XKJK\MIKDNE LNDNRN AKF[N

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\uyntui Dcini Juadtnr, J.Xf.
 Xke`krtcne
 Pcacpkfcn, pkjkrmikdne lndnsn akfun nfnind prmsks
Jkeurut Pcacpkfcn,
skskmrne` lkinonr lndnsn akfun fcsnjpce` lndnsn clu jkrkan.
Xkjkrmikdne lndnsn akfun jkruoua akpnfn npn yne` scswn
inauane fne tcfna jkruoua pnfn npn yne` `uru inauane.
 N`usctcen,<886. Xkjkrmikdne lndnsn akfun
Jkeurut Bdnkr N. fne N`usctcen,<886.
ntnu lcice`unicsjk nfnind rketne`ne lkrtndnp yne` fcjuinc fnrc
jke`unsnc lndnsn pkrtnjn (L>) fctnjlnd jke`ktnduc skfcact
lndnsn akfun (L<), iniu pke`unsnne L< jkece`ant skbnrn
lkrtndnp, snjpnc nadcreyn jke`unsnc L< snjn lncaeyn fke`neL>.
 Jkeurut Nadnfcnd, R., faa fninj (>330?<.<) pkjkrmikdne lndnsn
akfun nfnind prmsks snnt skskmrne` jkjpkrmikd sklund lndnsn
ince sktkind iklcd fnduiu cn jke`unsnc snjpnc lntns tkrtketu
lndnsn pkrtnjneyn.

Jnan, pkjkrmikdnefne
uetua jkjpkrmikd lndnsn akfun
lkinonr jkrupnane
lndnsn prmsks
lnru sktkind ntnu tndnpne
jke`unsnc
lndnsn pkrtnjn ntnu lndnsn clu fke`ne tuoune tkrtketu skdce``n
Xkjlndnsne jke`kenc lndnsn akfun (L<) tcfna
tkrikpns fnrc pkjlndnsne jke`kenc lndnsn pkrtnjn
(L>). Lndnsn akfun fcpkrmikd sktkind pke`unsnne
lndnsn pkrtnjn. Xkjkrmikdne lndnsn akfun lkrlkfn
fke`ne pkjkrmikdne lndnsn pkrtnjn. Xkrlkfnne cec
tkriktna fnrc prmsks pkjkrmikdneeyn. Xke`unsnne L>
jkiniuc prmsks pkjkrmikdne skfne`ane pke`unsnne L<
jkiniuc prmsks pkjlkinonrne. Xkjlkinonrne L< fnpnt
fcpkrmikd jkiniuc pkefcfcane gmrjni jnupue cegmrjni
dneyn fke`ne bnrn ske`non fne snfnr. Dni cec lkrlkfn
fke`ne pkjkrmikdne lndnsn pkrtnjn yne` scgnteyn
ninjcnd skrtn fke`ne bnrn tcfna ske`non fne tcfna
snfnr.
 Anena-anena bkefkrue` iklcd jufnd jke`unsnc
lndnsn ince lndane jke``netc lndnsn yne` sufnd
fcaunsnceyn fke`ne lndnsn lnru. Lkrlkfn fke`ne
mrne` fkwnsn ntnu jkrkan yne` jnsn arctcseyn sufnd
ikwnt tcfna nane jufnd lkinonr lndnsn ince, npnin`c
jke``netc lndnsn yne` sufnd fceurnecaneeyn
fke`ne lndnsn ince (Bdnkr, <882? <62). Jue`ace dni
cec yne` fcjnasuf mikd Nctbdcsme skln`nc lkani amfrntc
(ceentk prmpkrtcks)
prmpkrtcks) fninj pkjkrmikdne lndnsn.
Vcpk-tcpk Xkjlkinonrne Lndnsn
 Kiics (vcn Bdnkr, <882? <62) jkeyklutane nfn fun tcpk
pkjlkinonrne lndnsn ynctu tcpk enturnicstca fne tcpk gmr jn
jnii fc
fninj akins.
 Vcpk enturnicstca lkrscgnt ninjcnd, tnepn `uru fne tnepn
akske`nonne. Vcpk cec ujujeyn lneyna fcoujpnc fc fninj
ice`aue`ne jnsynrnant lcice`uni (juitcice`uni). Bmetmd ansus ynctu
skmrne` jndnscswn fnrc Lnic auicnd ak Om`on, skdce``n sktcnp dnrc
jndnscswn cec lkrcetkrnasc fke`ne tkjne ams, tkjne auicnd,
pkfn`ne` fc skactnr ams, smpcr ne`autne, fne skln`nceyn yne`
akskjuneyn lkrlndnsn Onwn. Nwnieyn jndnscswn cec jke`ninjc
aksuictne fninj jkjpkinonrc lndnsn Onwn tkrutnjn smni naske
yne` jnscd aketni fke`ne naske Lnic, tktnpc sktkind skacne tndue
tce``ni fc Om`on nadcreyn cn lcsn lkrlndnsn Onwn fke`ne naske
Onwn.