuten Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefatrizine Ceftizoxime Pristinamycin
Cefazolin Ceftobiprole Quinupristin-Dalfopristin
Cefdinir *#Ceftriaxone Rifabutin
Cefditoren Cefuroxime Rifampin
Cefepime Cephaloridine Rifaximin
Cefetamet Cephalothin Rosaramicin
Cefixime Cephapirin Roxithromycin
Cefmenoxime Chloramphenicol Spectinomycin
Cefmetazole Clarithromycin Spiramycin
Cefodizime Clofoctol Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefonicid Doripenem Sulfonamides
Cefoperazone Erythromycin Thiamphenicol
Ceforanide Flomoxef Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefotaxime Flumequine Tigecycline
Cefotetan Fusidic acid Troleandomycin
Cefotiam Gentamicin Trospectinomycin
Cefoxitin Imipenem Virginiamycin
Cefpirome Josamycin
Cefpodoxime Kanamycin

* Drug of choice
# Used in combination with other drug(s)

Synonyms (8 listed)
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae Micrococcus der gonorrhoe
Gonococcus Micrococcus gonococcus
Gonococcus neisseri Micrococcus gonorrhoeae
Merismopedia gonorrhoeae Neisser's coccus

Phenotype of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Gram negative Curved bacilli
Gram positive Cell wall-deficient
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Coccus Aerobe
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Facultative
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Anaerobe
Bacillus or coccobacillus Microaerophilic
Branching filaments present Growth on ordinary blood agar
Spore formation Growth on MacConkey agar
Acid fast Oxidase
Spirochete Catalase

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:19 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1268 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Glucose fermenter Gelatin hydrolysis

Glucose oxidizer Urea hydrolysis
Not identifiable by standard tests Yellow pigment
Beta hemolysis Ornithine decarboxylase
Motile Phenylalanine deaminase
Cholesterol needed for growth Growth at 42 degrees C
X factor required Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
V factor required Vancomycin-susceptible
Capnophilic Lactose
Indole Maltose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) D-Mannitol
Nitrate to nitrite D-Mannose
Nitrite to gas Sucrose
DNase

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1269 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:19 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Proteus mirabilis

Notes
Swarming.

Ecology
Commonly associated with urinary tract infection, bacteremia and a variety of other systemic infections.

Drug Susceptibility
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Amikacin Ceftobiprole Moxalactam

Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftolozane/tazobactam Moxifloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftriaxone Nalidixic acid
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Chloramphenicol Netilmicin
Azlocillin Cinoxacin Norfloxacin
Aztreonam Ciprofloxacin Novobiocin
Balofloxacin Clinafloxacin Ofloxacin
Carbenicillin Doripenem Oxolinic acid
Cefaclor Enoxacin Pazufloxacin
Cefdinir Ertapenem Pefloxacin
Cefditoren Fleroxacin Pipemidic acid
Cefepime Flomoxef Piperacillin
Cefetamet Flumequine Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefixime Fosfomycin Pivmecillinam
Cefmenoxime Furazolidone Prulifloxacin
Cefmetazole Gatifloxacin Rifampin
Cefodizime Gemifloxacin Rifaximin
Cefoperazone Gentamicin Rufloxacin
Cefotaxime Grepafloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefotetan Imipenem Temafloxacin
Cefoxitin Isepamicin Temocillin
Cefpirome Kanamycin Thiamphenicol
Ceftaroline Levofloxacin Ticarcillin
Ceftazidime Lomefloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Loracarbef Tobramycin
Ceftibuten Meropenem Tosufloxacin
Ceftizoxime Mezlocillin Trovafloxacin

Phenotype of Proteus mirabilis

Gram negative Glucose oxidizer
Gram positive Not identifiable by standard tests
Coccus Motile
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Cholesterol needed for growth
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate X factor required
Bacillus or coccobacillus V factor required
Branching filaments present Capnophilic
Spore formation Indole
Acid fast ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Spirochete Methyl red
Curved bacilli Voges Proskauer
Cell wall-deficient Citrate
Aerobe Hydrogen sulfide
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Facultative Nitrate to nitrite

Anaerobe Nitrite to gas
Microaerophilic Malonate
Growth on ordinary blood agar DNase
Growth on MacConkey agar Esculin hydrolysis
Oxidase Gelatin hydrolysis
Catalase Lipase
Glucose fermenter Starch hydrolysis

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:20 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1517 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Tyrosine hydrolysis L-Arabinose

Urea hydrolysis D-Arabitol
Yellow pigment Cellobiose
Arginine dihydrolase Dulcitol
Lysine decarboxylase Erthyritol
Ornithine decarboxylase Glycerol
Phenylalanine deaminase myo-Inositol
Acetate utilization Lactose
Mucate utilization Maltose
Tartrate utilization D-Mannitol
Growth in KCN D-Mannose
Cephalothin-susceptible Melibiose
Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible Raffinose
Nalidixic acid-susceptible L-Rhamnose
Vancomycin-susceptible Salicin
Gas from glucose D-Sorbitol
Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide Sucrose
Adonitol Trehalose
Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1518 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:20 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Proteus mirabilis

Notes
Swarming.

