DATTA MEGHE INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND

RESEARCH
SCHOOL OF ALLIED SCIENCES
FACULTY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
MCA SEM II (OL Mode)

Subject: Developing Enterprise Applications

Assignment S/N: 02

Student Name: Atuhaire Dan Beegira

Student Id: SO2022SA00155

1. What do you mean by Introduction to JAXP?

2. Explain DOM in detail.
3. Describe SAX and StAX interface.
4. Short note on XSLT.
5. Briefly introduce about Servlets.
6. Explain life cycle of servlet.
7. Write in short about the sessions.
8. Describe user authentication.
9. Explain Inter-servlet communication.
10. Briefly explain about Java Server Pages (JSP).
11. Explain in detail about JSP Life Cycle.
12. Why there is need of Custom JSP tags? Explain.
13. Explain Java Server Faces Technology in detail?
14. Short note on Java Server Faces Technology with respect to the following point:
a) Architecture.
b) Life Cycle
c) Tags
d) Page Navigation

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction to JAXP: ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
2. Explain DOM in detail: ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
3. Describe SAX and StAX interface: ................................................................................................................................ 3
4. Short note on XSLT: .......................................................................................................................................................... 3
5. Briefly introduce about Servlets: ..................................................................................................................................... 3
6. Explain the life cycle of servlet: ...................................................................................................................................... 4
7. Write in short about sessions:......................................................................................................................................... 4
8. Describe user authentication:.......................................................................................................................................... 4
9. Explain Inter-servlet communication: ............................................................................................................................ 4
10. Briefly explain about Java Server Pages (JJSP):........................................................................................................... 5
11. Explain in detail about JSP Life Cycle: .......................................................................................................................... 5
12. Why there is a need for Custom JSP tags? Explain: ................................................................................................. 5
13. Explain Java Server Faces Technology in detail: ........................................................................................................ 5
14. Short note on Java Server Faces Technology with respect to the following points: ......................................... 5

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1. Introduction to JAXP:

Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) is a Java-based API that provides a standardized
way to parse and process XML documents. It allows Java applications to interact with
XML data by providing various interfaces for parsing, querying, transforming, and
validating XML documents.

JAXP is a crucial component for working with XML in Java and includes the Document
Object Model (DOM) and Simple API for XML (SAX) for parsing, and the
Transformations and XPath APIs for querying and transforming XML.

2. Explain DOM in detail:

The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for XML and HTML
documents. In the context of XML, the DOM represents an XML document as a tree
structure, with each element, attribute, and piece of text in the document as a node in the
tree.

The DOM allows developers to navigate, modify, and manipulate the content and
structure of XML documents using a set of standardized APIs. It's often used when the
entire XML document needs to be loaded into memory, making it suitable for small to
medium-sized documents.

3. Describe SAX and StAX interface:

a) SAX (Simple API for XML): SAX is an event-driven XML processing model. It
processes XML documents sequentially, generating events as it encounters elements,
attributes, and content. SAX parsers are efficient and use less memory because they don't
store the entire document in memory. Instead, they provide callbacks to handle events
as they occur.

b) StAX (Streaming API for XML): StAX is another XML parsing model that allows for
both reading and writing XML. It offers a cursor-like API, where developers can traverse
an XML document as a stream of events and make decisions about how to handle each
event. StAX is efficient and flexible, combining the advantages of both DOM and SAX.

4. Short note on XSLT:

XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) is a language for transforming

XML documents into different formats or structures. It is often used to convert XML
data into HTML, plain text, or other XML formats.

XSLT operates on XML documents and employs stylesheets that define rules for
transforming the input XML into the desired output format. XSLT is a key technology
in web development for rendering XML data as web pages and is widely used in web
publishing and data integration.

5. Briefly introduce about Servlets:

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 Servlets are Java-based server-side components used to extend the functionality of web
servers and build dynamic web applications.

