Name: Hikmat ULLAH

Class: BA ( HONS) History

Roll Number: 1125
Semester: II
Teacher: Sir Farhan
Mid : MASCOM
Session: 2020_ 2021 Evening
Email hikmatu693@gmail.com
Q1: what kind of censorship the Muslim press has endured in the 20 th century in the sub-
continent.

 Introduction
Muslim press done a very a good in every difficult time in the sub-
continent. It rise the right of people and criticize the British government and expose the
British imperialism or colonialism in the response the British censorship began and
oppress the Muslim press. Freedom of press in British India and or freedom of press in
pre- independent India refers in full of censorship all the press were legally protect
number if Act pass and implement on the both British and pre- independent India like
Vernacular Press Act, Censorship of Press Act, 1799, Metcalfe Act and Indian Press Act, 1910,
while the media outlets were regulated by the Licensing Regulations, 1823, Licensing Act, 1857
and Registration Act, 1867. The British administrators in the India . Furthermore British India
take number action against in press like Gagging Act, comprised a set of rule for
distributing, circulating and publishing any story, news, and these press were
independent to printing any news they are accountable. These rule are basically
implement regional and English news paper when they publishing their concerned
under the selected government. During the government allowed to journalist and media
industry to convey any story to the to the audience with out the challenge of
sovereignty of the government in addition during the region the government claimed to
have direct and self- censorship leading some newspaper to stop publishing article after
licensee revoked Example, Prior to the Indian Rebellion of 1857 the press was involved in
independent moment and demonstrate coverage. And leading government to get involved in
self- censorship in the press freedom in addition number of journalist the n sub- continent to
take freedom from British everyone struggle to get free but at that the journalism is one of the
tough job at that time but they don’t mind it that many of journalist prison and endurance the
endured only for freedom Furthermore, gagging Act control the publication in the sub-continent
but gagging Act didn’t control the every news paper than British take more step to control the
printer press news paper they take several step to and make news laws following the role of
press freedom and later the formation of India national Congress the government implement
the extreme section in 1898 such as section 565, 124A and 153A of the Indian penal code. The
government later add four news laws four new laws, 1 Act 1908, the Prevention of Seditious
Meetings II, Act 1911, the Indian Press Act, 1910, the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1908, and
the Secrets Act 1903. Consequently I sum up in this stance that before the partition that press
sacrifice live only true freedom and to get people in this tough situation.

Q2: critical analysis the role of Urdu newspaper for the uplift of Muslim community before
1947?
 Introduction
Journalism in Urdu and in local language in this matter was started
much after to English in the sub-continent of India.After fifty years the Urdu press was
started. The found of press in India were employ of East India company name Christian
Missionaries. Therefore, the origin of press in India in basically
arrived in English moreover this professiona of journalism is
extremely popular among the Europe consequently the first local
language paper Jaami-Jaha- Numa was from Calcutta this is start from Urdu then after
sometime it changed into Persian. Before it was only English press publishing at that
time low level people can’t not understand to read or speak English these paper only
published for elite class who understands the english. Now these territories which are
comprised to Pakistan were very weak in getting Western education for this reason the
press arrived late in the these region.
Therefore
the province of Balochistan, Sindh and N.W.F.P got the status of province after long
time. N.W.P.F was a part of Punjab in 1910. Sindh was the presidency of Mumbai. And
Balochistan was tribal area but only Punjab was main province to publish the press. The
oldest news paper of Pakistan was Koh- i-Noor of Lahore. Exact date
has not know but it become famous in 1851. The next Urdu news
paper Akbari_ Aam in 1870 and “Mitr Vilas” and Akbari_ Anjumani –
Punjabi (1870) and Paisa- Akbar, All these paper publishing
articles, literacy and education values and as well current
valves furthermore all these contribution make people alive
and forced people to think about your right and free speech.
However Pakistan also the reason to become independent
the reason Urdu- Hindi controversy these Urdu press make
people fill and arise the politic in there life furthermore in
the last of 19th century flourished the Seraj- ul- Akbar
starting by Maulvi faqir Muhammad in 1985 to 1916 as i
conclude the Urdu press done a great job before the
partition of India and make people make forced to take any
political action or make demonstrate against the
government and the finally Pakistan become independent on
the struggle of these press as well.