Ecology
Commonly associated with urinary tract infection, bacteremia and a variety of other systemic infections.

Drug Susceptibility
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Amikacin Ceftobiprole Moxalactam

Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftolozane/tazobactam Moxifloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftriaxone Nalidixic acid
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Chloramphenicol Netilmicin
Azlocillin Cinoxacin Norfloxacin
Aztreonam Ciprofloxacin Novobiocin
Balofloxacin Clinafloxacin Ofloxacin
Carbenicillin Doripenem Oxolinic acid
Cefaclor Enoxacin Pazufloxacin
Cefdinir Ertapenem Pefloxacin
Cefditoren Fleroxacin Pipemidic acid
Cefepime Flomoxef Piperacillin
Cefetamet Flumequine Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefixime Fosfomycin Pivmecillinam
Cefmenoxime Furazolidone Prulifloxacin
Cefmetazole Gatifloxacin Rifampin
Cefodizime Gemifloxacin Rifaximin
Cefoperazone Gentamicin Rufloxacin
Cefotaxime Grepafloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefotetan Imipenem Temafloxacin
Cefoxitin Isepamicin Temocillin
Cefpirome Kanamycin Thiamphenicol
Ceftaroline Levofloxacin Ticarcillin
Ceftazidime Lomefloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Loracarbef Tobramycin
Ceftibuten Meropenem Tosufloxacin
Ceftizoxime Mezlocillin Trovafloxacin

Phenotype of Proteus mirabilis

Gram negative Glucose oxidizer
Gram positive Not identifiable by standard tests
Coccus Motile
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Cholesterol needed for growth
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate X factor required
Bacillus or coccobacillus V factor required
Branching filaments present Capnophilic
Spore formation Indole
Acid fast ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Spirochete Methyl red
Curved bacilli Voges Proskauer
Cell wall-deficient Citrate
Aerobe Hydrogen sulfide
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Facultative Nitrate to nitrite

Anaerobe Nitrite to gas
Microaerophilic Malonate
Growth on ordinary blood agar DNase
Growth on MacConkey agar Esculin hydrolysis
Oxidase Gelatin hydrolysis
Catalase Lipase
Glucose fermenter Starch hydrolysis

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:20 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1517 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Tyrosine hydrolysis L-Arabinose

Urea hydrolysis D-Arabitol
Yellow pigment Cellobiose
Arginine dihydrolase Dulcitol
Lysine decarboxylase Erthyritol
Ornithine decarboxylase Glycerol
Phenylalanine deaminase myo-Inositol
Acetate utilization Lactose
Mucate utilization Maltose
Tartrate utilization D-Mannitol
Growth in KCN D-Mannose
Cephalothin-susceptible Melibiose
Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible Raffinose
Nalidixic acid-susceptible L-Rhamnose
Vancomycin-susceptible Salicin
Gas from glucose D-Sorbitol
Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide Sucrose
Adonitol Trehalose
Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1518 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:20 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Proteus vulgaris

Notes
Swarming.

Ecology
Associated with urinary tract infection, bacteremia and a variety of other systemic infections.

Drug Susceptibility
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Amikacin Ceftobiprole Moxalactam

Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftolozane/tazobactam Moxifloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftriaxone Nalidixic acid
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Chloramphenicol Netilmicin
Azlocillin Cinoxacin Norfloxacin
Aztreonam Ciprofloxacin Novobiocin
Balofloxacin Clinafloxacin Ofloxacin
Carbenicillin Doripenem Oxolinic acid
Cefaclor Enoxacin Pazufloxacin
Cefdinir Ertapenem Pefloxacin
Cefditoren Fleroxacin Pipemidic acid
Cefepime Flomoxef Piperacillin
Cefetamet Flumequine Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefixime Fosfomycin Pivmecillinam
Cefmenoxime Furazolidone Prulifloxacin
Cefmetazole Gatifloxacin Rifampin
Cefodizime Gemifloxacin Rifaximin
Cefoperazone Gentamicin Rufloxacin
Cefotaxime Grepafloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefotetan Imipenem Temafloxacin
Cefoxitin Isepamicin Temocillin
Cefpirome Kanamycin Thiamphenicol
Ceftaroline Levofloxacin Ticarcillin
Ceftazidime Lomefloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Loracarbef Tobramycin
Ceftibuten Meropenem Tosufloxacin
Ceftizoxime Mezlocillin Trovafloxacin

Synonyms (4 listed)
Bacillus proteus Bacterium vulgare
Bacillus vulgaris Fick's bacillus

Phenotype of Proteus vulgaris

Gram negative Microaerophilic
Gram positive Growth on ordinary blood agar
Coccus Growth on MacConkey agar
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Oxidase
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Catalase
Bacillus or coccobacillus Glucose fermenter
Branching filaments present Glucose oxidizer
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Spore formation Not identifiable by standard tests

Acid fast Motile
Spirochete Cholesterol needed for growth
Curved bacilli X factor required
Cell wall-deficient V factor required
Aerobe Capnophilic
Facultative Indole
Anaerobe ONPG (beta galactosidase)

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:21 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1521 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Methyl red Nalidixic acid-susceptible