Servlets receive and process client requests, generate dynamic responses, and perform a
wide range of tasks, such as handling forms, managing sessions, and connecting to
databases.

They are platform-independent and follow the Java Servlet API, making them suitable
for creating web applications on various web servers.

6. Explain the life cycle of servlet:

The life cycle of a servlet includes the following stages:
a) Initialization: The servlet is loaded and initialized when the web server starts or when
the first request is received.
b) Request Handling: For each client request, a new thread is spawned to handle the
request. The servlet's `service()` method is called to process the request.
c) Response Generation: The servlet generates a response, often by producing HTML or
other content, and sends it back to the client.
d) Destruction: When the web server is shut down or the servlet is removed from service,
the servlet's `destroy()` method is called, allowing it to release resources.

7. Write in short about sessions:

Sessions in web applications are used to maintain state and user data across multiple
requests. They are often implemented using session objects or cookies to store
information between client interactions with a web server.

Sessions enable the tracking of user activities and can store user-specific data, making
them essential for tasks like user authentication and shopping cart management.

8. Describe user authentication:

User authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user accessing a system
or application. It typically involves the user providing a username and password, which
are then compared to stored credentials.

Successful authentication grants access to protected resources. Common authentication

methods include username/password, biometrics, two-factor authentication, and single
sign-on (SSO).

9. Explain Inter-servlet communication:

Inter-servlet communication refers to the interaction between multiple servlets in a web
application. Servlets can communicate through mechanisms such as shared attributes,
context attributes, request forwarding, and request redirection.

This communication enables collaboration between servlets for tasks like data sharing,
request processing, and handling complex workflows.

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10. Briefly explain about Java Server Pages (JJSP):
JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a technology used in web development to create dynamic web
pages and web applications. JSP allows developers to embed Java code within HTML
to generate dynamic content, making it a powerful and flexible tool for building web
applications. JSP pages are processed on the server to generate HTML or other markup
language, which is then sent to the client's web browser for display.

11. Explain in detail about JSP Life Cycle:

The JSP Life Cycle consists of several phases, including page translation, initialization,
request processing, and destruction. During page translation, the JSP page is converted
into a servlet. In the initialization phase, the servlet is initialized and its `init()` method
is called.

Request processing involves handling client requests by executing Java code embedded
in the JSP page. Finally, the destruction phase occurs when the servlet is destroyed, and
its `destroy()` method is called.

12. Why there is a need for Custom JSP tags? Explain:

Custom JSP tags are needed to enhance the functionality and reusability of JSP pages.
They allow developers to define their custom tags that encapsulate specific functionality
or business logic.

Custom tags improve the separation of concerns by isolating Java code from presentation
in JSP pages, making them more maintainable and promoting code reusability.

13. Explain Java Server Faces Technology in detail:

JavaServer Faces (JSF) is a Java-based web application framework used for building
web user interfaces. JSF provides a well-defined life cycle that governs how web pages
are created, updated, and rendered.

Understanding the JSF life cycle is crucial for building robust and maintainable web
applications. JSF includes features for managing user interfaces, handling events, and
integrating with other Java EE technologies.

14. Short note on Java Server Faces Technology with respect to the following points:
a. Architecture: JSF follows a component-based architecture, where user interfaces are
built using reusable UI components. It provides a framework for building web
applications by defining a component tree and managing its state throughout the
application's life cycle.

b. Tags: JSF introduces custom tags that represent UI components. These tags are used in
JSP pages to define the user interface and its behavior. They encapsulate the rendering,
event handling, and data binding for UI components.

c. Life Cycle: JSF has a well-defined life cycle that includes phases for view restoration,
component tree construction, validation, model updating, and rendering. Understanding
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 the life cycle is essential for building and maintaining JSF applications.
d. Page Navigation: JSF provides navigation features for moving between pages or views
in a web application. Navigation rules can be defined in configuration files to determine
how the application responds to user actions.

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