Water pollution-

Introduction
Tenuta, 2021
Annual baseline water stress
SDG6
Water scarcity in India

• World economic forum has identified water scarcity as one of the major global risks
• Two thirds of the world population live in areas facing water scarcity for at least a
month a year and about 50% of this population lives in China and India
• Only 37% of wastewater produced in India is getting treated
• More than half of the Indian cities fall under water stress regions
Causes of pollution

Dumping of Industrial Social and religious practices like

waste dumping dead bodies in water,
bathing, throwing waste in water

Agriculture runoff Oil leaks from ships

Reduction in water quantity Garbage dumping and

in rivers in plains washing clothes on river side.
Approximately 1 billion litres of
raw, untreated sewage is
dumped in Ganga regularly.
Ganga contains 60,000 fecal
coliform bacteria per 100 ml,
which is a threat to human
health.
River Ganga
Ganga is considered to be the
most polluted river in India.
River Yamuna
More than 57% of Delhi waste
is thrown into Yamuna river.
Only 55% of Delhi’s residents
are connected to a proper
sewerage system.
According to CSE, around 80%
of Yamuna’s pollution is due to
raw sewage.
The thick, bubbly froth in the river is said to be the result
of poisonous waste and filth dumped into the river
contributed by both industrial and household waste.

Excess phosphate is added in household and factory-use

detergent powders to soften hard water.

This phosphate acts as a nutrient to certain algal species

and on blooming, they cover the entire water surface,
inhibiting the sunlight to penetrate in river.

Frothing is severe in River Yamuna (Delhi), and Bellandur

and Varthur lakes (Bangalore).
Froth in Yamuna near Kalindi Kunj, Delhi
Bellandur lake, Bangalore Varthur lake, Bangalore
Coastal and Inland salinity
Coastal
and
Inland
salinity
in India

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Salinity-levels-of-the-
groundwater-underlying-India_fig1_326790052