Voges Proskauer Vancomycin-susceptible
Citrate Gas from glucose
Hydrogen sulfide Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Nitrate to nitrite Adonitol
Nitrite to gas Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Malonate L-Arabinose
DNase D-Arabitol
Esculin hydrolysis Cellobiose
Gelatin hydrolysis Dulcitol
Lipase Erthyritol
Starch hydrolysis Glycerol
Tyrosine hydrolysis myo-Inositol
Urea hydrolysis Lactose
Yellow pigment Maltose
Arginine dihydrolase D-Mannitol
Lysine decarboxylase D-Mannose
Ornithine decarboxylase Melibiose
Phenylalanine deaminase Raffinose
Acetate utilization L-Rhamnose
Mucate utilization Salicin
Tartrate utilization D-Sorbitol
Growth in KCN Sucrose
Cephalothin-susceptible Trehalose
Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1522 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:21 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Providencia stuartii

Notes
No swarming
Galactose-positive.

Ecology
Associated with urinary tract infection, bacteremia, burn wound infection and other systemic infections.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Ceftibuten Mezlocillin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftizoxime Moxalactam
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ceftobiprole Moxifloxacin
Azlocillin Ceftolozane/tazobactam Netilmicin
Aztreonam Ceftriaxone Norfloxacin
Balofloxacin Ciprofloxacin Ofloxacin
Carbenicillin Clinafloxacin Pazufloxacin
Cefaclor Doripenem Pefloxacin
Cefdinir Enoxacin Piperacillin
Cefepime Fleroxacin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefetamet Flomoxef Prulifloxacin
Cefixime Gatifloxacin Rifampin
Cefmenoxime Gemifloxacin Rifaximin
Cefmetazole Gentamicin Rufloxacin
Cefodizime Grepafloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefoperazone Imipenem Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefotaxime Isepamicin Temafloxacin
Cefotetan Kanamycin Temocillin
Cefoxitin Levofloxacin Ticarcillin
Cefpirome Lomefloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftazidime Loracarbef Tobramycin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Meropenem Trovafloxacin

Synonyms (1 listed)
Proteus stuartii

Phenotype of Providencia stuartii

Gram negative Catalase
Gram positive Glucose fermenter
Coccus Glucose oxidizer
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Not identifiable by standard tests
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Motile
Bacillus or coccobacillus Cholesterol needed for growth
Branching filaments present X factor required
Spore formation V factor required
Acid fast Capnophilic
Spirochete Indole
Curved bacilli ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Cell wall-deficient Methyl red

Aerobe Voges Proskauer
Facultative Citrate
Anaerobe Hydrogen sulfide
Microaerophilic Nitrate to nitrite
Growth on ordinary blood agar Nitrite to gas
Growth on MacConkey agar Malonate
Oxidase DNase

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:21 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1530 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Esculin hydrolysis Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside

Gelatin hydrolysis L-Arabinose
Lipase D-Arabitol
Starch hydrolysis Cellobiose
Tyrosine hydrolysis Dulcitol
Urea hydrolysis Erthyritol
Yellow pigment Glycerol
Arginine dihydrolase myo-Inositol
Lysine decarboxylase Lactose
Ornithine decarboxylase Maltose
Phenylalanine deaminase D-Mannitol
Acetate utilization D-Mannose
Mucate utilization Melibiose
Tartrate utilization Raffinose
Growth in KCN L-Rhamnose
Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible Salicin
Vancomycin-susceptible D-Sorbitol
Gas from glucose Sucrose
Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide Trehalose
Adonitol D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1531 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:21 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica

Notes
As of 2000, there were 2,463 named "strains" (serovars) of Salmonella
Revised schemes for nomenclature are currently under consideration, and will probably restrict these taxa to two species
1 2
(Salmonella enterica, and Salmonella bongori).
S. enterica will be further divided into six subspecies (enterica, salamae, arizonae, diarizonae, houtenae and indica).
This first subspecies of Salmonella (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica) incorporates the majority of taxa commonly
associated with gastroenteritis; ie, serotypes enteritidis (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis),
typhimurium, infantis, hadar, choleraesuis, etc.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Ecology
Found in a variety of animals
Commonly associated with gastroenteritis and a variety of systemic infections.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Cefpodoxime Levofloxacin
Amoxicillin Ceftazidime Meropenem
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftazidime/Avibactam Moxalactam
Ampicillin Ceftezole Moxifloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftobiprole Netilmicin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ceftriaxone Norfloxacin
Azithromycin Cefuroxime Ofloxacin
Aztreonam Cephaloridine Pazufloxacin
Bacampicillin Cephalothin Pefloxacin
Balofloxacin Cephapirin Piperacillin
Carbenicillin Chloramphenicol Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefamandole Ciprofloxacin Pivmecillinam
Cefatrizine Clinafloxacin Polymyxin B
Cefazolin Colistin Prulifloxacin
Cefdinir Doripenem Rufloxacin
Cefditoren Enoxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefixime Fleroxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefmenoxime Flomoxef Temafloxacin
Cefmetazole Flumequine Temocillin
Cefodizime Furazolidone Ticarcillin
Cefonicid Gatifloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefoperazone Gemifloxacin Tigecycline
Ceforanide Gentamicin Tobramycin
Cefotaxime Grepafloxacin Tosufloxacin
Cefotetan Imipenem Trimethoprim
Cefotiam Isepamicin Trovafloxacin
Cefpirome Kanamycin

