\ MASS TRANSFER -l|_ Single stage / Multistage Crosscurrent Extraction (20 23 - 2.1) QUESTION Carbon disulphide (CS2) is used to extract iodine from its saturated aqueous solution . The distribution of iodine between carbon disulphide and water at equilibrium is given by giodine Te fest — 588.2 (1) Calculate the concentration of iodine in aqueous phase if one litre of saturated aqueous solution of CS2 at 293K (20°C) containing 0.3 grams of iodine per one litre of water is stirred with 50 ml of carbon disulphide. (2) Repeat for two ideal extractions using 25 ml of solvent each time. QUESTION2 A solution of nicotine in water containing 1% nicotine is to be extracted with kerosene at 293K (20°C). Water and kerosene are essentially insoluble. Assume the equilibrium relationship to be Y=0.9X, Kgnicotine Kgnicotine Kg kerosene ‘Where , Kg water (1) Determine the percentage extraction of nicotine if 100 kg of feed solution is extracted with 150 kg of solvent. (2) Repeat for three theoretical extractions using 50 kg solvent each time. QUESTION 3 : For extraction of dioxane from water , benzene is used as an extraction solvent . At 298K(25°C),the equilibrium distribution of dioxane between water and benzene is as given below: ‘Weight % of dioxane in water 5.1 18.9 25.2 ‘Weight % of dioxane in benzene 52. 22.5 32 At these concentrations ,water and benzene are substantially insoluble. 1000 kg of solution containing 25% dioxane is to be extracted with benzene to remove 95 % of the dioxne .The dioxane free benzene is used, (1) Calculate the solvent requirement for single batch operation. (2) If the extraction were done in four stage crosscurrent unit using 750 kg of pure benzene each time,determine the final raffinate concentration and the percentage removal of dioxane from feed solution,QUESTION: ‘A 2000 kg of pyridine weight of pure chlorobs weight of a solvent equal water solution containing 50 % py! to be extracted with an equal enzene . The raffinate from the first extraction is to be re extracted) with Ito the raffinate weight and so on. i Determine : (1) Theoretical stage required and (2) Total quantity of solvent required to reduce the pyridine concentration to 2%, Use rectangular co-ordinate - Pyridine Chlorobenzene | Water Pyridine Chlorobenzene | water 0 99.95, 0.05 0 0,08 99.92 11.05 88.28 0.07 5.02 0.16 94.82 18.95 79.90 1.15 11.05 0.24 $8.71 24.10 74.28 1.62 18.90 0.38 80.72 28.60 69.15 2.25 25.50 0.58 73.92 31.55 65.58 2.87 36.15 1,85 62.05 35.05 61.00 3.95 44.95 4.18 50.87 40.60 53.00 6.40 53.20 8.90 37.90. {49.00 37.80 13.20 49.00 37.80 13.20. QUESTION 5: 100 kg of a solution of acetic acid (C) in water (A) containing 30% acid by weight is to be extracted three times with isopropyl ether (B) at 293K 20°C).using 420 kg of pure solvent in each stage (cross- current system) .Determine ions of various streams. wuld be required if the same final raffinate concentration were to be (1) Quantities and compositi (2) Quantity of solvent that wo obtained in single stage. Equilibrium data at 293K(20°C) are as follows- Water layer Tsopropyl ether layer Wit of A,100x “Water [IPE __| Wi% of A,100; Water IPE 0.69 98.1 12 0.18 05 99.3 1At 97.1 15 0.37 0.7 98.9. 2.89 95.5 16 0.79 0.8 98.4 6.42 917 19 1.93 1.0 971 13.3 84.4 2.3 4.82 19 93.3 25.5 71.1 34 11.40 3.9 847, 36.70 58.9 44 21.60 69 715 44.30 45.1 10.6 | 31.10 10.8 58.1 46.4 37.1 16.5 36.20 15.1 48.7Mass Transfer Tutorial (229-2 » MASS TRANSFER -||_ Multistage Countercurrent Extraction QUESTION 1: 100 kg/hr of a nicotine- water containing 10% by weight nicotine is extracted with 150kg/hr of Kerosene containing 0.06 % by weight nicotine in a countercurrent stage column .The nicotine contant of exit water stream is 0.10 weight percent Determine the number of theoretical stage required for this separation. Water and kerosene are essentially immiscible solvent-The equilibrium data for the above system is — =kgnicotine 0.001011 | 0.00246 | 0.00502 0.0075 0.00998 0.0204 kg water = Kgnicotine 0.000807 | 0.00196 0.00456 0.00686 0.00913 0.0187 kg kerosene X& Y: QUESTION 2: 1000 kg/hr of a nicotine —water solution containing 1% nicotine is to be extracted with kerosene to reduce the nicotine content to 0.1%. Water and kerosene are immiscible solvent. (1) What is the minimum solvent requirement, kg/hr? (2) If 1150 kg/hr of solvent is used how many theoretical stages are required? The equilibrium data are as follows- ‘X= kg nicotine 0 0.00101 0.00246 0.00502, 0.00998 0.0204 | kg water Y=kKenicotine ] 0] 0.00807 | 0.00196 | 0.00456 [0.00913 [0.1870 | kg kerosene QUESTION 3: A 25 % solution of dioxane in water is to be continuously extracted at a rate of 1000 kg/hr in a countercurrent extraction system with benzene to remove 95 % of dioxane . ‘The equilibrium distribution of dioxane between water and benzene is as follows ‘Weight % dioxane in water 5.1 18.9 25.2 Weight % dioxane in benzene 5.2 22.5 32.0 ‘Atthese concentrations , benzene and water are substantially insoluble .Determine the number of theoretical stages required if 900 kg of benzene is used per hour.* QUESTION 4: 'A pyridine —water solution containing 50% pyridine is to be continuously and countereurrently extracted at the rate of 2.25 kg/s with chlorobenzene to reduce the pyridine concentration to 2% in the final raffinate .Using rectangular co-ordinates plot of x v/s y and x,y v/s with weight fraction of chlorobenzene determine the number of theoretical stages required if 2.3kg/s of solvent is used . Equilibrium tie-line data in weight percent are: [Pyridine Chlorobenzene | Water | Pyridine Chlorobenzene_| Water 0 99.95 0.05 0 0.08 99.92 11.05 88.28 0.67 5.02 0.16 94.82 18.95 79.90 115 11.05 0.24 88.71 24.10 74.28 1.62 18.90 0.38 80.72 28.60 69.15 2.25 25.50 0.58 73.92 31.55 65.58 2.87 36.10 1.85 62.05 35.05 61.00 3.95 44.95 4.18 50.87 40.60 53.00 6.40 33.20 8.90 37.90 49 37.80 13.20__|49 37.80 13.2