Gerund VS.

Present Participle
Gerunds and Present Participle are formed from verbs. They both end in (ing),
So they look exactly the same. The difference is in their function. Gerunds take
the role of nouns, while Present Participles act as verb tenses or adjectives. So,
to decide wither an ing word is a Gerund or Present Participle, we most look at
what role it Plays in the sentence. Because Gerunds take the role of nouns,
they can be:- Subject. Object. object of Preposition. Let's begin by looking at
some examples of Gerund:
Starting with the word traveling,:
1- Traveling Can be expensive.
2- The family enjoys traveling.
3- Maria was tired of traveling.
In each of these Sentences, the word traveling takes the role
Of a noun. In the first sentences, It is the subject of the sentence. In the second
one, It is the direct object. In the third one, It is the object of Preposition. Now
lets’ look at the same word which can be also a Present Participle:
1- Sarah is traveling to Qatar.
2- You will be traveling by train.
3- The traveling salesman arrived in town.

Participle phrase
It is a phrase that functions as a whole as an adjective to describe the noun.

Examples of participle phrase:

1- Walking around the beach, Ali collected se shells.
2- Frightened by the loud fireworks, the dog hid behind me.

They are called participle phrases because they function as a whole

phrase as adjectives to describe nouns. In addition, if you omit them;
they won’t change the structure and the meaning of the sentence.