Synonyms (19 listed)

Bacillus cholerae suis Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi
Bacillus gallinarum Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar pollurum
Bacterium pullorum Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium
Salmonella Dublin Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella enterica I Salmonella Group I strains
Salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi A Salmonella paratyphi A
Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum Salmonella pollurum
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin Salmonella subgroup 1

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:22 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1617 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Phenotype of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica

Gram negative Esculin hydrolysis
Gram positive Gelatin hydrolysis
Coccus Lipase
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Tyrosine hydrolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Urea hydrolysis
Bacillus or coccobacillus Yellow pigment
Branching filaments present Arginine dihydrolase
Spore formation Lysine decarboxylase
Acid fast Ornithine decarboxylase
Spirochete Phenylalanine deaminase
Curved bacilli Acetate utilization
Cell wall-deficient Mucate utilization
Aerobe Tartrate utilization
Facultative Growth in KCN
Anaerobe Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Microaerophilic Gas from glucose
Growth on ordinary blood agar Adonitol
Growth on MacConkey agar Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Oxidase L-Arabinose
Catalase D-Arabitol
Glucose fermenter Cellobiose
Glucose oxidizer Dulcitol
Not identifiable by standard tests Erthyritol
Coagulase production Glycerol
Motile myo-Inositol
Cholesterol needed for growth Lactose
X factor required Maltose
V factor required D-Mannitol
Capnophilic D-Mannose
Indole Melibiose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Raffinose
Methyl red L-Rhamnose
Voges Proskauer Salicin
Citrate D-Sorbitol
Hydrogen sulfide Sucrose
Nitrate to nitrite Trehalose
Malonate D-Xylose
DNase

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1618 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:22 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica

Notes
As of 2000, there were 2,463 named "strains" (serovars) of Salmonella
Revised schemes for nomenclature are currently under consideration, and will probably restrict these taxa to two species
1 2
(Salmonella enterica, and Salmonella bongori).
S. enterica will be further divided into six subspecies (enterica, salamae, arizonae, diarizonae, houtenae and indica).
This first subspecies of Salmonella (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica) incorporates the majority of taxa commonly
associated with gastroenteritis; ie, serotypes enteritidis (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis),
typhimurium, infantis, hadar, choleraesuis, etc.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Ecology
Found in a variety of animals
Commonly associated with gastroenteritis and a variety of systemic infections.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Cefpodoxime Levofloxacin
Amoxicillin Ceftazidime Meropenem
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftazidime/Avibactam Moxalactam
Ampicillin Ceftezole Moxifloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ceftobiprole Netilmicin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ceftriaxone Norfloxacin
Azithromycin Cefuroxime Ofloxacin
Aztreonam Cephaloridine Pazufloxacin
Bacampicillin Cephalothin Pefloxacin
Balofloxacin Cephapirin Piperacillin
Carbenicillin Chloramphenicol Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefamandole Ciprofloxacin Pivmecillinam
Cefatrizine Clinafloxacin Polymyxin B
Cefazolin Colistin Prulifloxacin
Cefdinir Doripenem Rufloxacin
Cefditoren Enoxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefixime Fleroxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefmenoxime Flomoxef Temafloxacin
Cefmetazole Flumequine Temocillin
Cefodizime Furazolidone Ticarcillin
Cefonicid Gatifloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefoperazone Gemifloxacin Tigecycline
Ceforanide Gentamicin Tobramycin
Cefotaxime Grepafloxacin Tosufloxacin
Cefotetan Imipenem Trimethoprim
Cefotiam Isepamicin Trovafloxacin
Cefpirome Kanamycin

Synonyms (19 listed)

Bacillus cholerae suis Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi
Bacillus gallinarum Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar pollurum
Bacterium pullorum Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium
Salmonella Dublin Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella enterica I Salmonella Group I strains
Salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi A Salmonella paratyphi A
Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum Salmonella pollurum
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin Salmonella subgroup 1

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:22 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1617 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Phenotype of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica

Gram negative Esculin hydrolysis
Gram positive Gelatin hydrolysis
Coccus Lipase
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Tyrosine hydrolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Urea hydrolysis
Bacillus or coccobacillus Yellow pigment
Branching filaments present Arginine dihydrolase
Spore formation Lysine decarboxylase
Acid fast Ornithine decarboxylase
Spirochete Phenylalanine deaminase
Curved bacilli Acetate utilization
Cell wall-deficient Mucate utilization
Aerobe Tartrate utilization
Facultative Growth in KCN
Anaerobe Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Microaerophilic Gas from glucose
Growth on ordinary blood agar Adonitol
Growth on MacConkey agar Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Oxidase L-Arabinose
Catalase D-Arabitol
Glucose fermenter Cellobiose
Glucose oxidizer Dulcitol
Not identifiable by standard tests Erthyritol
Coagulase production Glycerol
Motile myo-Inositol
Cholesterol needed for growth Lactose
X factor required Maltose
V factor required D-Mannitol
Capnophilic D-Mannose
Indole Melibiose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Raffinose
Methyl red L-Rhamnose
Voges Proskauer Salicin
Citrate D-Sorbitol
Hydrogen sulfide Sucrose
Nitrate to nitrite Trehalose
Malonate D-Xylose
DNase

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1618 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:22 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Shigella sonnei

Notes
Confirm identification with specific antisera.

