international Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC) Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering Final Exam Program: B.Sc (Engg.) Semester: Spring2022 Course Code: ETE-4823/4843 Course Title: Optical Fiber Communications Total Marks: 50 Time: 2.5Hours nswer all the questions. The figures in the right-hand margin indi (ii) Course Outcomes (COs) and Bloom's Le te full marks. mentioned in additional Columns. ind basics of optical communication systems. I | oan ‘Course Outcomes (COs) of the Questions I | The practical techniques involved in real world opti | fiber communication sys Bloom's Levels of the Questions [UR U Ap | An Eoep Remember | Understand | Apply | Analyze | Evaluate | — Create Part A {.(a) Explain the following noises due to spontaneous fluctuations in optical receivers: giving any 5 U — CLOI relevant mathematical formulas. i) Thermal Noise ii) Quantum Noise iii) Dark Current noise 1,(b) An anaiog optical fiber system operating at a wavelength of 1550 nm has a post-detection 5 & — CLO2 * bandwidth of 5 MHz. Assuming an ideal detector and considering only quantum noise on the signal, calculate the ineident optical power necessary to achieve an SNR of 30 dB at the Justify your answer briefly receiv er model for Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) 5 An CLOI 24a) Draw and explain the coherent detection re giving any relevant mathematical formulas. 24b) Point out the applications for the following amplifier configurations in optical fiber 3 An C communications systems, i) In-line amplifier ii) Pre ampli Ol iii) Booster Amplifier oR Explain the following terms and motive your answer briefly U-— cLol+ a) Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) cLo2 b) Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) noise. 2.(b) Draw an Avalanche photodiode showing electric field region and explain why we have a 3 E CLO2 high electric field gain region in APD. PART B 3,(a) Explain, with the aid of a suitable block diagram, the generalized coherent optical fiber 5 U — CLOL system. Motive your answer briefly. 3.(b) Calculate and justify the number of received photons per bit in order to maintain a 10-9 for (a) ASK heterodyne synchronous detection (b) PSK homodyne detection. An ideal binary receiver may be assumed in all cases. Motive your answer briefly EB cLo2 Page 1 of 24.(a) 4.(b) 5.(b) 5.(a) 5.(b) Explain the link power Budge and Rise-Time Budget analysis for the total. fiber communication system. An optical fiber system is to be designed t0 operate 2 50 km length without repeaters. The rise time of the chosen components are Source (LED) = 12 ns, 1Ons/km. intramodal= 0. and detector (PIN) Determine and estimate the maximum bit rate using N respectively. ‘An optical fiber link consists of multimode step index fiber which has a numerical aperture top ptiad a core refractive index of 3. The Rayleigh scattering coefficient forthe Ter ’s Botaca When light pulses of 90 ns duration are launched into the fiber, Produce the ratio in decibels of backscattered optical power to the forward optical power atthe fiber Input The velocity of light in a vacuum is 2. 998x108 ms"! Z and RZ modulation format “The following parameters ate established for a long haul single mode optical fiber system operating at a wavelength of 155Onm. Mean power launched from the laser transmitter 3dBm Cable fiber loss 0.24B/km Splice loss 0.014B/km. connector losses at the transmitter’ and receiver 0.5dB each Mean power required at the APD receiver When operating at 35Mbit/s(B 10°) -55dBm ‘When operating at 400 Mbit/s(BER. 10°) ~44dBm. Required safety margi 3aB Estimate and justify: i) The maximum possible link length without repeaters when operating at SOMbit/s (BER 10°). It may be assumed that there is no dispersion equalization penalty at this bitrate. ii) The maximum possible Tink length without repenters shen operatin Mbit/s(BER 10°)and assuming no dispersion equalization penalty. ii) The reduction in the maximum possible link length without repeaters of (P) when here is 9 dispersion ~equalization penalty of 1.04B. it may be assumed for the purposes ofthis estimate that the reduced Tink length has the 0.548 penalty, [Am optical power meter records optical signal power in either dBm or dB Convert the optical signal powers of 7mW and 35, W to dBm. Justify your answer briefly OR Describe the Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) Principle and ilustrate a possible backscatter plot from a fiber under test, at 1000 Explain the main features of an optical long-haul network employing a wavelength division multiplexed transmission system, Differentiate between CWDM and DWDM techniques for optical transmission system. Page 2 of 2 u An An Ui u clo CLO? cLo2 1.02 cLo2 clol &2 cLol