Ecology
Agent of bacillary dysentery
Isolated from stool (occasionally blood).
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Ceftazidime/Avibactam Netilmicin
Amoxicillin Ceftibuten Norfloxacin
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ceftizoxime Ofloxacin
Ampicillin Ceftriaxone Oxolinic acid
Ampicillin/sulbactam Cefuroxime Pazufloxacin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Chloramphenicol Pefloxacin
Azithromycin Ciprofloxacin Pipemidic acid
Azlocillin Clinafloxacin Piperacillin
Aztreonam Colistin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Bacampicillin Doripenem Pivmecillinam
Balofloxacin Enoxacin Polymyxin B
Carbenicillin Fleroxacin Prulifloxacin
Cefatrizine Flomoxef Rufloxacin
Cefdinir Furazolidone Sparfloxacin
Cefepime Gatifloxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefetamet Gemifloxacin Sulfonamides
Cefixime Gentamicin Temafloxacin
Cefmenoxime Grepafloxacin Temocillin
Cefmetazole Imipenem Thiamphenicol
Cefodizime Isepamicin Ticarcillin
Cefoperazone Kanamycin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Cefotaxime Levofloxacin Tigecycline
Cefotetan Lomefloxacin Tobramycin
Cefoxitin Meropenem Tosufloxacin
Cefpirome Mezlocillin Trimethoprim
Cefpodoxime Moxifloxacin Trovafloxacin
Ceftazidime Nalidixic acid

Synonyms (5 listed)
Bacterium ceylonense Shigella Serogroup D
Bacterium sonnei Sonne bacillus
Duval's bacillus

Phenotype of Shigella sonnei

Gram negative Facultative
Gram positive Anaerobe
Coccus Microaerophilic
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Growth on ordinary blood agar
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Growth on MacConkey agar
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Bacillus or coccobacillus Oxidase

Branching filaments present Catalase
Spore formation Glucose fermenter
Acid fast Glucose oxidizer
Spirochete Not identifiable by standard tests
Curved bacilli Motile
Cell wall-deficient Cholesterol needed for growth
Aerobe X factor required

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:22 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1656 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

V factor required Growth in KCN

Capnophilic Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Indole Vancomycin-susceptible
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Gas from glucose
Methyl red Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Voges Proskauer Adonitol
Citrate Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Hydrogen sulfide L-Arabinose
Nitrate to nitrite D-Arabitol
Nitrite to gas Cellobiose
Malonate Dulcitol
DNase Erthyritol
Esculin hydrolysis Glycerol
Gelatin hydrolysis myo-Inositol
Lipase Lactose
Starch hydrolysis Maltose
Tyrosine hydrolysis D-Mannitol
Urea hydrolysis D-Mannose
Yellow pigment Melibiose
Arginine dihydrolase Raffinose
Lysine decarboxylase L-Rhamnose
Ornithine decarboxylase Salicin
Phenylalanine deaminase D-Sorbitol
Acetate utilization Sucrose
Mucate utilization Trehalose
Tartrate utilization D-Xylose

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1657 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:22 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Staphylococcus aureus

Notes
Tetrads not seen
Both coagulase and clumping factor are present
Beta-glucosidase-positive.

Ecology
Often present in the nares and skin
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Agent of abscesses, septicemia, endocarditis, food poisoning, toxic shock syndrome, osteomyelitis, pneumonia and other
severe infections.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Cephradine Nafcillin
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ciprofloxacin Netilmicin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Clarithromycin Norfloxacin
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Clinafloxacin Novobiocin
Azithromycin Clindamycin Ofloxacin
Balofloxacin Clofoctol Oritavancin
Cefaclor Cloxacillin Oxacillin
Cefadroxil Dalbavancin Oxolinic acid
Cefamandole Daptomycin Pazufloxacin
Cefatrizine Dicloxacillin Pefloxacin
Cefazolin Dirithromycin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefdinir Doripenem Pristinamycin
Cefditoren Enoxacin Prulifloxacin
Cefepime Ertapenem Quinupristin-Dalfopristin
Cefmetazole Erythromycin Rifabutin
Cefodizime Fleroxacin #Rifampin
Cefonicid Flomoxef Rifapentine
Cefoperazone Flucloxacillin Rifaximin
Ceforanide Flumequine Rokitamycin
Cefotaxime Fosfomycin Rosaramicin
Cefotetan Fusidic acid Roxithromycin
Cefotiam Gatifloxacin Rufloxacin
Cefoxitin Gemifloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefpirome Gentamicin Spiramycin
Cefpodoxime Grepafloxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefprozil Imipenem Tedizolid
Cefsulodin #Isepamicin Teicoplanin
Ceftaroline Josamycin Telavancin
Ceftazidime Kanamycin Temafloxacin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Levofloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftezole Lincomycin Tigecycline
Ceftizoxime Linezolid Tobramycin
Ceftobiprole Lomefloxacin Tosufloxacin
Ceftriaxone Loracarbef Trimethoprim
Cefuroxime Meropenem Trovafloxacin
Cephalexin Methicillin Vancomycin
Cephaloridine Miocamycin Virginiamycin
Cephalothin Moxalactam
Cephapirin Moxifloxacin

# Used in combination with other drug(s)

Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Synonyms (4 listed)
Micrococcus aureus Staphlococcus pyogenes citreus
Micrococcus pyogenes Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:23 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1680 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus

Gram negative Nitrate to nitrite
Gram positive DNase
Coccus Esculin hydrolysis
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Gelatin hydrolysis
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Lipase
Bacillus or coccobacillus Urea hydrolysis
Branching filaments present Yellow pigment
Spore formation Arginine dihydrolase
Acid fast Ornithine decarboxylase
Spirochete Growth at 42 degrees C
Curved bacilli Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Cell wall-deficient Cephalothin-susceptible
Aerobe Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Facultative Novobiocin-susceptible
Anaerobe Alkaline phosphatase
Microaerophilic Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Growth on ordinary blood agar Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Growth on MacConkey agar L-Arabinose
Oxidase Cellobiose
Catalase Glycerol
Glucose fermenter Lactose
Glucose oxidizer Maltose
Not identifiable by standard tests D-Mannitol
Beta hemolysis D-Mannose
Coagulase production Melibiose
Motile Raffinose
Cholesterol needed for growth Salicin
X factor required D-Sorbitol
V factor required Sucrose
Capnophilic Trehalose
ONPG (beta galactosidase) D-Xylose
Voges Proskauer

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1681 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:23 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Ecology
Isolated from skin and trans-cutaneous cultures
1
Associated with infection of artificial heart valves, catheters and prostheses.

Drug Susceptibility
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Cephradine Nafcillin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Ciprofloxacin Nifuratel
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Azithromycin Clarithromycin Nitrofurantoin

Balofloxacin Clinafloxacin Norfloxacin
Cefaclor Clindamycin Novobiocin
Cefadroxil Clofoctol Ofloxacin
Cefamandole Cloxacillin Oxacillin
Cefatrizine Dalbavancin Pazufloxacin
Cefazolin Daptomycin Pefloxacin
Cefdinir Dicloxacillin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefepime Doripenem Pristinamycin
Cefmenoxime Doxycycline Prulifloxacin
Cefmetazole Enoxacin Quinupristin-Dalfopristin
Cefonicid Erythromycin Rifabutin
Cefoperazone Everninomycin Rifampin
Ceforanide Fleroxacin Rifapentine
Cefotaxime Flucloxacillin Rifaximin
Cefotetan Fusidic acid Rosaramicin
Cefotiam Gatifloxacin Rufloxacin
Cefoxitin Gemifloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefpirome Grepafloxacin Spiramycin
Cefprozil Imipenem Tedizolid
Ceftaroline Josamycin Teicoplanin
Ceftazidime Levofloxacin Telavancin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Lincomycin Temafloxacin
Ceftezole Linezolid Tetracycline
Ceftizoxime Lomefloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftobiprole Loracarbef Tigecycline
Ceftriaxone Meropenem Trimethoprim
Cefuroxime Methenamine Troleandomycin
Cephalexin Methicillin Trovafloxacin
Cephaloridine Minocycline Vancomycin
Cephalothin Moxalactam Virginiamycin
Cephapirin Moxifloxacin

Synonyms (4 listed)
Albococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus albus
Micrococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus epidermidis albus

Phenotype of Staphylococcus epidermidis

Gram negative Facultative
Gram positive Anaerobe
Coccus Microaerophilic
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Growth on ordinary blood agar
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Growth on MacConkey agar

Bacillus or coccobacillus Oxidase
Branching filaments present Catalase
Spore formation Glucose fermenter
Acid fast Glucose oxidizer
Spirochete Not identifiable by standard tests
Curved bacilli Beta hemolysis
Cell wall-deficient Coagulase production
Aerobe Motile

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:23 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1688 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Cholesterol needed for growth Novobiocin-susceptible

X factor required Alkaline phosphatase
V factor required Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Capnophilic Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
ONPG (beta galactosidase) L-Arabinose
Voges Proskauer Cellobiose
Nitrate to nitrite Glycerol
DNase Lactose
Esculin hydrolysis Maltose
Gelatin hydrolysis D-Mannitol
Lipase D-Mannose
Urea hydrolysis Melibiose
Yellow pigment Raffinose
Arginine dihydrolase Salicin
Ornithine decarboxylase D-Sorbitol
Growth at 42 degrees C Sucrose
Growth in 6.5% NaCl Trehalose
Cephalothin-susceptible D-Xylose
Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1689 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:23 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Streptococcus pyogenes

Notes
Lancefield group A
No growth at 10 degrees C.
Confirm with specific antibody.

Ecology
Associated with pharyngitis, rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis, impetigo, scarlet fever, erysipelas, wound infection,
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

1 2
etc.

Drug Susceptibility
Amoxicillin Ceftriaxone Nitrofurantoin
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Cefuroxime Norfloxacin
Ampicillin Cephalexin Novobiocin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Cephaloridine Oritavancin
Azithromycin Cephalothin Oxacillin
Azlocillin Cephapirin *Penicillin G
Bacampicillin Cephradine Penicillin V
Balofloxacin Chloramphenicol Piperacillin
Carbenicillin Clarithromycin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Cefaclor Clinafloxacin Pivmecillinam
Cefadroxil Clindamycin Pristinamycin
Cefamandole Clofoctol Propicillin
Cefatrizine Cloxacillin Prulifloxacin
Cefazolin Cyclacillin Quinupristin-Dalfopristin
Cefdinir Dalbavancin Rifabutin
Cefditoren Daptomycin Rifampin
Cefepime Dicloxacillin Rifaximin
Cefetamet Dirithromycin Rokitamycin
Cefixime Doripenem Rosaramicin
Cefmenoxime Doxycycline Roxithromycin
Cefmetazole Enoxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefodizime Ertapenem Spiramycin
Cefonicid Erythromycin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefoperazone Everninomycin Sulfonamides
Ceforanide Flomoxef Tedizolid
Cefotaxime Flucloxacillin Teicoplanin
Cefotetan Gatifloxacin Telavancin
Cefotiam Gemifloxacin Telithromycin
Cefoxitin Grepafloxacin Temafloxacin
Cefpirome Imipenem Tetracycline
Cefpodoxime Levofloxacin Thiamphenicol
Cefprozil Lincomycin Ticarcillin
Cefsulodin Loracarbef Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftaroline Meropenem Tigecycline
Ceftazidime Methicillin Tosufloxacin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Mezlocillin Trimethoprim
Ceftezole Minocycline Troleandomycin
Ceftibuten Miocamycin Trospectinomycin
Ceftizoxime Moxalactam Trovafloxacin
Ceftobiprole Moxifloxacin Vancomycin
Ceftolozane/tazobactam Nafcillin Virginiamycin

* Drug of choice
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Synonyms (5 listed)
Group A streptococcus Streptococcus haemolyticus
Micrococcus scarlatinae Streptococcus scarlatinae
Streptococcus erysipelatos

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:24 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1770 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Phenotype of Streptococcus pyogenes

Gram negative X factor required
Gram positive V factor required
Coccus Capnophilic
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate ONPG (beta galactosidase)
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Voges Proskauer
Bacillus or coccobacillus Esculin hydrolysis
Branching filaments present Hippurate hydrolysis
Spore formation Starch hydrolysis
Acid fast Yellow pigment
Spirochete Arginine dihydrolase
Curved bacilli Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Cell wall-deficient Bile-susceptible
Aerobe Cephalothin-susceptible
Facultative Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Anaerobe Vancomycin-susceptible
Microaerophilic Alkaline phosphatase
Growth on ordinary blood agar Gas from glucose
Growth on MacConkey agar Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Oxidase Leucine aminopeptidase [LAP]
Catalase L-Arabinose
Glucose fermenter Lactose
Glucose oxidizer D-Mannitol
Not identifiable by standard tests Raffinose
Beta hemolysis Salicin
Coagulase production D-Sorbitol
Motile Trehalose
Cholesterol needed for growth

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1771 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:24 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Vibrio cholerae

Notes
Grows on salt-free media
Yellow color on TCBS.
Classical strains - VP and hemagglutinin negative, polymyxin-susceptible
El Tor strains - VP and hemagglutinin positive, polymyxin-resistant.

Ecology
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Found in contaminated water, seafood, vegetables, etc.

Agent of cholera
Isolated from human feces.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Clinafloxacin Oxolinic acid
Ampicillin Colistin Pefloxacin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Doripenem Pipemidic acid
Arbekacin and Dibekacin *Doxycycline Piperacillin
Azithromycin Enoxacin Piperacillin/tazobactam
Azlocillin Fleroxacin Polymyxin B
Aztreonam Furazolidone Prulifloxacin
Bacampicillin Gatifloxacin Sparfloxacin
Cefazolin Gemifloxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Ceftazidime Gentamicin Temafloxacin
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Imipenem Tetracycline
Ceftezole Levofloxacin Thiamphenicol
Ceftizoxime Meropenem Ticarcillin
Ceftobiprole Mezlocillin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftriaxone Miocamycin Tigecycline
Cefuroxime Moxifloxacin Tobramycin
Cephaloridine Nalidixic acid Tosufloxacin
Cephalothin Nifuratel Trimethoprim
Cephapirin Nitrofurantoin Trovafloxacin
Chloramphenicol Norfloxacin
Ciprofloxacin Ofloxacin

* Drug of choice

Vaccines
Cholera - injectable vaccine
Cholera - oral vaccine

Synonyms (13 listed)

Bacillo virgola del Koch Pacinia cholerae-asiaticae
Bacillus cholerae Spirillum cholerae
Bacillus cholerae-asiaticae Spirillum cholerae-asiaticae
Cholera bacillus Vibrio cholera
Kommabacillus Vibrio cholerae-asiaticae
Liquidivibrio cholerae Vibrio comma
Microspira comma
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Phenotype of Vibrio cholerae

Gram negative Coccus - clusters or groups predominate
Gram positive Bacillus or coccobacillus
Coccus Branching filaments present
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Spore formation

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:24 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1847 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Acid fast Urea hydrolysis

Spirochete Yellow pigment
Curved bacilli Arginine dihydrolase
Cell wall-deficient Lysine decarboxylase
Aerobe Ornithine decarboxylase
Facultative Phenylalanine deaminase
Anaerobe Acetate utilization
Microaerophilic Mucate utilization
Growth on ordinary blood agar Tartrate utilization
Growth on MacConkey agar Growth in KCN
Oxidase Growth at 42 degrees C
Catalase Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Glucose fermenter Colistin-Polymyxin susceptible
Glucose oxidizer Gas from glucose
Not identifiable by standard tests Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide
Beta hemolysis Adonitol
Motile Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Cholesterol needed for growth L-Arabinose
X factor required D-Arabitol
V factor required Cellobiose
Capnophilic Dulcitol
Indole Erthyritol
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Glycerol
Methyl red myo-Inositol
Voges Proskauer Lactose
Citrate Maltose
Hydrogen sulfide D-Mannitol
Nitrate to nitrite D-Mannose
Nitrite to gas Melibiose
Malonate Raffinose
Casein hydrolysis L-Rhamnose
DNase Salicin
Esculin hydrolysis D-Sorbitol
Gelatin hydrolysis Sucrose
Lipase Trehalose
Starch hydrolysis D-Xylose
Tyrosine hydrolysis

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1848 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:24 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

Yersinia pestis

Notes
Young colonies may have 'fried egg' appearance.

Ecology
Found in a variety of mammals and transmitted by fleas.
Agent of plague
1
Isolated from pus, sputum, blood, cerebrospinal fluid and other specimens.
All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law.

Drug Susceptibility
Amikacin Chloramphenicol Pazufloxacin
Amoxicillin Ciprofloxacin Penicillin G
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Clinafloxacin Piperacillin
Ampicillin Doxycycline Piperacillin/tazobactam
Arbekacin and Dibekacin Ertapenem Prulifloxacin
Aztreonam Fleroxacin Sparfloxacin
Bacampicillin Gatifloxacin *Streptomycin
Balofloxacin Gemifloxacin Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Cefepime Gentamicin Temafloxacin
Cefotaxime Grepafloxacin Tetracycline
Cefotetan Imipenem Thiamphenicol
Ceftazidime Levofloxacin Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ceftazidime/Avibactam Meropenem Tigecycline
Ceftobiprole Moxifloxacin Tobramycin
Ceftriaxone Netilmicin Trimethoprim
Cefuroxime Ofloxacin Trovafloxacin

* Drug of choice

Vaccines
Plague vaccine

Synonyms (8 listed)
Bacillus pestis Pasteurella pestis
Bacillus pestis bubonicae Pestisella pestis
Bacterium pestis Plague bacillus
Kitisato's bacillus Yersinia pseudotuberculosis subsp. pestis

Phenotype of Yersinia pestis

Gram negative Anaerobe
Gram positive Microaerophilic
Coccus Growth on ordinary blood agar
Coccus - pairs or chains predominate Growth on MacConkey agar
Coccus - clusters or groups predominate Oxidase
Bacillus or coccobacillus Catalase
Copyright 2016. GIDEON Informatics Inc.

Branching filaments present Glucose fermenter

Spore formation Glucose oxidizer
Acid fast Not identifiable by standard tests
Spirochete Beta hemolysis
Curved bacilli Coagulase production
Cell wall-deficient Motile
Aerobe Cholesterol needed for growth
Facultative X factor required

EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/4/2020 2:25 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO
© 2016; GIDEON
AN: 1191566 Informatics,
Berger, Stephen Inc. www.gideononline.com
A..; Gideon All Rights
Guide to Medically Important Reserved.
Bacteria Page 1879 of 1888
Account: ccsf.main.ehost
 GIDEON Guide to Medically Important Bacteria

V factor required Growth at 42 degrees C

Capnophilic Growth in 6.5% NaCl
Indole Vancomycin-susceptible
ONPG (beta galactosidase) Gas from glucose
Methyl red Adonitol
Voges Proskauer Alpha-methyl-D-glucoside
Citrate L-Arabinose
Hydrogen sulfide D-Arabitol
Nitrate to nitrite Cellobiose
Nitrite to gas Dulcitol
Malonate Erthyritol
DNase Glycerol
Esculin hydrolysis myo-Inositol
Gelatin hydrolysis Lactose
Lipase Maltose
Tyrosine hydrolysis D-Mannitol
Urea hydrolysis D-Mannose
Yellow pigment Melibiose
Arginine dihydrolase Raffinose
Lysine decarboxylase L-Rhamnose
Ornithine decarboxylase Salicin
Phenylalanine deaminase D-Sorbitol
Acetate utilization Sucrose
Mucate utilization Trehalose
Tartrate utilization D-Xylose
Growth in KCN

© 2016 GIDEON Informatics, Inc. www.gideononline.com All Rights Reserved. Page 1880 of 1888
EBSCOhost - printed on 11/4/2020 2:25 PM via CITY COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO. All use subject to https://www.ebsco.com/terms-of-use